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navigating to it safely. Several academic studies were also made on the "no left-turn" scheme, summarizing that the scheme induces longer travel time and only works with low car inflow and minimal lane changing maneuvers, with the U-turn slots eventually becoming congested themselves. Since then, many of these U-turn slots were closed and left-turning at most intersections was restored, although some still remain along roads such as
1741:
862:
signalized
Michigan U-turn that was constructed in 2014—this was a temporary fix until the SH71 tollway over SH130 (including the re-routing of FM973) was completed in early 2016. There are multiple Michigan left turns currently being used along US 281 north of Loop 1604 in San Antonio. These were adopted as a short-term solution for traffic issues as development expanded north, but will likely be phased out as US 281 is elevated.
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in the early 1960s. The increase in traffic flow and reduction in accidents was so dramatic (a 30–60% decrease) that over 700 similar intersections have been deployed throughout the state since then. Michigan keeps building
Michigan lefts where the opportunity presents itself, completing a rebuild of
360:
A variation of the
Michigan left that prohibits through traffic on minor roads from crossing the major road or highway, is most commonly called a superstreet or a "restricted crossing U‑turn" (RCUT). In contrast to the standard Michigan left, left turns from the major road or highway to minor
908:
It has been shown to enhance safety for pedestrians at these intersections, since they only encounter through traffic and vehicles making right turns. The elimination of left turns removes one source of potential vehicle-pedestrian conflict. One minor disadvantage of the
Michigan left is the extra
249:
When vehicles enter the cross-over area, unless markings on the ground indicate two turning lanes in the cross-over, drivers form one lane. A cross-over with two lanes is designed at high-volume cross-overs, or when the right lane turns onto an intersecting street. In this case, the right lane is
904:
phases, significantly increasing traffic flow. Because separate phases are no longer needed for left turns, this increases green time for through traffic. The effect on turning traffic is mixed. Consequently, the timing of traffic signals along a highway featuring the design is made easier by the
861:
at the intersection of
Preston Road and Legacy Drive. In January 2014, the city announced plans to revert the turn to a traditional intersection as a result of drivers' confusion. A section of State Highway 71 east of Austin-Bergstrom International Airport at FM 973 in Austin, Texas did have a
722:
tracks, and suburban thoroughfares are often split by drainage canals. Some intersections using this design are signed similarly to those in
Michigan, but with more descriptive text; however, in some cases the only signage is "No Left Turn" and drivers are left to figure it out for themselves.
619:
However, the implementation of the "no left-turn" scheme in Metro Manila was controversial, as it was notorious among motorists for causing longer travel distances due to having to navigate to the nearest U-turn slot and for incidents of motorists missing their U-turn slot due to difficulties
345:
through
Mariano Otero Avenue is routed onto an overpass above the beltway, with two access roads allowing right turns in all four possible directions; the U-turns, meanwhile, are built underneath the beltway and allow the left turn movements from Mariano Otero Avenue to the beltway.
273:
When the median of a road is too narrow to allow for a standard
Michigan left maneuver, a variation can be used that widens the pavement in the opposite direction of travel. This widened pavement is known as a "bulb out" or a "loon" (from the pavement's aerial resemblance to the
610:
at designated U-turn slots and making a right turn after. The scheme was designed to mimic the
Michigan left turn design by creating continuous traffic, mitigating bottlenecks caused by traffic light signals. The MMDA claimed that its "no left-turn" scheme in addition to its
378:, makes widespread use of a simplified variant of this type of intersection on its two- and three-lane, median-separated throughways instead of using traffic lights. Larger junctions use this intersection type instead of much more costly grade-separated interchanges.
245:
Similarly, traffic on the divided highway cannot turn left at an intersection with a cross street. Instead, drivers are instructed to "overshoot" the intersection, go through the U-turn lane, come back to the intersection from the opposite direction, and turn right.
250:
reserved for vehicles completing the design. Most crossovers must be made large enough for semi-trailer trucks to complete the crossover. This large cross-over area often leads to two vehicles incorrectly lining up at a single cross-over.
