566:, in parliament in September 1979 Courtney said: "Did believe that land was a scarce resource, and that, next to people, land was New Zealand's greatest resource?" Adding: "Both the country's economy and its way of life are based on the wise use of land." National's policy was geared towards the development of marginal land. This involved providing various subsidies and incentive schemes (like the Livestock Incentive Scheme 1976 and Land Development Encouragement Loans through the Rural Bank from 1978). Instead of a focus on efficiency and productivity in regards to existing farming operations the government aim was to increase production by land development on poor and marginal land. These schemes colloquially known as the skinny sheep schemes saw a sharp rise in sheep numbers (in 1982 sheep numbers reached 70.3 million according to Statistics NZ in 2011). The schemes have had a lasting impact on the New Zealand landscape and environment (with the overuse of fertilisers) and are still being felt today.
559:, "Why had the Government cut the first-year depreciation allowance on new plant and equipment by 35 per cent? Companies can develop and grow if the Government increases the first-year depreciation allowance...Did the Government appreciate the importance of new plant and equipment? Did the Government intend to help the small businesses that had a shortage of cash and working capital? If it did not intend to do anything about the first-year depreciation allowance, would it consider increasing the 10 per cent depreciation allowances on all stock." For workers he said that "we must ensure real reward for overtime and increased production." Taxation was another "killer...New Zealanders work for the tax system and National Superannuation in particular." He advocated for increased pre-tax income through "personal, family and child exemptions."
471:, about the health risks associated with lead in petrol. There had been a survey in Christchurch "which concluded that lead levels from petrol emissions must be regarded as a serious problem". However, Gill replied in a statement that, "there was no proven health hazard... the Government had no immediate plans to reduce the level". New Zealand only began to reduce lead in petrol in 1986 and did not remove it completely until 1996, twenty years after Courtney raised the issue.
536:. Courtney saw the key priorities for New Zealand as multidisciplinary scientific research, environmental assessment and protection, and fisheries monitoring and surveillance. He said, "The Americans have a budget of $ 52M and we are totally dependent on them for helicopters and shipping services...I feel we must invest in our own helicopters and a suitable ship which could be used for fisheries protection or other research for the rest of the year."
33:
592:" policy for the fishing industry. As the opposition convener of the fisheries sub-committee on production and marketing, he asserted "the policy is falling apart" expressing the view of many commercial fishers: "The industry expanded so rapidly it was overcapitalized with too many boats...the inshore fleet expanded and joint venture and duty free boats exerted further pressure"
605:
there." But he did say he was prepared to stand aside from the Labour candidacy rather than give up on his strong views on moral issues and those affecting his constituency. In the
December 1980 leadership vote of confidence Courtney voted against Rowling. Rowling clung onto the Labour leadership by one vote, his own.
604:
There was media speculation that
Courtney might defect from Labour and join National or Social Credit instead due to increasing differences over direction. However, in July 1980, he reaffirmed his ties with Labour stating that his first instincts were to "...stay within and try to change things from
412:
spoke at meetings in support of
Courtney and defended him from attacks by National that he was the wrong choice of a candidate and that Palmer was more suitable, highlighting that Courtney had lived and worked in Nelson for the last six years while Palmer had not. Labour fought a strong campaign and
385:, the secretary of the Nelson Labour Electorate Committee (LEC), pushed for Courtney to be selected believing him to be the most electable alternative to Palmer. Ultimately Courtney was chosen as Labour's candidate. Among those that were unsuccessful in their bid for the Labour Party nomination were
635:
to Nelson "as the sportsmen they are ...But then, the crunch comes, doesn't it? I must say I am uneasy about the estimated cost of $ 2 million for protection against any disruption. Is it all worth it?". In June 1981 the
Opposition bid to have the parliament urge the Rugby Union not to proceed with
474:
In August 1977, Courtney was very critical of
Muldoon and his financial management: "This Muldoon economic muddle has placed the country in a very serious position...Far from being an economic wizard, the Minister of Finance would have trouble managing a penny-in-the-slot machine. I would not trust
222:
He studied business administration and trained in the grocery industry in
