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Mechanicsville, Knoxville

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582:(221 Arthur Street), a three-story brick school building constructed in 1930. A school has existed at this site since the establishment of the Fairview school in 1875. The school was known as the Ninth Ward School in the 1880s, but was eventually renamed for John L. Moses, who had donated the property for the school. The current school building now houses Knoxville's only charter School, Emerald Academy. Prior to the charter school the building housed a branch of the Knoxville Police Department Training Academy, and a local chapter of the Boys and Girls Club. 76: 423:
many of Mechanicsville's elaborate Victorian homes in the 1880s and 1890s. African-American factory workers settled primarily in the Middleton–Weatherford Addition, which was concentrated around what is now Calloway and Boyd streets. McAnally's Addition, commonly called McAnally Flats, consisted of the area south of Western Avenue, in the vicinity of Leslie Street Park. This latter section developed a reputation as a rough slum in later years, and provided the setting for part of the
101: 446: 593: 390: 535: 487: 59: 415: 253:, United States, located northwest of the city's downtown area. One of the city's oldest neighborhoods, Mechanicsville was established in the late 1860s for skilled laborers working in the many factories that sprang up along Knoxville's periphery. The neighborhood still contains a significant number of late-19th-century Victorian homes, and a notable concentration of early-20th-century 108: 83: 437:
schools, six general stores, and a greenhouse. Along with Knoxville Iron, factories located in and around Mechanicsville during this period included the Knoxville Brewing Company (on McGhee), the Standard Handle Company, the W. H. Evans and Son marble company, the Knoxville Car and Wheel Company, and the Greenleaf Turntable Manufactory.
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19th century neighborhood. In addition, KCDC purchased over 100 vacant lots throughout the neighborhood for new construction, which was also designed to fit in architecturally with the remaining neighborhood. Efforts were made to enable low income families from the area to rent or purchase these homes.
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Major community revitalization efforts in Mechanicsville began in the 1970s with the establishment of the preservation group Mechanicsville Citizens for a Better Community. In 1985, Knoxville created the Mechanicsville Task Force, which made recommendations on the rehabilitation of historic homes and
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Mechanicsville experienced a decline during the second half of the 20th century as Knoxville's middle class moved from urban areas to suburbs on the city's periphery. A number of old homes were demolished to make way for the construction of the expressway that would eventually become I-40, and others
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As the Welsh immigrant families became more successful, they established other businesses in Knoxville, and in subsequent decades, many Welsh dispersed into other sections of the city. Today, more than 250 families in greater Knoxville can trace their ancestry to these original immigrants. The Welsh
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In the early 20th century, Mechanicsville evolved into a prosperous neighborhood of African American businesses and working families, and remained so for several decades. One of the first African-American institutions in Mechanicsville was the Fairview School, built on land donated by John Moses in
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to revitalize the College Homes portion of the neighborhood. The families living in the College Homes barracks-style apartments were relocated and the housing project was demolished. The area was then rebuilt with single family and duplex homes designed to blend architecturally with remaining late
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As more factory specialists and laborers moved into the area, Mechanicsville began to grow. The Welsh community expanded to include an area known as the Deaderick–Swann Addition, which included much of modern Deaderick and Arthur streets, and adjacent streets. Residents in this section built
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In 1868, Civil War general-turned-entrepreneur Hiram S. Chamberlain and the Richards brothers established the Knoxville Iron Company, which erected a massive foundry and nail factory across Second Creek from McGhee's Addition (part of this complex, now known simply as "The Foundry," still stands).
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University Avenue divides Mechanicsville into "Old Mechanicsville," which consists of the neighborhood's older, southeastern section, and "New Mechanicsville," which consists of the more recently developed northern section. The 39-acre (16 ha) campus of Knoxville College dominates the western
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just southeast of Mechanicsville in 1868. In the 19th century, when the neighborhood acquired its name, the word "mechanic" typically referred to factory workers. Mechanicsville was developed during this period to provide housing for Welsh iron specialists and African-American laborers working at
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Mechanicsville residents voted to be annexed by Knoxville in 1882. Knoxville was initially lukewarm to the idea, but agreed to accept Mechanicsville as its Ninth Ward on January 1, 1883. At the time of its annexation, Mechanicsville reported a population of just over 2,000, three churches, two
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Second Creek, which attracted numerous factories and mills to the area in the late nineteenth century, passes just west of Mechanicsville. Railroad tracks (now used by the Southern Railway), which also attracted industry to the area, pass just south and east of Mechanicsville, running roughly
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families were brought to the area from Pennsylvania by the Welsh-born Richards brothers, Joseph and David, to work in a local rolling mill. The Richards brothers secured a tract of land in what is now Mechanicsville from railroad tycoon
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Chamberlain provided the business expertise, while the Richards brothers provided the technical expertise. Several houses in Mechanicsville still have fences made from iron cast at the Knoxville Iron foundry in the 1870s and 1880s.