899:
Studies have shown a major reduction in left-turn collisions and a minor reduction in merging and diverging collisions, due to the shifting of left turns outside the main intersection. In addition, it reduces the number of different
1891:
220:, and left turns onto—and usually from—the divided highway are prohibited. In almost every case, the divided highway is multi-laned in both directions. When on the secondary road, drivers are directed to turn right. Within
125:
and a secondary (minor) roadway with the combination of a right (nearside) turn followed by a U-turn, or a U-turn followed by a right (nearside) turn, depending on the situation. It is in use in numerous countries.
1636:
605:
implemented a "no left-turn" scheme in the early 2000s along several major roads in Metro Manila, prohibiting motor vehicle traffic from turning left at intersections and instead requiring them to make a
615:
and road obstruction clearing campaign has increased the average travel speed along major thoroughfares from 14.5 km/h (9.0 mph) in July 2001 to 17.37 km/h (10.79 mph) in June 2003.
1865:
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This type of intersection configuration, as with any engineered solution to a traffic problem, carries with it certain advantages and disadvantages and has been subject to several studies.
69:
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1414:
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A Michigan left generally allows through traffic on the minor crossroads to proceed straight across the major road or highway, especially on the more heavily traveled minor roads.
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elimination of left-turn phases both on that highway and along intersecting roadways contributing to the reduction of travel times and the increased capacity of those roadways.
760:
1389:
1608:
1057:
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1914:
503:, where a narrow-median variant put in place years ago is now seldom used due to the realignment of the expressway in conjunction with the construction of the
738:, a Michigan left has been used to increase efficiency of traffic through an otherwise underdeveloped and congested intersection. Due to its proximity to the
1969:
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mile (800 m) to make a left turn. It also results in left-turning vehicles having to stop up to three times in the execution of the turn.
1027:
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through Salt Lake County. Construction began in summer 2011 and was completed in fall 2011. Other similar intersections were implemented in
2134:
1360:
1111:
1474:
876:, announced in 2011 that it would be building Utah's first "ThrU Turn" at the intersection of 12300 South and State Street, just off
1263:
410:. This requires right-turning vehicles to turn left then make a U-turn. As of May 2015, local residents had called for its removal.
134:
This intersection design was given the name "Michigan left" due to its frequent use along roads and highways in the U.S. state of
3514:
739:
692:, introduced the Michigan Left in 2013 at the intersection of 96th Street, and Allisonville Road (near the surrounding cities of
310:, there is a grade-separated variation of this setup at the intersection of Mariano Otero Avenue and Manuel Gómez Morín Beltway (
994:
313:
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1995:
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1385:
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488:, Ontario, to relieve motorists who wish to make a left-turn on roadways that will contain a proposed streetcar line by the
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1866:"The Michigan Left Superstreet: Heading Eastbound: A Midwestern traffic pattern takes a detour to North Brunswick County"
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from the 1980s through 2007, when it was replaced with conventional left-turn lanes. Another was built in mid-2010 in
700:
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completed work on a ThrU-turn intersection at the State Street/Veterans
Memorial Parkway/36th Street intersection in
1589:"US 280: 'Michigan Left' U-turn at Valleydale Scheduled to Be in Effect for Friday Morning Commute (animation)"
2390:
1137:
865:
In 2024, Virginia instituted a Michigan turn at the intersection of Fredericksburg Rd. and US 29 in Greene County.
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63:
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Schroeder, Bastian; Cunningham, Chris; Ray, Brian; Daleiden, Andy; Jenior, Pete; Knudsen, Julia (August 2014).
754:
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and Robbins Road (north to the right), showing the additional area necessary to make a turn on a narrow median
2335:
1532:
1560:
686:, began introducing Michigan lefts in 2013, at Ina/Oracle and on Grant Road. Their reception has been mixed.
530:
This is the design at some busy junctions in Hong Kong. In Hong Kong Island examples include the junction of
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735:
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824:. In 2015, a Michigan left was constructed at the intersection of Poplar Tent Road and Derita Road in the
807:
711:
696:). The city has announced plans to tear out the Michigan Left due to its unpopularity amongst the locals
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2713:
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1947:
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distance required for the motorist to drive. Sometimes the distance to the turnaround is as far away as
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state government in 2009 introduced the "P-turn", similar to the Michigan left, at the intersection of
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and go back through the intersection. Additionally, the U-turn lane is designed for one-way traffic.