Christchurch. In 1968, Courtney married his wife, Wendy, and the couple went on to have three children. His family moved from Christchurch to Nelson in 1970. He owned and operated Courtney Enterprises which, in the mid-1970s,
666:
to widen its scope. It was an important milestone in the organisation's history paving the way for the trust "to enter joint ventures or develop its own manufacturing capability". The
Government suspended standing orders to allow The Thomas Cawthron Trust Amendment Bill to be passed at a time when
683:
At the 1981 election supporters rallied around
Courtney's independent campaign and, although defeated, it was by the very narrow margin of 698 votes. Courtney took 37.0 per cent of the total vote, 3.4 percentage points behind the Labour candidate, and nearly three times as many votes as the
381:, but as he had not lived in the area for decades and had been a party member for less than two-years there was resistance to Palmer's nomination. A group of local party members threatened legal action over his membership tenure if he was nominated. To prevent a split in the membership
547:. Courtney "championed the cause of small businesses" within the Labour caucus and described them as the "lost tribe" of New Zealand's commercial world (Courtney has the distinction of being the last member of any Labour caucus with a retail business background after the retirement of
527:
region stated that "New
Zealand is getting tremendous value for its modest investment in Antarctic research." Going on to say "it is vital we maintain our presence there." New Zealand's marine environment, the climate and weather systems and patterns are intrinsically connected to
459:
In
December 1976, Courtney said in a written statement that the National Government had borrowed more than $ 1000 million after only a year in office. He said this contrasted with the Prime Minister presenting himself to the electorate as "the man who was going to stop borrowing".
674:
MP to become a representative on the Electoral Boundaries Commission alongside the two major parties, Labour and National. However, "Labour members took a rare step and voted with the Government" blocking there being another party's voice on the commission.
218:
who helped them to be accepted. His father had problems with alcohol and eventually left the family. As a 14-year old he got an after-school job at a grocery store leaving school at 16 to work at the store full time before shifting to work at a supermarket.
659:, why work in the home was not considered work but "household duties", and also the person who carried out this work was not considered to be in an occupation or a job in the census. The Minister replied that this would be reflected in the next census.
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the 1978 Labour Party general election result was a "major disappointment" for Courtney. He had advocated during the campaign that the party "return to the old Labour Party philosophies of job opportunities for everyone, education, health and housing."
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and the National Party. Rowling was not an effective counter to Muldoon: in Parliament Muldoon had the measure of Rowling and Rowling was perceived as weak in the media. Courtney has stated: "Rowling's handling of the Moyle 'affair' in 1977 by asking
333:
campaign began Howard was clearly ill and Courtney, as a member of her campaign committee, ensured she was assisted at public appearances. Howard had helped his family in their hour of need and he wanted to help her. He was a Labour candidate for the
577:, noted: "what Mel Courtney is doing at the moment is very significant. It seldom happens in two party politics." And, the Labour Party caucus "unanimously passed a resolution expressing confidence in Mr Courtney as a colleague." The
478:
The Labour Party suffered three defeats in the 1975, 1978 and 1981 general elections under the leadership of Bill Rowling. Courtney saw the momentum that had been gained under the prime ministership of the charismatic Labour leader
632:
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were expected later in the year). There had been no such visit of American warships to New Zealand since 1964. In September 1976 Courtney followed up and put a parliamentary question to the Prime Minister,
608:
In February 1981 Courtney announced that he had let his membership of the Labour Party (which was due in January) lapse. In March 1981 Courtney withdrew from the Labour Party caucus and sat in the
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and the other was opposition to American warships' visits to New Zealand. In July 1976 Courtney presented a petition to Parliament, signed by over 20,000 people (including the Nelson based writer
1983:
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in nearly 40 years with political scientists Stephen Levine and Alan McRobie commenting that the Nelson contest was "what would have been the most dramatic election upset of the last 45 years".
