526:
217:
50:
325:. They also claim to be descendants of the people of the Matsya Kingdom, which flourished in the 6th century B.C. The historian Pramod Kumar notes that it is likely that the tribes living in the ancient Matsya kingdom were called Meena but it cannot be said with certainty that there is anything common between them and the modern Meenas. They are considered to be
907:
425:
1233:
and martial alliances were instrumental in this transformation. ... In the colonial ethnographic accounts rather than referring to
Rajputs as having emerged from other communities, Bhils, Mers, Minas, Gujars, Jats, Raikas, all lay a claim to a Rajput past from where they claim to have 'fallen'. Historical processes, however, suggest just the opposite.
613:
503:
310:
1232:
from gradual transformation of mobile pastoral and tribal groups into landed sedentary ones. The process of settlement involved both control over mobile resources through raids, battles and trade as well as channelizing of these resources into agrarian expansion. Kinship structures as well as marital
835:
603:
Other prevalent social groupings are
Zamindar Meena and the Chaukidar Meena. The Zamindar Meena, comparatively well-off, are those who surrendered to powerful Rajput invaders and settled on the lands believe to be granted by the Rajputs. Those who did not surrender to Rajput rule and kept on waging
332:
Nandini Sinha Kapur, a historian who has studied early India, notes that the oral traditions of the Meenas were developed from the early 19th century AD in an attempt to reconstruct their identity. She says of this process, which continued throughout the 20th century, that "The Minas try to furnish
440:
was a recipe for further discontent. In an attempt to create an orderly administration through a better understanding of the populace, the Raj authorities instituted various measures of classifying the people of India. One such measure was the
345:, the Meenas found it necessary to invent tradition through oral accounts, one of the primary uses of which is recognised by both historians and sociologists as being "social protest against injustices, exploitation and oppression, a
485:
until 1952, three years after the Act had been repealed. Mark Brown has examined the impact and issues of the Meena community during
British rule and the change in their status from being a higher social group to a criminal tribe.
2035:
582:
s include Ariat, Ahari, Katara, Kalsua, Kharadi, Damore, Ghoghra, Dali, Doma, Nanama, Dadore, Manaut, Charpota, Mahinda, Rana, Damia, Dadia, Parmar, Phargi, Bamna, Khat, Hurat, Hela, Bhagora, and Wagat.
600:
Meena") seek higher status, and claim to be
Rajputs, thus distinguishing themselves from the Bhil Meenas. They follow vegetarianism, unlike other Meenas whom they designated as "Mailay Meena".
349:
that helps to retrieve the image of a community." Kapur notes that the Meenas not merely lack a recorded history of their own but also have been depicted in a negative manner both by medieval
494:
In the 1840s, Meenas organized a huge movement in Jaipur under the leadership of
Lakshminarayan Jharwal against the British rule, which was a Meena rebellion against the British government.
1386:
1908:
2185:
2850:
2845:
461:
of 1930, under whose provisions the Meenas were placed. The community remained stigmatised for many years, notably by influential officials of the Raj such as
2830:
2840:
1057:
Kapur, Nandini Sinha (2000). "Reconstructing
Identities and Situating Themselves in History : A Preliminary Note on the Meenas of Jaipur Locality".
380:. After the end of their rule, the Meenas made forests and hills their shelter and started fighting to get back their kingdom. One such example was the
525:
770:"A Sociological Evaluation of the Major Government Schemes Meant for Promoting Education and Health among The Members of the Meena Tribe in Rajasthan"
769:
2805:
2178:
2820:
2810:
1660:
2825:
2146:
1874:
1761:
1734:
1644:
1610:
1576:
1363:
1328:
1225:
1136:
1106:
989:
664:
1401:
1022:
446:
2855:
2800:
2171:
2860:
1198:
2815:
2086:
1846:
1707:
1522:
1467:
1415:
1283:
1256:
1165:
957:
888:
829:
384:, Who had to face many wars to stop their struggle and later established peace by making treaty with conditionals. From Meenas the
1678:
2001:"Settling the Citizen, Settling the Nomad: 'Habitual offenders', rebellion, and civic consciousness in western India, 1938–1952"
1512:
1468:"Settling the Citizen, Settling the Nomad: 'Habitual offenders', rebellion, and civic consciousness in western India, 1938–1952"
2865:
2835:
812:
593:
process, some Bhils present themselves as Meenas, who hold a higher socio-economic status compared to the Bhil tribal people.
