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commando teams to destroy enemy infrastructure such as bridges tunnels, and harbors, among others. The MADM warhead was designed to be economical in nuclear material, having a diameter of less than 15 inches (380 mm), and it was hoped that the device could be broken down into sub-40 pounds (18 kg) components for carriage and assembly in the field.
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In
September 1957, the warhead operational availability date was delayed by 14 months. In February 1958, for still-classified reasons, the weapon received a significant redesign and a new developmental name: XW-45-X1. This, however, increased the weapon diameter to 12.75 inches (324 mm) and made
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In
January 1960, the MADM version of the W45 was assigned the name W45 Mod 1. This version of the warhead was only different from the W45 Mod 0 used in Little John and Terrier in that it had no environmental sensing device, the ADM role having precluded the possibility of such a device. Instead, the
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that the usefulness of the weapon was limited by the inability to emplace the weapon underwater or in backfilled holes. Sandia and
Livermore replied in December 1963, proposing a watertight case for the weapon featuring waterproof cables and connectors. A prototype was demonstrated in January 1963
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The history of the MADM began in 1954 with the proposal for a light-weight multi-purpose warhead. Its predecessor, the first atomic demolition munition (ADM), was deployed in the same year. This was a low-yield weapon (0.5 to 15 kilotonnes of TNT (2.1 to 62.8 TJ)) used by special forces and
143:
In
February 1957, it was believed that the weapon could be design released by mid-1958 with production beginning a year later. In March 1957, it was suggested that the W44 and W45 programs be consolidated. This proposal was later abandoned. At this point, it was believed the design would have a
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Extensive tables were provided to enable the selection of the correct yield for each particular target. These tables accounted for various employment particulars such as depth of burial, fallout considerations, and minimum safe separation distances between adjacent weapons and personnel.
167:(PAL), consisting of a five-digit coded switch. This was accepted and implemented on the subsequent W45 Mod 2. When the Mod 2 weapon was incorporated into its new protective case, the weapon became the W45 Mod 3. Early production of the Mod 3 began in July 1965.
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ADM employment manuals describe the use of ADMs defensively for combat engineering purposes. Possible targets described include bridges, dams, canals, tunnels, airfields, railroad marshaling yards, ports and industrial plants, and power facilities.
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the warhead incompatible with Little John without substantial redesign. In the interest of economics and stockpile simplification, it was decided to revert to the original XW-45 design in
February 1959.
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The program languished for several years, with Los Alamos and Sandia in a joint letter suggesting that warheads in the range of 12 to 18 inches (300 to 460 mm) were possible. At one point, the
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maximum diameter of 11.75 inches (298 mm), a length of 27 inches (690 mm), and a weight of 150 pounds (68 kg). Major components of the weapon were sourced from other weapon systems.
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with an estimated yield of 0.5 to 15 kilotonnes of TNT (2.1 to 62.8 TJ). Each MADM weighed 391 pounds (177 kg) in its transportation container. They were deployed between 1962 and 1986.
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In offensive operations, ADMs are described as being useful for improving flank and rear security of a unit, impeding counterattacks, and assisting in enemy entrapment.
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In its waterproof case, the weapon was 42 inches (1.1 m) long, 24 inches (0.61 m) wide, 28 inches (0.71 m) high and weighed 391 pounds (177 kg).
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missile was considered for the application. The program for the W45 was authorized in
January 1956. In addition to MADM, the program was to develop warheads for
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The weapon was designed so it could be detonated by a timer of up to 21 days, by radio or by field wire, and featured a waterproof protective case.
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Air
Transport Procedures, Transport of the W45-3 Warhead in Container, H815, For Medium Atomic Demolition Munition (MADM) by US Army Helicopters
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warhead received a three-digit combination padlock to restrict access to the device. War reserve production was achieved in April 1962.
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Scientists look at a Medium Atomic
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Employment of Atomic
Demolition Munitions (ADM) (Report). Headquarters, Department of the Army. August 1971. FM 5-26.