588:(501 Arthur Street), a two-story brick commercial structure with a two-tier porch, built circa 1910. This building was for many years home to a grocery store known as Bradley Food Market, and was most recently home to a restaurant. 462:
1875 (Dora Street is believed to have been named for Moses's sister, Dora Pearson Walker). The school was later renamed the Moses School, with the present building completed in 1930. Knoxville College, established in 1875 by the
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the construction of new homes. During the same period, a study on the blighting conditions in the neighborhood was conducted, culminating in the report, "A Redevelopment Plan for Historic Mechanicsville, Knoxville, Tennessee."
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stretched between what is now Arthur Street and Clark Street from Western Avenue to Fifth Avenue, as well as along Iredell and Pickett. Several Confederate batteries, which provided part of the artillery barrage during the
1521: 1511: 407:(1828–1907), which was subsequently laid out in lots, and the new settlers began building houses. This new neighborhood, known as "McGhee's Addition," was the first successful Welsh colony in Tennessee. 397:
The combination of railroad construction and Northern financing led to a post-war economic boom in Knoxville, and it was during this period that dozens of factories were built along Second Creek. In 1867, 104
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Mechanicsville's National Register historic district comprises one of the oldest extant neighborhoods from Knoxville's post-Civil War expansion. Some of its Victorian houses exhibit distinctively
1496: 576:(419 Arthur Street), a two-story Neoclassical-style firehall built in 1909. This building is Knoxville's oldest firehall, and was listed individually on the National Register in 1979. 281:
Knoxville Iron and other area factories. By the 1880s, Mechanicsville was surrounded by large factories and mills, and contained most of Knoxville's railroad maintenance shops.
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project near the commercial center of the neighborhood, northwest of Knoxville College. High crime rates continued to drive residents away, however, leaving many homes vacant.
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In 1997, the local public housing authority, Knoxville's Community Development Corporation (KCDC), received a $ 22 million HOPE VI grant from the
317: 45: 831: 466:, remained the city's primary black institution throughout the first half of the 20th century. Cansler Street in Mechanicsville is named for 463: 321: 312:
on the east, Beaumont Avenue on the north, and Western Avenue (part of State Highway 62) on the west. Knoxville's downtown area, namely the
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Camp Van Dorn was located in Malcolm Martin Park, just west of Knoxville College, but his hypothesis was received with some skepticism.
1009: 262: 558:. The section of Old Mechanicsville along Calloway and Boyd contains Knoxville's largest concentration of early twentieth century 1392: 898: 858: 320:, lie opposite I-40 to the southeast. The North Knoxville area lies east of I-275, and the Lonsdale area lies to the north. The 1516: 1334: 968: 1375: 1370: 1344: 949: 730:
Nissa Dahlin Brown, National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form for Mechanicsville Historic District, 4 March 1980.