563:
It is believed by media that the well-off Meena community enjoy a major share of ST reservation at the cost of other tribals.
1926:
1966:"Ethnology and Colonial Administration in Nineteenth-Century British India: The Question of Native Crime and Criminality"
482:
878:
628:. They adopt the culture of worshiping trees and plants in marriages, festivals and other ceremonies as per the
560:
into
Scheduled Tribe fold, fearing that their own share of Scheduled Tribe reservation benefits will be eroded.
433:
289:
1215:
176:
689:, the Meenas constitute 10% of the population of the state of Rajasthan. Whereas according to a report by
550:
458:
436:
which caused the government of
Britain to decide that leaving colonial administration in the hands of the
31:
1891:"Will the tribals get their separate religion code, Jharkhand's proposal is now with the Modi government"
89:
2309:
2724:
670:
66:
357:, references to the Meenas describe them as violent, plundering criminals and an anti-social ethnic
1836:
462:
442:
245:
205:
1029:
445:
of 1871, under the provisions of which Meenas were placed in the first list of the Act in 1872 in
2674:
2451:
2330:
2152:
2126:
2113:
2092:
2063:
2055:
2022:
1987:
1795:
1547:
1508:
1490:
1448:
1334:
1308:
1074:
851:
510:
437:
241:
189:
160:
1431:
Brown, Mark (2004). "Crime, Liberalism and Empire: Governing the Mina Tribe of
Northern India".
416:
were the other areas of earlier Meena influence where they were forced to surrender ultimately.
2194:
2142:
2082:
1870:
1842:
1757:
1730:
1724:
1703:
1640:
1606:
1572:
1518:
1411:
1359:
1324:
1289:
1279:
1252:
1221:
1194:
1190:
1182:
1161:
1153:
1132:
1102:
985:
977:
953:
884:
825:
702:
652:
253:
105:
1778:
1634:
1600:
1566:
1185:. In Bel, Bernard; Brouwer, Jan; Das, Biswajit; Parthasarathi, Vibodh; Poitevin, Guy (eds.).
1096:
2694:
2689:
2553:
2522:
2340:
2304:
2264:
2134:
2047:
2012:
1977:
1751:
1482:
1440:
1316:
1126:
1066:
381:
109:
101:
933:
2532:
863:
674:
633:
590:
534:
517:
Meenas have better rights for women in many respects compared to many other Hindu castes.
466:
401:
249:
201:
113:
97:
728:"क्या आदिवासियों को मिल पाएगा उनका अलग धर्म कोड, झारखंड का प्रस्ताव अब मोदी सरकार के पास"
1838:
Native
Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues
1822:"Sociolinguistic Study of Meena / Mina Tribe In comparison to other Tribes of Rajasthan"
1403:
Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues
632:
tradition. They worship different family deities according to the gotra. They celebrate
376:
The Meenas ruled at certain places in Rajasthan until they were overpowered by invading
2770:
2709:
2699:
2669:
2436:
2335:
2284:
2218:
755:
The assignment of an ISO code for the Meena language was spurious (Hammarström (2015)
686:
597:
542:
350:
269:
216:
156:
125:
121:
117:
2794:
2734:
2563:
2527:
2496:
2156:
2067:
1821:
1452:
1338:
1078:
1005:
641:
514:
365:
277:
225:
2026:
1494:
2704:
2629:
2604:
2573:
2426:
2395:
2380:
2274:
2233:
786:
2138:
2076:
1697:
1387:"Caught in nostalgia: Artist Madan Meena's work inspired from 'The Thirsty Crow'"
1353:
1320:
1273:
1246:
1217:
Nomadic Narratives: A History of Mobility and Identity in the Great Indian Desert
947:
2749:
2614:
2491:
2431:
1862:
1083:
the entire community claims descent from the Matsya (fish) incarnation of Vishnu
424:
354:
353:
accounts and records of the colonial period. From medieval times through to the
273:
237:
1070:
2644:
2619:
2594:
2558:
2410:
2223:
2051:
2017:
2000:
1982:
1965:
1486:
821:
818:
586:
474:
229:
49:
1444:
2765:
2739:
2609:
2127:"Rulers, Criminals and Denotified Tribe: A Historical Journey of the Meenas"
1407:
1309:"Rulers, Criminals and Denotified Tribe: A Historical Journey of the Meenas"
1293:
735:
690:
678:
673:, the Meenas have a total population of 5 million. According to a report by
538:
450:
393:
265:
1890:
727:
432:
The Raj colonial administration came into existence in 1858, following the
1006:"Crime, Liberalism and Empire: Governing the Mina Tribe of Northern India"
2719:
2684:
2649:
2568:
2517:
2471:
2375:
2365:
1538:
Kishwar, Madhu (13 August 1994). "Codified Hindu Law: Myth and Reality".
