49:
3110:
4435:
3512:
2253:
sufficiently apparent to justify the introduction of one based on the electro-magnetic system, viz. the heat generated in one second by the current of an Ampère flowing through the resistance of an Ohm. In absolute measure its value is 10 C.G.S. units, and, assuming Joule's equivalent as 42,000,000, it is the heat necessary to raise 0.238 grammes of water 1° Centigrade, or, approximately, the
4459:
3151:
622:
4471:
4447:
431:
3034:
physical considerations; in a given situation some forms may be more helpful than others. In practice, with certain quantities, preference is given to the use of certain special unit names, or combinations of unit names, to facilitate the distinction between different quantities having the same dimension.
2252:
The unit of heat has hitherto been taken variously as the heat required to raise a pound of water at the freezing-point through 1° Fahrenheit or
Centigrade, or, again, the heat necessary to raise a kilogramme of water 1° Centigrade. The inconvenience of a unit so entirely arbitrary is
3033:
A derived unit can often be expressed in different ways by combining base units with derived units having special names. Joule, for example, may formally be written newton metre, or kilogram metre squared per second squared. This, however, is an algebraic freedom to be governed by common sense
855:). Joule died in the same year, on 11 October 1889. At the fourth congress (1893), the "international ampere" and "international ohm" were defined, with slight changes in the specifications for their measurement, with the "international joule" being the unit derived from them.
1950:, but has not given the unit of torque any special name, hence it is simply the newton-metre (N⋅m) – a compound name derived from its constituent parts. The use of newton-metres for torque but joules for energy is helpful to avoid misunderstandings and miscommunication.
2709:
2608:
617:{\displaystyle {\begin{alignedat}{3}\mathrm {J} \;&=~\mathrm {kg{\cdot }m^{2}{\cdot }s^{-2}} \\&=~\mathrm {N{\cdot }m} \\&=~\mathrm {Pa{\cdot }m^{3}} \\&=~\mathrm {W{\cdot }s} \\&=~\mathrm {C{\cdot }V} \\\end{alignedat}}}
2273:
th of the kilogramme of water raised 1° Centigrade. Such a heat unit, if found acceptable, might with great propriety, I think, be called the Joule, after the man who has done so much to develop the dynamical theory of
2060:. While the watt-second is equivalent to the joule in both units and meaning, there are some contexts in which the term "watt-second" is used instead of "joule", such as in the rating of photographic
2856:
2620:
436:
2000:
2525:
839:"Such a heat unit, if found acceptable, might with great propriety, I think, be called the Joule, after the man who has done so much to develop the dynamical theory of heat."
808:
909:
The definition of the joule as J = kg⋅m⋅s has remained unchanged since 1946, but the joule as a derived unit has inherited changes in the definitions of the
871:
886:. The joule was explicitly intended as the unit of energy to be used in both electromagnetic and mechanical contexts. The ratification of the definition at the ninth
2473:
2739:
3046:
3016:
2080:
3487:
1939:
887:
2775:
859:
3548:
2499:
2166:
4168:
4212:
3887:
3069:
2365:
2103:
1654:
395:
3012:
2451:
2125:
4354:
419:
3203:
3063:
2435:
2097:
796:
355:
325:
2931:, FAO/WHO Ad Hoc Committee of Experts on Energy and Protein, 1971. A report on the changeover from calories to joules in nutrition.
4295:
3393:
2970:
2336:
9th CGPM, Resolution 3: Triple point of water; thermodynamic scale with a single fixed point; unit of quantity of heat (joule).
4475:
4305:
3497:
3140:
2981:
2746:
2202:
64:
3141:
4497:
3212:
2477:
1743:
903:
768:
371:
3835:
1083:
3653:
3175:
1972:
1474:
every second in full daylight. A human in a sprint has approximately 3 kJ of kinetic energy, while a cheetah in a
4394:
3541:
1666:
1578:
2750:
3092:
2812:
2184:
843:
At the second
International Electrical Congress, on 31 August 1889, the joule was officially adopted alongside the
4502:
4300:
4158:
3820:
3765:
3745:
3740:
4507:
4229:
3573:
3451:
1700:
1506:
of liquid water at constant pressure from 0 °C (32 °F) to 100 °C (212 °F) is approximately
986:
1413:. The minimal energy needed to change a bit of data in computation at around room temperature – approximately
2786:
4389:
4374:
3770:
3750:
3492:
2193:
2013:
922:
3171:
2704:{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}\cdot 35~{\text{kg}}\cdot \left(35~{\text{m/s}}\right)^{2}=21,400~{\text{J}}}
3902:
3798:
3725:
3715:
3596:
3534:
3196:
1662:
31:
2721:"Energy Units – Energy Explained, Your Guide To Understanding Energy – Energy Information Administration"
2603:{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}\cdot 70~{\text{kg}}\cdot \left(10~{\text{m/s}}\right)^{2}=3500~{\text{J}}}
2129:
3842:
3633:
2782:
2720:
1449:
874:
in 1946. The joule was now no longer defined based on electromagnetic unit, but instead as the unit of
1969:
of a force vector and a distance vector. Torque and energy are related to one another by the equation
4290:
4263:
4241:
4148:
4081:
3830:
3760:
3705:
2352:
2241:
2024:). Since plane angles are dimensionless, it follows that torque and energy have the same dimensions.
