528:
513:
465:
489:
56:
42:
329:
195:
74:
370:: Forewing: apex obtuse and more or less falcate; termen posterior to falcation straight or sinuous. Upperside: ground colour similar to that in the wet-season form, the markings, especially the ferruginous lunules inwardly bordering the black sub-apical spots on forewing, larger, more extended below and above the black costa. Hindwing: the ocellus in interspace 2 absent, posteriorly replaced by three or four minute white subterminal spots.
477:
501:
657:
627:
363:
Underside paler, densely covered with transverse dark brown striae; a discal curved dark brown narrow band on forewing; a post-discal similar oblique band, followed by a series of ocelli: four on the forewing, that in interspace 8 the largest; six on the hindwing, the apical and subtornal the
351:
slightly angulated just below apex, or straight. Upperside brown. Forewing with two large subapical black spots, each with a smaller spot outwardly of pure white inwardly bordered by a ferruginous interrupted lunule;
512:
373:
Underside varies in colour greatly. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen in both seasonal forms brown or greyish brown: the antennae annulated with white, ochraceous at apex.
845:
K. C. Hamer; J. K. Hill; S. Benedick; N. Mustaffa; V. K. Chey; M. Maryati (2006). "Diversity and ecology of carrion- and fruit-feeding butterflies in
Bornean rain forest".
189:
527:
1044:
1083:
804:
776:
464:
590:
1018:
381:
Resident butterflies are known to fight off visitors to the area during dusk hours. This chase behaviour is elicited even by pebbles thrown nearby.
1207:
570:
1212:
692:
1202:
1070:
1197:
1187:
1182:
1177:
772:"Additions of the larval host plants of butterflies of the Western Ghats, Kerala, Southern India (Rhopalocera, Lepidoptera): Part 1"
796:
356:
margin narrowly pale. Hindwing with a dark, white-centred, fulvous-ringed ocellus subterminally in interspace two, and the apical
1217:
1192:
740:
1172:
488:
1162:
301:, is a common species of butterfly found flying at dusk. The flight of this species is erratic. They are found in Africa,
1167:
353:
348:
322:
966:
943:
1088:
73:
55:
847:
476:
41:
328:
883:
636:
1075:
971:
430:
168:
640:
557:. New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal & Indinov Publishing, New Delhi. pp. 162–163.
823:
Gaden S. Robinson; Phillip R. Ackery; Ian J. Kitching; George W. Beccaloni; Luis M. Hernández (2007).
771:
1098:
992:
930:
670:
921:
728:
1157:
864:
709:
206:
68:
1062:
1049:
500:
194:
1119:
979:
824:
566:
357:
1134:
856:
749:
701:
558:
1124:
660:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
630:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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442:
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135:
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17:
906:
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562:
404:
302:
1005:
310:
145:
105:
85:
1111:
958:
360:, sometimes also others of the ocelli, on the underside, showing through.
900:
424:
1023:
686:
D. J. Kermp (2003). "Twilight fighting in the evening brown butterfly,
436:
418:
1036:
450:
399:
115:
95:
877:
1010:
389:
327:
193:
729:"Visual mate searching behaviour in the evening brown butterfly,
997:
881:
797:"Additions to known larval host plants of Indian butterflies"
825:"HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants"
890:
690:(L.) (Nymphalidae): residency and age effects".
675:. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 118–125.
554:A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India
805:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
777:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
8:
878:
642:Fauna of British India. Butterflies Vol. 1
546:
544:
453:, and in rare cases visit rotting fruits.
54:
40:
31:
621:
619:
617:
615:
551:Varshney, R.K.; Smetacek, Peter (2015).
198:Evening Common Brown resting on a window
584:
582:
540:
460:
770:S. Kalesh & S. K. Prakash (2007).
599:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
7:
1099:3e7f7f96-33ea-435b-85b1-94bb8f7dc29f
765:
763:
693:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
25:
321:For a key to the terms used, see
754:10.1046/j.1440-6055.2002.00311.x
741:Australian Journal of Entomology
733:(L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)"
655:
625:
526:
511:
499:
487:
475:
463:
72:
1:
1208:Butterflies described in 1758
323:Glossary of entomology terms
1213:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
848:Journal of Tropical Ecology
672:Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. II
347:: Forewing: apex subacute;
1234:
795:Krushnamegh Kunte (2006).
