Cryptic crossword - Knowledge

4428:, and intrinsic rewards such as mental challenge. Solvers voluntarily choose to engage with intellectually and culturally stimulating activities like music, theatre, reading, and the arts in their leisure time, and pursue active musical participation such as singing or playing an instrument at noticeably higher levels than the UK national average. Solving cryptic crossword clues can lead to a succession of 'Aha!' or 'Penny-Dropping' Moments which is highly rewarding; Friedlander and Fine suggest that research could take advantage of the range of cryptic crossword devices to explore the mechanics of insight in more depth. Looking at expert cryptic crossword solvers – who speedily overcome the clue misdirection – and comparing them with typical, everyday solvers of equal experience may provide a better understanding of the kind of person who can overcome a solving 'hitch' more easily, and how they go about it. 868: 3153:, under the pseudonym of "Tiresias" (supposedly "a distinguished academic churchman"). It is currently set by Eddie James under the name "Cyclops". This crossword is usually topical, and contains material varying from risqué to rude, in clues, answers and the solver's head; much of the rudeness is by innuendo. It also often includes references to the content of the rest of the magazine, or its jargon in which, for example, the current monarch of the UK is "Brian" and the last one "Brenda". The £100 prize for the first correct solution opened is unusually high for a crossword and attracts many entrants. 2946:"Themed" or "variety" cryptics have developed a small but enthusiastic following in Britain, the United States, and elsewhere. Variety cryptics are arguably among the most difficult of all crossword puzzles, both to compile and to solve, since they often involve alterations to the answers before entry into the grid, meaning that there is no assurance that the cross clues will match up unless properly altered. 33: 7652: 1991:, a flow-er of London. Here, the surface reading suggests a blossom, which disguises the fact that the name of a river is required. Notice the question mark: this is often (though by no means always) used by compilers to indicate this sort of clue is one where you need to interpret the words in a different fashion. The way that a clue reads as an ordinary sentence is called its 7743: 830:. In these variety puzzles, one or more clues may require modification to fit into the grid, such as dropping or adding a letter, or being anagrammed to fit other, unmodified clues; un-clued spaces may spell out a secret message appropriate for the puzzle theme once the puzzle is fully solved. The solver also may need to determine where answers fit into the grid. 7635: 3712:, print a daily puzzle, which was also available free on-line until 31 August 2009. Various compilers (setters) compose the puzzles, each being indicated by their initials. As of November 2013, compilers from Monday to Saturday include LR (Liam Runnalls), RM (Rose McGinley), DP (David Plomley), DH (Donald Harrison), NS (Nancy Sibtain), DA ( 3416:"Canada's national newspaper" includes a daily cryptic somewhat less difficult than its British cousins. The crossword also comes with another set of "Quick Clues" (American-style) which provide a completely different set of answers. Fraser Simpson compiles the Saturday cryptic; he also used to compile an advanced cryptic in 3020:, has a regular setter for each day of the week, plus a few occasional setters to cover holidays or sickness. Regular setters include John Halpern, Ray Terrell, Jeremy Mutch, Don Manley, Allan Smith, Steve Bartlett and Richard Palmer. The regular setters as of 1 November 2006 are shown in a photograph 1849:

The letter bank form of cluing consists of a shorter word (or words) containing no repeated letters (an "isogram"), and a longer word or phrase built by using each of these letters (but no others) at least once but repeating them as often as necessary. This type of clue has been described by American

525:

Because a typical cryptic clue describes its answer in detail and often more than once, the solver can usually have a great deal of confidence in the answer once it has been determined. The clues are "self-checking." This is in contrast to non-cryptic crossword clues which often have several possible

235:

the anagram fodder. I.e., "derby" is an anagram of "be dry". But "be" is doing double duty, and this means that any attempt to read the clue cryptically in the form " " fails: if "be" is part of the anagram indicator, then the fodder is too short, but if it is part of the fodder, there is no anagram

3344:

has incorporated a cryptic crossword credited to Anus. This is a collaboration of two setters, one of whom has a minor role in supplying some pre-written clues. In keeping with the comic's "top shelf" status the puzzle content is an amalgam of humour and obscenity, although the clueing style retains

2990:

from 1954 until her retirement in 2004, legally changed her surname to "Crisp" after divorcing in the 1970s. Some pseudonyms have obvious connotations: for example, Torquemada as already described, or "Mephisto" with fairly obvious devilish overtones. Others are chosen for logical but less obvious

2837:

is the first letter of "reach" because, grammatically, that is not what "reach first" implies. Instead, a phrase along the lines of "first to reach" would be needed as this conforms to rules of grammar. Many Libertarian crossword editors would, however, accept "reach first" as it would be considered

214:

We must expect the composer to play tricks, but we shall insist that he play fair. The Book of the Crossword lays this injunction upon him: "You need not mean what you say, but you must say what you mean." This is a superior way of saying that he can't have it both ways. He may attempt to mislead by

3381:

magazine had a long-running variety cryptic crossword, known as the Puzzler, created by Emily Cox and Henry Rathvon beginning in 1977, available only online since March 2006. The final original Puzzler was published in August 2009 for the September issue. An online archive of Puzzlers going back to

2937:

is often regarded as an ideal starting point, but this is contentious. Since all of the newspapers have different styles, concentrating on one of them is likely to lead to proficiency in only one style of clue-writing; moving to a different series, after perhaps years spent with just one, can leave

2889:

also – although its Toughie crossword can take a very Libertarian approach depending on the setter. None of the major daily cryptics in the UK is "strictly Ximenean"; all allow clues which are just cryptic definitions, and strict Ximenean rules exclude such clues. There are other differences like

3128:

crossword, which employs a barred grid and a wider vocabulary than standard cryptics, and in conjunction with its predecessors 'Torquemada' and 'Ximenes' is the longest-running series of barred-grid puzzles. On the first Sunday of every month and at Christmas, Azed runs a clue-writing competition,

2929:

Toughie series the setters' pseudonyms are published, so solvers become familiar with the styles of individual setters rather than house rules. Thus the level of difficulty is associated with the setter rather than the newspaper, though puzzles by individual setters can actually vary in difficulty

123:

Cryptic crosswords originated in the UK. The first British crossword puzzles appeared around 1923 and were purely definitional, but from the mid-1920s they began to include cryptic material: not cryptic clues in the modern sense, but anagrams, classical allusions, incomplete quotations, and other

3113:

Launched in Scotland as "The Newspaper that supports an independent Scotland" on 24 November 2014 after the independence referendum on 18 September. The National has a daily cryptic crossword after a request from readers to include one. The National is the only daily pro-independence newspaper in

3473:

Lightning, Sunnet, Spinner, Aspartame, Mac, Dr. X, KrisKross, Hypatia among others. In every cycle, a setter publishes a certain number of crosswords allotted to him or her, unlike British papers where things are mostly random. The Sunday Crossword is a syndicated crossword from the UK newspaper

3404:

Originally two separate publications, "GAMES" and "World of Puzzles", the two were merged in 2014 to become "GAMES WORLD OF PUZZLES," published nine times a year. The publication currently features two basic cryptics and two variety cryptics in each issue. Some other puzzles in the publication

1824:

If the two homophones are the same length, the clue should be phrased in such a way that only one of them can be the answer. This is usually done by having the indicator adjacent to the word that is not the definition; therefore, in the previous example, "we hear" was adjacent to "twins" and the

3223:

cryptic crossword is compiled in rotation by three setters: Jeff Pearce, Dean Mayer and David McLean, the latter taking over from Tim Moorey in January 2016. (Mr Moorey's final puzzle included the hidden message 'Farewell from Tim'; he continues to set Mephisto puzzles.) The position of puzzles

2959:

In this variety cryptic crossword, 18 clue answers are garbage, to be treated according to the mantra "13-Across 6-Across and 40-across." Specifically, six answers are too long for the grid; delete one letter. Six others are too short, double one letter. And six more don't match the crossing

2909:

are published anonymously, so the crossword editor ensures that clues adhere to a consistent house style. Inevitably each setter has an individual (and often very recognisable) approach to clue-writing, but the way in which wordplay devices are used and indicated is kept within a defined set of

854:

There are notable differences between British and North American (including Canadian) cryptics. American cryptics are thought of as holding to a more rigid set of construction rules than British ones. American cryptics usually require all words in a clue to be used in service of the wordplay or

840:

on cryptic crossword construction noted that for cryptic crosswords to be readily solvable, no fewer than half the letters for every word should be checked by another word for a standard cryptic crossword, while nearly every letter should be checked for a variety cryptic crossword. In most UK

3309:

introduced the Quick Cryptic crossword on March 24, 2014. It is a smaller and easier version of the paper's main daily cryptic crossword, and is designed to be more accessible to beginners and those who want a quicker challenge. The Quick Cryptic is 13x13 squares in size, compared to the main

3207:

s case, a puzzle's theme may be related to its specific number (such as a historic event that occurred in the year corresponding to the four-digit number of the puzzle for that week). Compilers include Doc (the puzzle editor as well as chief setter), Dumpynose (an anagram for 'Pseudonym') and

3037:

started printing a 'Toughie' crossword as well as the daily puzzle, from Tuesday to Friday. This is described by the paper as "the toughest crossword in Fleet Street" or similar and does include the setter's pseudonym. Comments from some solvers on these puzzles don't always agree with this

3472:

newspaper carries cryptic crosswords in the main paper from Monday to Saturday, and a much tougher Sunday Crossword in the Sunday Magazine supplement. The weekday crosswords are set by setters with the pseudonyms Gridman, Arden, Incognito, Afterdark, Buzzer, Neyartha, Scintillator, xChequer,

991:

Clues given to the solver are based on various forms of wordplay. Nearly every clue has two non-overlapping parts to it: one part that provides an unmodified but often indirect definition for the word or phrase, and a second part that includes the wordplay involved. In a few cases, the two

3228:

is also home to the difficult barred-grid Mephisto puzzle, currently set in rotation by Don Manley, Paul McKenna and Tim Moorey. Previous Mephisto setters were Richard Kilner (only setter, 1959 to 1973), Richard Whitelegg (only setter, 1973 to 1995), Chris Feetenby (1995-2008) and Mike Laws

4420:

Recent expertise studies by Friedlander and Fine, based on a large-scale survey of 805 solvers of all ability (mainly UK-based), suggest that cryptic crossword solvers are generally highly academically able adults whose education and occupations lie predominantly in the area of scientific,

513:

There are many sorts of wordplay, such as anagrams and double definitions, but they all conform to rules. The crossword setters do their best to stick to these rules when writing their clues, and solvers can use these rules and conventions to help them solve the clues. Noted cryptic setter

4421:

mathematical or IT-related fields. This STEM connection increases significantly with level of expertise, particularly for mathematics and IT. The authors suggest that cryptic crossword skill is bound up with code-cracking and problem-solving skills of a logical and quasi-algebraic nature.

190:

Torquemada's puzzles were extremely obscure and difficult, and later setters reacted against this tendency by developing a standard for fair clues, ones that can be solved, at least in principle, by deduction, without needing leaps of faith or insights into the setter's thought processes.

996:

clues. Most cryptic crosswords provide the number of letters in the answer, or in the case of phrases, a series of numbers to denote the letters in each word: "cryptic crossword" would be clued with "(7,9)" following the clue. More advanced puzzles may drop this portion of the clue.

608:

that have a special meaning in the cryptic crossword context. (In the example above, "about", "unfinished" and "rising" all fall into this category). Learning these, or being able to spot them, is a useful and necessary part of becoming a skilled cryptic crossword solver.

3098:

newspaper was launched in 2010 as a sister paper to The Independent, but was bought by Johnston Press in February 2016 when The Independent moved to digital-only publication. The fiendish Inquisitor puzzle is edited by John Henderson whose predecessor was the late former

2938:

the solver feeling as if they have gone back to square one. The better technique is to simply attempt as many different crosswords as possible, perhaps to find a "comfort zone" but, more importantly, to experience the widest possible range of Ximenean/Libertarian styles.