1355:
In quest of Indian folktales: Pandit Ram Gharib Chaube and William Crooke
757:
Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
405:
389:
342:
138:
2117:
2096:
2059:
244:, they were described as a "criminal tribe" and listed according to the
2729:
2624:
2501:
2446:
2390:
2360:
2355:
2325:
2269:
1991:
1551:
707:
682:
637:
549:, while in the other 44 districts of the state they are categorised as
546:
470:
409:
338:
326:
285:
17:
2775:
2744:
2714:
2679:
2634:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2441:
2405:
2385:
2294:
2279:
2259:
2228:
2213:
2208:
1726:
Tribal Culture, Continuity, and Change: A Study of Bhils in Rajasthan
731:
625:
557:
454:
413:
397:
377:
358:
322:
318:
281:
2163:
2104:
Channa, V.C. (2008). "Development in Meena Villages: A Case Study".
30:
This article is about the Meena tribe of India. For other uses, see
2639:
2548:
2461:
2456:
2400:
2370:
2350:
2345:
2299:
2289:
1602:
Awareness in Weaker Section: Perspective Development and Prospects
681:
is 7% of the state's population. And according to the report of a
612:
611:
524:
501:
423:
385:
308:
293:
233:
215:
181:
93:
545:
Meena are recognised as a Scheduled Tribe only in Sironj Tehsil,
2589:
2466:
2254:
502:
478:
309:
185:
152:
2167:
1909:"In Rajasthan, tribal body acts as family court for ST couples"
541:
and the majority of them are classified as being Hindu, but in
2249:
1796:"Scope of dark tourism as a revival strategy for the industry"
188:
community. It used to be claimed they speak Mina language, a
1999:
Bajrange, Dakxinkumar; Gandee, Sarah; Gould, William (2019).
1466:
Bajrange, Dakxinkumar; Gandee, Sarah; Gould, William (2019).
1098:
Tribal and Indigenous People of India: Problems and Prospects
693:, the population of Meenas is 14% of the state's population.
574:
The Meena tribe is divided into several clans and sub-clans (
1957:
Demography and health profile of the tribals: a study of M.P
596:
A sub-group known as "Ujwal Meena" (also "Ujala Meena" or "
952:. The Rosen Publishing Group. 15 August 2010. p. 36.
908:"आखिर क्यों भड़कते हैं आरक्षण के आंदोलन | DW | 12.02.2019"
556:
In Rajasthan, the Meena caste members oppose the entry of
333:
themselves a respectable present by giving themselves a
2078:
Emerging Tribal Identity: A Study of Minas of Rajasthan
589:
is another sub-division among the Meenas. As part of a
578:
s), which are named after their ancestors. Some of the
655:
are widely practiced by the women of the Meena tribe.
571:
The Meenas themselves are also a sub-group of Bhils.
2758:
2662:
2582:
2541:
2510:
2419:
2318:
2242:
2201:
145:
132:
83:
73:
59:
2036:"The "Criminal Tribe" in India before the British"
604:guerrilla warfare are called the Chaukidar Meena.
337:". In common with the people of countries such as
1052:
1050:
971:
969:
317:The Meenas claim a mythological descent from the
184:which is sometimes considered a sub-group of the
1867:Nurturing Walls: Animal Paintings by Meena Women
902:
900:
513:notes that the Meenas have not abandoned their
481:. The Meenas remained an officially designated
1970:The British Journal for the History of Science
1120:
1118:
1095:Pati, Rabindra Nath; Dash, Jagannatha (2002).
2179:
1514:Tribal Ethnography, Customary Law, and Change
624:after taking a collective bath on the day of
8:
1794:Das, Jayasree; Chakraborty, Sudipta (2021).
364:According to Kapur, the Meenas also attempt
264:Currently they are present in the states of
240:, for the fulfillment of its purpose by the
42:
1679:"Flip side of the Jat agitation in Haryana"
1517:. Concept Publishing Company. p. 300.
1220:. Cambridge University Press. p. 265.
620:There is a custom in the Meenas to perform
2755:
2239:
2186:
2172:
2164:
2040:Comparative Studies in Society and History
1605:. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 35.