1935:
1462:
Nutritional food labels in most countries express energy in kilojoules (kJ). One square metre of the
945:
835:(1818–1889), at the time retired but still living (aged 63), followed the recommendation of Siemens:
832:
804:
764:
403:
254:
97:
4369:
4312:
4234:
4207:
3892:
3755:
3730:
3477:
2503:
2061:
1696:
1498:
1477:
4458:
3050:
2838:
2084:
4451:
4349:
4327:
4317:
4153:
2286:
783:
becomes capitalised at the beginning of a sentence and in titles but is otherwise in lower case.
3020:
4251:
4076:
3937:
3897:
3867:
3852:
3825:
3735:
3638:
3578:
3568:
3515:
3401:
3189:
3059:
2848:
2459:
2431:
2361:
2198:
2093:
1910:
1495:
The megajoule is approximately the kinetic energy of a one megagram (tonne) vehicle moving at
867:
2903:
4410:
4384:
4379:
4359:
4344:
4185:
4175:
3955:
3882:
3618:
2928:
2247:
Report of the Fifty-Second
Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science
1962:
1954:
1725:
by 1 °C, assuming properties similar to those of pure water. The thermal output of the
1591:
1031:
1017:
387:
335:
304:
2500:"Construction of a Composite Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) Time Series from 1978 to present"
48:
4439:
4420:
4334:
4101:
4016:
3872:
3862:
3847:
3805:
3710:
3660:
3611:
3268:
2941:
2843:
2811:
Bonnie
Berkowitz; Laris Karklis; Reuben Fischer-Baum; Chiqui Esteban (11 September 2017).
2398:
1534:
890:, in 1948, added the specification that the joule was also to be preferred as the unit of
863:
752:
737:
748:
of one volt, or one coulomb-volt (C⋅V). This relationship can be used to define the volt.
3013:"Units with special names and symbols; units that incorporate special names and symbols"
2878:
2301:
1707:. The energy to raise the temperature of Earth's atmosphere 1 °C is approximately
4415:
4364:
4339:
4143:
4108:
4041:
4031:
3947:
3927:
3922:
3907:
3877:
3857:
3815:
3793:
3775:
3675:
3665:
3601:
3421:
3353:
3156:
2217:
2188:
1604:
1596:
1435:
1418:
1049:
1038:
The energy required to lift an apple up 1 m, assuming the apple has a mass of 101.97 g.
1001:
875:
375:
3109:
2052:
equivalent to the joule. The watt-second is the energy equivalent to the power of one
1066:
The food energy (kcal) in slightly more than half of an ordinary-sized sugar crystal (
862:(as the successor organisation of the International Electrical Congress) adopted the "
4491:
4463:
4322:
4282:
4246:
4202:
4128:
4091:
4009:
3932:
3700:
3695:
3648:
3628:
3482:
3406:
3343:
3333:
2424:
1966:
1678:
1640:
1612:
1562:
1546:
1514:
1482:
879:
756:
690:
680:
415:
379:
206:
2985:
2263:
th part of the arbitrary unit of a pound of water raised 1° Fahrenheit and the
4219:
4163:
4113:
4096:
3917:
3690:
3623:
3426:
3383:
3368:
3323:
3303:
3220:
2045:
1927:
1866:
1722:
1542:
1410:
852:
775:
letter (J), but when written in full, it follows the rules for capitalisation of a
276:
129:
2167:"NIST Guide to the SI, Chapter 4: The Two Classes of SI Units and the SI Prefixes"
3139:
2837:
Rathbone, John-Paul; Fontanella-Khan, James; Rovnick, Naomi (11 September 2017).
386:
in the direction of that force. It is also the energy dissipated as heat when an
4224:
4190:
4064:
4054:
3997:
3980:
3965:
3912:
3810:
3298:
3253:
1958:
940:
895:
870:
also implied a redefinition of the joule. The Giorgi system was approved by the
776:
2945:
2245:
1721:
The yottajoule is a little less than the amount of energy required to heat the
1691:
The zettajoule is somewhat more than the amount of energy required to heat the
4258:
4180:
4118:
4086:
4026:
3720:
2969:
Marc Herant; Stirling A. Colgate; Willy Benz; Chris Fryer (October 25, 1997).
1850:
1692:
1636:
1574:
792:
772:
2852:
2740:"Report LA-8819: The yields of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear explosions"
759:, which is 3.6 megajoules). This relationship can be used to define the watt.
4268:
4195:
4069:
4049:
4021:
3960:
3363:
3278:
3114:
1872:
1584:
1569:
1538:
1529:
1509:
1069:
949:
4004:
3985:
3970:
3670:
3243:
2316:
1631:
1471:
1024:
1007:
979:
918:
650:
155:
137:
17:
3159:
was created from a revision of this article dated 6 March 2024
2360:(9th ed.), International Bureau of Weights and Measures, Dec 2022,
1045:
required to raise the temperature of 0.239 g of water from 0 °C to 1 °C.