3572:

published book collections of his puzzles. From December 2011, the weekly puzzle was written by Joshua Kosman and Henri Picciotto. Their last cryptic for the magazine was published in March 2020. Kosman and Picciotto continue to offer a weekly cryptic at their website

490:. This gives the solver some instructions on how to get to the answer in another (less literal) way. The wordplay parts of clues can be obscure, especially to a newcomer, but they tend to utilise standard rules and conventions which become more familiar with practice. 1145:

for "leader". The definition is "managing money". With this example, the words appear in the same order in the clue as they do in the answer, and no special words are needed to indicate this. However, the order of the parts is sometimes indicated with words such as

1422:

can mean both "not seeing" and "window covering". Note that since these definitions come from the same root word, an American magazine might not allow this clue. American double definitions tend to require both parts to come from different roots, as in this clue:

3621:

For some of the time that this magazine was edited by Tina Brown (1997–1999), it included a small (8×10) barred-grid cryptic crossword, set by a range of American and Canadian setters. These puzzles are also available in a book collection, and were republished

2812:

Ximenean rules are very precise in terms of grammar and syntax, especially as regards the indicators used for various methods of wordplay. Libertarian setters may use devices which "more or less" get the message across. For example, when treating the answer

4416:

is triggered by solving cryptic crossword clues; the use of cryptic crosswords to preserve cognitive flexibility ("use-it-or-lose-it") in aging populations; and expertise studies into the drivers of high performance and ability in solving cryptics.

2123:

clue (short for "reverse engineer") is one which gives an anagrammed word in its text, and the solver has to determine the anagrammed word(s) and indicator that make the solution matching the definition. Such clues may or may not use an indicator.

384:

published the first of a new weekly series of cryptic puzzles. Other sources of cryptic crosswords in the U.S. (at various difficulty levels) are puzzle books, as well as UK and Canadian newspapers distributed in the U.S. Other venues include the

169:

from 1930. These newspaper puzzles were almost entirely non-cryptic at first and gradually used more cryptic clues, until the fully cryptic puzzle as known today became widespread. In some papers this took until about 1960. Puzzles appeared in

259:(1966), he set out more detailed guidelines for setting fair cryptic clues, now known as "Ximenean principles" and sometimes described by the phrase "square-dealing". The most important of them are tersely summed up by Ximenes' successor 2002:. It's almost certainly the oldest kind of cryptic clue: cryptic definitions appeared in the UK newspaper puzzles in the late 1920s and early 1930s that mixed cryptic and plain definition clues and evolved into fully cryptic crosswords. 855:

definition, whereas British ones allow for more extraneous or supporting words. In American cryptics, a clue is only allowed to have one subsidiary indication, but in British cryptics the occasional clue may have more than one; e.g., a

2029:

himself – with some regions/publications insisting his religious title "Rev." or "Reverend" be included. In contrast to all other clue types, this makes them almost impossible to disguise. But that does not necessarily make them easy.

3178:

is a joint publication between the American Statistical Association and the Royal Statistical Society; it contains a cryptic crossword in its puzzle section. The magazine offers a randomly awarded $ 150 or £100 to spend on

2054:

The vast majority of Spoonerism clues swap the first consonants of words or syllables, but Spoonerisms are not strictly restricted to that form and some setters will take advantage of this. John Henderson (Enigmatist in the

631:, but may also be more difficult. Words that can mean more than one thing are commonly exploited; often the meaning the solver must use is completely different from the one it appears to have in the clue. Some examples are: 806:, for example, all words have at least half the letters checked, and although words can have two unchecked squares in succession, they cannot be the first two or last two letters of a word. The grid shown here breaks one 1733:, which is "someone wanting women to vote". The word "odd" indicates that we must take only the odd-indexed letters of the rest of the clue ("stuff of Mr. Waugh is set"), i.e. every other letter beginning with the first. 2808:

Cryptic clue styles across newspapers are ostensibly similar, but there are technical differences which result in the work of setters being regarded as either Ximenean or Libertarian (and often a combination of both).

6837: 2193:, literally, as an indication of the meaning of the whole word, whether as a straight or as a veiled definition." In some publications, particularly in the United States, &lit clues are indicated by an 4411:

Research into cryptic crossword solving has been comparatively sparse. Several discrete areas have been explored: the cognitive or linguistic challenges posed by cryptic clues; the mechanisms by which the

6476: 3440:

This weekly local paper carries a cryptic once a month. It is compiled by Geraldine resident Jim Walton and titled JW Cryptic Crossword. As at April 2019, Jim had provided 244 cryptic crosswords for the

2187:(known by his pen name Ximenes), who defined it as meaning: "This clue both indicates the letters or parts of the required word, in one of the ways already explained in this book, and can also be read, 3524:" (Derek Crozier), which featured a fairly unorthodox style of clue-writing. The paper continued to run his puzzles after his death in April 2010. The last of Crozier's crosswords was published in the 1860:. The shorter word is typically at least three or four letters in length, while the target word or phrase is at least three letters longer than the bank word. For example, the four letters in the word 284:—difficult puzzles using barred grids and a large vocabulary. Easier puzzles often have more relaxed standards, permitting a wider array of clue types, and allowing a little flexibility. The popular 3080:

went online only in 2016, but still has a cryptic crossword. Setters include Virgilius, Dac, Phi, Quixote, Nimrod, Monk, Nestor, Bannsider, Anax, Merlin, Mass, Math, Morph, Scorpion, Tees and Punk (

1017:

is a rearrangement of a certain section of the clue to form the answer. This is usually indicated by a codeword which indicates change, movement, breakage or something otherwise amiss. One example:

3199:

often have a specific theme, such as a tribute to a public figure who has died recently or a historic event that has its anniversary this week. As in most British periodicals, the cryptic in the

6747: 176:

from 1930, but this was a weekly magazine rather than a newspaper, and the puzzles were much harder than the newspaper ones, though again they took a while to become entirely cryptic. Composer

6806: 5374: 2264:. A goose is an example of something that finds its origin in an egg, so the whole clue gives a definition. The clue can also be broken down cryptically: "E.g." loses its full stops to give 7262: 244:, but this also fails because the word "to", which is necessary to make the sentence grammatical, follows the indicator ("turns out") even though it is not part of the anagram indicated. 7293: 7386: 3553:

Lovatts Crosswords are a range of magazines sold throughout the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. Christine Lovatt is the main cryptic compiler, and she has been so for 30 years.

451:) is usually a distraction with nothing to do with the solution. The challenge is to find the way of reading the clue that leads to the solution. A typical clue consists of two parts: 3224:

editor is now held by Peter Biddlecombe. Until her retirement in December 2010, Barbara Hall was puzzles editor for 32 years, and wrote about half the paper's cryptic crosswords. The

215:

employing a form of words which can be taken in more than one way, and it is your fault if you take it the wrong way, but it is his fault if you can't logically take it the right way.

7417: 6397: 7355: 867: 6868: 6365: 3658:

The weekend edition features a cryptic crossword by "Kropotkin" (Rex Benson) in addition to The Observer's 'Everyman'. Rex died in 2019 but older Kropotkins are still published.

5602: 1050:). The indicator tells the solver an anagram exists, and the fodder provides the anagram to be solved. Indicators can come either directly before or directly after the fodder. 6446: 3727:

Includes a cryptic crossword from the Sunday Times in the Saturday edition in the Puzzles section. Friday and Sunday papers each have a different cryptic by Caroline Andrews.

2702:

Another type of abbreviation in clues might be words that refer to letters. For example, 'you' refers to the letter U, 'why' refers to the letter Y, etc. A clue for instance:

3543:

This weekly magazine includes a cryptic by David Tossman, who took over from RWH (Ruth Hendry) in 1997. RWH had been providing a mixed (some cryptic clues) puzzle since 1940.

5183:

A minor exception to this general rule is that simple abbreviations are sometimes used to add variety or challenge. For example, "Husband, a most eccentric fellow (6)" for

1086:

It is common for the setter to use a juxtaposition of indicator and fodder that together form a common phrase, to make the clue appear as normal as possible. For example:

3269:

also has "jumbo" (23×23) puzzles in the Saturday edition and since 1991 has provided a home for the famously difficult advanced cryptic puzzle which used to appear in the

615:

or setters often use slang terms and abbreviations, generally without indication, so familiarity with these is important for the solver. Abbreviations may be as simple as

115:

cryptics, in which some or all of the answers must be altered before entering, usually in accordance with a hidden pattern or rule which must be discovered by the solver.

5466: 710:

suffix must be understood in its 'equipped with' meaning. In the case of the '-er' suffix, this trick could be played with other meanings of the suffix, but except for

6829: 5747: 1896:

Kosman and Picciotto consider this to be a newer and more complicated form of cluing that offers another way, besides the anagram, of mixing and recombining letters.

1276:. In beheadments, a word loses its first letter. In curtailments, it loses its last letter, and internal deletions remove an inner letter, such as the middle one. 1006: 8297: 2397:) or even illness/speech pathology (e.g. words pronounced as if by someone with a blocked nose, lisp or stutter); e.g. "Arry's pronunciation of dame?", solution: 6468: 2901:

In terms of difficulty, Libertarian clues can seem impenetrable to inexperienced solvers. However, more significant is the setter him/herself. Crosswords in the

6649: 5664: 3647:, Richard Silvestri, or Fraser Simpson. One week in 18, it's a "Puns and Anagrams" puzzle, a relic of a 1940s attempt to introduce cryptic puzzles to the US. 3024:. The crossword editor is Chris Lancaster, who took over from Phil McNeill in early 2018. There is an advanced cryptic called Enigmatic Variations in the 1648:

It is possible to have initialisms just for certain parts of the clue. It is also possible to employ the same technique to the end of words. For example:

4436:

Cryptic crosswords often appear in British literature, and are particularly popular in murder mysteries, where they are part of the puzzle. The character

3568:

wrote the puzzle from late 1947 until his retirement in late 2009. Lewis developed one of the most recognizably personal styles of cryptic setting, and

2367:, involving words which have lost their first or last letter, similar to deletions; e.g. "Hard workers have a limit: one exam unfinished (8)", solution: 138:

from 1926 until his death in 1939, was the first setter to use cryptic clues exclusively and is often credited as the inventor of the cryptic crossword.

506:. One of the tasks of the solver is to find the boundary between the definition and the wordplay, and insert a mental pause there when reading the clue 6680: 6738: 6502: 6798: 5366: 5716: 518:(who wrote cryptics under the pseudonym of Ximenes) discusses the importance and art of fair cluemanship in his seminal book on cryptic crosswords, 3310:

cryptic's 15x15, and uses simpler wordplay. It also features semi-anonymous setters, so you can see who created the puzzle but not their real name.

8307: 4520: 790:(that is, each square provides a letter for both an across and a down answer), only about half of the squares in a cryptic crossword are checked. 7254: 7285: 1053:

In an American cryptic, only the words given in the clue may be anagrammed; in some older puzzles, the words to be anagrammed may be clued and

7378: 6233: 2025:

Both the solution word or phrase and its corresponding Spoonerism are clued for, and the clue type is almost always indicated by reference to

1752:. Homophone clues always have an indicator word or phrase that has to do with being spoken or heard. Examples of homophone indicators include 7479: 7235: 6573: 5690: 5508: 5433: 1465:("blue" (sad), "swallow" (drink), "feathers" (plumage), "fell" (cut down) and "from above"), but in the US this would be considered unsound. 6881:

We'll no longer publish a cryptic crossword on Sundays, but fans of the form can still access our archive of more than two hundred cryptics.

2933:

It is effectively impossible, then, to describe one newspaper's crosswords as the toughest or easiest. For newcomers to cryptic puzzles the

2284:

clue is a variant of the &lit. where the entire clue still provides the definition, but the wordplay is only given by part of the clue.

1079:– another "fruit". Indirect anagrams are not used in the vast majority of cryptic crosswords, ever since they were criticised by Ximenes in 8204: 7689: 7183: 6623: 7409: 7324: 1833:. The indicator could come between the homophones if they were of different lengths and the enumeration was given, such as in the case of 6405: 2151:

Revenge clues are not limited to anagrams; for instance, "Quickly grab containers for the setter? (4,2)" indicates a revenge reversal of

1998:

This type of clue is common in British and Canadian cryptics but is generally unused in American cryptics; in American-style crosswords,

406:

s website for several years, and ended with the October 2009 issue. A similar puzzle by the same authors now appears every four weeks in

107:

Cryptic crossword puzzles come in two main types: the basic cryptic in which each clue answer is entered into the diagram normally, and

8302: 7623: 180:, a lover of puzzles, is credited with introducing cryptic crosswords to American audiences, through a series of puzzles he created for 7347: 6714: 5984: 8118: 6860: 6357: 5612: 2652:

Abbreviations are popular with crossword compilers for cluing individual letters or short sections of the answer. Consider this clue:

1630:, the name of a famous "orphan in musical theatre". This is obtained from the first letters of "actor needing new identity emulates". 4529:, revolves around the clues and answers to a particular crossword puzzle, which had appeared on the day of the original broadcast in 1868:. Typically, the clue contains indicator words such as "use," "take," or "implement" to signal that a letter bank is being employed. 7451: 6781: 6533: 6428: 5559: 5425: 5405: 4498:(turned into a BBC television serial of the same name in 1995) centres round crossword solving and the hunt for a missing compiler. 4444:

is fond of solving cryptic crosswords, and the crosswords often become part of the mystery. Colin Dexter himself set crosswords for

6026: 1502:

clues, the solution itself is written within the clue – either as part of a longer word or across more than one word. For example:

419:

Cryptic crosswords are very popular in Australia. Most Australian newspapers will have at least one cryptic crossword, if not two.