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deteriorated as they were converted into low-rent apartments. College Homes, a public housing development, was built as an
1358: 1044: 1002: 378: 350: 285: 879: 616:, a two-story brick commercial structure built circa 1900; wedge-shaped to fit the intersection of Deaderick and Carrick. 128:
Includes portions of University, Middle, Boyd, Arthur, McGhee, Clark, Oak, Deaderick, Tulip, Hannah, Western, and College
1136: 1244: 815: 1192: 1187: 547: 519: 209: 644:, a two-story Queen Anne-style house with an Eastlake-style front porch and a decorated iron fence, built circa 1890. 610:, a two-story brick Victorian-style commercial structure built circa 1900; formerly home to Western Heights Hardware. 1476: 1054: 358: 309: 1431: 1254: 1234: 1111: 1089: 293: 1380: 1154: 1121: 511: 1441: 1387: 1329: 1259: 1126: 1116: 1094: 1064: 1049: 543: 507: 205: 1239: 1207: 1149: 1106: 1451: 1298: 1229: 1197: 622:, a two-story house with Gothic Revival elements and a bay window with a sunburst motif, built circa 1900. 404: 367: 273: 1265: 1249: 470:(1871–1953), a leading black citizen and advocate for African-American rights in the early 1900s. 1212: 1159: 828: 389: 1436: 1303: 1131: 1074: 1025: 455: 313: 246: 130: 1324: 1308: 1288: 1084: 1079: 1059: 555: 1224: 1169: 1039: 506:
A number of corporations have recently located offices and businesses in the area, including the
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forces occupying the city, Confederate lines criss-crossed the Mechanicsville area. Confederate
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lies on the other side of I-40 to the south and the University of Tennessee just blocks away.
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Jack Neely, "While Away a Sunny Afternoon in One of Knoxville's Most Historic Neighborhoods."
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tradition in Knoxville is remembered through the Welsh descendants' celebration of
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as the Mechanicsville Historic District. The neighborhood was also designated as a
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
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In the early twentieth century, Mechanicsville developed into a primarily
783:(Knoxville, Tenn.: East Tennessee Historical Society, 1976), pp. 32, 243. 257:. In 1980, several dozen properties in Mechanicsville were added to the 429: 277: 370:, were situated in the hills where Knoxville College is now located. 994: 797:
Divided Loyalties: Fort Sanders and the Civil War in East Tennessee
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historian Gary Goodson announced that he had determined that the
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Preservation Works: Mayor's Task Force on Historic Preservation
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Populated places in Tennessee established by African Americans
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East Tennessee Historical Society, Lucile Deaderick (editor),
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National Register of Historic Places in Knoxville, Tennessee
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501 Arthur, formerly Bradley's Food Market, now a restaurant
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Queen Anne-style house at 1007 Oak Avenue, built circa 1890.
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The Old Atkin Street Church and Knoxville's Welsh Community
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Rehabilitated Queen Anne-style cottage at 415 Clark Street
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Mechanicsville, as it appeared on an 1886 map of Knoxville
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in 1991, subject to historic zoning and design standards.
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Knoxville-Knox County Metropolitan Planning Commission,
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Heart of the Valley: A History of Knoxville, Tennessee
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influences uncommon in nearby neighborhoods such as