4138:
3680:
3431:
3416:
3358:
3288:
3283:
3233:
2380:
1931:
1840:
1785:
1452:(LHC) produces collisions of the microjoule order (7 TeV) per particle.
953:
937:
The typical energy released as heat by a person at rest every 1/60 s (~
899:
745:
741:
710:
229:
2334:
2144:, Second College Edition (1985). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., p. 691.
30:
This article is about the unit of energy or work. For other uses, see
3685:
3606:
3557:
3446:
3348:
3258:
3238:
3228:
2057:
2049:
2021:
1943:
1880:
969:
910:
820:
670:
391:
367:
196:
145:
79:
2898:
2896:
53:
Intuitive representation of the joule as the work of a motive force
3461:
3456:
3441:
3318:
3308:
3293:
3248:
2847:. New York (Rathbone), Miami (Fontanella-Khan), London (Rovnick).
1926:
A result of this similarity is that the SI unit for torque is the
1876:
1643:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 PJ.
1615:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 TJ.
1549:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 GJ.
1517:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 MJ.
1485:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 kJ.
1463:
993:
914:
883:
660:
383:
141:
2910:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 19 August 2020
1965:
and a displacement vector. By contrast, torque is a vector – the
4059:
3992:
3975:
3643:
3436:
3378:
3373:
2053:
1905:
1042:
1011:
962:
891:
844:
816:
720:
700:
192:
3530:
3185:
3411:
3338:
3328:
1953:
The distinction may be seen also in the fact that energy is a
1726:
824:
800:
399:
170:
2306:. New York: American Institute of Electrical Engineers. 1894.
1748:
1 joule is equal to (approximately unless otherwise stated):
866:
system", which by virtue of assuming a defined value for the
344:
313:
3137:
1681:
of electricity, or any other form of energy, is 3.6 EJ.
3181:
1879:(in some direction) has a close analogue in the concept of
69:
1056:
human moving very slowly (0.2 m/s or 0.72 km/h).
878:
performed by one unit of force (at the time not yet named
341:
310:
3526:
2128:, Online Edition (2009). Houghton Mifflin Co., hosted by
2881:(Report). International Energy Agency. 2022. p. 239
2839:"A weakened Irma unleashes more damage on Florida coast"
402:
for one second. It is named after the
English physicist
2318:
CIPM, 1946, Resolution 2, Definitions of electric units
2197:(revised ed.), New York: Wiley, pp. 516–517,
1481:(76 mph) sprint has approximately 20 kJ. One
2625:
2530:
1635:
of TNT, which is the amount of energy released by the
732:
One joule is also equivalent to any of the following:
2623:
2528:
1975:
434:
356:
326:
2430:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
2303:
2126:
American
Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1938:
as the joule, but they are not interchangeable. The
347:
316:
4403:
4279:
4127:
4040:
3946:
3786:
3587:
3470:
3392:
3267:
3219:
2288:
A chronological history of the modern metric system
771:unit named for a person, its symbol starts with an
338:
307:
272:
250:
225:
202:
176:
151:
125:
103:
93:
85:
75:
63:
58:
41:
2703:
2602:
2423:
2156:, Fifth Edition (1997). McGraw-Hill, Inc., p. 224.
1994:
809:British Association for the Advancement of Science
755:for one second, or one watt-second (W⋅s) (compare
616:
2776:"International Space Station Final Configuration"
2474:"You Say Calorie, We Say Kilojoule: Who's Right?"
902:. This is the definition declared in the modern
795:had been declared official in 1881, at the first
2422:Ristinen, Robert A.; Kraushaar, Jack J. (2006).
1780:Units with exact equivalents in joules include:
1661:of energy according to its rating of 9.0 on the
1063:tennis ball moving at 6 m/s (22 km/h).
898:, thereby officially deprecating the use of the
872:International Committee for Weights and Measures
807:, in his inauguration speech as chairman of the
819:, to be derived from the electromagnetic units
3150:
1566:(which is often used in energy tables). About
3542:
3197:
1695:by 1 °C, assuming properties similar to
1673:, and the world final energy consumption was
8:
3047:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
3017:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
2250:. Southampton. pp. 1–33. pp. 6–7:
2081:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
1607:was estimated to have a peak wind energy of
1502:(100 mph). The energy required to heat
959:The amount of electricity required to run a
3488:Historical definitions of the SI base units
2904:"Volumes of the World's Oceans from ETOPO1"
1639:, the largest man-made explosion ever. One
803:was adopted as its unit of energy in 1882.
382:displaces a mass through a distance of one
3549:
3535:
3527:
3204:
3190:
3182:
1940:General Conference on Weights and Measures
888:General Conference on Weights and Measures
444:
47:
38:
2929:The adoption of joules as units of energy
2696:
2675:
2665:
2645:
2624:
2622:
2595:
2580:
2570:
2550:
2529:
2527:
2218:"What Is a Joule? - Chemistry Definition"
1988:
1974:
860:International Electrotechnical Commission
751:The work required to produce one watt of
601:
597:
575:
571:
551:
542:
535:
513:
509:
486:
477:
471:
462:
455:
439:
435:
433:
3167:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
3007:
3005:
2399:"Units of Heat – BTU, Calorie and Joule"
1885:
1088:
627:
2813:"Analysis – How Big Is Hurricane Irma?"