555:
at the 1978 election). He was concerned by the National Government's reduction in depreciation rates particularly the impact on small businesses and asked the Minister for Trade and Industry,
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Courtney waged a local issues campaign and proved "an excellent choice" as a candidate. He stressed Nelson's needs as a community as the major theme of his campaign, which was managed by MPs
512:), from the Opposition front bench. Courtney has commented: "The leaders of political parties are not always right and they don't have a monopoly on good judgment". Rata would go onto form
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Courtney owned and operated supermarkets in Nelson and at its peak, he had five of them. He retired to Australia in about 2000. He returned to live in Nelson in late 2014 or early 2015.
539:
In May 1979, Courtney broke ranks with trade unions and publicly disagreed with a strike action by butchers. In August 1979 he openly contradicted Rowling (who held the neighbouring
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2003:
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in the 1960s. He noticed firsthand Howard's cognitive decline stating: "She was past her best. She didn't know who I was. She kept thinking I was a newspaper reporter." As the
947:
357:; for some of that time, he was also a member of parliament. He had a three-year gap and then became a member of the city council for another three-year term under mayor
2013:
1973:
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died in early January 1976, Courtney stood for the Labour nomination in the subsequent by-election. The party head office in Wellington, as well as party leader
2008:
1978:
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to resign in response to Rob Muldoon's attacks in parliament was wrong." There were protests at the 1977 Labour Party Conference because of the treatment of
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not only retained the seat but increased their majority as well, the victory at the polls vindicated the decision of the Labour Party's selection committee.
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During the late 1970s, Courtney expressed concern about the lack of a government land use policy. Asking a question of the Under-Secretary for Agriculture,
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483:(1972–74) was being eroded and lost by Rowling. Courtney firmly believed that change was needed in the leadership in order to beat
456:, to ascertain the cost of the USS Truxtun visit alone to the New Zealand taxpayer and it was estimated to be at least $ 110,000.
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from 1976 to 1981 and was opposition spokesman for horticulture and fisheries for five years. He was a recipient of both the
208:
508:, the party's experienced and well-regarded Māori Affairs spokesman (Rata had been instrumental in the establishment of the
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Government business normally took precedence. Neither the Government nor the Opposition opposed the Independent MP's bill.
891:. Of the 12 successful candidates, Courtney was elected with 6,743 votes. Courtney was re-elected with 8,601 votes in the
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His family wished to get a state house, but faced constant rejection from state housing officials. They went to local MP
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In September 1981 Courtney introduced a private members' bill into parliament that enabled the Nelson based
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From the early 1970s to the mid 1980s, two key issues emerged on the road to the eventual declaration of a
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on 2 October 1943, the son of Clifford Francis and Joyce Elizabeth Courtney. He grew up in the suburb of
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Labour Representation Committee and organised campaigns in the electorate for Mabel Howard and later
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Kuiper, Hans (14 February 1976). "Major Parties Hard at Work Promoting Election to Nelsonians".
920:
915:
Ward achieving the election quota threshold on the first round or iteration of voting under the
624:, MP for Nelson from 1911 to 1946. Atmore had been the last independent MP to be elected to the
172:(born 2 October 1943) is a New Zealand politician. He is a Nelson City Councillor and a former
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In August 1981 Courtney asked in a parliamentary question to the Minister of Statistics,
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candidate's share of the vote. This was the best result by an independent candidate in
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1760:"Nelson City Council 2019 Triennial Elections Final Result and Expense Returns"
1886:
Mel Courtney's Political Papers. National Register of Archives and Manuscripts
1112:"Mel Courtney to run for Nelson City Council after re-entering politics at 72"
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In October 1981 Courtney supported a motion in parliament that would allow a
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branch of the party in Nelson also gave their unanimous support to Courtney.
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electorate) by stating his support for a private jet-foil service across the
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In an interview in March 1981 Courtney said he would welcome members of the
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Mitchell, David (27 February 1981). "Can Mel follow where Atmore led?".
