61:
472:
41:
487:
kingfish have elongated bodies which have a rounded cross section and a flat underside. The head is long and low with a somewhat conical snout which protrudes past the horizontal mouth. There are slits and pores above the mouth with a short, stout barbel on the chin with a pore at its tip and a
745:"Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae"
997:
1023:
545:
655:
527:
fishes are found in the eastern
Pacific between California and Peru and in the western Atlantic from Massachusetts in the north to northern Argentina.
1100:
971:
620:
1010:
727:
859:
831:
447:
1062:
591:
1105:
669:
630:
1015:
462:
60:
945:
413:
691:
1028:
274:
557:
393:
422:
367:
777:
408:
352:
337:
156:
885:
456:
437:
139:
1090:
1049:
950:
382:
373:
1067:
932:
651:
616:
579:
443:
1095:
287:
270:
801:
428:
207:
183:
55:
1054:
923:
1036:
1002:
958:
723:
664:
625:
358:
233:
211:
1041:
692:"Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes)"
318:
496:
is supported by between 10 and 13 flexible sins and between 19 and 27 soft rays while the
471:
295:
292:
229:
112:
40:
399:
102:
1084:
937:
855:
827:
773:
343:
262:
196:
162:
509:
489:
278:
148:
963:
492:
may be smooth or weakly serrated and the gill cover is incised at its angle. The
984:
917:
493:
236:
122:
908:
291:
does not recognise subfamilies within the
Sciaenidae which it places in the
282:
259:
72:
247:. These fish are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.
902:
868:
840:
786:
717:
516:) which has a maximum published total length of 40 cm (16 in).
497:
92:
976:
501:
500:
has a single weak spine and 7 to 9 soft rays. The scales are small and
30:
512:
of 71 cm (28 in) and the smallest is the Paita kingcroaker (
989:
82:
879:
744:
743:
Christopher
Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (9 March 2023).
504:. The largest species in the genus is the California kingcroaker (
470:
883:
806:
Shorefishes of the
Greater Caribbean online information system
802:"Genus: Menticirrhus, Kingfish Croaker, King-Croakers"
321:, an allusion to the single thick barbel on the chin.
258:
was first proposed as a genus in 1861 by the
American
716:
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016).
699:
Memoirs of the
Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University
239:, the drums or croakers. They are commonly known as
892:
285:Sciaeninae by some workers, but the 5th edition of
654:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
619:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
749:The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database
546:"A compendium of fossil marine animal genera"
8:
277:, as its only species and designated as its
751:. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara
880:
768:
766:
39:
20:
808:. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
722:(5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502.
475:Kingfish caught from the Great South Bay.
536:
611:
609:
607:
190:
7:
281:. This genus has been placed in the
550:Bulletins of American Paleontology
14:
621:"Genera in the family Sciaenidae"
488:number of pores at its base. The
1101:Extant Miocene first appearances
592:World Register of Marine Species
508:) which has a maximum published
332:contains the following species:
59:
670:California Academy of Sciences
631:California Academy of Sciences
1:
1122:
394:Menticirrhus ophicephalus
273:by Linnaeus in 1763 from
189:
182:
175:
170:
154:
147:
56:Scientific classification
54:
47:
38:
23:
872:. February 2023 version.
858:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
844:. February 2023 version.
830:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
790:. February 2023 version.
776:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
467:(California kingcroaker)
862:Menticirrhus americanus
578:Nicolas Bailly (2011).
544:Sepkoski, Jack (2002).
423:Menticirrhus panamensis
404:(Snakehead kingcroaker)
368:Menticirrhus littoralis
338:Menticirrhus americanus
313:, meaning "chin", and
49:Menticirrhus americanus
1106:Ray-finned fish genera
834:Menticirrhus undulatus
656:"Species in the genus
476:
457:Menticirrhus undulatus
438:Menticirrhus saxatilis
409:Menticirrhus paitensis
389:(Highfin king croaker)
353:Menticirrhus elongatus
348:(Southern kingcroaker)
1050:Paleobiology Database
690:Kunio Sasaki (1989).
652:Eschmeyer, William N.
617:Eschmeyer, William N.