1251:. Cambridge University Press. p. 19.
48:
41:
2016:
1981:
228:. They were described as a semi-wild and
2851:Other Backward Classes of Madhya Pradesh
1927:"वसुंधरा के लिए सांप छछूंदर वाली स्थिति"
1639:. Pearson Education India. p. 96.
1245:Ramusack, Barbara N. (8 January 2004).
1154:"The Minas: Seeking a Place in History"
1017:
1015:
978:"The Minas: Seeking a Place in History"
718:
180:) is a tribe from northern and western
1187:The Social and the Symbolic: Volume II
859:
849:
388:was captured by Rao Dewa (A.D. 1342),
175:
2846:Other Backward Classes of Maharashtra
2133:. Springer Nature. pp. 275–290.
1315:. Springer Nature. pp. 275–290.
1128:Folk Icons and Rituals in Tribal Life
883:. Taylor & Francis. p. 166.
665:List of Scheduled Tribes in Rajasthan
192:. Its name is also transliterated as
7:
838:from the original on 12 October 2014
469:, and were sometimes categorised as
447:Patiala and East Punjab States Union
74:Regions with significant populations
1835:Danver, Steven L. (10 March 2015).
1777:Mann, Rann Singh; Mann, K. (1989).
1753:A Study of Bundi School of Painting
1248:The Indian Princes and their States
1023:"List of notified Scheduled Tribes"
2831:Scheduled Tribes of Madhya Pradesh
1783:. Mittal Publications. p. 18.
1571:. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 41.
1214:Kothiyal, Tanuja (14 March 2016).
1183:"Minas Seeking a Place in History"
880:Emerging Trends in Indian Politics
726:Prakash, Ravi (18 November 2020).
248:. Presently they are described as
25:
2841:Other Backward Classes of Haryana
2131:Tribe-British Relations in India
1723:Majhi, Anita Srivastava (2010).
1699:Human Rights and Legal Pluralism
1568:Human Rights and Legal Pluralism
1313:Tribe-British Relations in India
814:Human Rights and Legal Pluralism
759:). The code was retired in 2019.
396:Rajputs and Chopoli fell to the
321:avatar, or fish incarnation, of
2806:Social groups of Madhya Pradesh
457:. Another such measure was the
2821:Social groups of Uttar Pradesh
2811:Social groups of Punjab, India
1661:"How Meenas got the ST status"
1278:. Rupa & Co. p. 396.
1101:. APH Publishing. p. 12.
1028:. Census India. Archived from
877:Rath, Govinda Chandra (2013).
677:, the population of Meenas in
1:
2826:Scheduled Tribes of Rajasthan
2034:Piliavsky, Anastasia (2015).
1540:Economic and Political Weekly
1181:Kapur, Nandini Sinha (2007).
1152:Kapur, Nandini Sinha (2007).
976:Kapur, Nandini Sinha (2007).
224:The Meenas were originally a
27:Ethnic group in western India
2139:10.1007/978-981-16-3424-6_17
1599:Patel, Mahendra Lal (1997).
1358:. Indiana University Press.
1321:10.1007/978-981-16-3424-6_17
529:Meenas, Hindoos of low caste
1636:Ethics: Theory and Practice
1158:The Social and the Symbolic
982:The Social and the Symbolic
2882:
2856:Denotified tribes of India
2801:Social groups of Rajasthan
2202:Hindu and Jain communities
2075:Sharma, Sohan Lal (2008).
1841:. Routledge. p. 550.
1780:Tribal Cultures and Change
1400:Danver, Steven L. (2015).
1352:Naithani, Sadhana (2006).
1160:. Sage. pp. 129–131.
1071:10.1177/037698360002700103
662:
29:
2861:Surnames of Indian origin
2052:10.1017/S0010417515000055
2018:10.1017/S0026749X18000136
1983:10.1017/S0007087403005004
1820:Meena, Ram (5 May 2020).
1487:10.1017/S0026749X18000136
1156:. In Bel, Bernard (ed.).
1131:. Abhinav. pp. 3–4.
980:. In Bel, Bernard (ed.).
537:category in the state of
200:. They got the status of
150:
137:
88:
78:
64:
47:
2816:Social groups of Haryana
2243:Agricultural communities
1445:10.1177/0964663904042551
1433:Social and Legal Studies
1059:Indian Historical Review
636:on the third day of the
533:The Meena fall into the
434:Indian Rebellion of 1857
290:Union Territory of Delhi
2511:Genealogist communities
1756:. Abhinav. p. 31.
