928:
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58:
612:, but Zeus was refusing to let him do so. Eventually, as a result of Heracles' pleading, Zeus came up with a plan. He skinned a ram and cut off his head, then he held the head in front of himself, wore the fleece, and showed himself to Heracles like that. That is why the Egyptian statues of Zeus have a ram's head, is why rams are sacred to the Thebans, and they do not use them as sacrificial animals. However there is just one day of the year—the day of the
127:
324:
65:
1033:
801:. Coring results suggest that future excavations in that sondage should expect to take the stratification down into the Buto-Maadi Period. The material excavated so far is already the longest uninterrupted stratification for all of the Nile Delta, and possibly for all of Egypt.
1154:
1159:
616:—when they chop up a single ram, skin it, dress the statue of Zeus in the way mentioned, and then bring the statue of Heracles up close to the statue of Zeus. Then everyone around the
1174:
503:
as the only town of note in the
Mendesian nome. From its position at the junction of the river and the lake, it was probably encroached upon by their waters, after the
989:, edited by Donald Bruce Redford. Vol. 2 of 3 vols. Oxford, New York, and Cairo: Oxford University Press and The American University in Cairo Press. 376–377.
1184:
810:
693:(the settlement site of Thmuis to the south). Overall, Mendes is about 3 km long from north to south and averages about 900m east-to-west. An
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1005:
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724:. Under the direction of Redford, the current excavations are concentrating on a number of areas in and around the main temple.
658:-like Baphomet and its supposed connection with Mendes has since been repeated by various occultists, conspiracy theorists, and
351:
354:
356:
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were uncovered. The original structures were buried, added to, or incorporated into later ones over time by later rulers.
395:
In ancient times, Mendes was a famous city that attracted the notice of most ancient geographers and historians, including
1179:
1042:
717:
300:
57:
1194:
600:: "...whereas anyone with a sanctuary of Mendes or who comes from the province of Mendes, will have nothing to do with (
794:
491:. (Plin. xiii. 1. s. 2.) Mendes, however, declined early, and disappears in the first century AD; since both Ptolemy (
1056:
477:
times, the nome it governed was one of the nomes assigned to that division of the native army which was called the
638:, because goats had a reputation for lustful behavior and were used in the iconography of pre-Christian gods like
1126:
754:
A cemetery of sacred rams was discovered in the northwest corner of Tell El-Ruba. Monuments bearing the names of
942:
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28:
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of the main deity worshiped here. Evidence has suggested that their construction dates from at least the
713:
588:
466:
139:
847:"Pan en Egypte et le «bouc» de Mendès" by Youri Volokhine, in Francesca Prescendi and Youri Volokhine,
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in the Nile delta, and consists of both Tell El-Ruba (the site of the main temple enclosure) and
686:
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that conflated it with the goat of Mendes and the imagery of the
Satanic satyr. The image of the
627:
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1022:
1001:
900:
871:
861:
288:
835:
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207:
199:
1069:
893:"An Interim Report on the Naqada III – First Intermediate Period Stratification at Mendes"
412:
227:
1081:
721:
428:
195:
173:
849:
Dans le laboratoire de l'historien des religions: Mélanges offerts à Philippe
Borgeaud
1148:
1037:
705:
690:
568:
552:
470:
304:
184:
767:
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as his sacrificial animals... They say that
Heracles' overriding desire was to see
284:
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1000:. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 20. Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill.
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were also found. A temple attested by its foundation deposits was built by
739:. It is thought that four separate pylons or gates existed for each of the
560:
651:
564:
512:
400:
1036: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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processional-style temple has recently uncovered foundation deposits of
620:
mourns the death of the ram and finally they bury it in a sacred tomb."
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674:
536:
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1012:
Egyptian
Archaeology: The Bulletin of the Egyptian Exploration Society
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299:. The two cities are only several hundred meters apart. During the
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704:. Several campaigns of 20th-century excavations have been led by
609:
597:
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238:
215:
921:
432:
431:, situated at the point where the Mendesian arm of the Nile (
177:
1010:———. 2005. "Mendes: City of the Ram God."