2072:
1537:of combusting 1 barrel (159 L) of
4169:Integrated gasification combined cycle
3052:The International System of Units (SI)
2086:The International System of Units (SI)
1795:1 International Table calorie = 4.1868
933:One joule represents (approximately):
831:. The naming of the unit in honour of
4213:Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
3888:Quantum chromodynamics binding energy
1409:160 zeptojoules is about 1
1097:
1094:
7:
4446:
3058:(8th ed.), pp. 39–40, 53,
976:The energy required to accelerate a
811:(23 August 1882) first proposed the
4470:
4355:World energy supply and consumption
420:SI derived units with special names
2859:from the original on 4 August 2024
1776:23.7304 ft⋅pdl (foot-poundal)
1655:2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
1395:Common multiples are in bold face
606:
598:
580:
572:
548:
539:
536:
518:
510:
483:
468:
459:
456:
440:
372:International System of Units (SI)
25:
2354:The International System of Units
2154:McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Physics
1995:{\displaystyle E=\tau \theta \,,}
797:International Electrical Congress
107:
4469:
4457:
4445:
4434:
4433:
3511:
3510:
3149:
3108:
2142:The American Heritage Dictionary
1773:0.737562 ft⋅lb (foot-pound)
334:
303:
180:
3075:from the original on 2021-06-04
2291:, metricationmatters.com, 2009.
2109:from the original on 2021-06-04
1806:W⋅h = 3,600 J; 3.6 kJ
1581:, with a mass of approximately
746:electrical potential difference
374:. It is equal to the amount of
3498:System of units of measurement
2982:Los Alamos National Laboratory
2747:Los Alamos National Laboratory
2738:Malik, John (September 1985).
1:
3113:The dictionary definition of
2950:Feynman's Lectures on Physics
2092:(8th ed.), p. 120,
1744:Conversion of units of energy
1082:For additional examples, see
904:International System of Units
827:, in cgs units equivalent to
736:The work required to move an
230:kilocalories (thermochemical)
1084:Orders of magnitude (energy)
1579:International Space Station
4526:
2971:"Neutrinos and Supernovae"
2426:Energy and the Environment
1864:
1741:
1573:of energy was released by
1090:SI multiples of joule (J)
1081:
422:, the joule is defined as
29:
4429:
4159:Fossil fuel power station
3821:Electric potential energy
3766:Thermodynamic temperature
3746:Thermodynamic free energy
3741:Thermodynamic equilibrium
3564:
3506:
2879:World Energy Outlook 2022
1541:. 2 GJ is about the
1394:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
882:) over the distance of 1
763:The joule is named after
378:done when a force of one
121:
46:
4230:Concentrated solar power
3452:minute and second of arc
3093:"What Is A Watt Second?"
1701:world energy consumption
1588:and orbital velocity of
1059:The kinetic energy of a
913:(in 1960 and 1967), the
3771:Volume (thermodynamics)
3751:Thermodynamic potential
3654:Mass–energy equivalence
3493:2019 revision of the SI
2194:Fundamentals of Physics
2020:is the angle swept (in
1861:Newton-metre and torque
1667:U.S. energy consumption
1559:The terajoule is about
3726:Quantum thermodynamics
3716:Laws of thermodynamics
3597:Conservation of energy
3145:
3125:Listen to this article
2705:
2604:
2062:electronic flash units
1996:
1942:has given the unit of
1663:moment magnitude scale
990:through a distance of
618:
32:Joule (disambiguation)
3843:Interatomic potential
3634:Energy transformation
3144:
2783:European Space Agency
2706:
2605:
1997:
1756:10 erg (exactly)
1450:Large Hadron Collider
1438:of a flying mosquito.
619:
4498:James Prescott Joule
4291:Efficient energy use
4264:Airborne wind energy
4242:Solar thermal energy
4149:Electricity delivery
3761:Thermodynamic system
3706:Irreversible process
3394:Other accepted units
3176:More spoken articles
2621:
2526:
2242:Siemens, Cal Wilhelm
1973:
1883:(about some angle):
1823: J; 3.6 MJ
948:); about 5,000
946:basal metabolic rate
833:James Prescott Joule
765:James Prescott Joule
432:
404:James Prescott Joule
98:James Prescott Joule
4313:Energy conservation
4235:Photovoltaic system
4208:Nuclear power plant
3893:Quantum fluctuation
3756:Thermodynamic state
3731:Thermal equilibrium
3478:Conversion of units
2978:Los Alamos Sciences
2403:Engineering Toolbox
1697:those of pure water
1669:amounts to roughly
1468:1.4 kilojoules
1091:
1028:mass travelling at
116:... is equal to ...