7092:

Underwood, G.; Deihim, C.; Batt, V. (1994). "Expert performance in solving word puzzles: from retrieval cues to crossword clues".

6081: 5892: 5579: 2140:

The phrase "way to make" indicates that the solver should look for a word and anagram indicator that could rearrange to the words

7792: 3987: 5278: 4450:

for many years and was a national crossword champion. In the short story "The Fascinating Problem of Uncle Meleager's Will", by

2470:"Combination clues" employ more than one method of wordplay; this is particularly common for longer grid entries. For example: 2222:

carnate", as clued by "essentially", but the definition of Odin is also the whole clue, as Odin is essentially a God incarnate.

8214: 8063: 8023: 7887: 7597: 5458: 793:

In most daily newspaper cryptic crosswords, grid designs are restricted to a set of stock grids. In the past this was because

3265:

has a team of about 15 setters, many of whom set puzzles for other papers. The setter of each puzzle is not identified. The

7907: 7847: 447:

A cryptic clue leads to its answer only if it is read in the right way. What the clue appears to say when read normally (the

5739: 1662:, which used to be a kingdom in Africa (an "old country"). Here, we take the first letters of only the words "Head Office" ( 2517:

To make clues more difficult, cryptic constructors will frequently use traditional indicator words in a misleading manner.

1071:"chew" is the indicator, but "honeydew" does not directly provide the letters to be anagrammed. Instead, "honeydew" clues 463:. This is in essence the same as any non-cryptic crossword clue: a synonym for the answer. It usually exactly matches the 2738:, and word "didn't" indicates that this should be left out of the word "put"). Adding these together gets "the country". 412:, beginning in January 2010. Cryptic crosswords have become more popular in the United States in the years following the 8259: 7877: 7862: 390: 348: 6279: 2457:

Initial or final letter clues are also mentioned in this chapter, to be used "When the setter is in real desperation".

826:

with no black squares and a slightly smaller size; 12×12 is typical. Word boundaries are denoted by thick lines called

754:

back page, Monday 15 March 2017, 7 down, is "Banish spirits with zero ice upsetting imbibing times (8)"; the answer is

312:

is well loved for its humour and quirkiness, and quite often includes puzzles with themes, which are extremely rare in

7958: 7797: 6645: 5660: 5317: 1264:

Deletion is a wordplay mechanism which removes some letters of a word to create a shorter word. Deletions consist of

702:), and cannot be confirmed in a standard dictionary. A similar trick is played in the old clue "A wicked thing" for 5638: 2247:. Simultaneously, the whole clue is – with a certain amount of licence allowed to crossword setters – a definition. 7641: 2509:. "To turn" indicates a reversal, and "part of" suggests a piece of "Internet torrid"; the solution means "cruel". 1611:, which is a type of "primate". "Initially" signals that you must take the first letters of "amiable person eats". 1005: 7205: 2423:, involving non-English words as solutions; e.g. "English writer, but understood by all Frenchmen (4)", solution: 7902: 7872: 7802: 6559: 5496: 4516: 3745: 3702: 2026: 421: 199: 7562: 2018:

are switched between two words in a phrase (or syllables in a word) and the switch forms another pair of proper

340:

Cryptic crosswords do not commonly appear in U.S. publications, although they can be found in magazines such as

7585: 2353: 2184: 1468:

Some British newspapers have an affection for quirky clues of this kind where the two definitions are similar:

515: 252: 7682: 6116: 3625:

Starting in June of 2021, a new cryptic is published each week on Sunday. It uses the same 8x10 barred-grid.

8284: 7757: 6901: 6672: 4544: 3740: 3275: 3173: 2949:

As an example, a puzzle entitled "Trash Talk" by Bob Stigger in the June 2019 issue of the U.S. publication

2696: 1976:

Here the clue appears to say one thing, but with a slight shift of viewpoint it says another. For example:

408: 172: 159: 61: 6498: 2303:. The whole clue provides a definition of the answer (i.e. something that might be worn while listening to 8083: 7867: 4512: 4487: 3322: 3249:

crossword from 1930 and was one of those responsible for establishing its distinctive cryptic style. (The

3055:

s cryptic crosswords include Enigmatist, Pasquale, Paul (John Halpern), Rufus (now retired), and the late

2951: 2770:

Often, Roman numerals are used to break down words into their component letter groups. E.g. In this clue:

7591: 5712: 8058: 8008: 7897: 7852: 3882: 965:) also employs cryptic wordplay. Enthusiasts have also created cryptic crosswords in Hindi. Since 1994, 794: 291: 1448:

These clues tend to be short; in particular, two-word clues are almost always double-definition clues.

1404:

A clue may, rather than having a definition part and a wordplay part, have two definition parts. Thus:

1120:, the answer is formed by joining individually clued words to make a larger word (namely, the answer). 976:(The World's Most Difficult Crossword), which has many features in common with English-style cryptics. 5340: 3611:

have been collected in book form. Sondheim is himself a collector of old-time puzzles and board games.

8169: 7732: 5607: 5253:. Similarly, "found" provides a misdirection in that it might itself indicate hidden words elsewhere. 3640: 3639:

Two weeks in every 18, the "variety puzzle" in the Sunday edition is a cryptic crossword, usually by

3585: 3180: 3103:

crossword editor Mike Laws. The crosswords are often themed and may contain a Nina: a hidden feature.

3060: 2975: 2570: 2437: 1995:

and is often used to disguise the need for a different interpretation of the clue's component words.

1580: 726: 395: 125: 725:, or the name or codename of the compiler (if visible by the crossword), codes for some form of the 8339: 7675: 7076:

Individual differences in reading skill and lexical memory: the case of the crossword puzzle expert

6563: 6225: 4495: 3453: 2979: 779: 181: 7603: 5686: 8184: 8128: 7232:

Chambers Book of "Morse" Crosswords: Amazon.co.uk: Don Manley, Colin Dexter: 9780550102799: Books

6977: 6137: 4400: 2792:, which is 11 in Roman numerals (referring to the number of players on the field in a cricket or 950: 472: 413: 333: 7175: 6619: 2447:, the converse of a hidden word clue; e.g. "Cavalrymen disheartened in Normandy (4)", solution: 2179:

clue is one where the entire clue simultaneously provides both the definition and the wordplay.

841:

advanced ('variety') cryptics, at least three-quarters of the letters in each word are checked.

104:(i.e. standard) crosswords, and sometimes two sets of clues are given for a single puzzle grid. 7316: 3502:

publishes the solutions on the following day, the annotated solution is put up at the website '

2345:(CAD) can be used as an inclusive descriptor covering both &lit. and semi-&lit. clues. 439:). "Lovatts", an Australian puzzle publisher, regularly issues cryptic crossword puzzle books. 8053: 8048: 7712: 7475: 7447: 7157: 7031: 6937:, M.P. Friedman and E.C. Carterette, Editors. 1996, Academic Press: San Diego, CA. p. 293-321. 6777: 6438: 6329: 6306: 6018: 5940: 5917: 5871: 5848: 5820: 5797: 5774: 5555: 5532: 5504: 5429: 5421: 5401: 4455: 3607: 2549:

back page, 8 November 2012: "Drunk compiler's admitted boob (5)" is parsed as "means 'drunk',

2015: 1572:, which is the first part of, or "introduction to", the word "do-gooder", and means "canine". 983:

of Chinese characters, where partial characters instead of substrings are clued and combined.

468: 260: 770:). The word "upsetting" indicates an anagram and the word "imbibing" indicates an insertion. 8238: 8113: 7998: 7978: 7938: 7727: 7147: 7137: 7101: 7082:, M.M. Gruneberg, P.E. Morris, and R.N. Sykes, Editors. 1988, Wiley: Chichester. p. 301-308. 7021: 7011: 6969: 6706: 5974: 4451: 4446: 3602: 3219: 2594: 2194: 962: 958: 912: 876: 810:

grid rule: the 15-letter words at 9 and 24 across each have 8 letters unchecked out of 15.

526:

answers and force the solver to use the crossing letters to distinguish which was intended.

177: 7126:"The Grounded Expertise Components Approach in the novel area of cryptic crossword solving" 7063:

Use-it-or-lose-it: Investigating the cognitive reserve hypothesis and use-dependency theory

6960:

Aarons, D.L. (2015). "Following Orders: Playing Fast and Loose with Language and Letters".

3761:

Several setters appear in more than one paper. Some of these, with pseudonyms shown, are:

3564:

This liberal American political weekly featured a weekly cryptic puzzle from 1947 to 2020.

1800:

is a particularly devious indicator as it could indicate either a homophone or an anagram.

8313: 8291: 8108: 7973: 7807: 6256: 6210: 5896: 4586: 4503: 4483: 4464: 4459: 4437: 4063: 3489: 3485: 2523: 1625: 946: 880: 812: 750: 306:

in the UK carry both cryptic and concise (quick) crosswords in every issue. The puzzle in

153: 151:

from about 1924. Crosswords were gradually taken up by other newspapers, appearing in the

6525: 718:(a river is not a 'thing that banks' but a 'thing that has banks'), this is rarely done. 6010: 3038:

assessment, rating maybe half of them as close to average broadsheet cryptic difficulty.

2755:

because these letters look like a pair of spectacles "from the top". The answer is thus

2543:

often indicates a homophone, or means 'for example', but here it is part of an anagram.)

48:

in which each clue is a word puzzle. Cryptic crosswords are particularly popular in the

8266: 8252: 8245: 8164: 8123: 8098: 8068: 8033: 8028: 8013: 8003: 7953: 7837: 7152: 7125: 7026: 6999: 6160: 6073: 5889: 5575: 4508: 4390: 4386: 3565: 2722: 2686:(a worker; note that compilers also use "worker" to stand for 'bee' or 'hand'), giving 1711:(a "bird") based on the letters at the ends of ("tips of") "rich aqua, yellow, black". 896: 834: 464: 381: 366: 354: 342: 321: 294:

was a noted non-Ximenean, celebrated for his witty, if occasionally unorthodox, clues.

49: 5274: 2334:. Only the first part of the clue provides wordplay ("wild" indicating an anagram of 8333: 8209: 8179: 8159: 8093: 7968: 7948: 7912: 6702: 6555: 6006: 5970: 5500: 5454: 4425: 4413: 4396: 4285: 3749: 3697: 3644: 3589: 3326: 3195: 2838:

to reasonably get the idea across. For instance, a clue following Ximenean rules for

2599: 2435:, involving references to books; e.g. "Procedures followed by Romans (4)", solution: 2425: 1851: 904: 372: 147: 6981: 1719:

Either the odd or even letters of words in the clue give the answer. An example is:

17: 8154: 8138: 8018: 7993: 7943: 7892: 7857: 7822: 7817: 7762: 7717: 7000:""The Penny Drops": Investigating Insight Through the Medium of Cryptic Crosswords" 6568: 4531: 4525: 4475: 4441: 3959: 3475: 3405:

include cryptic elements, such as double definition puzzles or hidden word puzzles.

3377: 3081: 3056: 3050: 2741:

There are many ways in which constructors can clue a part of a clue. In this clue:

2056: 1685:

That the solver should use the last letters may also be indicated by such words as

1594:

The first or last letters of part of the clue are put together to give the answer.

1046:) placed adjacent to a word or phrase made up of the letters to be rearranged (the 531: 327: 308: 286: 134: 100:

in the US. Particularly in the UK, a distinction may be made between cryptics and

89: 6973: 5843:

Parr, Andrew (May 2022). "Cryptic Classroom #7: Deletions, Reversals, & lit".

3133:

also features a standard cryptic crossword, the Everyman, compiled by Allan Scott.

1031:, which means "chaperone" and is an anagram, indicated by the word "shredded", of 494:

Sometimes the two parts of the clue are joined with a link word or phrase such as

435:

publish daily cryptic crosswords, including Friday's challenging cryptic by 'DA' (

3296:(Aus) papers. In both cases, the puzzle appears some weeks after it appeared in 2716:. Three abbreviations are used here. "For example" clues the common abbreviation 1881:

In this case, "taking and retaking ingredients" signals that the letters of both

8174: 8103: 8088: 8043: 7988: 7963: 7933: 7842: 7827: 7787: 5249:

A complication in this clue is that "damaged" often (but not here) indicates an

4491: 3933: 3713: 3393:

This online news-aggregator offers a weekly American cryptic to its subscribers.