1078:"The Akhenaten Temple Project Excavations at Tel er-Rub'a"
453:. Archaeological evidence attests to the existence of the
483:, and the city was celebrated for the manufacture of a
851:. Editions Labor et Fides, 2011, pp. 637–642, 646–647.
770:, which Donald Redford concluded was destroyed by the
1155:
Populated places established in the 4th millennium BC
650:(1855) drew an image of the fictitious medieval idol
343:
150:
138:
120:
39:
1160:Populated places disestablished in the 1st century
575:the Child"), they formed the triad of Mendes.
778:and the University of Toronto in 1992–1993.
461:period (4th millennium BCE). Under the first
8:
189:
1113:
985:Redford, Donald Bruce. 2001. "Mendes". In
774:, was discovered by a joint team from the
347:
311:(now silted up), about 35 km east of
36:
972:Learn how and when to remove this message
811:List of ancient Egyptian towns and cities
465:, Mendes quickly became a strong seat of
1175:Populated places in Dakahlia Governorate
987:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt
935:This article includes a list of general
685:The site is today the largest surviving
1048:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
827:
592:as being represented with the head and
307:, lying on the Mendesian branch of the
149:
119:
84:
50:
1065:
1054:
642:and the goat of Mendes. The occultist
137:
7:
816:List of historical capitals of Egypt
797:from the Middle Kingdom down to the
634:as manifesting himself as a goat or
34:Place in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt
1080:. November 10, 2000. Archived from
700:is estimated to contain over 9,000
427:). The city was the capital of the
231:
941:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1109:Egyptian Monuments: Tell el-Rub'a
834:Herodotus, History, Book II, 42 (
648:Dogme et Rituel de la Haute Magie
582:deity of Mendes was described by
523:18, 63) Thmuis had attracted its
511:, and when they were repaired by
441:, p. 43; Ptol. iv, 5. § 10;
303:, Mendes was also the capital of
206:, also known in ancient Egypt as
1185:Former populated places in Egypt
1031:
926:
336:at Tell El-Ruba (ancient Mendes)
214:("The Domain of the Ram Lord of
125:
63:
56:
1019:Cultural Atlas of Ancient Egypt
469:and remained so throughout the
64:
1:
1170:Archaeological sites in Egypt
992:———. 2004.
718:Pennsylvania State University
507:fell into neglect under the
487:designated as the Mendesium
457:at least as far back as the
793:has revealed uninterrupted
499:(iii. p. 160) mention
291:, until it was replaced by
1221:
891:Adams, Matthew J. (2009).
433:
241:is located in the eastern
178:
26:
1133:
1124:
1116:
1017:Baines & Malek 2000:
449:) flows into the lake of
190:
85:
51:
1200:Former capitals of Egypt
776:University of Washington
708:institutions, including
549:Ba of the Lord of Djedet
1165:Cities in ancient Egypt
956:more precise citations.
29:Mendes (disambiguation)
1104:The Great Mendes Stela
1051:. London: John Murray.
682:
421:Stephanus of Byzantium
337:
994:Excavations at Mendes
870:. Brill. p. 34.
867:Excavations at Mendes
714:University of Toronto
673:
467:provincial government
407:(xvii. p. 802),
326:
264:30.95833°N 31.51583°E
105:30.95833°N 31.51583°E
1180:Roman sites in Egypt
1021:, Checkmarks Books.
998:The Royal Necropolis
222:, is known today as
145:Dakahlia Governorate
27:For other uses, see
1195:Tells (archaeology)
1045:, ed. (1854–1857).
781:On the edge of the
749:foundation deposits
710:New York University
567:. With their child
563:, the fish goddess
539:of Mendes were the
497:P. Aelius Aristides
419:(iv. 5. § 51), and
399:(ii. 42, 46. 166),
260: /
101: /
1084:on August 11, 2015
862:Redford, Donald B.