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mile (400 m) past the intersection. This design leads to each motorist driving an additional
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Innovative Intersection Safety Improvement Strategies and Management Practices: A Domestic Scan
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Synthesis of the Median U-Turn Intersection Treatment, Safety, and Operational Benefits
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17:
1915:"Officials Worry that 'Michigan Left Turn' at Plano Intersection Will Confuse Drivers"
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U-turn intersections are very common throughout Mexico, particularly in Mexico City.
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Two versions of signs posted along an intersecting road or street at an intersection.
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roads are usually allowed, although there is a variation that prohibits such turns.
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design that replaces each left (farside) turn at an intersection between a (major)
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2108:
MUT Case Study: Michigan Avenue at South Harrison Road in East Lansing (Michigan)
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Indirect left turns, or Michigan Lefts, near the intersection will be available.
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Hughes, Warren; Chappell, Debra; Chen, Shyuan-Ren (Clayton) (January 2005).
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Its design also is promoted as part of the Federal Highway Administration's
217:
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1324:
Michigan Department of Transportation, Traffic and Safety division (2012).
54:
1892:"Final Season of US 131 Reconstruction in Three Rivers Starts Monday"
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since the late 1960s. In other contexts, the intersection is called a
3463:
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2506:
1086:"Unconventional Left-Turn Lanes Reduce Traffic Accidents, Congestion"
803:
607:
470:
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239:
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The Michigan left is a commonly used design in Brazil especially in
1448:"Roads Minister Luke Donnellan says Frankston's P-turn will remain"
1115:
1361:"Mariano Otero Avenue and Manuel Gómez Morín Beltway, Guadalajara"
1349:. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration Office of Safety.
1303:
Every Day Counts 2 Spring Virtual Summits - 21st Century Solutions
846:
565:
413:
On April 16, 2018, a P-turn was introduced at the intersection of
189:
53:
45:
2182:
Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway
2112:
1665:"State Street/Veterans Memorial Parkway/36th Street Intersection"
1142:"Minutes, Planning Commission Public Hearing, September 20, 2001"
2143:
1996:"'Thru Turn' in Effect at Bangerter and 7800 South Intersection"
1973:
1768:"Northbound on S Carrollton Ave at S Claiborne Ave, New Orleans"
1088:(Press release). North Carolina State University. Archived from
672:
for the first time, in several locations along heavily traveled
621:
283:
275:
2116:
554:
this design exists between Cheong Wan Road and Hong Chong Road/
41:. For countries that drive on the left, reverse right and left.
2974:
522:, as well as a few other U-turn lanes as one heads westbound.
429:. Another P-turn was added in 2019 at the intersection of the
1390:"Restricted Crossing U-Turn Intersection Informational Guide"
1175:"M-20 Traffic Restrictions at Leaton Road Starting Sept. 23"
1297:
Doctor, Mark; Shaw, Jeff; Merritt, George (April 4, 2013).
1233:
Mississippi Department of Transportation (June 23, 2022).
849:. One was located at the intersection of Fondren Road and
1237:(Press release). Mississippi Department of Transportation
1475:"Melbourne gets another P-turn with Swan Street changes"
1415:"P-turn to shut Frankston residents out of their street"
742:, heavy traffic is handled more safely and efficiently.
1235:"J-Turn Intersections Implemented Across State (Video)"
1894:(Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation
1498:
1496:
1177:(Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation
648:
A similar style P-turn is used in the junction of the
1147:. City of Farmington Hills, Michigan. Archived from
749:
first used the modern design at the intersection of
726:
Since the redevelopment of the intersection between
386:
In Australia, where traffic drives on the left, the
3472:
3443:
3349:
3166:
3126:
3088:
2930:
2919:
2771:
2658:
2575:
2566:
2494:
2399:
2313:
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2153:
2029:. Utah Department of Transportation. Archived from
1970:"U-Turns Replace Left Turns at Draper intersection"
1690:"S Claiborne Ave and S Carrollton Ave, New Orleans"
1274:. Utah Department of Transportation. Archived from
1943:"Newfangled Intersection to Open Monday in Draper"
1837:"CuriosiD: Where Did the Michigan Left Come From?"
838:introduced a Michigan left at the intersection of
514:, Saskatchewan, a Michigan left pairing exists on
473:, Ontario, a Michigan left exists to proceed from
1343:Diverging Diamond Interchange Informational Guide
154:). The design is also sometimes referred to as a
1742:"W Metairie Avenue near Cleary Avenue, Metairie"
1413:Carton, Donna; Morris, Deborah (March 2, 2009).