3239: 3150: 3145: 3064: 2495:

In this example, the clue uses a combination of Reversal and Hidden clue types:

1433:

This takes advantage of the two very different meanings (and pronunciations) of

436: 360: 85: 57: 32: 7579: 3484:

The first setter of the Monday-Saturday cryptic crosswords was Retired Admiral

2833:. Ximenean rules would not allow something like "reach first" to indicate that 2612:

on 8 April 2019, page 30: 5 down: "Parade one month ago (5,4)": its answer was

969: 923:

refers to a crossword puzzle where the letters have been coded as numbers. The

859:

clue would be considered an amusing variation in the UK but unsound in the US.

8078: 8073: 7928: 7882: 5979: 5212: 4134: 3503: 3421: 2983: 2667: 2640: 2632: 2076: 2011: 1856: 1096:

uses "dancing" as the indicator because it combines naturally with the fodder

783: 7142: 7016: 6442: 6333: 6310: 6271: 6022: 5944: 5921: 5875: 5852: 5824: 5801: 5778: 5536: 3021: 2075:

A clue in which the only hint to the letters in the solution is that it is a

8133: 7983: 7832: 7698: 6433: 3494: 3468: 3317: 3243: 2894:

crosswords, unindicated definition by example: "bay" in the clue indicating

2636: 2307:), but only the first part of the clue is wordplay ("bit of Puccini" cluing 2299: 1922:("beer") is reversed ("returned") to yield the solution ("fit for a king"). 1741: 1302:

A similar example, but with a specification as to the letter being removed:

954: 802: 432: 399:. The latter puzzle, after a long and distinguished run, appeared solely on 303: 165: 65: 45: 7348:"Top 10 crosswords in fiction, no 9: PG Wodehouse's The Truth About George" 7161: 7105: 7035: 4424:

Friedlander and Fine also note that solvers are motivated predominantly by

2268:, followed by the first letter of (i.e. the "origin of") the word "goose", 1904:

A word that gets turned around to make another is a reversal. For example:

1619:

At first, actor needing new identity emulates orphan in musical theatre (5)

554:

15D indicates the location and direction (down) of the solution in the grid

7742: 5313: 4382:

x – Denotes a compiler operating without a pseudonym in this publication.

2784:, and the direct meaning is conveyed by the words "is pivotal". The first 2688: 1291: 680:– could be a book, or a word for new, or a codeword indicating an anagram. 8038: 7812: 7239: 6950:. Introduction to linguistics/cognitive science. 2012, London: Routledge. 6902:

https://archive.today/20120630225049/http://www.btinternet.com/~ed.xword/

5866:

Parr, Andrew (October 2021). "Cryptic Classroom #2: Double Definitions".

5634: 3521: 2996: 6828:

Henriquez, Nicholas; Maynes-Aminzade, Liz; Kravis, Andy (27 June 2021).

6739:"Solution to Evan Birnholz's May 3 Post Magazine crossword, "Disbanded"" 5367:"This Time It's Crosswords (Not Cross Words) That Surface From Sondheim" 4458:

solves a crossword in order to solve the mystery, while the solution to

2389:, involving words as pronounced by someone with a distinct accent (e.g. 2338:), but the whole clue can be interpreted as a definition of the answer. 1889:

form a letter bank. Those letters yield a "composer", and the solution,

953:

carries a "Tenglish" (Telugu-English, bilingual) cryptic crossword; the

280:

The Ximenean principles are adhered to most strictly in the subgenre of

7532:

The New York Times Guide to Solving Cryptics, Crosswords & Anagrams

4501:

Crosswords feature prominently in the 1945 British romantic drama film

4470: 3708: 2974:

In Britain it is traditional—dating from the cryptic crossword pioneer

2390: 2304: 1653:

Old country lady went round Head Office initially before end of day (7)

1014: 924: 427: 53: 7658: 5215:

in the surface reading, but serves as a contraction for the link word

2986:, named from the Latin for "curly-headed", who set crosswords for the 2407:; e.g. "A lifter causes swearing (four letters first) (5)", solution: 6646:"Remembering Admiral Katari, the first crossword setter of The Hindu" 6301:

Parr, Andrew (June 2022). "Cryptic Classroom #8: Combination Clues".

5493:

Blue-Chip Cryptic Crosswords: As Published in The Wall Street Journal

4569: 3329:—introduced the first, revolutionary "Audio Cryptic Crossword." 2793: 1516:, which means (cryptically at least) "damaged" and appears across "Fo 1360:(a "shout"). If you ignore the punctuation, a "read" is a book, and 980: 900: 884: 662:– if capitalized as the first word, could either be 'amiable' or the 69: 6830:"Announcing an All-New Weekly Cryptic Crossword from The New Yorker" 5912:

Parr, Andrew (December 2021). "Cryptic Classroom #3: Hidden Words".

4482:. Among non-crime writers, crosswords often feature in the works of 4403:

set at various times in their careers for all 5 of the broadsheets.

3532:

cryptic crossword is currently set by Crosaire's successor Crosheir.

2877:

is mostly Ximenean. The others tend to be somewhere in between; the

1724:

Odd stuff of Mr. Waugh is set for someone wanting women to vote (10)

778:

A typical cryptic crossword grid is generally 15×15, with half-turn

219:

An example of a clue which cannot logically be taken the right way:

7600:– Notes on the cluing style of famed British cryptic author Ximenes 3488:

of the Indian Navy, who took up the task in 1971 at the request of

1744:

are words that sound the same but have different meanings, such as

903:

crosswords". 'Hetman', a senior commander, and also the name for a

231:, with "hat" the definition, "could be" the anagram indicator, and 5935:

Parr, Andrew (February 2022). "Cryptic Classroom #5: Homophones".

2409: 2330: 1004: 908: 866: 81: 77: 73: 31: 5769:

Parr, Andrew (September 2021). "Cryptic Classroom #1: Anagrams".

3129:

via which many of today's top compilers have learnt their trade.

2657:

About to come between little Desmond and worker for discourse (7)

2292:

Dressed up to hear a bit of Puccini? This may be part of it (5,3)

579:

is a "smoke", and this is a down clue so "rising" indicates that

475:

of the answer, and usually appears at the start or end of a clue.

5228:

In another context "sweetheart" could itself be parsed to yield

3456:, and previously also by E. R. Galli, aimed at advanced solvers. 3125: 2449: 2215: 1441:

sound meaning 'someone from Poland', and the one with the short

663: 7671: 7514:

A Clue to Our Lives: 80 Years of The Guardian Cryptic Crossword

6386:

The Sunday Times Mephisto Crossword Book 1, 2003 - Introduction

5815:

Parr, Andrew (April 2022). "Cryptic Classroom #6: Containers".

5792:

Parr, Andrew (January 2022). "Cryptic Classroom #4: Charades".

2978:(1892–1939), who called himself "Torquemada" after the Spanish 2662:

There are two abbreviations used here. "About" is abbreviated

2565:

often indicates an anagram, but here serves as the definition.)

236:

indicator; to be a correct clue it would have to be "Hat could

6797:

Henriquez, Nicholas; Maynes-Aminzade, Liz (26 November 2019).

6180: 6178: 3270: 3114:

Scotland and is edited by Sunday Herald editor Richard Walker.

3016:, does not identify the setter of each puzzle but, unlike the 2860:

While a clue following Libertarian rules may look as follows:

686:– could be a noun (meaning license) or a verb (meaning allow). 7667: 7617: 2873:

is perhaps the most Libertarian of cryptic crosswords, while

2311:, and "dressed up" clueing an anagram; overall an anagram of 1876:

Composer taking and retaking ingredients of Advil? Not! (7,7)

1451:

In the UK, multiple definitions are occasionally used; e.g.:

600:"(8)" says that the answer is a single word of eight letters. 3163:

Roger Prebble has compiled the cryptic crossword since 1999.

2898:

in the answer, without a qualification like "bay, perhaps".

36:

A 15x15 lattice-style grid is common for cryptic crosswords.

4598:

Anagram indicators, among the thousands possible, include:

7546:

by D. S. Macnutt (Swallowtail Books, 1966, reprinted 2001)

5687:"Kannada crosswords: Prajavani, Udayavani, Kannada Prabha" 5527:

Gold, Hayley (September 2022). "Cryp-Tic Tick Tick Boom".

5341:"The story of how cryptic crosswords crossed the Atlantic" 2825:

and, after finding suitable ways to define the answer and

2746:

Exclamation of surprise about spectacles, from the top (3)

2587:

Clues valid only on particular days or in particular areas

2492:(or "pit") to give the solution (clued by "illustrious"). 1586:

There are several common variations on hidden word clues:

992:

definitions are one and the same, as often in the case of

3672:

has carried a weekly puzzle by Susannah Sears since 2001.

3084:). The daily puzzle is edited by Eimi (Mike Hutchinson). 1674:, meaning "lady", are then made to go around the letters 1482:

Note that these clues do not have clear indicator words.

240:

dry (5)", which is ungrammatical. A variation might read

7080:

Practical aspects of memory: current research and issues

1821:, or "twins". The homophone is indicated by "we hear". 1364:

without its final letter ("endlessly") is the solution.

1320:, or "cowardly", without the first letter (in this case 911:, emphasises their importance over other crosswords. In 7255:"Top 10 crosswords in fiction, no 2: Lord Peter Wimsey" 6935:

Cognitive Ecology: Handbook of Perception and Cognition

2991:

reasons, though "Dinmutz" (the late Bert Danher in the

2666:(for "circa"), and "little Desmond" indicates that the 7410:"Top 10 crosswords in fiction, no 10: Brief Encounter" 7379:"Top 10 crosswords in fiction, no 4: Oliver's Travels" 5400:. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 423–425. 5396:

Pender, Rick (2021). "Puzzles, Games, and Mysteries".

4567:

can mean the kind of garment that is usually called a

2360:(1966) in chapter VII, 'Improvised Clues', including: 879:

phenomenon, although similar puzzles are popular in a

92:. Compilers of cryptic crosswords are commonly called 6429:"Times crosswords: introducing the new Quick Cryptic" 5444:

How to master the Times Crossword, Tim Moorey, p. 186

2800:, which is the first letter of the word "supporter". 1854:

and Henri Picciotto, who write the weekly puzzle for

1299:("celebrity") without the first letter ("beheaded"). 1038:

Anagram clues are characterized by the codeword (the

656:– could be the metal, an electric cable, or the verb. 6208:

Phi (30 July 2021). "Cryptic Crossword No. 10,857".

3682:

Prints the "Stickler" puzzle, set by David Stickley.

3629:

stopped publishing cryptic crosswords in March 2024.