59:General information
4350:Sustainable energy
4328:Energy development
4318:Energy consumption
4154:Energy engineering
3271:with special names
3146:
2756:on 11 October 2009
2701:
2634:
2600:
2539:
2456:public.web.cern.ch
2056:sustained for one
1992:
1930:, which works out
1626:210 petajoule
1432:160 nanojoule
1417:– is given by the
1089:
929:Practical examples
917:(in 1983) and the
894:in the context of
851:(later renamed to
614:
612:
282:
274:
260:
252:
235:
227:
212:
204:
186:
178:
161:
153:
135:
127:
4485:
4484:
4252:Solar power tower
3898:Quantum potential
3736:Thermal reservoir
3639:Energy transition
3524:
3523:
3402:astronomical unit
3142:
2699:
2695:
2668:
2664:
2648:
2644:
2633:
2598:
2594:
2573:
2569:
2553:
2549:
2538:
2381:"SI Redefinition"
2367:978-92-822-2272-0
1934:to have the same
1924:
1923:
1911:Moment of inertia
1875:, the concept of
1784:1 thermochemical
1729:is approximately
1703:is approximately
1399:
1398:
868:magnetic constant
730:
729:
726:
725:
596:
570:
534:
508:
454:
394:passes through a
366:) is the unit of
295:
294:
104:Conversions
27:SI unit of energy
16:(Redirected from
4515:
4503:SI derived units
4473:
4472:
4461:
4449:
4448:
4437:
4436:
4411:Carbon footprint
4345:Renewable energy
4186:Hydroelectricity
4176:Geothermal power
3619:Energy condition
3551:
3544:
3537:
3528:
3514:
3513:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3183:
3166:
3164:
3153:
3152:
3143:
3133:
3131:
3126:
3112:
3097:
3096:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3074:
3057:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3030:
3028:
3019:. Archived from
3009:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2990:
2984:. Archived from
2975:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2946:"Physical Units"
2942:Feynman, Richard
2938:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2900:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2791:
2785:. Archived from
2780:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2755:
2749:. Archived from
2744:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2626:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2540:
2531:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2502:. Archived from
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2476:. Archived from
2470:
2464:
2463:
2458:. Archived from
2452:"Physics – CERN"
2448:
2442:
2441:
2429:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2395:
2389:
2388:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2359:
2349:
2343:
2332:
2326:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2298:
2292:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2130:Yahoo! Education
2123:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2108:
2091:
2077:
2016:of) torque, and
2014:vector magnitude
2001:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1886:
1856:
1849:
1839:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1818:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1769:
1762:
1755:
1732:
1718:
1717:
1710:
1706:
1688:
1687:
1676:
1672:
1660:
1650:
1649:
1634:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1610:
1602:
1594:
1587:
1572:
1565:
1556:
1555:
1532:
1524:
1523:
1512:
1505:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1480:
1469:
1459:
1458:
1445:
1444:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1416:
1406:
1405:
1092:
1072:
1062:
1055:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1010:
996:
989:
982:
972:
965:
943:
830:
767:. As with every
628:
623:
621:
620:
615:
613:
609:
605:
594:
587:
583:
579:
568:
561:
557:
556:
555:
546:
532:
525:
521:
517:
506:
499:
495:
494:
493:
481:
476:
475:
466:
452:
443:
425:
424:
418:and in terms of
388:electric current
359:
354:
353:
350:
349:
346:
343:
340:
329:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
312:
309:
291:
289:
283:
275:
268:
266:
261:
253:
246:
241:
236:
228:
221:
219:
213:
205:
190:
187:
179:
169:
167:
162:
154:
136:
128:
51:
39:
21:
4525:
4524:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4508:Units of energy
4488:
4487:
4486:
4481:
4425:
4421:Waste-to-energy
4399:
4335:Energy security
4281:
4275:
4131:
4123:
4102:Natural uranium
4036:
4017:Mechanical wave
3948:Energy carriers
3942:
3782:
3711:Isolated system
3589:
3583:
3560:
3555:
3525:
3520:
3502:
3483:Metric prefixes
3466:
3388:
3270:
3263:
3215:
3210:
3180:
3179:
3168:
3162:
3160:
3157:This audio file
3154:
3147:
3138:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3105:
3100:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3066:
3055:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3026:
3024:
3023:on 28 June 2009
3011:
3010:
3003:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2954:
2952:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2911:
2902:
2901:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2862:
2860:
2844:Financial Times
2836:
2835:
2831:
2821:
2819:
2817:Washington Post
2810:
2809:
2805:
2795:
2793:
2792:on 21 July 2011
2789:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2742:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2658:
2654:
2653:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2509:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2481:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2438:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2407:
2405:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2333:
2329:
2315:
2311:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2284:
2280:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2244:(August 1882).