1729:. Mittal. p. 127.
1696:Sezgin, Yuksel (2011).
1565:Sezgin, Yüksel (2011).
811:Sezgin, Yüksel (2011).
420:British colonial period
141:(99.7%), others (0.14%)
2866:Ethnic groups in India
2836:Other Backward Classes
2319:Mercantile communities
2081:. Rawat Publications.
1702:. LIT Verlag Münster.
1633:Satyanarayana (2010).
1275:A history of Rajasthan
1125:Kumar, Pramod (1984).
617:
551:Other Backward Classes
530:
507:
459:Habitual Criminals Act
429:
314:
221:
220:Mina caste man in 1898
54:1888 picture of Meenas
32:Meena (disambiguation)
2125:Meena, Madan (2021).
2106:Indian Anthropologist
1959:. Anmol Publications.
1933:(in Hindi). June 2007
1307:Meena, Madan (2021).
984:. Sage. p. 131.
615:
528:
505:
427:
329:(aboriginal people).
312:
219:
146:Related ethnic groups
2759:Musician communities
2725:Shaikhs of Rajasthan
2005:Modern Asian Studies
1964:Brown, Mark (2003).
1750:Sodh, Jiwan (1999).
1475:Modern Asian Studies
1193:. pp. 129–146.
949:The Culture of India
671:2011 Census of India
2420:Artisan communities
1955:Adak, Dipak Kumar.
1272:Rima Hooja (2006).
463:Herbert Hope Risley
443:Criminal Tribes Act
246:Criminal Tribes Act
206:Government of India
159: •
155: •
151: •
44:
2663:Muslim communities
2583:Tribal communities
2542:Priest communities
2331:Khandelwal Vaishya
1665:The Economic Times
1035:on 7 November 2013
618:
531:
511:Kumar Suresh Singh
508:
438:East India Company
430:
315:
242:British Government
222:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2658:
2657:
2195:Rajasthani people
2148:978-981-16-3423-9
1876:978-8-18-621168-7
1824:. pp. 45–58.
1763:978-8-17017-347-2
1736:978-8-18324-298-1
1646:978-8-13172-947-2
1612:978-8-17533-029-0
1578:978-3-64399-905-4
1546:(33): 2145–2161.
1365:978-0-253-34544-8
1330:978-981-16-3423-9
1227:978-1-107-08031-7
1138:978-8-17017-185-0
1108:978-8-17648-322-3
991:978-0-76193-446-2
703:Rajasthani people
669:According to the
653:Mandana Paintings
521:Caste reservation
428:A Meena of Jajurh
254:Indian Government
190:spurious language
166:
165:
16:(Redirected from
2873:
2756:
2695:Hussaini Brahmin
2690:Ghanchi (Muslim)
2554:Guru (community)
2523:Jaga (Rajasthan)
2341:Nema (community)
2310:Natrayat Charans
2305:Natrayat Rajputs
2265:Anjana Chaudhari
2240:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2165:
2160:
2121:
2100:
2071:
2030:
2020:
1995:
1985:
1960:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1803:Business Studies
1800:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1472:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1122:
1113:
1112:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1054:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1034:
1027:
1019:
1010:
1009:
1002:
996:
995:
973:
964:
963:
944:
938:
937:
930:
924:
923:
921:
919:
904:
895:
894:
874:
868:
867:
861:
857:
855:
847:
845:
843:
808:
802:
801:
799:
797:
787:"Meena in India"
783:
777:
776:
774:
766:
760:
753:
747:
746:
744:
742:
723:
685:news television
382:Kingdom of Amber
179:
174:
60:Total population
52:
45:
21:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2780:
2754:
2654:
2578:
2537:
2506:
2415:
2314:
2238:
2197:
2192:
2149:
2124:
2103:
2089:
2074:
2033:
1998:
1963:
1954:
1951:
1949:Further reading
1946:
1936:
1934:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1913:Hindustan Times
1907:
1906:
1902:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1849:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1798:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1710:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1685:. 9 March 2012.
1677:
1676:
1672:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1647:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1418:
1410:. p. 550.