3452:

This magazine features a monthly variety cryptic by

2829:, now looks to give the solver a clue to the letter 822:(UK: 'advanced') cryptic crosswords typically use a 8276: 8230: 8223: 8197: 8147: 7921: 7780: 7771: 7750: 7705: 7552:

edited by Fraser Simpson (Sterling Publishing 2001)

6918:

Expertise and Ageing: The Crossword Puzzle Paradigm

6346:

A Display of Lights (9), Val Gilbert, 2008 - p. 155

5635:"One of Dr Ghil'ad Zuckermann's Cryptic Crosswords" 3498:. The crossword has a regular following, and while 2616:; that clue would be valid only in April each year. 2183:stands for "and literally so", and originates from 7206:"Are cryptic crosswords really 'better than sex'?" 6799:"Reintroducing The New Yorker's Cryptic Crossword" 6737: 6530:Wordplay: The Crossword Blog of The New York Times 5486: 5484: 2038:He will casually put down Spooner's angry bear (9) 1575:The opposite of a hidden word clue, where letters 6998:Friedlander, Kathryn J.; Fine, Philip A. (2018). 2047:("he will casually put down"). The Spoonerism is 2000:a clue like this is generally called a punny clue 1182:clue puts one set of letters inside another. So: 650:– also often river (a thing that runs to the sea) 7582:from Puzzazz (American style, some British info) 7176:"What makes an expert cryptic crossword solver?" 7052:, PhD thesis 1993, University of Manchester: UK. 4486:, and are an important part of the short story " 2796:"team"). "First supporter" refers to the letter 2730:. The phrase "didn't you put" clues the letters 2707:For example, why didn't you put the country? (5) 2619:In a cryptic crossword in the British newspaper 2022:words. For example: "butterfly" = "flutter by". 1871:A more complicated example of a letter bank is: 1579:from a sentence have to be found, is known as a 541:Very sad unfinished story about rising smoke (8) 3757:Setters on more than one British national paper 2484:. "Baron" is reversed (or "returns") to yield 2098:She's a lady, whichever way you look at it! (5) 1212:Utter nothing when there's wickedness about (5) 1075:, which can be rearranged to form the solution 583:should be written up the page; i.e., backwards) 212: 206:(1946), wherein he credits it to the fictional 194:The basic principle of fairness was set out by 141:The first newspaper crosswords appeared in the 8298:D-Day Daily Telegraph crossword security alarm 6398:"The Times crossword the man who began it all" 5314:"The Strange World of the Crossword (excerpt)" 4585:means that the sweatshirt is 'equipped with a 1702:Bird with tips of rich aqua, yellow, black (4) 816:allows setters to use their own grid designs. 7683: 7572:(American style, with some notes specific to 7286:"Agatha Christie's Curtain and its crossword" 6920:, PhD thesis. 1994, University of Manchester. 5838: 5836: 5834: 5554:. London: Swallowtail Books. pp. 42–53. 5459:"Introducing The New Yorker Crossword Puzzle" 2817:the setter may decide to split the word into 2759:, which is an "exclamation of surprise" with 2239:. In the cryptic sense, "spoil" indicates an 1633:Words that indicate initialisms also include 1523:Possible indicators of a hidden clue include 1396:without its middle letter, or "heartlessly". 875:For the most part, cryptic crosswords are an 266:A good cryptic clue contains three elements: 8: 7444:The Random House Guide to Cryptic Crosswords 7074:Underwood, G., J. MacKeith, and J. Everatt, 6305:. Vol. 46, no. 5. pp. 38–39. 5531:. Vol. 46, no. 7. pp. 34–37. 4385:In addition, Roger Squires compiles for the 3428:published a large 24×24 bar-diagram cryptic. 3183:books for those that submit a correct entry. 2982:—for compilers to use evocative pseudonyms. 2521:A cryptic crossword on the back page of the 2067:, which did not sit well with many solvers. 1817:, which means "shave" and is a homophone of 1232:Other container or insertion indicators are 915:, this type of crossword puzzle is known as 535:crossword of 6 August 2002, set by "Shed"). 7550:101 Cryptic Crosswords: From The New Yorker 6861:"Introducing the New Yorker Mini Crossword" 6080:. London: Guardian News and Media Limited. 2965:Cryptic crosswords in specific publications 2188: 1666:) and we take the "end of" the word "day" ( 1057:anagrammed. This kind of clue is called an 899:. In Poland similar crosswords are called " 800:Some papers have additional grid rules. In 638:– often means flower (a thing that blooms). 227:Here the composer intends the answer to be 8227: 7777: 7690: 7676: 7668: 7498:by Don Manley (4th edition, Chambers 2006) 6606: 6594: 6184: 6102: 6059: 6047: 5957: 5299: 3345:both Libertarian and Ximenean disciplines. 3143:In the early 1970s the satirical magazine 2602:2014 had an anagram clue whose answer was 2356:identifies various other types of clue in 1187:Apostle's friend outside of university (4) 1100:, disguising the anagram. The solution is 993: 891:(תשבצי הגיון) "Logic crosswords") and (as 568:with one letter missing; i.e., unfinished) 416:with several "indie" outlets and setters. 257:Ximenes on the Art of the Crossword Puzzle 7540:by Alan Connor (Penguin/Particular, 2013) 7151: 7141: 7050:Intelligence and expertise in the elderly 7025: 7015: 6620:"THE HINDU CROSSWORD CORNER: THC Setters" 6163:. London: Guardian News and Media Limited 5522: 5520: 2890:nounal anagram indicators and in current 2643:pronunciation such as in British English. 2500:Cruel to turn part of Internet torrid (6) 2144:; the solution, meaning "innovative," is 2051:, i.e. "angry" and "bear" (as in carry). 1602:Initially amiable person eats primate (3) 1583:, and appears in some advanced cryptics. 1456:Blue swallow feathers fell from above (4) 1009:Animation for the anagram CORSET = ESCORT 786:, in which every square is almost always 644:– often means river (a thing that flows). 7522:by Hugh Stephenson (Guardian Books 2005) 7446:(1st ed.). New York: Random House. 6328:. Vol. 43, no. 5. p. 62. 6324:Stigger, Bob (June 2019). "Trash Talk". 5939:. Vol. 46, no. 2. p. 33. 5916:. Vol. 45, no. 9. p. 33. 5870:. Vol. 45, no. 8. p. 33. 5847:. Vol. 46, no. 4. p. 33. 5819:. Vol. 46, no. 3. p. 33. 5796:. Vol. 46, no. 1. p. 33. 5773:. Vol. 45, no. 7. p. 33. 5663:. Crossword Unclued, 29 September 2012. 5603:"Crossword 847 answers and explanations" 5277:. American Crossword Puzzle Tournament. 3763: 3506:' by a group of solvers on the same day. 2531:, whose clue was "Close study of broken 2417:if four letters were added to the start. 1367:Other indicators of curtailment include 319:Many Canadian newspapers, including the 7630: 6196: 6009:; Picciotto, Henri (14 February 2013). 5740:"Il cruciverba più difficile del mondo" 5713:"Prize Hindi Puzzle: Here's Our Winner" 5265: 4556: 3520:originally provided a daily puzzle by " 3028:, and also a 15×15 blocked-grid puzzle. 2775:A team's first supporter is pivotal (4) 2014:is a play on words where corresponding 1864:can be used as a bank to form the word 1331:Other indicators of beheadment include 1307:Bird is cowardly, about to fly away (5) 694:is an invented meaning (using the verb 7528:by B. J. Holmes (A & C Black 2002) 7516:by Sandy Balfour (Guardian Books 2008) 7510:by Sandy Balfour (Atlantic Books 2003) 7472:Solving Cryptic Crosswords For Dummies 7327:from the original on 24 September 2015 7124:Friedlander, K.J.; Fine, P.A. (2016). 6859:Maynes-Aminzade, Liz (18 March 2024). 6840:from the original on 28 September 2022 6282:from the original on 26 September 2022 6029:from the original on 11 September 2022 2995:) was produced by random selection of 2606:, and its definition part was "today". 1383:Challenging sweetheart heartlessly (6) 1295:, another word for "sailor", which is 972:has challenged Italians annually with 930:has a weekly cryptic crossword called 850:British and North American differences 8303:"Homer and Lisa Exchange Cross Words" 7119: 7117: 7115: 6993: 6991: 6912: 6910: 5973:; Picciotto, Henri (4 October 2018). 5693:from the original on 13 December 2012 5689:. Crossword Unclued, 22 August 2012. 5667:from the original on 24 December 2012 5641:from the original on 16 December 2008 5503:. New York: Puzzlewright. p. 3. 5420:Reissued Aug 2001: Swallowtail Books 5377:from the original on 11 November 2020 3149:had a crossword set by the Labour MP 2734:(the word "you" refers to the letter 2527:on 14 March 2012 included the answer 2405:Words treated as parts of other words 2135:Innovative way to make dog run? (6-8) 1507:Found ermine, deer hides damaged (10) 974:Il cruciverba più difficile del mondo 833:A July 2006 "Puzzlecraft" section in 797:meant that new grids were expensive. 7: 8205:American Crossword Puzzle Tournament 7594:from Crossword Clue Solver (British) 7586:Difference between Quick and Cryptic 7534:by Barry O. Higgs (Quadrangle, 1977) 7186:from the original on 6 November 2018 6809:from the original on 21 January 2022 6705:; Picciotto, Henri (19 March 2020). 6683:from the original on 22 October 2011 6358:"Crossword blog: time to take stock" 5582:from the original on 31 October 2016 5365:Healy, Patrick (16 September 2011). 5275:"Brief History of Crossword Puzzles" 3340:Since 2009 the adult comic magazine 3004:The Daily Telegraph/Sunday Telegraph 2955:included the following instruction: 2475:Illustrious baron returns in pit (9) 2033:An example of a Spoonerism clue is: 1563:Introduction to do-gooder canine (3) 1392:, which means "challenging", and is 979:In Chinese something similar is the 758:: it means "banish spirits", and is 52:, where they originated, as well as 7598:What is Ximenean clueing all about? 7544:Ximenes on the Art of the Crossword 7504:by Jonathan Crowther (Collins 2006) 7463:Ximenes on the Art of the Crossword 7442:Cox, Emily; Rathvon, Henry (1995). 6671:Gillespie, Elgy (22 October 2011). 6536:from the original on 22 August 2009 6479:from the original on 2 October 2023 6449:from the original on 14 August 2023 6117:"Guardian Cryptic 28,824 by Vulcan" 5750:from the original on 25 August 2015 5601:Tossman, David (23 November 2013). 5552:Ximenes on the Art of the Crossword 5469:from the original on 23 August 2018 4573:. When a garment is described as a 3257:crossword started in 1925, and the 3253:was a relatively late adopter: the 2010:A relatively uncommon clue type, a 520:Ximenes on the Art of the Crossword 7878:Derrick Somerset Macnutt (Ximenes) 7461:Macnutt, Derrick Somerset (1966). 6750:from the original on 2 August 2020 6505:from the original on 30 April 2019 5339:Stephenson, Hugh (16 April 2015). 5211:in the clue appears to indicate a 1803:An example of a homophone clue is 586:"about" means that the letters of 253:Ximenes (Derrick Somerset Macnutt) 25: 7903:Alistair Ferguson Ritchie (Afrit) 7888:Edward Powys Mathers (Torquemada) 7848:John Galbraith Graham (Araucaria) 6962:Australian Journal of Linguistics 6871:from the original on 1 April 2024 6717:from the original on 14 June 2020 6652:from the original on 16 July 2015 6626:from the original on 16 July 2015 6576:from the original on 22 June 2015 6427:Rogan, Richard (14 August 2023). 6140:. Crossword Unclued. 17 June 2010 6072:Henderson, John (24 April 2013). 5738:Dario De Toffoli (22 July 2015). 5719:from the original on 16 July 2015 5576:"Cryptic crossword abbreviations" 5398:The Stephen Sondheim Encyclopedia 5187:, where the anagram is made from 4563:For example, the two-word phrase 4478:has used the device in her novel 2625:Irritating proverb we're told (4) 1768:and not with its usual meaning), 1378:An example of internal deletion: 919:(literally "hidden word"), while 376:reprints cryptic crosswords from 364:, and occasionally in the Sunday 292:Araucaria (John Galbraith Graham) 200:Afrit (Alistair Ferguson Ritchie) 126:Torquemada (Edward Powys Mathers) 7741: 7650: 7633: 7420:from the original on 3 July 2024 7389:from the original on 3 July 2024 7358:from the original on 3 July 2024 7296:from the original on 3 July 2024 7284:Alan Connor (12 November 2018). 7265:from the original on 3 July 2024 6368:from the original on 3 July 2024 6356:Connor, Alan (4 December 2023). 6254:"Cryptic crossword No. 27,470". 6236:from the original on 3 July 2024 6084:from the original on 3 July 2024 5987:from the original on 23 May 2022 5320:from the original on 13 May 2023 5281:from the original on 12 May 2019 3434:The Geraldine News (New Zealand) 3321:—a TimesOnline podcast by 2855:Stinger first to reach drink (4) 2804:Clueing technique and difficulty 1909:Returned beer fit for a king (5) 1520:eer" (as indicated by "hides"). 1284:Beheaded celebrity is sailor (3) 1128:Outlaw leader managing money (7) 550:. This breaks down as follows. 