2240:
2239:
2235:
2226:
2224:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2189:Resnick, Robert
2185:Halliday, David
2183:
2182:
2178:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2152:
2148:
2140:
2136:
2124:
2120:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2089:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2030:
1971:
1970:
1957:quantity – the
1869:
1863:
1854:
1847:
1843:= 4.184 GJ
1837:
1831:
1827:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1767:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1740:
1730:
1715:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1699:. Human annual
1685:
1684:
1674:
1670:
1658:
1647:
1646:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1608:
1600:
1589:
1582:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1552:
1535:chemical energy
1527:
1521:
1520:
1507:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1488:
1475:
1472:solar radiation
1467:
1466:receives about
1456:
1455:
1442:
1441:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1414:
1403:
1402:
1087:
1080:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1005:
991:
984:
977:
967:
960:
938:
931:
828:
805:Wilhelm Siemens
789:
738:electric charge
611:
610:
585:
584:
559:
558:
547:
523:
522:
497:
496:
482:
467:
445:
430:
429:
412:
357:
337:
333:
327:
306:
302:
287:
285:
281:
273:
264:
262:
259:
251:
245:
239:
237:
234:
226:
217:
215:
211:
203:
188:
185:
177:
165:
163:
160:
152:
134:
126:
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4490:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4467:
4455:
4443:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4418:
4416:Jevons paradox
4413:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4340:Energy storage
4337:
4332:
4331:
4330:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4287:
4285:
4277:
4276:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4232:
4222:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4178:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4144:Electric power
4141:
4135:
4133:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4052:
4046:
4044:
4042:Primary energy
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3983:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3676:Entropic force
3673:
3666:Thermodynamics
3663:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3604:
3599:
3593:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3531:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3398:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3289:degree Celsius
3286:
3281:
3275:
3273:
3269:Derived units
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3225:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3186:
3169:
3155:
3148:
3136:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3104:
3103:External links
3101:
3099:
3098:
3084:
3064:
3038:
3001:
2961:
2933:
2921:
2892:
2870:
2829:
2803:
2767:
2730:
2712:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2641:
2638:
2632:
2629:
2611:
2591:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2566:
2562:
2557:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2516:
2491:
2465:
2462:on 2012-12-13.
2443:
2436:
2414:
2390:
2372:
2366:
2344:
2327:
2309:
2293:
2285:Pat Naughtin:
2278:
2233:
2209:
2203:
2176:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2118:
2098:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2029:
2026:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1865:Main article:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1844:
1834:
1824:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1742:Main article:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1719:
1712:
1689:
1682:
1677:in 2021. One
1651:
1644:
1623:
1616:
1605:Hurricane Irma
1597:kinetic energy
1557:
1550:
1525:
1518:
1493:
1486:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1436:kinetic energy
1429:
1422:
1419:Landauer limit
1407:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1064:
1057:
1050:kinetic energy
1046:
1039:
1036:
1014:travelling at
1002:kinetic energy
998:
974:
957:
930:
927:
841:
840:
788:
785:
761:
760:
749:
728:
727:
724:
723:
718:
714:
713:
708:
704:
703:
698:
694:
693:
688:
684:
683:
678:
674:
673:
668:
664:
663:
658:
654:
653:
648:
644:
643:
640:
636:
635:
632:
625:
608:
604:
600:
593:
590:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
567:
564:
562:
560:
554:
550:
545:
541:
538:
531:
528:
526:
524:
520:
516:
512:
505:
502:
500:
498:
492:
489:
485:
480:
474:
470:
465:
461:
458:
451:
448:
446:
442:
438:
437:
411:
408:
293:
292:
279:
270:
269:
257:
248:
247:
243:
232:
223:
222:
209:
207:kilowatt-hours
200:
199:
183:
174:
173:
158:
149:
148:
132:
123:
122:
119:
118:
113:
106:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
67:
61:
60:
56:
55:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4521:
4520:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4478:
4477:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4456:
4454:
4453:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4432:
4431:
4428:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4402:
4396:
4395:United States
4393:
4391:
4390:South America
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4323:Energy policy
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4278:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4247:Solar furnace
4245:
4244:
4243:
4240:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4203:Nuclear power
4201:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4129:Energy system
4126:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4082:Gravitational
4080:
4078:
4075:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4011:
4010:Hydrogen fuel
4008:
4007:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
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3909:
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3879:
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3869:
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3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3831:Gravitational
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3796:
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3792:
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3789:
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3764:
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3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3701:Heat transfer
3699:
3697:
3696:Heat capacity
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3649:Negative mass
3647:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3629:Energy system
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
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3509:
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3476:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3463:
3460:
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3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3422:degree of arc
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3382:
3380:
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3367:
3365:
3362:
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3357:
3355:
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3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3207:
3202:
3200:
3195:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3177:
3173:
3158:
3119:at Wiktionary
3118:
3117:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3071:
3067:
3065:92-822-2213-6
3061:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3042:
3039:
3035:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2991:on 2009-01-14
2987:
2983:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2962:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2934:
2930:
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2909:
2905:
2899:
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2874:
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2788:
2784:
2777:
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2768:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2731:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2659:
2655:
2650:
2639:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2615:
2612:
2589:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2564:
2560:
2555:
2544:
2541:
2535:
2532:
2520:
2517:
2506:on 2011-08-30
2505:
2501:
2495:
2492:
2480:on 2023-05-15
2479:
2475:
2469:
2466:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2439:
2437:0-471-73989-8
2433:
2428:
2427:
2418:
2415:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2387:. 2018-05-11.
2386:
2382:
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2356:
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2338:
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2304:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2173:. 2016-01-28.