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Retrieved: 20 September 2010. 357:surrounded Knoxville in hopes of starving out 272:to the Second Creek valley, starting with the 1010: 662:, a one-story shotgun house built circa 1910. 656:, a one-story shotgun house built circa 1900. 8: 775: 773: 771: 500:Department of Housing and Urban Development 268:Post-Civil War railroad construction lured 1017: 1003: 995: 650:, a one-story shotgun house built in 1910. 628:, a two-story Queen Anne-style house with 57: 880:Mechanicsville Had to Push for Annexation 811: 809: 807: 805: 288:, and was home to the historically black 37:U.S. National Register of Historic Places 947:HUD Mechanicsville Hope VI pressrelease 851: 849: 847: 791: 789: 755: 753: 726: 724: 722: 720: 718: 716: 714: 712: 710: 708: 706: 704: 702: 700: 698: 696: 672: 942: 940: 938: 936: 886:, 4 June 2013. Retrieved: 4 June 2013. 694: 692: 690: 688: 686: 684: 682: 680: 678: 676: 20: 1502:Neighborhoods in Knoxville, Tennessee 304:Mechanicsville is roughly bounded by 7: 259:National Register of Historic Places 63:Fire Station No. 5 in Mechanicsville 1416:Roman Catholic Diocese of Knoxville 1400:Pellissippi State Community College 177:approximately 31 acres (13 ha) 14: 530:Mechanicsville Historic District 106: 99: 81: 74: 29:Mechanicsville Historic District 1371:Christian Academy of Knoxville 905:. Retrieved: 7 September 2010. 869:. Retrieved: 7 September 2010. 865:. Originally published in the 221: 1: 1359:Tennessee School for the Deaf 867:Knoxville Journal and Tribune 286:African-American neighborhood 115:Show map of the United States 991:— neighborhood website 816:Old Mechanicsville - History 332:parallel to I-40 and I-275. 18:United States historic place 1033:Divisions and Neighborhoods 328:portion of Mechanicsville. 1538: 1479:is not in the city limits. 1477:Knoxville Christian School 829:Civil War Site Discovered? 818:. Retrieved: 18 June 2010. 520:Fort Sanders Health System 464:United Presbyterian Church 385:Post-Civil War development 1472: 322:Fort Sanders neighborhood 294:Knoxville Medical College 220:NRHP reference  68: 56: 52: 43: 34: 27: 23: 632:porch, built circa 1890. 276:, which built a massive 208:, Victorian commercial, 198:Architectural style 1442:Knoxville Museum of Art 1388:University of Tennessee 1095:University of Tennessee 884:Knoxville News Sentinel 839:Knoxville News Sentinel 512:Cherokee Health Systems 508:Knoxville News-Sentinel 318:Southern Railway tracks 263:local historic district 1517:Welsh-American history 1452:Tennessee Amphitheater 1299:Knoxville Area Transit 1245:Northshore Town Center 896:The Welsh in Knoxville 795:Digby Gordon Seymour, 597: 539: 491: 450: 419: 405:Charles McClung McGhee 394: 368:Battle of Fort Sanders 274:Knoxville Iron Company 46:U.S. Historic district 1376:Knoxville Catholic HS 595: 537: 489: 449:Moses School building 448: 417: 392: 245:is a neighborhood in 158:35.96861°N 83.93389°W 90:Show map of Tennessee 1304:McGhee Tyson Airport 1075:Oakwood-Lincoln Park 626:243 Deaderick Avenue 620:224 Deaderick Avenue 614:244 Deaderick Avenue 482:Mechanicsville today 131:Knoxville, Tennessee 1325:Knox County Schools 1309:Pellissippi Parkway 1289:James White Parkway 1085:Old North Knoxville 841:, January 17, 2007. 608:1545 Western Avenue 602:1524 Western Avenue 556:Old North Knoxville 163:35.96861; -83.93389 154: /  989:Old Mechanicsville 971:2011-07-18 at the 952:2007-03-01 at the 916:"John Leese Moses" 834:2011-07-13 at the 654:1012 McGhee Avenue 648:1008 McGhee Avenue 598: 573:Fire Station No. 5 540: 492: 468:Charles W. Cansler 451: 420: 395: 347:Siege of Knoxville 1484: 1483: 1459:Tennessee Theatre 1437:World's Fair Park 1137:Strawberry Plains 1026:City of Knoxville 566:Notable buildings 456:Saint David's Day 373:In 2006, amateur 290:Knoxville College 240: 239: 1529: 1366:Berean Christian 1203:Lindbergh Forest 1193:Island Home Park 1188:Colonial Village 1090:South Waterfront 1019: 1012: 1005: 996: 976: 962: 956: 944: 931: 930: 928: 926: 920:geni_family_tree 912: 906: 893: 887: 878:Robert Booker, " 876: 870: 853: 842: 825: 819: 813: 800: 793: 784: 777: 766: 757: 748: 747: 745: 737: 731: 728: 660:1509 Boyd Street 636:415 Clark Street 355:James Longstreet 223: 169: 168: 166: 165: 164: 159: 155: 152: 151: 150: 147: 116: 110: 109: 103: 91: 85: 84: 78: 61: 21: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1528: 1527: 1526: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1468: 1420: 1404: 1313: 1272: 1183:South Knoxville 1145:North Knoxville 1055:Fourth and Gill 1028: 1023: 985: 980: 979: 973:Wayback Machine 963: 959: 954:Wayback Machine 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Index

U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district

Mechanicsville, Knoxville is located in Tennessee
Mechanicsville, Knoxville is located in the United States
Knoxville, Tennessee
35°58′07″N 83°56′02″W / 35.96861°N 83.93389°W / 35.96861; -83.93389
Queen Anne
Italianate
Gothic Revival
Shotgun
80003842
Knoxville
Tennessee
shotgun houses
National Register of Historic Places
local historic district
heavy industry
Knoxville Iron Company
foundry
African-American neighborhood
Knoxville College
Knoxville Medical College
Interstate 40
Interstate 275
Old City
Southern Railway tracks
Fort Sanders neighborhood
Siege of Knoxville
Confederate

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