7592:How to Solve Cryptic Crosswords 7580:How to Solve Cryptic Crosswords 7508:Pretty Girl in Crimson Rose (8) 3744:publishes a variety cryptic by 2865:Stinger reaches first drink (4) 2557:, has 5 letters", which yields 2205:God incarnate, essentially! (4) 529:Here is an example (taken from 255:, and in his influential work, 7253:Alan Connor (23 August 2012). 6572:. The Atlantic Monthly Group. 6524:Horne, Jim (8 November 2008). 6396:Kamm, Oliver (26 March 2009). 5491:Shenk, Mike (2020). Foreword. 3420:. Until 2015, once a year on 1925:Other indicator words include 1409:Not seeing window covering (5) 612: 1: 7873:Margaret Irvine (Mace/Nutmeg) 7863:Sarah Hayes (Arachne/Anarche) 7793:Joyce Cansfield (Machiavelli) 7377:Connor, Alan (26 July 2012). 6974:10.1080/07268602.2015.1068459 6948:Jokes and the Linguistic Mind 6771:101 Cryptic Crosswords: From 6769:Simpson, Fraser, ed. (2001). 6736:Birnholz, Evan (3 May 2020). 6161:"Cryptic crossword No 28,824" 5250: 5236:, i.e. the heart (middle) of 4511:, which is number two in the 4432:Cryptic crosswords in fiction 2393:speakers dropping an initial 2240: 1597:An example of an initialism: 1461:is a quintuple definition of 1221:("utter"), formed by placing 1022:Chaperone shredded corset (6) 590:should be put either side of 27:Multifaceted crossword puzzle 7502:Collins A to Z of Crosswords 7094:Applied Cognitive Psychology 6224:RatkojaRiku (30 July 2021). 4299: 4264: 4241: 4217: 4192: 4175: 4150: 4141: 4070: 4019: 3994: 3966: 3920: 3912: 3840: 3815: 3288:puzzle is syndicated in the 2751:The word "spectacles" clues 2695:Compilers use many of these 1445:sound meaning 'make shiny'. 1351:Shout, "Read!" endlessly (3) 1316:, which means "bird" and is 1279:An example of a beheadment: 1225:("nothing") inside the word 774:Grids for cryptic crosswords 604:There are many codewords or 557:"Very sad" is the definition 337:, carry cryptic crosswords. 272:a fair subsidiary indication 7959:Emily Cox and Henry Rathvon 7612:Pretty Girl in Crimson Rose 7538:Two Girls, One on Each Knee 7470:Sutherland, Denise (2012). 7408:Alan Connor (10 May 2012). 7346:Alan Connor (24 May 2012). 6499:"The Bugle Audio Crossword" 6078:Cryptic crossword No 25,930 5890:Cryptic crossword No 26,170 5888:Arachne (30 January 2014), 3584:Carries a weekly puzzle by 2976:Edward (Bill) Powys Mathers 2885:tend towards Ximenean, the 2692:, which means "discourse". 2623:(20 April 2017), the clue " 2592:A cryptic crossword in the 2574:, "Araucaria is" coded for 2505:The answer to this clue is 2358:On The Art Of The Crossword 1670:). The letters of the word 1346:An example of curtailment: 1081:On the Art of the Crossword 782:. Unlike typical American 302:Most of the major national 242:Hat turns out to be dry (5) 8356: 8308:"The Riddle of the Sphinx" 7908:Roger Smithies (Bunthorne) 7526:Solving Cryptic Crosswords 7065:, PhD thesis. 2010, Leeds. 6226:"Independent 10,857 / Phi" 4407:Cryptic crossword research 3738:Starting in January 2010, 3504:The Hindu Crossword Corner 3063:. The puzzle is edited by 2726:). "Why" clues the letter 1614:Another example would be: 247:Torquemada's successor at 8260:Merv Griffin's Crosswords 7798:Ruth Crisp (Crispa/Vixen) 7739: 7604:A great British obsession 7496:Chambers Crossword Manual 6276:Big Dave's Crossword Blog 5550:Macnutt, Derrick (2001). 4507:, scripted by playwright 3716:), and DS (David Sutton). 3703:The Sydney Morning Herald 2383:missing its last letter). 2349:Other miscellaneous types 2255:E.g., origin of goose (3) 2027:William Archibald Spooner 1825:answer must therefore be 1428:Eastern European buff (6) 1042:or – among enthusiasts – 560:"unfinished story" gives 422:The Sydney Morning Herald 391:National Puzzlers' League 124:references and wordplay. 7803:Jonathan Crowther (Azed) 7143:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00567 7017:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00904 6607:Cox & Rathvon (1995) 6595:Cox & Rathvon (1995) 6404:. London. Archived from 6185:Cox & Rathvon (1995) 6159:Vulcan (1 August 2022). 6115:manehi (1 August 2022). 6103:Cox & Rathvon (1995) 6060:Cox & Rathvon (1995) 5958:Cox & Rathvon (1995) 5300:Cox & Rathvon (1995) 4521:The Riddle of the Sphinx 3803: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3528:on 22 October 2011. The 3382:1997 is still available. 2960:letters; anagram them. 2197:at the end of the clue. 2185:Derrick Somerset Macnutt 1952:(for across clues), and 1590:Initial or final letters 1437:, the one with the long 1196:("apostle"), by placing 940:das Kreuz mit den Worten 871:Hebrew cryptic crossword 670:often clues the letters 522:(1966, reprinted 2001). 516:Derrick Somerset Macnutt 261:Azed (Jonathan Crowther) 130:The Saturday Westminster 8285:Alice Solves the Puzzle 7813:John Crozier (Crosaire) 7758:Crossword abbreviations 7474:. Milton, Qld.: Wiley. 7130:Frontiers in Psychology 7004:Frontiers in Psychology 6904:EJ's Crossword Showcase 6673:"Carrying the Crosaire" 6564:"The Puzzler: Sections" 6270:Gazza (22 April 2014). 4545:Crossword abbreviations 3741:The Wall Street Journal 3733:The Wall Street Journal 3655:(Auckland, New Zealand) 3193:Cryptics in the weekly 2697:crossword abbreviations 2582:) as part of an answer. 2387:Peculiarities of speech 1808:We hear twins shave (4) 1324:, the abbreviation for 1066:Chew honeydew fruit (5) 887:(where they are called 409:The Wall Street Journal 160:The Manchester Guardian 119:History and development 8084:Brendan Emmett Quigley 7868:Jeremy Howard-Williams 7520:Secrets of the Setters 7317:"One Across, Two Down" 7106:10.1002/acp.2350080602 6931:The Art of the Puzzler 6776:. New York: Sterling. 6469:"The Times Crosswords" 6326:GAMES–World of Puzzles 6303:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5937:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5914:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5868:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5845:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5817:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5794:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5771:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5529:GAMES–World of Puzzles 5219:when read cryptically. 4513:British Film Institute 4488:The Truth About George 3790:Daily/Sunday Telegraph 3678:Sydney Daily Telegraph 3653:The New Zealand Herald 3573:leftfieldcryptics.com. 3399:Games World of Puzzles 3033:In September 2008 the 2962: 2952:Games World of Puzzles 2639:which only happens in 2235:would give the answer 2189: 1414:would have the answer 1200:("friend") outside of 1091:Lap dancing friend (3) 1010: 987:Types of cryptic clues 872: 762:rearranged, including 443:How cryptic clues work 389:, the magazine of the 217: 37: 8059:Andrea Carla Michaels 4523:", a 2017 episode of 4517:Top 100 British films 3883:John Galbraith Graham 3688:Sydney Morning Herald 3363:Sydney Morning Herald 3242:was the first to set 3048:Notable compilers of 2957: 2678:is "to come between" 2413:, which would become 2323:Dog in wild? Yes! (5) 2084:To and fro action (4) 2063:using the Spoonerism 1008: 870: 795:hot metal typesetting 571:"rising smoke" gives 484:subsidiary indication 208:Book of the Crossword 35: 7182:. 19 December 2016. 5661:"Tenglish crossword" 5608:New Zealand Listener 4480:One Across, Two Down 3203:is numbered: in the 2850:) may look as such: 2767:, clued by "about". 2674:) is required. The 2670:of Desmond (namely, 2103:where the answer is 2089:where the answer is 1813:which is a clue for 1729:The answer would be 1658:The answer would be 1624:The answer would be 1607:The answer would be 1473:Let in or let on (5) 1289:The answer would be 727:first-person pronoun 396:The Atlantic Monthly 269:a precise definition 223:Hat could be dry (5) 18:Mephisto (crossword) 7588:from Crossword Zone 6526:"Acrostic Creators" 6011:"Going to the Bank" 5895:3 July 2024 at the 5744:Il Fatto Quotidiano 5312:Millington, Roger. 4581:suffix of the word 3454:Richard Maltby, Jr. 3124:Home of the famous 2433:Literary references 1935:going the wrong way 1715:Odd or even letters 1697:etc. For instance: 1207:A similar example: 1061:. For example, in: 932:Um die Ecke gedacht 780:rotational symmetry 690:Of these examples, 204:Armchair Crosswords 64:nations, including 8224:In popular culture 8215:United States Open 8185:A. N. Prahlada Rao 8129:Jan Buckner Walker 7570:Cryptic Crosswords 7465:. London: Methuen. 6892:New Zealand Herald 6562:(13 August 2009). 6473:bestforpuzzles.com 6138:"Reverse Anagrams" 5371:The New York Times 4474:themed crossword. 3549:Lovatts Crosswords 3411:The Globe and Mail 2568:In a crossword by 2461:Clueing techniques 2343:clue-as-definition 2159:("quickly grab"). 2016:consonant clusters 1972:Cryptic definition 1968:(for down clues). 1782:by the sound of it 1274:internal deletions 1166:(in a down clue). 1011: 889:tashbetsey higayon 873: 845:Regional variation 414:COVID-19 lockdowns 334:The Globe and Mail 187:in 1968 and 1969. 132:from 1925 and for 38: 8327: 8326: 8323: 8322: 8193: 8192: 8170:Pedro Ocón de Oro 8054:Eugene T. Maleska 8049:William Lutwiniak 7733:Printer's Devilry 7723:Cryptic crossword 7620:Cryptic crossword 7614:by Sandy Balfour) 7610:, extracted from 7481:978-1-11830-525-6 7212:. 3 November 2018 6187:, pp. 64–65. 6105:, pp. 50–51. 6062:, pp. 63–64. 6048:Sutherland (2012) 5975:"Puzzle No. 3478" 5960:, pp. 30–31. 5510:978-1-4549-3621-3 5434:978-1-903400-04-3 4575:hooded sweatshirt 4565:hooded sweatshirt 4456:Lord Peter Wimsey 4380: 4379: 3795:Telegraph Toughie 3752:every four weeks. 3608:New York Magazine 3598:New York Magazine 3579:The National Post 3492:, then editor of 3315:In October 2007, 2488:, and put inside 2466:Combination clues 2421:Foreign languages 2318:Another example: 2260:gives the answer 2250:Another example: 2225:Another example: 2059:) once clued for 1981:Flower of London? 1764:(here treated as 1581:Printer's Devilry 1558:Another example: 1400:Double definition 1141:for "outlaw" and 1040:anagram indicator 857:triple definition 380:. In April 2018, 282:advanced cryptics 60:, and in several 42:cryptic crossword 16:(Redirected from 8347: 8239:Across the Board 8228: 8114:Stephen Sondheim 7999:Walter B. Gibson 7979:Jeremiah Farrell 7939:Paula Bauersmith 7778: 7745: 7692: 7685: 7678: 7669: 7663: 7655: 7654: 7653: 7646: 7638: 7637: 7636: 7626: 7569: 7485: 7466: 7457: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7425: 7405: 7399: 7398: 7396: 7394: 7374: 7368: 7367: 7365: 7363: 7343: 7337: 7336: 7334: 7332: 7312: 7306: 7305: 7303: 7301: 7281: 7275: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7250: 7244: 7243: 7228: 7222: 7221: 7219: 7217: 7202: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7191: 7172: 7166: 7165: 7155: 7145: 7121: 7110: 7109: 7089: 7083: 7072: 7066: 7059: 7053: 7046: 7040: 7039: 7029: 7019: 6995: 6986: 6985: 6957: 6951: 6944: 6938: 6927: 6921: 6914: 6905: 6899: 6893: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6878: 6876: 6856: 6850: 6849: 6847: 6845: 6825: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6814: 6794: 6788: 6787: 6766: 6760: 6759: 6757: 6755: 6741: 6733: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6722: 6707:"No Cross Words" 6699: 6693: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6668: 6662: 6661: 6659: 6657: 6642: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6616: 6610: 6604: 6598: 6592: 6586: 6585: 6583: 6581: 6552: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6541: 6521: 6515: 6514: 6512: 6510: 6501:. The Times UK. 6495: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6484: 6465: 6459: 6458: 6456: 6454: 6424: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6413: 6393: 6387: 6384: 6378: 6377: 6375: 6373: 6353: 6347: 6344: 6338: 6337: 6321: 6315: 6314: 6298: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6287: 6267: 6261: 6260:. 22 April 2014. 