1210:. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from
1058:"Median U-Turn Intersection Informational Guide"
1001:. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from
230:mile (400 m), they queue into a designated
1717:"W Metairie Avenue and Cleary Avenue, Metairie"
820:in the southeastern part of the state, outside
278:). Such a design is sometimes referred to as a
199:most commonly used; state of Michigan standard.
2027:"Layton Improved UDOT Open House Presentation"
1794:"Revisiting the Origin of the 'Michigan Left'"
2128:
999:Signalized Intersections: Informational Guide
570:A no left-turn scheme at the intersection of
8:
1326:"Standard Highway Signs: Route Marker Signs"
845:At least two Michigan lefts have existed in
97:US 31 at Robbins Road, Grand Haven, Michigan
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
816:has been implementing Michigan lefts along
2927:
2572:
2159:
2135:
2121:
2113:
1859:
1857:
668:In 2013, Michigan lefts were installed in
499:, on Huron Church Road, just north of the
1299:"Intersection and Interchange Geometrics"
599:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
542:, and the junction of Hennessey Road and
842:and Strawberry Farms Boulevard in 2012.
718:, where city boulevards may be split by
238:. When traffic clears they complete the
1197:
1195:
1034:. Michigan Department of Transportation
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
973:
788:M-102 (8 Mile Road) at Livernois Avenue
1835:Klinefelter, Quinn (October 5, 2015).
1637:"Fishers does U-turn on Michigan Left"
1118:. Indiana Department of Transportation
1022:
1020:
3231:Median / Central reservation
1305:(PDF). Federal Highway Administration
1028:Michigan Department of Transportation
995:"Alternative Intersection Treatments"
747:Michigan Department of Transportation
37:This article reflects countries that
7:
1796:. Michigan Radio. September 15, 2014
1173:Hall, Jocelyn (September 18, 2015).
1116:"Traffic Operations: Median U-Turns"
1112:Indiana Department of Transportation
518:, just west of its interchange with
58:Stylized depiction of the design in
2025:Utah Department of Transportation.
1941:Davidson, Lee (November 11, 2011).
710:The design is relatively common in
3149:Risk compensation (road transport)
2098:Michigan left at Michigan Highways
1890:Schirripa, Nick (March 17, 2020).
1816:"8 Mile Road and Livernois Avenue"
1533:"Jaworski to Bayani: Have a heart"
1503:Villarete, Nigel (July 17, 2014).
1446:Tatman, Christian (May 15, 2015).
1138:City of Farmington Hills, Michigan
728:University Boulevard (MD 193)
25:
1587:Smith, Mike (September 5, 2013).
1264:Utah Department of Transportation
398:) and Cranbourne-Frankston Road (
3515:Glossary of road transport terms
1913:Kim, Theodore (March 23, 2010).
1561:"The U-turns of Bayani Fernando"
956:
944:
802:a dangerous stretch of highway (
484:The design has been proposed in
50:Standard design on a wide median
1609:"Little Love for Michigan Left"
1559:Chanco, Boo (August 24, 2007).
1531:Clapano, Jose (June 15, 2003).
1082:North Carolina State University
1386:Federal Highway Administration
1054:Federal Highway Administration
991:Federal Highway Administration
613:No Contact Apprehension Policy
433:section of State Route 29 and
140:median U‑turn crossover
1:
3497:Pavement performance modeling
3487:International roughness index
1204:"Geometric Design Treatments"
212:where at least one road is a
3492:Present serviceability index
3286:Sidewalk / Pavement
2831:Diamond grinding of pavement
1505:"Understanding U-turn slots"
1395:. p. 10. Archived from
732:Colesville Road (US 29)
374:The capital city of Angola,
3464:Underpass / Tunnel
3459:Overpass / Flyover
3213:High-occupancy vehicle lane
3103:Driving under the influence
2177:Freeway / Motorway
2086:GPX (secondary coordinates)
1669:Ada County Highway District
701:Ada County Highway District
258:Every Day Counts initiative
232:U-turn (or cross-over) lane
30:For the Arkells album, see
3567:
2391:Highway systems by country
892:Applicable traffic studies
495:A Michigan left exists in
353:
294:the intersection before a
148:restricted crossing U-turn
36:
29:
3510:
3502:Granular base equivalency
3321:Traffic signal preemption
2729:Right-in/right-out (RIRO)
2635:Single-point urban (SPUI)
2081:GPX (primary coordinates)
2056:Map all coordinates using
1453:Frankston Standard Leader
1420:Frankston Standard Leader
86:43.0444944°N 86.2201583°W
3482:Pavement condition index
3208:High-occupancy toll lane
3203:Contraflow lane reversal
3178:Barrier transfer machine
2064:Download coordinates as:
1870:North Brunswick Magazine
757:) and Livernois Avenue (
329:20.630666°N 103.434981°W
180:"ThrU Turn" intersection
2336:Express–collector setup
736:Silver Spring, Maryland
421:) and Johnston Street (
260:which started in 2011.