556:: 560. Archived from
474:
363:(Pacific kingcroaker)
228:is a genus of marine
29:Temporal range: Late
433:(Panama kingcroaker)
309:is a combination of
719:Fishes of the World
452:(Northern kingfish)
418:(Paita kingcroaker)
288:Fishes of the World
778:"Species in genus
477:
383:Menticirrhus nasus
378:(Gulf kingcroaker)
1078:
1077:
1037:Open Tree of Life
886:Taxon identifiers
729:978-1-118-34233-6
665:Catalog of Fishes
626:Catalog of Fishes
466:
451:
432:
417:
403:
388:
377:
362:
347:
232:belonging to the
221:
220:
215:
200:
143:
1113:
1071:
1070:
1058:
1057:
1045:
1044:
1032:
1031:
1019:
1018:
1006:
1005:
993:
992:
980:
979:
967:
966:
954:
953:
941:
940:
928:
927:
926:
913:
912:
911:
881:
874:
873:
852:
846:
845:
824:
818:
817:
815:
813:
798:
792:
791:
770:
761:
760:
758:
756:
740:
734:
733:
713:
707:
706:
696:
687:
681:
680:
678:
676:
648:
642:
641:
639:
637:
613:
602:
601:
599:
598:
575:
569:
568:
566:
565:
541:
460:
441:
426:
412:
397:
386:
371:
356:
341:
206:
195:
138:
64:
63:
43:
21:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1066:
1061:
1053:
1048:
1040:
1035:
1027:
1022:
1014:
1009:
1001:
996:
988:
983:
975:
970:
962:
957:
949:
944:
936:
931:
922:
921:
916:
907:
906:
901:
888:
878:
877:
854:
853:
849:
826:
825:
821:
811:
809:
800:
799:
795:
772:
771:
764:
754:
752:
742:
741:
737:
730:
715:
714:
710:
694:
689:
688:
684:
674:
672:
650:
649:
645:
635:
633:
615:
614:
605:
596:
594:
577:
576:
572:
563:
561:
543:
542:
538:
533:
522:
482:
480:Characteristics
387:(Günther, 1868)
327:
304:
296:Acanthuriformes
253:
230:ray-finned fish
166:
160:
137:
113:Acanthuriformes
58:
34:
27:
17:
16:Genus of fishes
12:
11:
5:
1119:
1117:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1059:
1046:
1033:
1020:
1007:
994:
981:
968:
955:
942:
929:
914:
898:
896:
890:
889:
884:
876:
875:
856:Froese, Rainer
847:
828:Froese, Rainer
819:
793:
774:Froese, Rainer
762:
735:
728:
708:
682:
643:
603:
570:
535:
534:
532:
529:
521:
518:
481:
478:
469:
468:
453:
434:
419:
405:
390:
379:
364:
349:
326:
323:
317:, which means
303:
300:
267:Perca alburnus
252:
249:
219:
218:
217:
216:
201:
187:
186:
180:
179:
173:
172:
168:
167:
161:
157:Perca alburnus
152:
151:
145:
144:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
103:Actinopterygii
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
52:
51:
45:
44:
36:
35:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1118:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
991:
986:
982:
978:
973:
969:
965:
960:
956:
952:
947:
943:
939:
934:
930:
925:
919:
915:
910:
904:
900:
899:
897:
895:
891:
887:
882:
871:
870:
865:
863:
857:
851:
848:
843:
842:
837:
835:
829:
823:
820:
807:
803:
797:
794:
789:
788:
783:
781:
775:
769:
767:
763:
750:
746:
739:
736:
731:
725:
721:
720:
712:
709:
705:(1–2): 1–137.