2172:
2168:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2119:
2105:
2101:
2099:92-822-2213-6
2095:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1968:
1967:cross product
1964:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1932:algebraically
1929:
1919:
1917:Displacement
1916:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1860:
1852:
1845:
1842:
1835:
1825:
1822:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1775:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1737:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1713:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1680:
1679:Petawatt-hour
1668:
1664:
1657:in Japan had
1656:
1652:
1645:
1642:
1641:terawatt-hour
1638:
1633:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1613:gigawatt-hour
1606:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1564:
1558:
1551:
1548:
1547:megawatt-hour
1544:
1543:Planck energy
1540:
1536:
1533:is about the
1531:
1526:
1519:
1516:
1515:kilowatt-hour
1511:
1500:
1494:
1487:
1484:
1479:
1473:
1465:
1461:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1440:
1437:
1434:is about the
1430:
1423:
1420:
1412:
1408:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1101:
1095:Submultiples
1093:
1085:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1013:
1009:
1003:
999:
995:
988:
981:
975:
971:
964:
958:
955:
951:
947:
942:
939:16.6667
936:
935:
934:
928:
926:
924:
920:
916:
912:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
858:In 1935, the
856:
854:
850:
846:
838:
837:
836:
834:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
786:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
758:
757:kilowatt-hour
754:
750:
747:
743:
739:
735:
734:
733:
722:
719:
716:
715:
712:
709:
706:
705:
702:
699:
696:
695:
692:
689:
686:
685:
682:
679:
676:
675:
672:
669:
666:
665:
662:
659:
656:
655:
652:
649:
646:
645:
641:
638:
637:
633:
630:
629:
626:
624:
602:
591:
589:
576:
565:
563:
552:
543:
529:
527:
514:
503:
501:
490:
487:
478:
472:
463:
449:
447:
427:
426:
423:
421:
417:
416:SI base units
409:
407:
406:(1818–1889).
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
360:
352:
331:
330:
321:
300:
280:
278:
277:electronvolts
271:
258:
256:
249:
233:
231:
224:
210:
208:
201:
198:
194:
184:
182:
175:
172:
159:
157:
150:
147:
143:
139:
133:
131:
130:SI base units
124:
120:
117:
114:
112:
108:
102:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
78:
74:
71:
68:
66:
62:
57:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4474:
4462:
4450:
4438:
4220:Oil refinery
4164:Cogeneration
4097:Nuclear fuel
3903:Quintessence
3691:Free entropy
3624:Energy level
3588:Fundamental
3427:electronvolt
3313:
3115:
3087:
3077:, retrieved
3051:
3041:
3032:
3025:. Retrieved
3021:the original
2993:. Retrieved
2986:the original
2977:
2964:
2953:. Retrieved
2949:
2936:
2924:
2912:. Retrieved
2907:
2883:. Retrieved
2873:
2863:11 September
2861:. Retrieved
2842:
2832:
2820:. Retrieved
2816:
2806:
2794:. Retrieved
2787:the original
2770:
2758:. Retrieved
2751:the original
2733:
2724:
2715:
2614:
2519:
2508:. Retrieved
2504:the original
2494:
2482:. Retrieved
2478:the original
2468:
2460:the original
2455:
2446:
2425:
2417:
2406:. Retrieved
2402:
2393:
2384:
2375:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2302:
2296:
2287:
2281:
2251:
2246:
2236:
2225:. Retrieved
2221:
2212:
2192:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2141:
2137:
2121:
2111:, retrieved
2085:
2075:
2046:derived unit
2041:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2017:
2009:
2005:
2003:
1952:
1947:
1928:newton-metre
1925:
1870:
1867:Newton-metre
1820:
1779:
1747:
1723:Indian Ocean
1659:1.41 EJ
1415:2.75 zJ
1411:electronvolt
1390:quettajoule
1381:quectojoule
1268:
1263:
1255:
1250:
1240:
1235:
1227:
1222:
1212:
1207:
1199:
1194:
1184:
1179:
1171:
1166:
952:(1,200
932:
908:
857:
848:
842:
812:
790:
780:
762:
731:
428:
414:In terms of
413:
363:
301:(pronounced
298:
296:
242:10 kcal
220:10 kW⋅h
181:watt-seconds
115:
110:
76:Unit of
36:
4476:WikiProject
4296:Agriculture
4225:Solar power
4191:Tidal power
4065:Natural gas
4055:Fossil fuel
3998:Latent heat
3966:Electricity
2885:7 September
2725:www.eia.gov
2034:watt-second
2028:Watt-second
2008:is energy,
1961:of a force
1959:dot product
1770:10 BTU
1738:Conversions
1733:per second.