91:43.0444944; -86.2201583
18:Median U‑turn crossover
3520:Road types by features
3415:Raised pavement marker
3382:Constant-slope barrier
3306:Traffic directionality
3296:Street-running railway
2719:Protected intersection
1272:Thru Turn Intersection
712:New Orleans, Louisiana
699:In November 2018, the
630:Circumferential Road 5
590:
580:Circumferential Road 5
402:) in the southeastern
334:20.630666; -103.434981
205:
106:
51:
3377:Concrete step barrier
2714:Offset T-intersection
2076:GPX (all coordinates)
1948:The Salt Lake Tribune
1154:on September 27, 2007
963:U.S. Roads portal
690:Indianapolis, Indiana
569:
208:The design occurs at
193:
144:median U‑turn,
119:at-grade intersection
57:
49:
32:Michigan Left (album)
3420:Road surface marking
3118:Single-vehicle crash
2841:Full depth recycling
2739:Seagull intersection
1427:on November 18, 2012
1140:(October 18, 2001).
572:Bonny Serrano Avenue
481:in both directions.
427:Abbotsford, Victoria
204:lesser-used variant.
160:boulevard turnaround
27:Type of intersection
3541:Road junction types
3246:Pedestrian crossing
2809:Reinforced concrete
2645:Three-level diamond
2356:Two-lane expressway
2341:Farm-to-market road
2006:on February 9, 2013
2000:West Jordan Journal
1976:. November 14, 2011
1920:Dallas Morning News
1645:. February 22, 2022
1594:The Birmingham News
1566:The Philippine Star
1538:The Philippine Star
1510:The Philippine Star
772: /
501:E.C. Row Expressway
325: /
308:Guadalajara, Mexico
290:, where one passes
81: /
3546:1960 introductions
3276:Runaway truck ramp
3098:Driver's education
2886:Rubberized asphalt
2821:Crocodile cracking
2744:Split intersection
2473:Single carriageway
1772:Google Street View
1746:Google Street View
1617:. October 14, 2013
1614:Arizona Daily Star
1402:on April 24, 2015.
1214:on August 30, 2009
1084:(August 1, 1999).
1070:on April 23, 2015.
851:Bellaire Boulevard
777:42.4461°N 83.141°W
650:A4 Great West Road
591:
544:Canal Road Flyover
206:
164:indirect left turn
107:
52:
39:drive on the right
3528:
3527:
3336:Wide outside lane
3162:
3161:
3139:Automotive safety
3020:Road slipperiness
2767:
2766:
2615:Diverging diamond
2562:
2561:
2478:Single-track road
2420:Bicycle boulevard
1092:on March 25, 2007
1030:(July 19, 2010).