683:
628:early modern times
604:) goats, but uses
338:
269:30.95833; 31.51583
110:30.95833; 31.51583
1143:
1142:
1134:Succeeded by
1064:Missing or empty
1057:cite encyclopedia
982:
981:
974:
877:978-90-04-13674-8
758:, Merneptah, and
735:below the second
681:, found at Mendes
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77:Location in Egypt
16:(Redirected from
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1127:Capital of Egypt
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614:festival of Zeus
527:and population.
509:Macedonian kings
471:Ancient Egyptian
443:Mendesium ostium
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434:Μενδήσιον στόμα
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1043:Smith, William
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795:stratification
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766:. The tomb of
745:Middle Kingdom
722:Donald Redford
706:North American
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86:Coordinates:
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1086:. Retrieved
1082:the original
1066:|title=
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997:
996:. Volume 1:
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838:translation)
830:
783:temple mound
780:
768:Nepherites I
760:Ramesses III
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727:Work on the
726:
720:team led by
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647:
644:Eliphas Levi
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301:29th Dynasty
280:of the 16th
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224:Tell El-Ruba
223:
219:
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198:name of the
183:
169:
168:
44:
954:introducing
756:Ramesses II
729:New Kingdom
695:Old Kingdom
677:of pharaoh
602:sacrificing
545:Banebdjedet
473:period. In
376:hieroglyphs
313:al-Mansurah
297:Roman Egypt
267: /
212:Banebdjedet
140:Governorate
108: /
1190:Nile Delta
1149:Categories
1137:Sebennytos
1088:October 3,
962:April 2009
937:references
918:References
702:interments
698:necropolis
559:, and his
535:The chief
255:31°30′57″E
252:30°57′30″N
243:Nile delta
96:31°30′57″E
93:30°57′30″N
764:Amasis II
733:Merenptah
660:neopagans
618:sanctuary
589:Histories
584:Herodotus
489:unguentum
480:Calasires
475:Classical
459:Naqada II
403:(i. 84),
397:Herodotus
334:Amasis II
295:in Greco-
152:Time zone
1205:Baphomet
864:(2004).
805:See also
772:Persians
712:and the
652:Baphomet
565:Hatmehit
531:Religion
513:Augustus
463:Pharaohs
401:Diodorus
232:تل الربع
202:city of
191:Μένδητος
1040::
950:improve
787:sondage
741:Avatars
675:Ushabti
646:in his
586:in his
561:consort
537:deities
485:perfume
447:ll. cc.
417:Ptolemy
319:History
278:capital
218:") and
194:), the
121:Country
1025:
1004:
939:, but
903:
874:
594:fleece
557:Osiris
547:(lit.
543:deity
517:Sueton
505:canals
501:Thmuis
495:) and
439:Scylax
405:Strabo
293:Thmuis
228:Arabic
216:Djedet
204:Djedet
179:Μένδης
170:Mendes
130:
71:Mendes
45:Djedet
41:Mendes
822:Notes
747:, as
737:pylon
679:Hakor
666:Ruins
656:satyr
636:satyr
632:Satan
606:sheep
596:of a
573:Horus
525:trade
493:l. c.
451:Tanis
425:s. v.
220:Anpet
196:Greek
174:Greek
157:UTC+2
133:Egypt
1120:Sais
1090:2006
1070:help
1023:ISBN
1002:ISBN
901:ISBN
872:ISBN
785:, a
687:tell
610:Zeus
598:goat
578:The
521:Aug.
455:town
409:Mela
329:Naos
309:Nile
285:nome
239:city
237:The
640:Pan
626:in
580:ram
555:of
541:ram
374:in
332:of
289:Kha
287:of
234:).
208:Per
188:.:
185:gen
161:EST
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1061::
1059:}}
1055:{{
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