410:Rotboellia cochinchinensis
388:feed on a wide variety of
320:
1203:Lepidoptera of Cape Verde
861:10.1017/S0266467405002750
706:10.1007/s00265-003-0602-7
563:10.13140/RG.2.1.3966.2164
212:
205:
174:
167:
69:Scientific classification
67:
62:
53:
48:
39:
34:
1198:Butterflies of Singapore
1188:Butterflies of Indonesia
1183:Butterflies of Australia
1178:Butterflies of Indochina
1218:Insect pests of millets
1193:Butterflies of Malaysia
637:Bingham, Charles Thomas
521:dry season forms, Nepal
264:Melanitis leda africana
256:Melanitis leda africana
1173:Butterflies of Oceania
449:Adults feed mainly on
428:, and millets such as
341:
309:extending to parts of
199:
1163:Butterflies of Africa
431:Oplismenus compositus
331:
197:
35:Common evening brown
299:common evening brown
27:Species of butterfly
1168:Butterflies of Asia
727:D. J. Kemp (2002).
645:. pp. 158–159.
342:
200:
1145:
1144:
1120:Open Tree of Life
884:Taxon identifiers
595:(Linnaeus, 1758)"
572:978-81-929826-4-9
482:Upperside pattern
414:Brachiaria mutica
290:
289:
284:
283:Aurivillius, 1911
272:
271:Fruhstorfer, 1908
260:
259:Fruhstorfer, 1908
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16:(Redirected from
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589:Savela, Markku.
586:
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548:
530:
515:
503:
491:
479:
467:
392:including rice (
340:, larva and pupa
282:
270:
258:
250:
248:Cyllo fulvescens
242:
234:
232:Papilio solandra
226:
218:
180:
77:
76:
63:Dry-season form
58:
49:Wet-season form
44:
32:
21:
18:Melanitis ismene
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1107:Observation.org
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443:Eleusine indica
379:
368:Dry-season form
345:Wet-season form
336:(nominate) and
326:
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307:South-east Asia
235:Fabricius, 1775
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28:
23:
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949:Melanitis_leda
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936:Melanitis_leda
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922:Melanitis leda
912:
896:
894:
892:Melanitis leda
888:
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882:
875:
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837:
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787:
759:
748:(4): 300–305.
731:Melanitis leda
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688:Melanitis leda
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593:Melanitis leda
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294:Melanitis leda
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276:Melanitis leda
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243:Westwood, 1851
237:
229:
224:Papilio ismene
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219:Linnaeus, 1758
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830:September 27,
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812:(1): 119–120.
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669:(1893–1896).
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457:Image gallery
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828:. Retrieved
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602:. Retrieved
598:
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519:M. l. ismene
518:
448:
441:
435:
429:
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395:Oryza sativa
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386:caterpillars
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251:Guénée, 1863
247:
240:Cyllo helena
239:
231:
223:
216:Papilio leda
215:
177:
175:
160:M. leda
159:
158:
146:
29:
1032:iNaturalist
916:Wikispecies
700:(1): 7–13.
470:caterpillar
332:Subspecies
317:Description
136:Nymphalidae
126:Lepidoptera
1152:Categories
536:References
506:Dry season
494:Wet season
405:Andropogon
303:South Asia
106:Arthropoda
1158:Melanitis
1063:161327876
364:largest.
311:Australia
268:zitenides
154:Species:
147:Melanitis
92:Kingdom:
86:Eukaryota
1071:LepIndex
1050:10268112
956:BioLib:
907:Q2715925
901:Wikidata
869:86365463
714:36085557
639:(1905).
425:Imperata
280:plagiata
227:Cramer,
207:Synonyms
186:Linnaeus
132:Family:
102:Phylum:
96:Animalia
82:Domain:
1135:7641489
1024:1895956
604:July 2,
437:Panicum
419:Cynodon
400:bamboos
390:grasses
377:Ecology
358:ocellus
142:Genus:
122:Order:
116:Insecta
112:Class:
1132:uBio:
1112:106658
1096:NZOR:
1089:127353
1076:142557
1011:MLATLE
998:140106
959:404239
867:
712:
664::
634::
569:
451:nectar
354:costal
349:termen
338:ismene
297:, the
1125:31511
1045:IRMNG
1037:51584
985:3Z82W
972:19646
865:S2CID
800:(PDF)
736:(PDF)
710:S2CID
1084:NCBI
1058:IUCN
1019:GBIF
1006:EPPO
967:BOLD
832:2010
606:2018
567:ISBN
440:and
384:The
334:leda
305:and
278:ab.
190:1758
993:EoL
980:CoL
944:AFD
931:ADW
857:doi
810:103
782:104
750:doi
702:doi
559:doi
398:),
266:f.
1154::
1122::
1109::
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1008::
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946::
933::
918::
903::
863:.
853:22
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780:.
774:.
762:^
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744:.
738:.
708:.
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834:.
756:.
752::
716:.
704::
608:.
591:"
575:.
561::
325:.
184:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