714:, and its suburb
505:Herb Gray Parkway
392:Moorooduc Highway
16:(Redirected from
3558:
3551:Michigan culture
3372:Cat's eye (road)
3193:Complete streets
2965:Dead Man's Curve
2928:
2866:Pavement milling
2781:Asphalt concrete
2724:Quadrant roadway
2665:
2587:
2573:
2539:Street hierarchy
2187:Elevated highway
2160:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2114:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2002:. Archived from
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1861:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1500:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1481:. March 17, 2019
1471:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1423:. Archived from
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1394:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1337:
1331:
1329:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1278:on June 23, 2012
1260:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1199:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1153:
1146:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1063:. Archived from
1062:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1032:"Michigan Lefts"
1024:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
987:
961:
960:
959:
951:Roads portal
949:
948:
947:
928:
927:
923:
918:
917:
913:
796:
795:
793:
792:
791:
789:
784:
783:
782:42.4461; -83.141
778:
773:
770:
769:
768:
765:
694:Fishers, Indiana
576:Katipunan Avenue
497:Windsor, Ontario
340:
339:
337:
336:
335:
330:
326:
323:
322:
321:
318:
302:Grade separation
229:
228:
224:
105:
104:
102:
101:
100:
98:
93:
92:
87:
82:
79:
78:
77:
74:
21:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3524:
3506:
3474:
3468:
3439:
3430:Traffic barrier
3390:F-shape barrier
3345:
3301:Traffic calming
3261:Reversible lane
3251:Pedestrian zone
3236:Motorcycle lane
3198:Contraflow lane
3170:time allocation
3169:
3158:
3154:Underride guard
3122:
3084:
2970:Expansion joint
2932:
2922:
2915:
2901:Stamped asphalt
2763:
2694:Continuous flow
2667:
2663:
2662:
2654:
2588:
2584:grade-separated
2581:
2580:
2558:
2517:Private highway
2490:
2395:
2309:
2191:
2172:Bicycle highway
2149:
2141:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2051:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2033:on July 1, 2014
2024:
2023:
2019:
2009:
2007:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1864:Sweeney, Kate.
1863:
1862:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1799:
1797:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1749:
1748:. February 2022
1740:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1648:
1646:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1620:
1618:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1543:
1541:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1458:
1456:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1430:
1428:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1392:
1388:(August 2014).
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1346:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1262:
1261:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1201:
1200:
1193:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1095:
1093:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1067:
1060:
1056:(August 2014).
1052:
1051:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1026:
1025:
1018:
1008:
1006:
1005:on May 10, 2009
993:(August 2004).
989:
988:
975:
971:
957:
955:
945:
943:
935:
925:
921:
920:
915:
911:
910:
894:
787:
785:
781:
779:
775:
774:
771:
766:
763:
761:
759:
758:
740:Capital Beltway
684:Tucson, Arizona
666:
646:
638:
603:Bayani Fernando
564:
528:
479:Riverside Drive
467:
451:
384:
372:
367:
358:
352:
343:Traffic flowing
333:
331:
327:
324:
319:
316:
314:
312:
311:
304:
271:
266:
226:
222:
221:
214:divided highway
200:
195:
188:
132:
123:divided roadway
96:
94:
90:
88:
84:
83:
80:
75:
72:
70:
68:
67:
62:, Michigan, at
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3564:
3562:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3533:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3400:Jersey barrier
3397:
3392:
3387:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3331:Unused highway
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3311:Traffic island
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3174:
3172:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3130:
3128:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3108:Drowsy driving
3105:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2990:Level crossing
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2934:
2925:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2777:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2689:Channelization
2686:
2681:
2676:
2674:3-way junction
2670:
2668:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2591:
2589:
2576:
2570:
2568:Road junctions
2564:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2532:business route
2529:
2519:
2514:
2512:Road hierarchy
2509:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2462:
2460:Primitive road
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2331:County highway
2328:
2326:Collector road
2323:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2300:United Kingdom
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2235:Czech Republic
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2201:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2164:Limited-access
2157:
2151:
2150:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:External links
2047:
2045:
2044:
2017:
1987:
1961:
1933:
1905:
1882:
1853:
1827:
1807:
1785:
1774:. January 2021
1759:
1733:
1708:
1681:
1656:
1628:
1600:
1579:
1551:
1523:
1492:
1466:
1438:
1405:
1377:
1352:
1332:
1328:. p. 101.