436:
1733:"Major shake-up at Nelson City Council with four changes at the table"
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was made only a few days before the 35th anniversary of the death of
504:
Following the 1978 election, Rowling alienated Māori by removing
1138:"Labour Chooses Coastal Shipping Enthusiast to Contest Nelson".
1094:. Vol. CVIII, no. 31817. 23 October 1968. p. 33.
616:. Courtney's announcement of his independent candidacy for the
1634:"Opposition bid against 'Bok tour fails after vote in House".
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1101:
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in 1984: one was the opposition to French nuclear tests at
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owned two supermarkets and had fifty employees in Nelson.
1837:
From Muldoon to Lange: New Zealand Elections in the 1980s
993:. Auckland: New Zealand Who's Who Aotearoa. p. 108.
1513:"Marilyn – aspiring musician to practising politician".
1896:
Submission on Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Bill 2018
496:
by Rowling. After Courtney's strong performance in the
1857:(4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer.
1872:
Ministers and Members: In the New Zealand Parliament
1407:"Submission on Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Bill"
1321:"Submission on Electoral (Integrity) Amendment Bill"
1068:
1066:
1984:
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
1275:"Getting lead out of petrol was a 20 year struggle"
155:
147:
139:
128:
105:
100:
84:
72:
46:
23:
1685:"New legislation widens scope of Cawthron Trust".
1668:"New legislation widens scope of Cawthron Trust".
887:Courtney came out of political retirement for the
1891:Radio New Zealand Interview 1981. Sound Archives
1257:"Economics a difficulty in reducing additives".
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523:In December 1978, Courtney after visiting the
2024:People associated with the Cawthron Institute
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424:in 1977 for service to the community and the
8:
2004:New Zealand MPs for South Island electorates
1782:Working with David: Inside the Lange Cabinet
652:"was absent, reportedly in her electorate".
68:28 February 1976 – 28 November 1981
1855:New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984
428:in recognition of services to New Zealand.
353:for six years during the 1970s under mayor
1905:
1462:"Economic plight of South Island argued".
1189:"Clear-cut win to Labour in by-election".
694:
636:the tour was lost 48 votes to 36. The two
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20:
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1617:"Nelson M.P. would welcome Springboks".
1496:"Land-use features in Labour speeches".
588:In June 1980, Courtney was against the "
342:, but was not elected. Mabel Howard and
230:
2014:New Zealand businesspeople in retailing
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939:
1974:Independent politicians in New Zealand
1835:Levine, Steven; McRobie, Alan (2002),
977:
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969:
895:. He also stood unsuccessfully in the
321:Courtney was the vice-chairman of the
1302:"Fish, chips and 'economic muddle'".
866:
850:
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463:In April 1977, Courtney wrote to the
249:
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7:
2009:20th-century New Zealand politicians
1979:21st-century New Zealand politicians
899:, placing second to incumbent mayor
610:New Zealand House of Representatives
426:New Zealand 1990 Commemoration Medal
408:. Moyle, Faulkner and Labour leader
1848:, Auckland: Oxford University Press
1731:Carson, Jonathan (9 October 2016).
1651:"Housewife as job in next census".
1564:"MP has not thought of defection".
1072:
991:Honoured by the Queen – New Zealand
475:one of my businesses to his care."
1901:Nelson City Council Roll of Honour
1874:. Dunedin: Otago University Press.
349:Courtney was an elected member of
346:also stood and were unsuccessful.
14:
1479:"Small business role supported".
1388:"Mr Rata Not in Labour Line-up".
1041:"Courtney, Melvyn Francis, 1943–"
1691:. 14 September 1981. p. 13.
1674:. 14 September 1981. p. 13.
1519:. 25 September 1979. p. 21.
1223:"Truxtun costs Govt $ 110,000".
814:
794:
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1964:People from Nelson, New Zealand
1926:Member of Parliament for Nelson
1502:. 24 September 1979. p. 2.
1439:. 19 December 1978. p. 12.
