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had been relegated to the status of tenants on their own land after being conquered by
Menelik's forces. At the height of its development, Mecha-Tulema claimed as many as 200,000 members. The leadership comprised educated
43:). The organization was accused of committing acts of terror by the Ethiopian government, in hopes of suppressing the Oromo National Movement that was developing at the time. The Association was established by
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Mecha-Tulama was significant for several reasons. It was an indication that political sentiments could not be suppressed merely by forbidding political parties. The movement sensitized the
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was brought to trial in 1968 and condemned to death, a sentence later commuted to life in prison. Mamo
Mezemir was also sentenced to death and he was executed on February 28, 1969.
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114:, a former general in the Ethiopian police force and the territorial army. He was from a Shewa Oromo family and had established himself firmly in
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who had been
Amharized but subsequently rediscovered their culture, deciding to fight for a fair share of the spoils of modernization.
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people. But since political parties were not allowed at the time, associations such as Mecha-Tulema often took on political roles.
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regime became sufficiently alarmed at growth in the movement's popularity, and decided to arrest its top leadership including
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to the importance of their own national culture and to the contradiction inherent in the emerging politico-economic system.
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appeared at organizational rallies in southern towns, delivering speeches critical of the government's policies towards
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self-identity and providing basic infrastructures like school, health facilities, roads and water supplies to the
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areas and encouraging the people to demand justice. He carefully linked his appeal to the dignity of
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39:. The movement was primarily based in Bale, but was active in other regions as well (including
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movie house that was attributed to him. The Mecha-Tulama was banned shortly thereafter.
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origins were not apparent to many until he began to champion the cause of his people.
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Ethnic
Diversity and Federalism Constitution Making in South Africa and Ethiopia
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6. Olana Zoga Bojia. Gizetna Gizot Macha and Tulema
Association, Amharic, 1996
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Mecha and Tulema Self-Help
Association is named after two of the major Borana
79:. It was established in the 1960s as a self-help club dedicated to promoting
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culture, a culture that, he emphasized, was being destroyed at the hands of
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in both cities and the countryside. It was most successful in the south,
36:
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Documenting the
Ethiopian Student Movement: An Exercise in Oral History
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in 1974 consisted largely of former members of this association.
193:. Addis Ababa: Forum for Social Studies, 2010. p. 103
16:20th century Oromo-led social movement in Ethiopia
110:The most prominent leader of Mecha-Tulema was
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253:Political organisations based in Ethiopia
35:political and freedom social movement in
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29:Waldaa Wal-gargaarsa Maccaa fi Tuulamaa
90:The organization attempted to involve
21:Mecha and Tulema Self-Help Association
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149:following a bomb explosion in an
233:. Farnham: Ashgate, 2010. p. 173
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167:The group that founded the
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227:Fessha, Yonatan Tesfaye.
203:About Macha Tulema USA
169:Oromo Liberation Front
118:culture. In fact, his
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141:By November 1966 the
98:in particular, where
53:Haile Mariam Gemeda
47:nationalists like
263:History of Oromia
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151:Addis Ababa
41:Addis Ababa
247:Categories
175:References
215:"History"
31:) was an
37:Ethiopia
63:History
136:Amhara
116:Amhara
105:Oromos
100:Oromos
92:Oromos
77:Tulema
71:clans
162:Oromo
132:Oromo
128:Oromo
120:Oromo
85:Oromo
81:Oromo
73:Mecha
69:Oromo
45:Oromo
33:Oromo
25:Oromo
96:Arsi
75:and
55:and
19:The
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23:(
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