582:(221 Arthur Street), a three-story brick school building constructed in 1930. A school has existed at this site since the establishment of the Fairview school in 1875. The school was known as the Ninth Ward School in the 1880s, but was eventually renamed for John L. Moses, who had donated the property for the school. The current school building now houses Knoxville's only charter School, Emerald Academy. Prior to the charter school the building housed a branch of the Knoxville Police Department Training Academy, and a local chapter of the Boys and Girls Club.
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many of
Mechanicsville's elaborate Victorian homes in the 1880s and 1890s. African-American factory workers settled primarily in the Middleton–Weatherford Addition, which was concentrated around what is now Calloway and Boyd streets. McAnally's Addition, commonly called McAnally Flats, consisted of the area south of Western Avenue, in the vicinity of Leslie Street Park. This latter section developed a reputation as a rough slum in later years, and provided the setting for part of the
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253:, United States, located northwest of the city's downtown area. One of the city's oldest neighborhoods, Mechanicsville was established in the late 1860s for skilled laborers working in the many factories that sprang up along Knoxville's periphery. The neighborhood still contains a significant number of late-19th-century Victorian homes, and a notable concentration of early-20th-century
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schools, six general stores, and a greenhouse. Along with
Knoxville Iron, factories located in and around Mechanicsville during this period included the Knoxville Brewing Company (on McGhee), the Standard Handle Company, the W. H. Evans and Son marble company, the Knoxville Car and Wheel Company, and the Greenleaf Turntable Manufactory.
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19th century neighborhood. In addition, KCDC purchased over 100 vacant lots throughout the neighborhood for new construction, which was also designed to fit in architecturally with the remaining neighborhood. Efforts were made to enable low income families from the area to rent or purchase these homes.
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Major community revitalization efforts in
Mechanicsville began in the 1970s with the establishment of the preservation group Mechanicsville Citizens for a Better Community. In 1985, Knoxville created the Mechanicsville Task Force, which made recommendations on the rehabilitation of historic homes and
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Mechanicsville experienced a decline during the second half of the 20th century as
Knoxville's middle class moved from urban areas to suburbs on the city's periphery. A number of old homes were demolished to make way for the construction of the expressway that would eventually become I-40, and others
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As the Welsh immigrant families became more successful, they established other businesses in
Knoxville, and in subsequent decades, many Welsh dispersed into other sections of the city. Today, more than 250 families in greater Knoxville can trace their ancestry to these original immigrants. The Welsh
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In the early 20th century, Mechanicsville evolved into a prosperous neighborhood of
African American businesses and working families, and remained so for several decades. One of the first African-American institutions in Mechanicsville was the Fairview School, built on land donated by John Moses in
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to revitalize the
College Homes portion of the neighborhood. The families living in the College Homes barracks-style apartments were relocated and the housing project was demolished. The area was then rebuilt with single family and duplex homes designed to blend architecturally with remaining late
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As more factory specialists and laborers moved into the area, Mechanicsville began to grow. The Welsh community expanded to include an area known as the
Deaderick–Swann Addition, which included much of modern Deaderick and Arthur streets, and adjacent streets. Residents in this section built
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In 1868, Civil War general-turned-entrepreneur Hiram S. Chamberlain and the
Richards brothers established the Knoxville Iron Company, which erected a massive foundry and nail factory across Second Creek from McGhee's Addition (part of this complex, now known simply as "The Foundry," still stands).
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University Avenue divides
Mechanicsville into "Old Mechanicsville," which consists of the neighborhood's older, southeastern section, and "New Mechanicsville," which consists of the more recently developed northern section. The 39-acre (16 ha) campus of Knoxville College dominates the western
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just southeast of Mechanicsville in 1868. In the 19th century, when the neighborhood acquired its name, the word "mechanic" typically referred to factory workers. Mechanicsville was developed during this period to provide housing for Welsh iron specialists and African-American laborers working at
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Mechanicsville residents voted to be annexed by Knoxville in 1882. Knoxville was initially lukewarm to the idea, but agreed to accept Mechanicsville as its Ninth Ward on January 1, 1883. At the time of its annexation, Mechanicsville reported a population of just over 2,000, three churches, two
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Second Creek, which attracted numerous factories and mills to the area in the late nineteenth century, passes just west of Mechanicsville. Railroad tracks (now used by the Southern Railway), which also attracted industry to the area, pass just south and east of Mechanicsville, running roughly
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families were brought to the area from Pennsylvania by the Welsh-born Richards brothers, Joseph and David, to work in a local rolling mill. The Richards brothers secured a tract of land in what is now Mechanicsville from railroad tycoon
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Chamberlain provided the business expertise, while the Richards brothers provided the technical expertise. Several houses in Mechanicsville still have fences made from iron cast at the Knoxville Iron foundry in the 1870s and 1880s.