6252: 6246: 6245: 6243: 6241: 6221: 6215: 6206: 6200: 6194: 6188: 6182: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6156: 6150: 6149: 6147: 6145: 6134: 6128: 6127: 6125: 6123: 6112: 6106: 6100: 6094: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6069: 6063: 6057: 6051: 6045: 6039: 6038: 6036: 6034: 6003: 5997: 5996: 5994: 5992: 5967: 5961: 5955: 5949: 5948: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5909: 5903: 5886: 5880: 5879: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5840: 5829: 5828: 5812: 5806: 5805: 5789: 5783: 5782: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5735: 5729: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5709: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5698: 5683: 5677: 5676: 5674: 5672: 5657: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5631: 5625: 5624: 5622: 5620: 5611:. Archived from 5598: 5592: 5591: 5589: 5587: 5572: 5566: 5565: 5547: 5541: 5540: 5524: 5515: 5514: 5488: 5479: 5478: 5476: 5474: 5451: 5445: 5442: 5436: 5418: 5412: 5411: 5393: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5382: 5362: 5356: 5355: 5353: 5351: 5336: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5325: 5309: 5303: 5297: 5291: 5290: 5288: 5286: 5270: 5254: 5247: 5241: 5235: 5231: 5226: 5220: 5208: 5202: 5196: 5194: 5190: 5186: 5181: 5175: 4596: 4590: 4561: 4496:Oliver's Travels 4452:Dorothy L Sayers 4447:The Oxford Times 3764: 3722:The Toronto Star 3603:Stephen Sondheim 3220:The Sunday Times 3214:The Sunday Times 3059:(Bunthorne) and 3026:Sunday Telegraph 2942:Variety Cryptics 2897: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2799: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2733: 2729: 2719: 2715: 2691: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2665: 2635:") depends on a 2630: 2615: 2605: 2595:Sunday Telegraph 2577: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2530: 2513:Misleading clues 2508: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2452: 2440: 2428: 2412: 2400: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2337: 2333: 2314: 2310: 2302: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2246: 2238: 2214:. The Norse god 2213: 2195:exclamation mark 2192: 2158: 2154: 2147: 2143: 2127:An example from 2111:Reverse anagrams 2106: 2092: 2066: 2062: 2046: 2001: 1990: 1921: 1917: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1867: 1863: 1832: 1828: 1816: 1732: 1710: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1628: 1610: 1571: 1515: 1478: 1464: 1436: 1417: 1391: 1359: 1315: 1294: 1256:, and the like. 1229:("wickedness"). 1228: 1224: 1220: 1204:("university"). 1203: 1199: 1195: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1103: 1099: 1078: 1074: 1059:indirect anagram 1034: 1030: 959:Vijaya Karnataka 877:English-language 765: 761: 757: 717: 705: 597: 593: 589: 574: 563: 549: 405: 393:, and formerly, 234: 230: 178:Stephen Sondheim 46:crossword puzzle 21: 8355: 8354: 8350: 8349: 8348: 8346: 8345: 8344: 8330: 8329: 8328: 8319: 8292:All About Steve 8272: 8219: 8189: 8143: 8119:David Steinberg 8109:Evelyn E. Smith 7974:Margaret Farrar 7917: 7808:Nuala Considine 7773: 7767: 7746: 7737: 7701: 7696: 7666: 7656: 7651: 7649: 7639: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7625:sister projects 7624: 7622:at Knowledge's 7567: 7559: 7492: 7490:Further reading 7482: 7469: 7460: 7454: 7441: 7438: 7433: 7423: 7421: 7407: 7406: 7402: 7392: 7390: 7376: 7375: 7371: 7361: 7359: 7345: 7344: 7340: 7330: 7328: 7314: 7313: 7309: 7299: 7297: 7283: 7282: 7278: 7268: 7266: 7252: 7251: 7247: 7230: 7229: 7225: 7215: 7213: 7204: 7203: 7199: 7189: 7187: 7174: 7173: 7169: 7123: 7122: 7113: 7091: 7090: 7086: 7073: 7069: 7060: 7056: 7047: 7043: 6997: 6996: 6989: 6959: 6958: 6954: 6945: 6941: 6928: 6924: 6915: 6908: 6900: 6896: 6891: 6887: 6874: 6872: 6858: 6857: 6853: 6843: 6841: 6827: 6826: 6822: 6812: 6810: 6796: 6795: 6791: 6784: 6768: 6767: 6763: 6753: 6751: 6744:Washington Post 6735: 6734: 6730: 6720: 6718: 6701: 6700: 6696: 6686: 6684: 6677:The Irish Times 6670: 6669: 6665: 6655: 6653: 6644: 6643: 6639: 6629: 6627: 6618: 6617: 6613: 6605: 6601: 6593: 6589: 6579: 6577: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6523: 6522: 6518: 6508: 6506: 6497: 6496: 6492: 6482: 6480: 6467: 6466: 6462: 6452: 6450: 6426: 6425: 6421: 6411: 6409: 6408:on 16 June 2011 6395: 6394: 6390: 6385: 6381: 6371: 6369: 6355: 6354: 6350: 6345: 6341: 6323: 6322: 6318: 6300: 6299: 6295: 6285: 6283: 6269: 6268: 6264: 6257:Daily Telegraph 6253: 6249: 6239: 6237: 6223: 6222: 6218: 6211:The Independent 6207: 6203: 6195: 6191: 6183: 6176: 6166: 6164: 6158: 6157: 6153: 6143: 6141: 6136: 6135: 6131: 6121: 6119: 6114: 6113: 6109: 6101: 6097: 6087: 6085: 6071: 6070: 6066: 6058: 6054: 6046: 6042: 6032: 6030: 6005: 6004: 6000: 5990: 5988: 5969: 5968: 5964: 5956: 5952: 5934: 5933: 5929: 5911: 5910: 5906: 5897:Wayback Machine 5887: 5883: 5865: 5864: 5860: 5842: 5841: 5832: 5814: 5813: 5809: 5791: 5790: 5786: 5768: 5767: 5763: 5753: 5751: 5737: 5736: 5732: 5722: 5720: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5696: 5694: 5685: 5684: 5680: 5670: 5668: 5659: 5658: 5654: 5644: 5642: 5633: 5632: 5628: 5618: 5616: 5615:on 4 March 2016 5600: 5599: 5595: 5585: 5583: 5574: 5573: 5569: 5562: 5549: 5548: 5544: 5526: 5525: 5518: 5511: 5490: 5489: 5482: 5472: 5470: 5453: 5452: 5448: 5443: 5439: 5419: 5415: 5408: 5395: 5394: 5390: 5380: 5378: 5364: 5363: 5359: 5349: 5347: 5338: 5337: 5333: 5323: 5321: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5298: 5294: 5284: 5282: 5273:Eliot, George. 5272: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5258: 5257: 5248: 5244: 5233: 5229: 5227: 5223: 5206: 5203: 5199: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5182: 5178: 4597: 4593: 4562: 4558: 4553: 4541: 4519:. The plot of " 4504:Brief Encounter 4484:P. G. Wodehouse 4460:Agatha Christie 4438:Inspector Morse 4434: 4409: 4334:Mike Warburton 4213:Roger Phillips 4111:Mark Kelmanson 4064:Margaret Irvine 4040:Paul Henderson 4014:John Henderson 3785:Financial Times 3759: 3605:'s puzzles for 3490:Gopalan Kasturi 3486:Ram Dass Katari 3352: 3159:The Radio Times 3078:The Independent 3073:The Independent 2993:Financial Times 2972: 2967: 2944: 2935:Daily Telegraph 2923:Financial Times 2907:Daily Telegraph 2895: 2887:Daily Telegraph 2879:Financial Times 2847: 2843: 2839: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2806: 2797: 2789: 2788:is followed by 2785: 2781: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2731: 2727: 2717: 2713: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2663: 2650: 2648:Bits and pieces 2628: 2621:Daily Telegraph 2613: 2610:Daily Telegraph 2603: 2589: 2575: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2547:Daily Telegraph 2528: 2524:Daily Telegraph 2515: 2506: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2468: 2463: 2448: 2436: 2424: 2408: 2398: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2365:Heads and tails 2351: 2335: 2329: 2312: 2308: 2298: 2278: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2244: 2236: 2230:Spoil vote! (4) 2218:is hidden in "G 2211: 2165: 2156: 2152: 2146:GROUND-BREAKING 2145: 2141: 2117:reverse anagram 2113: 2104: 2090: 2079:, for example: 2073: 2064: 2060: 2044: 2008: 1999: 1993:surface reading 1988: 1974: 1919: 1915: 1902: 1891:ANTONIO VIVALDI 1890: 1886: 1882: 1865: 1861: 1847: 1830: 1826: 1814: 1790:in conversation 1774:to the audience 1739: 1730: 1717: 1708: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1626: 1608: 1592: 1569: 1513: 1488: 1476: 1462: 1434: 1415: 1402: 1389: 1357: 1341:after the first 1313: 1290: 1262: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1172: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1110: 1101: 1097: 1076: 1072: 1032: 1028: 1003: 989: 865: 863:Other languages 852: 847: 813:The Independent 776: 763: 759: 755: 751:Daily Telegraph 715: 703: 698:and the suffix 595: 591: 587: 572: 561: 547: 449:surface reading 445: 403: 300: 278: 232: 228: 225: 154:Daily Telegraph 121: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8353: 8351: 8343: 8342: 8332: 8331: 8325: 8324: 8321: 8320: 8318: 8317: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8288: 8280: 8278: 8274: 8273: 8271: 8270: 8267:People Puzzler 8263: 8256: 8253:Crossword Quiz 8249: 8246:The Cross-Wits 8242: 8234: 8232: 8225: 8221: 8220: 8218: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8201: 8199: 8195: 8194: 8191: 8190: 8188: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8165:Mangesh Ghogre 8162: 8157: 8151: 8149: 8145: 8144: 8142: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8124:Benjamin Tatar 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8099:Anna Shechtman 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8069:Manny Nosowsky 8066: 8064:Stanley Newman 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8034:Frank W. Lewis 8031: 8029:Maura Jacobson 8026: 8021: 8016: 8014:Francis Heaney 8011: 8006: 8004:Bernice Gordon 8001: 7996: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7954:Harold T. Bers 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7925: 7923: 7919: 7918: 7916: 7915: 7910: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7838:John Finnemore 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7784: 7782: 7775: 7769: 7768: 7766: 7765: 7760: 7754: 7752: 7748: 7747: 7740: 7738: 7736: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7709: 7707: 7703: 7702: 7697: 7695: 7694: 7687: 7680: 7672: 7665: 7664: 7647: 7618: 7616: 7615: 7606:(article from 7601: 7595: 7589: 7583: 7577: 7558: 7557:External links 7555: 7554: 7553: 7547: 7541: 7535: 7529: 7523: 7517: 7511: 7505: 7499: 7491: 7488: 7487: 7486: 7480: 7467: 7458: 7452: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7431: 7400: 7369: 7338: 7315:Ruth Rendell. 7307: 7276: 7245: 7223: 7197: 7167: 7111: 7100:(6): 531–548. 7084: 7067: 7061:Almond, N.M., 7054: 7048:Winder, B.C., 7041: 6987: 6968:(4): 351–380. 6952: 6939: 6929:Schulman, A., 6922: 6906: 6894: 6885: 6865:The New Yorker 6851: 6834:The New Yorker 6820: 6803:The New Yorker 6789: 6782: 6773:The New Yorker 6761: 6728: 6703:Kosman, Joshua 6694: 6663: 6637: 6611: 6609:, p. 264. 6599: 6597:, p. 263. 6587: 6556:Rathvon, Henry 6547: 6516: 6490: 6460: 6419: 6388: 6379: 6348: 6339: 6316: 6293: 6262: 6247: 6230:Fifteensquared 6216: 6201: 6197:Macnutt (1966) 6189: 6174: 6151: 6129: 6107: 6095: 6074:"(Enigmatist)" 6064: 6052: 6050:, p. 117. 6040: 6007:Kosman, Joshua 5998: 5971:Kosman, Joshua 5962: 5950: 5927: 5904: 5881: 5858: 5830: 5807: 5784: 5761: 5730: 5704: 5678: 5652: 5626: 5593: 5567: 5560: 5542: 5516: 5509: 5501:Rathvon, Henry 5480: 5463:The New Yorker 5455:Remnick, David 5446: 5437: 5413: 5406: 5388: 5357: 5331: 5304: 5292: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5242: 5232:or the letter 5221: 5197: 5176: 5108:unconventional 4591: 4555: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4547: 4540: 4537: 4494:'s 1994 novel 4433: 4430: 4426:"Aha!" moments 4408: 4405: 4391:Yorkshire Post 4387:Glasgow Herald 4378: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4355: 4354: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4331: 4330: 4328: 4326: 4324: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4282: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4237:Richard Rogan 4234: 4233: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4164: 4163:Philip Marlow 4160: 4159: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4131: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4069: 4066: 4060: 4059: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4037: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4010: 4008: 4006: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3984: 3983: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3956: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3904: 3903: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3879: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3856: 3855: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3811:Paul Bringloe 3808: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3777: 3772: 3767: 3758: 3755: 3754: 3753: 3736: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3718: 3717: 3695: 3684: 3683: 3680: 3674: 3673: 3670:Ottawa Citizen 3666: 3664:Ottawa Citizen 3660: 3659: 3656: 3649: 3648: 3637: 3635:New York Times 3631: 3630: 3627:The New Yorker 3623: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3600: 3594: 3593: 3582: 3575: 3574: 3566:Frank W. Lewis 3562: 3555: 3554: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3541: 3534: 3533: 3514: 3508: 3507: 3481: 3480: 3465: 3458: 3457: 3450: 3443: 3442: 3430: 3429: 3414: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3395: 3394: 3391: 3384: 3383: 3374: 3367: 3366: 3359: 3351: 3348: 3347: 3346: 3338: 3331: 3330: 3312: 3311: 3303: 3301: 3294:The Australian 3281: 3280: 3261:in 1929.) The 3237: 3231: 3230: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3171: 3165: 3164: 3161: 3155: 3154: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3122: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3105: 3104: 3092: 3086: 3085: 3075: 3069: 3068: 3046: 3040: 3039: 3030: 3029: 3006: 2971: 2970:United Kingdom 2968: 2966: 2963: 2943: 2940: 2930:considerably. 