1399:
1398:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1331:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1286:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1228:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1168:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1139:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1056:
1055:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1004:
1003:
999:
992:
975:
974:
967:
960:
946:
945:
941:
932:
931:
927:
917:
915:
906:
905:
898:
891:
876:
875:
871:
858:
848:
841:
839:
832:
810:
809:
805:
795:
793:
785:
784:
780:
772:
768:
767:
763:
754:
750:
740:
738:
725:
724:
720:
716:
699:
675:Hindustan Times
667:
661:
650:
634:Meenesh Jayanti
610:
591:sanskritisation
569:
535:Scheduled Tribe
523:
500:
492:
477:similar to the
467:Denzil Ibbetson
422:
374:
368:of themselves.
307:
302:
262:
250:Scheduled Tribe
232:similar to the
214:
202:Scheduled Tribe
177:[miːɳa]
172:
55:
40:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2879:
2877:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2793:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2771:Langha (tribe)
2768:
2762:
2760:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2710:Muslim Rangrez
2707:
2702:
2700:Khadem (caste)
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2670:Muslim Rajputs
2666:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2437:Kalwar (caste)
2434:
2429:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2336:Mathur Vaishya
2333:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2285:Kachhi (caste)
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2147:
2122:
2101:
2087:
2072:
2046:(2): 323–354.
2031:
2011:(2): 337–383.
1996:
1976:(2): 201–219.
1961:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1918:
1900:
1882:
1875:
1869:. Tara Books.
1854:
1847:
1827:
1812:
1786:
1769:
1762:
1742:
1735:
1715:
1708:
1688:
1670:
1667:. 31 May 2007.
1652:
1645:
1625:
1611:
1591:
1577:
1557:
1530:
1523:
1500:
1481:(2): 337–383.
1458:
1439:(2): 191–218.
1423:
1416:
1392:
1378:
1364:
1344:
1329:
1299:
1284:
1264:
1257:
1237:
1226:
1206:
1200:978-8132101178
1199:
1173:
1166:
1144:
1137:
1114:
1107:
1087:
1046:
1011:
997:
990:
965:
958:
939:
925:
912:Deutsche Welle
896:
889:
869:
830:
824:. p. 41.
803:
791:Joshua Project
778:
761:
748:
717:
715:
712:
711:
710:
705:
698:
695:
687:Deutsche Welle
663:Main article:
660:
657:
649:
646:
609:
606:
568:
565:
543:Madhya Pradesh
522:
519:
515:customary laws
499:
498:Recent history
496:
491:
488:
483:criminal tribe
421:
418:
373:
370:
306:
303:
301:
298:
270:Madhya Pradesh
261:
258:
213:
210:
164:
163:
148:
147:
143:
142:
135:
134:
130:
129:
86:
85:
81:
80:
76:
75:
71:
70:
62:
61:
57:
56:
53:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2878:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2735:Sindhi-Sipahi
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2219:Ravana Rajput
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2184:
2182:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2088:9788131602386
2084:
2080:
2079:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1850:
1848:9781317464006
1844:
1840:
1839:
1831:
1828:
1823:
1816:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1719:
1716:
1711:
1709:9783643999054
1705:
1701:
1700:
1692:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1629:
1626:
1614:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1595:
1592:
1580:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1561:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1526:
1524:9788170224716
1520:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1417:9781317464006
1413:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1396:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1367:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1285:9788129108906
1281:
1277:
1276:
1268:
1265:
1260:
1258:9781139449083
1254:
1250:
1249:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1219:
1218:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1167:9780761934462
1163:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1031:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1001:
998:
993:
987:
983:
979:
972:
970:
966:
961:
959:9781615301492
955:
951:
950:
943:
940:
935:
929:
926:
913:
909:
903:
901:
897:
892:
890:9781136198557
886:
882:
881:
873:
870:
865:
853:
837:
833:
831:9783643999054
827:
823:
820:
816:
815:
807:
804:
792:
788:
782:
779:
771:
765:
762:
758:
752:
749:
737:
733:
729:
722:
719:
713:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
696:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
666:
658:
656:
654:
647:
645:
643:
642:Shukla paksha
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
614:
607:
605:
601:
599:
594:
592:
588:
584:
581:
577:
572:
566:
564:
561:
559:
554:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
527:
520:
518:
516:
512:
504:
497:
495:
489:
487:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
435:
426:
419:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
372:Rajput period
371:
369:
367:
366:Rajputization
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
347:raison d'être
344:
340:
336:
335:glorious past
330:
328:
324:
320:
311:
304:
299:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
278:Uttar Pradesh
275:
271:
267:
259:
257:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
236:. But in the
235:
231:
227:
226:nomadic tribe
218:
211:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
178:
170:
162:
158:
154:
149:
144:
140:
136:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
77:
72:
68:
63:
58:
51:
46:
37:
33:
19:
2705:Muslim Gaddi
2630:Sansi people
2605:Bhil Gametia
2599:
2427:Soni (caste)
2396:Vijayvargiya
2381:Shrimal Jain
2275:Dangi people
2130:
2112:(1): 33–42.