588:(501 Arthur Street), a two-story brick commercial structure with a two-tier porch, built circa 1910. This building was for many years home to a grocery store known as Bradley Food Market, and was most recently home to a restaurant.
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1875 (Dora Street is believed to have been named for Moses's sister, Dora Pearson Walker). The school was later renamed the Moses School, with the present building completed in 1930. Knoxville College, established in 1875 by the
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the construction of new homes. During the same period, a study on the blighting conditions in the neighborhood was conducted, culminating in the report, "A Redevelopment Plan for Historic Mechanicsville, Knoxville, Tennessee."
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stretched between what is now Arthur Street and Clark Street from Western Avenue to Fifth Avenue, as well as along Iredell and Pickett. Several Confederate batteries, which provided part of the artillery barrage during the
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407:(1828–1907), which was subsequently laid out in lots, and the new settlers began building houses. This new neighborhood, known as "McGhee's Addition," was the first successful Welsh colony in Tennessee.
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The combination of railroad construction and Northern financing led to a post-war economic boom in Knoxville, and it was during this period that dozens of factories were built along Second Creek. In 1867, 104
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Mechanicsville's National Register historic district comprises one of the oldest extant neighborhoods from Knoxville's post-Civil War expansion. Some of its Victorian houses exhibit distinctively
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576:(419 Arthur Street), a two-story Neoclassical-style firehall built in 1909. This building is Knoxville's oldest firehall, and was listed individually on the National Register in 1979.
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Knoxville Iron and other area factories. By the 1880s, Mechanicsville was surrounded by large factories and mills, and contained most of Knoxville's railroad maintenance shops.
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project near the commercial center of the neighborhood, northwest of Knoxville College. High crime rates continued to drive residents away, however, leaving many homes vacant.
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In 1997, the local public housing authority, Knoxville's Community Development Corporation (KCDC), received a $ 22 million HOPE VI grant from the
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on the east, Beaumont Avenue on the north, and Western Avenue (part of State Highway 62) on the west. Knoxville's downtown area, namely the
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Camp Van Dorn was located in Malcolm Martin Park, just west of Knoxville College, but his hypothesis was received with some skepticism.
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558:. The section of Old Mechanicsville along Calloway and Boyd contains Knoxville's largest concentration of early twentieth century
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Nissa Dahlin Brown, National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form for Mechanicsville Historic District, 4 March 1980.
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deteriorated as they were converted into low-rent apartments. College Homes, a public housing development, was built as an
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616:, a two-story brick commercial structure built circa 1900; wedge-shaped to fit the intersection of Deaderick and Carrick.
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Includes portions of University, Middle, Boyd, Arthur, McGhee, Clark, Oak, Deaderick, Tulip, Hannah, Western, and College
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470:(1871–1953), a leading black citizen and advocate for African-American rights in the early 1900s.
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A number of corporations have recently located offices and businesses in the area, including the
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forces occupying the city, Confederate lines criss-crossed the Mechanicsville area. Confederate
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746:. Knoxville-Knox County Historic Zoning Commission and Metropolitan Planning Commission. 2011.
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lies on the other side of I-40 to the south and the University of Tennessee just blocks away.
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Jack Neely, "While Away a Sunny Afternoon in One of Knoxville's Most Historic Neighborhoods."
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1474:‡This neighborhood also has portions in adjacent municipalities or unincorporated areas
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tradition in Knoxville is remembered through the Welsh descendants' celebration of
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as the Mechanicsville Historic District. The neighborhood was also designated as a
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
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In the early twentieth century, Mechanicsville developed into a primarily
783:(Knoxville, Tenn.: East Tennessee Historical Society, 1976), pp. 32, 243.
257:. In 1980, several dozen properties in Mechanicsville were added to the
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Divided Loyalties: Fort Sanders and the Civil War in East Tennessee
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historian Gary Goodson announced that he had determined that the
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799:(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 1963), p. 108.
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Preservation Works: Mayor's Task Force on Historic Preservation
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Populated places in Tennessee established by African Americans
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East Tennessee Historical Society, Lucile Deaderick (editor),
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National Register of Historic Places in Knoxville, Tennessee
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501 Arthur, formerly Bradley's Food Market, now a restaurant
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Queen Anne-style house at 1007 Oak Avenue, built circa 1890.
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The Old Atkin Street Church and Knoxville's Welsh Community
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Rehabilitated Queen Anne-style cottage at 415 Clark Street
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Mechanicsville, as it appeared on an 1886 map of Knoxville
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in 1991, subject to historic zoning and design standards.
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Knoxville-Knox County Metropolitan Planning Commission,
296:, and several early black entrepreneurs and professors.
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Heart of the Valley: A History of Knoxville, Tennessee
638:, a one-story Queen Anne-style cottage built in 1910.
741:"Mechanicsville Historic District Design Guidelines"
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influences uncommon in nearby neighborhoods such as
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596:Shotgun house at 1008 McGhee Avenue, built in 1910
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1497:African-American history in Knoxville, Tennessee
975:, 18 August 2000. Retrieved: 20 September 2010.