1316:
1289:
1248:
1225:
1191:
1165:
1129:
1103:
1073:
1045:
1016:
972:
970:
967:
966:
965:
953:
941:
934:
931:
893:
890:
874:Salt Lake City
872:, a suburb of
836:Columbus, Ohio
814:North Carolina
674:U.S. Route 280
665:
662:
645:
644:United Kingdom
642:
637:
634:
563:
560:
556:Salisbury Road
548:Wong Nai Chung
540:Wan Chai North
527:
524:
466:
463:
450:
447:
439:State Route 20
423:State Route 34
419:State Route 29
383:
380:
371:
368:
366:
363:
354:Main article:
351:
348:
303:
300:
270:
267:
265:
262:
187:
184:
156:boulevard left
131:
128:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3563:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3471:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3410:Noise barrier
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3367:Cable barrier
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3316:Traffic lanes
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3256:Refuge island
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Living street
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3188:Climbing lane
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3165:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3090:Human factors
3087:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3055:Traffic light
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3005:Oversize load
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2995:Manhole cover
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2918:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2826:Crushed stone
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2709:Michigan left
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2661:Intersections
2657:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:Directional T
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2527:special route
2525:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2445:Frontage road
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2321:Arterial road
2319:
2318:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2305:United States
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
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269:Narrow median
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210:intersections
203:
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173:
172:J‑turn
169:
168:Michigan loon
165:
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111:Michigan left
103:
76:86°13′12.57″W
65:
61:
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44:
40:
33:
19:
3435:Traffic cone
3425:Rumble strip
3326:Truck bypass
3281:Shared space
3241:Passing lane
3226:Managed lane
3065:Washboarding
3060:Traffic sign
2985:Hairpin turn
2754:Texas U-turn
2708:
2684:Box junction
2578:Interchanges
2522:Route number
2430:Country lane
2063:
2062:
2055:
2035:. Retrieved
2031:the original
2020:
2008:. Retrieved
2004:the original
1999:
1990:
1978:. Retrieved
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1946:
1936:
1926:December 20,
1924:. Retrieved
1918:
1908:
1896:. Retrieved
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1451:
1441:
1431:December 20,
1429:. Retrieved
1425:the original
1418:
1408:
1397:the original
1380:
1370:December 20,
1368:. Retrieved
1364:
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1307:. Retrieved
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1276:the original
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1186:
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1149:the original
1132:
1120:. Retrieved
1106:
1096:December 20,
1094:. Retrieved
1090:the original
1076:
1065:the original
1048:
1038:December 20,
1036:. Retrieved
1007:. Retrieved
1003:the original
998:
907:
898:
895:
882:South Jordan
870:Draper, Utah
868:The city of
867:
864:
844:
834:
812:
808:Three Rivers
744:
725:
709:
705:Boise, Idaho
698:
688:
682:
667:
654:Boston Manor
647:
639:
618:
592:
588:Metro Manila
536:Harbour Road
532:Fleming Road
529:
520:Circle Drive
509:
494:
490:Transit City
483:
468:
452:
412:
385:
373:
359:
305:
295:
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287:
279:
276:aquatic bird
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114:
110:
108:
73:43°2′40.18″N
43:
3473:Performance
3405:Kassel kerb
3362:Botts' dots
3350:Demarcation
3080:Snow squall
3050:Storm drain
3015:Road debris
2940:Aquaplaning
2933:environment
2921:Road safety
2799:Cobblestone
2749:Superstreet
2554:Winter road
2502:Concurrency
2495:Other terms
2486:Sunken lane
2455:Main street
2400:Local roads
1898:October 21,
1839:. Detroit:
1821:Google Maps
1726:February 1,
1721:Google Maps
1695:Google Maps
1365:Google Maps
1181:February 4,
780: /
751:8 Mile Road
660:, England.
595:Philippines
584:Quezon City
562:Philippines
475:Bank Street
435:Swan Street
356:Superstreet
350:Superstreet
332: /
320:103°26′06″W
186:Description
130:Terminology
89: /
60:Grand Haven
3535:Categories
3475:indicators
3444:Structures
3395:Guard rail
3271:Road verge
3045:Speed bump
3025:Road train
2846:Glassphalt
2786:Bioasphalt
2759:Turnaround
2734:Roundabout
2664:(at-grade)
2630:Roundabout
2595:Cloverleaf
2450:Green lane
2386:Trunk road
2314:Main roads
2197:By country
1980:August 17,
1954:August 17,
1572:January 8,
1544:January 8,
1516:January 8,
1459:January 7,
1330:Sign M8-5.
1309:August 17,
1268:"Overview"
1218:August 17,
969:References
828:suburb of
822:Wilmington
810:in 2021).