2109:
2105:
2077:
2043:
2039:
2008:
2004:
1973:
1969:
1956:
1935:. Retrieved
1930:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1894:
1885:
1866:
1863:Meena, Madan
1857:
1837:
1830:
1815:
1809:(1 & 2).
1806:
1802:
1789:
1779:
1772:
1752:
1745:
1725:
1718:
1698:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1635:
1628:
1616:. Retrieved
1601:
1594:
1582:. Retrieved
1567:
1560:
1543:
1539:
1533:
1513:
1509:Singh, K. S.
1503:
1478:
1474:
1461:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1402:
1395:
1381:
1369:. Retrieved
1354:
1347:
1312:
1302:
1274:
1267:
1247:
1240:
1231:
1216:
1209:
1186:
1176:
1157:
1147:
1127:
1097:
1090:
1082:
1065:(1): 29–43.
1062:
1058:
1037:. Retrieved
1030:the original
1000:
981:
948:
942:
928:
916:. Retrieved
911:
879:
872:
840:. Retrieved
813:
806:
794:. Retrieved
790:
781:
764:
756:
751:
739:. Retrieved
730:(in Hindi).
721:
668:
659:Demographics
651:
629:
622:Pitra Tarpan
621:
619:
602:
595:
585:
579:
575:
573:
570:
567:Subdivisions
562:
555:
532:
509:
493:
431:
375:
363:
346:
334:
331:
316:
263:
223:
197:
193:
168:
167:
39:Ethnic group
36:
2750:Hela Mehtar
2452:Rajput Mali
2432:Gadia Lohar
1683:India Today
1039:18 February
860:|work=
796:3 September
741:18 February
355:British Raj
274:Maharashtra
238:British Raj
212:Ethnography
67:2011 Census
65:5 million (
2795:Categories
2645:Van Baoria
2620:Rath tribe
2595:Bhil Meena
2559:Rajpurohit
2411:Maheshwari
2224:Rajpurohit
914:(in Hindi)
819:LIT Verlag
714:References
587:Bhil Meena
475:hill tribe
230:hill tribe
173:pronounced
2766:Manganiar
2740:Singiwala
2610:Bhil Mama
2157:240554356
2068:144894079
1618:8 October
1584:8 October
1453:143535325
1408:Routledge
1339:240554356
1079:141602938
862:ignored (
852:cite book
842:8 October
736:BBC Hindi
691:BBC Hindi
679:Rajasthan
539:Rajasthan
490:Rebellion
473:and as a
451:Rajasthan
394:Kachhwaha
266:Rajasthan
260:Geography
208:in 1954.
84:Languages
2720:Hiranbaz
2685:Churigar
2650:Pateliya
2569:Brahmins
2472:Thathera
2376:Sarawagi
2366:Baranwal
2326:Agrawal
2118:41920055
2097:23620676
2060:43908348
2027:56335179
1865:(2009).
1511:(1993).
1495:56335179
1371:15 April
1294:80362053
836:Archived
697:See also
640:month's
471:animists
406:Jhalawar
400:rulers.
390:Dhundhar
343:Scotland
288:and the
194:Meenanda
139:Hinduism
133:Religion
106:Dhundari
2730:Silawat
2625:Saharia
2533:Motisar
2502:Meghwal
2447:Pinjara
2391:Veerwal
2361:Banjara
2356:Gawaria
2270:Bishnoi
2260:Gurjar
1992:4028233
1552:4401625
822:Münster
708:Susawat
638:Chaitra
630:Dharadi
608:Culture
598:Parihar
558:Gurjars
547:Vidisha
410:Karauli
378:Rajputs
361:group.