357:surrounded Knoxville in hopes of starving out
272:to the Second Creek valley, starting with the
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662:, a one-story shotgun house built circa 1910.
656:, a one-story shotgun house built circa 1900.
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500:Department of Housing and Urban Development
268:Post-Civil War railroad construction lured
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880:Mechanicsville Had to Push for Annexation
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37:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
947:HUD Mechanicsville Hope VI pressrelease
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886:, 4 June 2013. Retrieved: 4 June 2013.
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1502:Neighborhoods in Knoxville, Tennessee
304:Mechanicsville is roughly bounded by
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259:National Register of Historic Places
63:Fire Station No. 5 in Mechanicsville
1416:Roman Catholic Diocese of Knoxville
1400:Pellissippi State Community College
177:approximately 31 acres (13 ha)
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530:Mechanicsville Historic District
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29:Mechanicsville Historic District
1371:Christian Academy of Knoxville
905:. Retrieved: 7 September 2010.
869:. Retrieved: 7 September 2010.
865:. Originally published in the
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1359:Tennessee School for the Deaf
867:Knoxville Journal and Tribune
286:African-American neighborhood
115:Show map of the United States
991:— neighborhood website
816:Old Mechanicsville - History
332:parallel to I-40 and I-275.
18:United States historic place
1033:Divisions and Neighborhoods
328:portion of Mechanicsville.
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1479:is not in the city limits.
1477:Knoxville Christian School
829:Civil War Site Discovered?
818:. Retrieved: 18 June 2010.
520:Fort Sanders Health System
464:United Presbyterian Church
385:Post-Civil War development
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322:Fort Sanders neighborhood
294:Knoxville Medical College
220:NRHP reference
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198:Architectural style
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1388:University of Tennessee
1095:University of Tennessee
884:Knoxville News Sentinel
839:Knoxville News Sentinel
512:Cherokee Health Systems
508:Knoxville News-Sentinel
318:Southern Railway tracks
263:local historic district
1517:Welsh-American history
1452:Tennessee Amphitheater
1299:Knoxville Area Transit
1245:Northshore Town Center
896:The Welsh in Knoxville
795:Digby Gordon Seymour,
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368:Battle of Fort Sanders
274:Knoxville Iron Company
46:U.S. Historic district
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449:Moses School building
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245:is a neighborhood in
158:35.96861°N 83.93389°W
90:Show map of Tennessee
1304:McGhee Tyson Airport
1075:Oakwood-Lincoln Park
626:243 Deaderick Avenue
620:224 Deaderick Avenue
614:244 Deaderick Avenue
482:Mechanicsville today
131:Knoxville, Tennessee
1325:Knox County Schools
1309:Pellissippi Parkway
1289:James White Parkway
1085:Old North Knoxville
841:, January 17, 2007.
608:1545 Western Avenue
602:1524 Western Avenue
556:Old North Knoxville
163:35.96861; -83.93389
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989:Old Mechanicsville
971:2011-07-18 at the
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916:"John Leese Moses"
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654:1012 McGhee Avenue
648:1008 McGhee Avenue
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573:Fire Station No. 5
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468:Charles W. Cansler
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347:Siege of Knoxville
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1026:City of Knoxville
566:Notable buildings
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373:In 2006, amateur
290:Knoxville College
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1230:Cedar Bluff
1198:Lake Forest
1165:North Hills
1127:Morningside
1117:Five Points
1065:Marble City
1045:Emory Place
762:Metro Pulse
379:Confederate
351:Confederate
349:, in which
345:During the
161: /
137:Coordinates
1491:Categories
1340:Central HS
1335:Bearden HS
1266:West Hills
1250:Rocky Hill
1240:Lyons View
1208:Old Sevier
1150:Alice Bell
1107:Burlington
667:References
586:501 Arthur
544:Italianate
206:Italianate
202:Queen Anne
149:83°56′02″W
146:35°58′07″N
1447:Sunsphere
1425:Landmarks
1345:Fulton HS
1318:Education
1132:Parkridge
925:April 15,
524:Food City
516:Pilot Oil
375:Civil War
341:Civil War
251:Tennessee
247:Knoxville
190:Architect
1409:Religion
1393:template
1080:Old City
1060:Lonsdale
1040:Downtown
969:Archived
950:Archived
899:Archived
859:Archived
832:Archived
522:, and a
316:and the
314:Old City
300:Location
227:80003842
193:multiple
125:Location
1350:West HS
1225:Bearden
1170:Norwood
430:Suttree
427:novel,
363:pickets
336:History
278:foundry
214:Shotgun
1213:Vestal
1175:Powell
1160:Inskip
548:Gothic
744:(PDF)
359:Union
182:Built
927:2021
554:and
546:and
292:and
174:Area
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222:No.
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