704:
700:
693:
686:
683:
671:
667:
666:
661:
659:
653:
647:
644:
632:
628:
627:
622:
618:
612:
610:
608:
604:
593:
589:
585:
583:
574:
571:
560:on 2009-02-20
559:
555:
551:
547:
540:
537:
530:
528:
526:
519:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
486:
479:
473:
464:
459:
458:
454:
449:
445:
440:
439:
435:
430:
425:
424:
420:
415:
411:
410:
406:
401:
396:
395:
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385:
384:
380:
375:
370:
369:
365:
360:
355:
354:
350:
345:
340:
339:
335:
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333:
331:
324:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
301:
299:
297:
294:
290:
289:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:Theodore Gill
261:
257:
250:
248:
246:
242:
238:
235:
231:
227:
226:
213:
209:
205:
202:
198:
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159:
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136:
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108:
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98:
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88:
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84:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
67:
62:
57:
53:
50:
46:
42:
37:
32:
26:
22:
19:
1091:Menticirrhus
938:Menticirrhus
924:Menticirrhus
894:Menticirrhus
893:
867:
861:
850:
839:
833:
822:
810:. Retrieved
805:
796:
785:
780:Menticirrhus
779:
753:. Retrieved
748:
738:
718:
711:
702:
698:
685:
673:. Retrieved
663:
658:Menticirrhus
657:
646:
634:. Retrieved
624:
595:. Retrieved
587:
582:Menticirrhus
581:
573:
562:. Retrieved
558:the original
553:
549:
539:
525:Menticirrhus
524:
523:
520:Distribution
514:M. paitensis
513:
510:total length
506:M. undulatus
505:
490:preoperculum
485:Menticirrhus
484:
483:
455:
436:
429:Steindachner
421:
407:
392:
381:
366:
351:
336:
330:Menticirrhus
329:
328:
314:
310:
307:Menticirrhus
306:
305:
286:
279:type species
269:, a species
266:
256:Menticirrhus
255:
254:
244:
241:kingcroakers
240:
225:Menticirrhus
224:
223:
222:
203:
192:
176:
155:
149:Type species
134:Menticirrhus
133:
132:
48:
25:Menticirrhus
24:
18:
985:iNaturalist
918:Wikispecies
584:Gill, 1861"
1096:Sciaenidae
1085:Categories
597:2012-03-06
564:2008-01-08
531:References
494:dorsal fin
414:Hildebrand
275:Charleston
237:Sciaenidae
123:Sciaenidae
33:to Present
448:Schneider
302:Etymology
283:subfamily
271:described
260:biologist
212:Eigenmann
193:Cirrimens
177:see text
79:Kingdom:
73:Eukaryota
903:Wikidata
869:FishBase
841:FishBase
787:FishBase
498:anal fin
374:Holbrook
344:Linnaeus
251:Taxonomy
245:kingfish
184:Synonyms
171:Species
163:Linnaeus
119:Family:
93:Chordata
89:Phylum:
83:Animalia
69:Domain:
1003:1063066
977:2400075
909:Q135256
502:ctenoid
465:, 1854)
450:, 1801)
431:, 1877)
402:, 1840)
376:, 1847)
361:, 1864)
359:Günther
346:, 1758)
325:Species
315:cirrhus
214:, 1889
204:Umbrula
199:, 1862
142:, 1861
129:Genus:
109:Order:
99:Class:
31:Miocene
1068:159324
1042:462719
1029:278733
1016:169273
812:29 May
755:29 May
726:
675:29 May
636:29 May
463:Girard
446:&
416:, 1946
400:Jenyns
319:barbel
311:mentum
234:family
210:&
208:Jordan
165:, 1766
1063:WoRMS
1055:36087
998:IRMNG
990:89855
951:84619
695:(PDF)
588:WoRMS
444:Bloch
293:order
265:with
1024:NCBI
1011:ITIS
972:GBIF
964:5P5S
946:BOLD
814:2023
757:2023
724:ISBN
677:2023
638:2023
197:Gill
140:Gill
959:CoL
933:ADW
554:364
243:or
1087::
1065::
1052::
1039::
1026::
1013::
1000::
987::
974::
961::
948::
935::
920::
905::
866:.
838:.
804:.
784:.
765:^
747:.
703:36
701:.
697:.
668:.
662:.
629:.
623:.
606:^
590:.
586:.
552:.
548:.
298:.
864:"
860:"
836:"
832:"
816:.
782:"
759:.
732:.
679:.
660:"
640:.
600:.
580:"
567:.
461:(
442:(
427:(
398:(
372:(
357:(
342:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