351:Persian
339:Finland
327:adivasi
300:History
286:Haryana
252:by the
204:by the
157:Parihar
110:Harauti
102:Marwari
2776:Mirasi
2745:Sorgar
2715:Qassab
2680:Chadwa
2635:Tirgar
2487:Halwai
2482:Kumhar
2477:Suthar
2442:Kharol
2406:Khatri
2386:Vankar
2295:Seervi
2280:Dhakar
2229:Rabari
2214:Charan
2209:Rajput
2155:
2145:
2116:
2095:
2085:
2066:
2058:
2025:
1990:
1937:12 May
1873:
1845:
1760:
1733:
1706:
1643:
1609:
1575:
1550:
1521:
1493:
1451:
1414:
1362:
1337:
1327:
1292:
1282:
1255:
1224:
1197:
1164:
1135:
1105:
1077:
988:
956:
934:"Mina"
918:12 May
887:
828:
732:Ranchi
683:German
626:Diwali
455:Punjab
414:Jalore
398:Muslim
359:tribal
323:Vishnu
319:Matsya
305:Origin
282:Punjab
114:Mewati
98:Mewari
18:Meenas
2640:Vagri
2600:Meena
2574:Sevag
2564:Rawal
2549:Bhopa
2528:Rawal
2518:Bhāts
2497:Salvi
2462:Sunar
2457:Regar
2401:Kewat
2371:Bafna
2351:Patwa
2346:Oswal
2300:Tyagi
2290:Kirar
2153:S2CID
2114:JSTOR
2093:JSTOR
2064:S2CID
2056:JSTOR
2023:S2CID
1988:JSTOR
1799:(PDF)
1548:JSTOR
1491:S2CID
1471:(PDF)
1449:S2CID
1335:S2CID
1075:S2CID
1033:(PDF)
1026:(PDF)
773:(PDF)
580:adakh
576:adakh
506:Meena
479:Bhils
386:Bundi
313:Minas
294:India
234:Bhils
182:India
169:Meena
126:Bhili
122:Malvi
118:Wagdi
94:Hindi
79:India
43:Meena
2615:Koli
2590:Bhil
2467:Teli
2255:Ahir
2234:Jogi
2143:ISBN
2083:ISBN
1939:2022
1871:ISBN
1843:ISBN
1807:XLII
1758:ISBN
1731:ISBN
1704:ISBN
1641:ISBN
1620:2014
1607:ISBN
1586:2014
1573:ISBN
1519:ISBN
1412:ISBN
1373:2013
1360:ISBN
1325:ISBN
1290:OCLC
1280:ISBN
1253:ISBN
1222:ISBN
1195:ISBN
1191:Sage
1162:ISBN
1133:ISBN
1103:ISBN
1041:2022
986:ISBN
954:ISBN
920:2022
885:ISBN
864:help
844:2014
826:ISBN
798:2023
743:2022
616:Mina
465:and
453:and
412:and
402:Kota
341:and
284:and
198:Mina
186:Bhil
153:Bhil
128:etc.
90:Mina
2675:Meo
2492:Nai
2250:Jat
2135:doi
2048:doi
2013:doi
1978:doi
1931:BBC
1895:BBC
1483:doi
1441:doi
1317:doi
1067:doi
648:Art
392:by
292:in
196:or
161:Meo
2797::
2151:.
2141:.
2129:.
2110:38
2108:.
2091:.
2062:.
2054:.
2044:57
2042:.
2038:.
2021:.
2009:54
2007:.
2003:.
1986:.
1974:36
1972:.
1968:.
1929:.
1911:.
1893:.
1805:.
1801:.
1681:.
1663:.
1544:29
1542:.
1489:.
1479:54
1477:.
1473:.
1447:.
1437:13
1435:.
1406:.
1333:.
1323:.
1311:.
1288:.
1230:.
1189:.
1117:^
1081:.
1073:.
1063:27
1061:.
1049:^
1014:^
968:^
910:.
899:^
856::
854:}}
850:{{
834:.
817:.
789:.
734::
644:.
553:.
449:,
408:,
404:,
296:.
280:,
276:,
272:,
268:,
256:.
124:,
120:,
116:,
112:,
108:,
104:,
100:,
96:,
92:,
2187:e
2180:t
2173:v
2159:.
2137::
2120:.
2099:.
2070:.
2050::
2029:.
2015::
1994:.
1980::
1941:.
1915:.
1897:.
1879:.
1851:.
1766:.
1739:.
1712:.
1649:.
1622:.
1588:.
1554:.
1527:.
1497:.
1485::
1455:.
1443::
1420:.
1389:.
1375:.
1341:.
1319::
1296:.
1261:.
1203:.
1170:.
1141:.
1111:.
1069::
1043:.
1008:.
994:.
962:.
936:.
922:.
893:.
866:)
846:.
800:.
775:.
745:.
171:(
69:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