1405:Courtney, Mel (13 March 2018).
1377:. 22 November 1978. p. 32.
1319:Courtney, Mel (13 March 2018).
1229:. 11 September 1976. p. 2.
633:touring South Africa rugby team
1989:Independent MPs of New Zealand
1870:Wood, G. Anthony, ed. (1996).
1853:Wilson, James Oakley (1985) .
1803:. Wellington: Millwood Press.
1485:. 14 November 1979. p. 7.
1246:. 7 December 1976. p. 12.
1240:"N.Z. borrowing now $ 1000M".
209:Christchurch Technical College
1:
1846:Oxford History of New Zealand
1818:Rowling: The Man and the Myth
1708:. 22 October 1981. p. 3.
1394:. 8 December 1978. p. 1.
1206:"Ship ban sought by 20,000".
1161:. 4 February 1976. p. 6.
1144:. 4 February 1976. p. 6.
1110:Moore, Bill (15 March 2016).
433:New Zealand nuclear-free zone
1999:New Zealand Labour Party MPs
1994:New Zealand social democrats
1844:Rice, Geoffrey, ed. (1992),
1657:. 1 August 1981. p. 22.
1468:. 20 August 1979. p. 2.
1308:. 15 August 1977. p. 2.
1155:"Labour chooses local man".
907:Courtney was elected in the
422:Queen's Silver Jubilee Medal
1623:. 25 March 1981. p. 3.
1263:. 13 April 1977. p. 6.
1086:"Christchurch City Council"
921:Electionz.com Electionz.com
2040:
2019:New Zealand businesspeople
1839:, Rangiora: MC Enterprises
1820:. Auckland: Fraser Books.
1702:"Labour votes with Govt".
1640:. 25 June 1981. p. 1.
1536:. 25 July 1980. p. 4.
1195:. 1 March 1976. p. 1.
596:Magazine, June 1980 pg.5.
498:Nelson by-election in 1976
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1719:Levine & McRobie 2002
1605:Levine & McRobie 2002
1570:. 2 July 1980. p. 3.
1553:. 8 July 1980. p. 2.
1433:"'Good value' for N.Z.".
1212:. 9 July 1976. p. 1.
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416:Courtney represented the
377:, favoured law professor
336:Christchurch City Council
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1816:Henderson, John (1981).
1784:. Auckland: Hodder Moa.
1371:"Jobs the 'big issue'".
883:Return to local politics
1969:Nelson City Councillors
393:and the aforementioned
170:Melvyn Francis Courtney
1910:New Zealand Parliament
1762:. Nelson City Council.
1412:New Zealand Parliament
1391:The New Zealand Herald
1326:New Zealand Parliament
626:New Zealand Parliament
573:, the National MP for
307:Changed allegiance to:
234:New Zealand Parliament
207:, and was educated at
159:Supermarket proprietor
143:Wendy Kerr (died 2015)
50:New Zealand Parliament
16:New Zealand politician
1045:The Community Archive
897:2019 mayoral election
697:1981 general election
690:New Zealand elections
618:1981 general election
557:Lance Adams-Schneider
369:When Nelson's MP Sir
199:Courtney was born in
195:Early life and family
1547:"All for Courtney".
1530:"Party backs M.P.".
1049:Archives New Zealand
905:2022 local elections
893:2019 local elections
889:2016 local elections
365:Member of Parliament
181:Member of Parliament
1799:Gee, David (1977).
1607:, pp. 49, 198.
987:Coddington, Deborah
868:Registered electors
700:
569:In September 1979,
351:Nelson City Council
237:
1721:, pp. 70, 74.
695:
664:Cawthron Institute
594:Commercial Fishing
465:Minister of Health
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1942:
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1936:Philip Woollaston
1933:Succeeded by
1791:978-1-86971-094-1
1583:, pp. 24–25.
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734:Philip Woollaston
549:Paddy Blanchfield
510:Waitangi Tribunal
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948:"Wendy Courtney"
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227:Political career
191:of New Zealand.