1731:400 YJ
1709:2.2 ZJ
1705:0.5 ZJ
1675:439 EJ
1609:112 TJ
1603:. In 2017,
1599:of roughly
1561:0.278
1545:unit. One
1370:ronnajoule
1361:rontojoule
1350:yottajoule
1341:yoctojoule
1330:zettajoule
1321:zeptojoule
1281:femtojoule
1158:hectojoule
1149:centijoule
1068:0.102
966:device for
896:calorimetry
829:10 erg
815:as unit of
777:common noun
744:through an
267:10 BTU
94:Named after
65:Unit system
4492:Categories
4259:Wind power
4181:Hydropower
4132:components
4087:Hydropower
4077:Geothermal
4027:Sound wave
3938:Zero-point
3868:Mechanical
3853:Ionization
3826:Electrical
3721:Negentropy
3602:Energetics
3221:Base units
3172:Audio help
3163:2024-03-06
3079:2021-12-16
2995:2008-04-23
2955:2014-03-07
2822:2 November
2510:2005-10-05
2408:2021-06-14
2227:2024-04-07
2204:0471344311
2113:2021-12-16
2068:References
1936:dimensions
1813:kW⋅h = 3.6
1763:10 eV
1716:Yottajoule
1693:Baltic Sea
1686:Zettajoule
1671:94 EJ
1637:Tsar Bomba
1601:13 TJ
1590:7700
1575:Little Boy
1443:Microjoule
1404:Zeptojoule
1384:10 J
1375:10 J
1364:10 J
1355:10 J
1344:10 J
1335:10 J
1324:10 J
1315:10 J
1304:10 J
1301:attojoule
1295:10 J
1290:petajoule
1284:10 J
1275:10 J
1260:10 J
1247:10 J
1232:10 J
1219:10 J
1204:10 J
1200:microjoule
1191:10 J
1176:10 J
1172:millijoule
1163:10 J
1152:10 J
1143:10 J
1138:decajoule
1132:10 J
1129:decijoule
1123:10 J
1115:SI symbol
1106:SI symbol
1098:Multiples
1073:/crystal).
1054:50 kg
1030:1.41
793:cgs system
773:upper case
410:Definition
396:resistance
362:; symbol:
290:10 eV
4370:Australia
4306:Transport
4301:Computing
4269:Wind farm
4196:Wave farm
4070:Petroleum
4050:Bioenergy
4022:Radiation
3961:Capacitor
3883:Potential
3364:steradian
3279:becquerel
2853:0307-1766
2651:⋅
2637:⋅
2556:⋅
2542:⋅
2341:bipm.org.
2222:ThoughtCo
1986:θ
1983:τ
1946:the name
1873:mechanics
1855:10 J
1665:. Yearly
1628:is about
1620:Petajoule
1585:megagrams
1583:450
1554:Terajoule
1539:petroleum
1530:gigajoule
1522:Gigajoule
1508:4.2
1504:10 L
1497:161
1490:Megajoule
1483:watt-hour
1476:122
1457:Kilojoule
1426:Nanojoule
1310:exajoule
1269:terajoule
1256:picojoule
1241:gigajoule
1228:nanojoule
1213:megajoule
1185:kilojoule
1078:Multiples
1061:56 g
906:in 1960.
603:⋅
577:⋅
544:⋅
515:⋅
488:−
479:⋅
464:⋅
156:CGS units
109:1 J
18:Megajoule
4440:Category
4005:Hydrogen
3971:Enthalpy
3873:Negative
3863:Magnetic
3848:Internal
3806:Chemical
3671:Enthalpy
3590:concepts
3516:Category
3471:See also
3244:kilogram
3213:SI units
3174: ·
3070:archived
3049:(2006),
3027:18 March
2944:(1963).
2908:noaa.gov
2857:Archived
2796:18 March
2760:18 March
2323:bipm.org
2191:(1974),
2104:archived
2083:(2006),
2038:W s
2036:(symbol
2012:is (the
1892:Angular
1832:1 J
1648:Exajoule
1632:megatons
1630:50
1595:, has a
1568:63
983:mass at
956:) / day.
919:kilogram
849:quadrant
847:and the
779:; i.e.,
651:kilogram
634:Meaning
4452:Commons
4280:Use and
4139:Biomass
4109:Radiant
3956:Battery
3928:Thermal
3923:Surface
3908:Radiant
3878:Phantom
3858:Kinetic
3836:Binding
3816:Elastic
3799:Nuclear
3794:Binding
3681:Entropy
3579:Outline
3569:History
3432:hectare
3417:decibel
3359:sievert
3354:siemens
3284:coulomb
3234:candela
3161: (
3132:minutes
2914:8 March
2268:⁄
2258:⁄
2044:) is a
2022:radians
1900:Torque
1841:ton TNT
1788:= 4.184
1786:calorie
1766:9.47817
1759:6.24151
1611:. One
1528:6
1023:1
1021:, or a
1016:1
1006:2
992:1
985:1
978:1
968:1
961:1
923:in 2019
900:calorie
787:History
742:coulomb
740:of one
711:coulomb
631:Symbol
398:of one
390:of one
370:in the
4464:Portal
4385:Mexico
4380:Europe
4375:Canada
4360:Africa
4283:supply
4092:Marine
3981:Fossil
3933:Vacuum
3686:Exergy
3607:Energy
3558:Energy
3447:minute
3407:dalton
3349:radian
3344:pascal
3334:newton
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1955:scalar
1944:energy
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4114:Solar
3918:Sound
3787:Types
3661:Power
3612:Units
3574:Index
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3442:litre
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3369:tesla
3324:lumen
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