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weapon utilizing an air-lens. The yield was reportedly 0.5 to 15 kilotonnes of TNT (2.1 to 62.8 TJ).
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ADM employment manuals describe the use of ADMs tactically in both offensive and defensive operations.
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This article is about the nuclear weapon. For the alternative rock musician, see
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Diagram showing underground emplacement of the Medium Atomic
Demolition Munition
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Internal components of the MADM setup. From left to right: packing container,
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Atomic Audit: The Costs and Consequences of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Since 1940
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The weapon was a boosted, externally-initiated device. It was allegedly a
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At about the same time, it was proposed that the weapon be fitted with a
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263:(Report). Headquarters, Department of the Army. August 1983. FM 55-226.
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and production of the case was authorized the following month.
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288:. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. p. 155.
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584:Employment of Atomic Demolition Munitions (ADM)
572:Employment of Atomic Demolition Munitions (ADM)
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620:(Report). Sandia National Labs. SC-M-67-677.
545:1-point test of W-45/Swan variant, successful
8:
488:"Complete List of All U.S. Nuclear Weapons"
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155:In October 1963, the army informed the
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73:In service, the MADM was known as the
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1031:Tactical Atomic Demolition Munition
528:Sublette, Carey (15 October 1997).
1623:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1566:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1025:Special Atomic Demolition Munition
235:Special Atomic Demolition Munition
85:Atomic Demolition Charges (ADCs).
14:
1019:Medium Atomic Demolition Munition
44:Medium Atomic Demolition Munition
39:, code-decoder unit, firing unit.
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624:from the original on 2021-08-31.
486:Sublette, Carey (12 June 2020).
270:from the original on 2021-08-31.
618:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
557:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
516:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
471:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
459:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
444:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
432:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
420:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
408:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
396:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
384:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
372:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
357:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
345:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
333:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
321:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
309:History of the Mark 45 Warhead
170:The MADM was retired in 1984.
140:) with the designation XW-45.
1:
672:United States nuclear devices
636:"Atomic Demolition Munitions"
284:Schwartz, Stephen I. (2011).
216:Engineering and defensive use
1383:Reliable Replacement Warhead
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64:atomic demolition munition
15:
1685:Tactical nuclear weapons
1558:This article related to
157:Atomic Energy Commission
1615:This article about the
530:"Operation Hardtack II"
52:tactical nuclear weapon
534:Nuclear Weapon Archive
492:Nuclear weapon archive
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165:Permissive Action Link
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18:Melissa Auf der Maur
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111:Little John
103:AIR-2 Genie
68:W45 warhead
58:during the
37:W45 warhead
1664:Categories
701:Little Boy
682:(including
502:2021-03-18
241:References
1450:Artillery
1405:radiation
996:munitions
930:Artillery
539:31 August
188:Swan-type
1617:Cold War
1535:RACER IV
1509:Starling
1413:Warheads
1403:Enhanced
1181:Warheads
788:Warheads
715:(Mark 3)
709:(Mark 2)
707:Thin Man
703:(Mark 1)
684:boosted)
622:Archived
265:Archived
229:See also
200:MADM use
130:Plumbbob
60:Cold War
50:) was a
1530:Sausage
1504:Kinglet
1116:Mark 39
1111:Mark 36
1101:Mark 27
1096:Mark 26
1091:Mark 24
1081:Mark 21
1076:Mark 17
1066:Mark 15
1061:Mark 14
1004:XM1 ADM
906:Mark 90
769:Mark 20
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759:Mark 13
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744:Mark 10
713:Fat Man
680:Fission
115:Terrier
89:History
1525:Gadget
1499:Tsetse
1494:Python
1033:(TADM)
1027:(SADM)
1021:(MADM)
1009:T2 ADM
916:Mk 105
911:Mk 101
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739:Mark 8
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174:Design
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1489:Swan
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541:2021
290:ISBN
128:and
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48:MADM
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