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1742:. Retrieved
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1416:. Retrieved
1410:
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1366:
1361:, p. ?.
1354:
1342:
1330:. Retrieved
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1158:The Dominion
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1121:. Retrieved
1115:
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1080:
1053:. Retrieved
1044:
1035:
1029:. p. 6.
1024:
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956:. Retrieved
951:
942:
929:
901:Rachel Reese
886:
749:
744:
739:
732:
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682:
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607:
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430:
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410:Bill Rowling
399:
387:Sonja Davies
375:Bill Rowling
368:
359:Peter Malone
355:Roy McLennan
348:
344:Trevor Davey
320:
306:
283:–1981
258:–1978
221:
216:Mabel Howard
213:
201:Christchurch
198:
189:South Island
169:
168:
122:Christchurch
86:Succeeded by
63:
25:Mel Courtney
18:
1954:1943 births
1550:Nelson Mail
952:Nelson Mail
758:Independent
614:independent
600:Independent
551:MP for the
545:Cook Strait
494:Colin Moyle
490:Colin Moyle
481:Norman Kirk
445:USS Truxtun
441:Maurice Gee
402:Colin Moyle
327:Norman Kirk
314:Independent
247:Electorate
178:Independent
74:Preceded by
1948:Categories
1930:1976–1981
1771:References
707:Candidate
646:Gary Knapp
564:Rob Talbot
553:West Coast
530:Antarctica
506:Matiu Rata
469:Frank Gill
156:Occupation
135:(formerly)
112:1943-10-02
1863:154283103
1801:Our Mabel
1705:The Press
1688:The Press
1671:The Press
1654:The Press
1637:The Press
1620:The Press
1533:The Press
1516:The Press
1499:The Press
1482:The Press
1465:The Press
1436:The Press
1374:The Press
1305:The Press
1260:The Press
1243:The Press
1226:The Press
1209:The Press
1192:The Press
1091:The Press
913:Tahunanui
903:. In the
838:Majority
824:Mike Ward
699:: Nelson
590:Think Big
583:Tahunanui
187:, in the
64:In office
1780:(2008).
1287:1 August
1073:Gee 1977
1055:14 March
989:(1994).
779:National
686:National
532:and the
525:Ross Sea
323:Sydenham
205:Spreydon
148:Children
1809:5310410
919:system.
872:22,288
862:+14.47
856:20,289
852:Turnout
771:−13.49
437:Mururoa
291:Nelson
1861:
1824:
1807:
1788:
1744:13 May
1123:13 May
1051:. 2009
997:
958:28 May
859:91.03
819:Values
806:1,545
789:13.55
786:2,749
768:36.97
765:7,500
745:40.41
740:8,198
727:Labour
710:Votes
704:Party
612:as an
541:Tasman
297:Labour
274:Labour
267:Nelson
250:Party
241:Years
185:Nelson
174:Labour
140:Spouse
133:Labour
56:Nelson
1418:3 May
1332:3 May
1280:Stuff
934:Notes
909:Stoke
844:3.44
831:1.46
809:7.61
640:MPs,
579:Stoke
575:Waipa
303:1981
244:Term
176:then
1859:OCLC
1822:ISBN
1805:OCLC
1786:ISBN
1746:2017
1420:2022
1334:2022
1289:2023
1125:2017
1057:2018
995:ISBN
960:2022
841:698
828:297
644:and
447:and
404:and
340:1968
287:39th
281:1978
262:38th
256:1976
183:for
106:Born
54:for
917:STV
397:.
338:in
1950::
1735:.
1409:.
1323:.
1277:.
1114:.
1100:^
1088:.
1065:^
1047:.
1043:.
1009:^
985:;
968:^
950:.
717:±%
713:%
628:.
581:–
520:.
467:,
389:,
361:.
211:.
114:)
1865:.
1830:.
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1748:.
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1291:.
1127:.
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1003:.
962:.
911:-
151:3
110:(
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