786: (
767:83°08′28″W
764:42°26′46″N
678:Birmingham
652:and A3002
516:8th Street
406:suburb of
317:20°37′50″N
264:Variations
95: (
64:US 31
3266:Road diet
3183:Bike lane
3168:Space and
3144:Seat belt
3113:Road rage
3000:Oil spill
2960:Crosswind
2950:Black ice
2945:Avalanche
2871:Permeable
2704:Jughandle
2699:Hook turn
2605:Free-flow
2549:Toll road
2468:Side road
2425:Boulevard
2415:Back road
2381:Super two
2376:Ring road
2351:Link road
2250:Hong Kong
2205:Australia
2147:hierarchy
1778:March 11,
1752:March 11,
1674:March 11,
1642:Indy Star
1158:August 1,
1009:August 1,
939:Jughandle
826:Charlotte
720:streetcar
676:in metro
658:Brentford
578:(part of
526:Hong Kong
512:Saskatoon
492:project.
455:São Paulo
431:Punt Road
408:Frankston
404:Melbourne
388:Victorian
382:Australia
288:thrU turn
218:boulevard
3454:Causeway
3291:Shoulder
3127:Vehicles
3075:Whiteout
3035:Rockfall
3030:Roadkill
2955:Bleeding
2931:Road and
2891:Sealcoat
2816:Corduroy
2804:Concrete
2794:Chipseal
2773:Surfaces
2625:Raindrop
2440:Driveway
2435:Dead end
2366:2+2 road
2361:2+1 road
2285:Portugal
2275:Pakistan
2037:March 3,
2010:June 11,
1621:March 3,
1479:ABC News
1241:June 23,
1122:June 24,
933:See also
716:Metairie
656:Road in
443:Richmond
365:Examples
136:Michigan
3357:Bollard
3341:Woonerf
3070:Washout
3010:Pothole
2923:factors
2911:Texture
2881:Plastic
2861:Macadam
2650:Trumpet
2600:Diamond
2371:Parkway
2346:Highway
2260:Ireland
2240:Germany
2230:Croatia
2210:Belgium
1841:WDET-AM
1818:(Map).
1719:(Map).
1701:May 17,
1692:(Map).
1649:May 15,
1363:(Map).
924:⁄
914:⁄
855:Houston
830:Concord
799:Detroit
670:Alabama
593:In the
552:Kowloon
486:Toronto
292:through
286:, as a
234:in the
225:⁄
202:Bottom:
3450:Bridge
3134:Airbag
2906:Tarmac
2851:Gravel
2679:Bowtie
2620:Parclo
2544:Stroad
2507:Detour
2482:Street
2410:Avenue
2295:Taiwan
2280:Poland
2245:Greece
2220:Canada
2215:Brazil
886:Layton
840:SR 161
804:US 131
636:Mexico
628:, and
608:U-turn
597:, the
471:Ottawa
465:Canada
459:Paraná
449:Brazil
376:Luanda
370:Angola
296:U-turn
240:U-turn
236:median
117:is an
115:P-turn
2876:Plank
2790:Brick
2640:Stack
2406:Alley
2290:Spain
2270:Nepal
2265:Italy
2255:India
2225:China
1400:(PDF)
1393:(PDF)
1347:(PDF)
1152:(PDF)
1145:(PDF)
1068:(PDF)
1061:(PDF)
859:Plano
847:Texas
818:US 17
797:) in
755:M-102
582:) in
550:. In
441:) in
425:) in
282:; in
178:or a
162:, an
3386:Curb
3217:Lane
2980:Ford
2896:Sett
2836:Dirt
2464:Road
2144:Road
2039:2014
2012:2012
1982:2013
1974:KTVX
1956:2013
1928:2010
1900:2021
1877:2017
1848:2017
1802:2017
1780:2023
1754:2023
1728:2013
1703:2013
1676:2019
1651:2023
1623:2014
1574:2023
1546:2023
1518:2023
1487:2020
1461:2016
1433:2010
1372:2010
1311:2013
1284:2011
1243:2022
1220:2013
1183:2019
1160:2011
1124:2017
1098:2010
1040:2010
1011:2011
884:and
745:The
730:and
622:EDSA
574:and
534:and
457:and
396:C777
284:Utah
197:Top:
170:, a
166:, a
158:, a
152:RCUT
3040:Rut
2975:Fog
2856:Ice
2071:KML
853:in
806:in
734:in
546:in
538:in
510:In
477:to
469:In
341:).
306:In
216:or
146:or
142:or
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1984:.
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