2868: 2867: 2858: 2857: 2805: 2802: 2780:The answer is 2778: 2777: 2749: 2748: 2723:exempli gratia 2712:The answer is 2710: 2709: 2660: 2659: 2649: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2617: 2607: 2588: 2585: 2584: 2583: 2566: 2544: 2514: 2511: 2503: 2502: 2480:The answer is 2478: 2477: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2455: 2454: 2442: 2430: 2418: 2402: 2384: 2350: 2347: 2326: 2325: 2295: 2294: 2282:semi-&lit. 2277: 2276:Semi-&lit. 2274: 2258: 2257: 2233: 2232: 2210:The answer is 2208: 2207: 2164: 2161: 2138: 2137: 2112: 2109: 2101: 2100: 2087: 2086: 2072: 2069: 2043:The answer is 2041: 2040: 2007: 2004: 1985: 1984: 1973: 1970: 1914:The answer is 1912: 1911: 1901: 1898: 1879: 1878: 1846: 1843: 1811: 1810: 1738: 1735: 1727: 1726: 1716: 1713: 1705: 1704: 1656: 1655: 1622: 1621: 1605: 1604: 1591: 1588: 1566: 1565: 1510: 1509: 1496:embedded words 1487: 1484: 1480: 1479: 1459: 1458: 1431: 1430: 1412: 1411: 1401: 1398: 1388:The answer is 1386: 1385: 1356:The answer is 1354: 1353: 1312:The answer is 1310: 1309: 1287: 1286: 1261: 1258: 1217:The answer is 1215: 1214: 1190: 1189: 1171: 1168: 1133:The answer is 1131: 1130: 1109: 1106: 1094: 1093: 1069: 1068: 1048:anagram fodder 1025: 1024: 1002: 999: 988: 985: 864: 861: 851: 848: 846: 843: 775: 772: 766:(described as 688: 687: 681: 675: 657: 651: 645: 639: 602: 601: 598: 584: 569: 558: 555: 546:is a clue for 544: 543: 492: 491: 476: 465:part of speech 444: 441: 382:The New Yorker 367:New York Times 355:The New Yorker 343:GAMES Magazine 322:Ottawa Citizen 299: 296: 277: 276: 273: 270: 265: 221: 163:from 1929 and 128:, who set for 120: 117: 96:in the UK and 50:United Kingdom 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8352: 8341: 8338: 8337: 8335: 8316: 8315: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8293: 8289: 8287: 8286: 8282: 8281: 8279: 8275: 8269: 8268: 8264: 8262: 8261: 8257: 8255: 8254: 8250: 8248: 8247: 8243: 8241: 8240: 8236: 8235: 8233: 8229: 8226: 8222: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8210:Lollapuzzoola 8208: 8206: 8203: 8202: 8200: 8196: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8180:Georges Perec 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8160:Mihu Dragomir 8158: 8156: 8153: 8152: 8150: 8146: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8094:Mike Selinker 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8012: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7969:Joel Fagliano 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7949:Tracy Bennett 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7926: 7924: 7920: 7914: 7913:Roger Squires 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7785: 7783: 7779: 7776: 7774:& editors 7770: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7755: 7753: 7749: 7744: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7710: 7708: 7704: 7700: 7693: 7688: 7686: 7681: 7679: 7674: 7673: 7670: 7662:from Wikidata 7661: 7660: 7648: 7644: 7643: 7631: 7627: 7621: 7613: 7609: 7605: 7602: 7599: 7596: 7593: 7590: 7587: 7584: 7581: 7578: 7575: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7560: 7556: 7551: 7548: 7545: 7542: 7539: 7536: 7533: 7530: 7527: 7524: 7521: 7518: 7515: 7512: 7509: 7506: 7503: 7500: 7497: 7494: 7493: 7489: 7483: 7477: 7473: 7468: 7464: 7459: 7455: 7453:0-8129-2621-8 7449: 7445: 7440: 7439: 7435: 7419: 7415: 7411: 7404: 7401: 7388: 7384: 7380: 7373: 7370: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7342: 7339: 7326: 7322: 7318: 7311: 7308: 7295: 7291: 7287: 7280: 7277: 7264: 7260: 7256: 7249: 7246: 7241: 7237: 7233: 7227: 7224: 7211: 7207: 7201: 7198: 7185: 7181: 7177: 7171: 7168: 7163: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7135: 7131: 7127: 7120: 7118: 7116: 7112: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7095: 7088: 7085: 7081: 7077: 7071: 7068: 7064: 7058: 7055: 7051: 7045: 7042: 7037: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7009: 7005: 7001: 6994: 6992: 6988: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6971: 6967: 6963: 6956: 6953: 6949: 6943: 6940: 6936: 6932: 6926: 6923: 6919: 6916:Forshaw, M., 6913: 6911: 6907: 6903: 6898: 6895: 6889: 6886: 6882: 6870: 6866: 6862: 6855: 6852: 6839: 6835: 6831: 6824: 6821: 6808: 6804: 6800: 6793: 6790: 6785: 6783:0-8069-0186-1 6779: 6775: 6772: 6765: 6762: 6749: 6745: 6740: 6732: 6729: 6716: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6698: 6695: 6682: 6678: 6674: 6667: 6664: 6651: 6647: 6641: 6638: 6625: 6621: 6615: 6612: 6608: 6603: 6600: 6596: 6591: 6588: 6575: 6571: 6570: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6551: 6548: 6535: 6531: 6527: 6520: 6517: 6504: 6500: 6494: 6491: 6478: 6474: 6470: 6464: 6461: 6448: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6435: 6430: 6423: 6420: 6407: 6403: 6399: 6392: 6389: 6383: 6380: 6367: 6363: 6359: 6352: 6349: 6343: 6340: 6335: 6331: 6327: 6320: 6317: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6297: 6294: 6281: 6277: 6273: 6266: 6263: 6259: 6258: 6251: 6248: 6235: 6231: 6227: 6220: 6217: 6213: 6212: 6205: 6202: 6199:, p. 73. 6198: 6193: 6190: 6186: 6181: 6179: 6175: 6162: 6155: 6152: 6139: 6133: 6130: 6118: 6111: 6108: 6104: 6099: 6096: 6083: 6079: 6075: 6068: 6065: 6061: 6056: 6053: 6049: 6044: 6041: 6028: 6024: 6020: 6016: 6012: 6008: 6002: 5999: 5986: 5982: 5981: 5976: 5972: 5966: 5963: 5959: 5954: 5951: 5946: 5942: 5938: 5931: 5928: 5923: 5919: 5915: 5908: 5905: 5902: 5898: 5894: 5891: 5885: 5882: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5862: 5859: 5854: 5850: 5846: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5831: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5811: 5808: 5803: 5799: 5795: 5788: 5785: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5765: 5762: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5734: 5731: 5718: 5714: 5708: 5705: 5692: 5688: 5682: 5679: 5666: 5662: 5656: 5653: 5640: 5636: 5630: 5627: 5614: 5610: 5609: 5604: 5597: 5594: 5581: 5577: 5571: 5568: 5563: 5561:1-903400-04-X 5557: 5553: 5546: 5543: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5523: 5521: 5517: 5512: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5494: 5487: 5485: 5481: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5450: 5447: 5441: 5438: 5435: 5431: 5427: 5426:1-903400-04-X 5423: 5417: 5414: 5409: 5407:9781538115862 5403: 5399: 5392: 5389: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5361: 5358: 5346: 5342: 5335: 5332: 5319: 5315: 5308: 5305: 5302:, pp. 8. 5301: 5296: 5293: 5280: 5276: 5269: 5266: 5260: 5252: 5246: 5243: 5239: 5225: 5222: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5201: 5198: 5180: 5177: 5173: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5109: 5105: 5101: 5097: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4717: 4713: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4595: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4572: 4571: 4566: 4560: 4557: 4550: 4546: 4543: 4542: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4533: 4528: 4527: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4505: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4472: 4468:hinges on an 4467: 4466: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4448: 4443: 4439: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4422: 4418: 4415: 4414:"Aha!" moment 4406: 4404: 4402: 4399:and the late 4398: 4397:Roger Squires 4394: 4392: 4388: 4383: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4357: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4302: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4286:Roger Squires 4284: 4283: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4262: 4259: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4239: 4236: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4215: 4212: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4195: 4190: 4187: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4147: 4144: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4109: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4073: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3918: 3915: 3909: 3906: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3837: 3835:Michael Curl 3834: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3813: 3810: 3809: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3765: 3762: 3756: 3751: 3750:Henry Rathvon 3747: 3743: 3742: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3705: 3704: 3699: 3698:Fairfax Media 3696: 3693: 3689: 3686: 3685: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3657: 3654: 3651: 3650: 3646: 3645:Henry Rathvon 3642: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3590:Henry Rathvon 3587: 3583: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3550: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3540:(New Zealand) 3539: 3536: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3496: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3482: 3478: 3477: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3444: 3439: 3438: 3437: 3436: 3435: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3408: 3403: 3400: 3397: 3396: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3385: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3372: 3369: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3357: 3354: 3353: 3349: 3343: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3328: 3327:Andy Zaltzman 3324: 3320: 3319: 3314: 3313: 3308: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3290:New York Post 3287: 3283: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3247: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3221: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3211: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3197: 3192: 3190: 3189:The Spectator 3187: 3186: 3182: 3177: 3176: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3166: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3147: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3117: 3112: 3110: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3097: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3052: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3001: 3000: 2998: 2994: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2969: 2964: 2961: 2956: 2954: 2953: 2947: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2931: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2908: 2904: 2899: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2866: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2851: 2810: 2803: 2801: 2795: 2776: 2773: 2772: 2771: 2768: 2766: 2747: 2744: 2743: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2725: 2724: 2708: 2705: 2704: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2693: 2690: 2669: 2658: 2655: 2654: 2653: 2647: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2611: 2608: 2604:EASTER SUNDAY 2601: 2600:Easter Sunday 2597: 2596: 2591: 2590: 2586: 2581: 2573: 2572: 2567: 2564: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2526: 2525: 2520: 2519: 2518: 2512: 2510: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2493: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2471: 2465: 2460: 2458: 2451: 2446: 2443: 2439: 2434: 2431: 2427: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2403: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2361: 2359: 2355: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2339: 2332: 2324: 2321: 2320: 2319: 2316: 2306: 2301: 2293: 2290: 2289: 2288: 2287:For example: 2285: 2283: 2275: 2273: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2242: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2217: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2201: 2200:For example: 2198: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2162: 2160: 2149: 2136: 2133: 2132: 2131: 2130: 2129:The Guardian: 2125: 2122: 2118: 2110: 2108: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2094: 2085: 2082: 2081: 2080: 2078: 2070: 2068: 2058: 2052: 2050: 2039: 2036: 2035: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2005: 2003: 1996: 1994: 1982: 1979: 1978: 1977: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1931:in the mirror 1928: 1923: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1905: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1872: 1869: 1859: 1858: 1853: 1852:Joshua Kosman 1850:constructors 1844: 1842: 1840: 1836: 1822: 1820: 1809: 1806: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1766:utter(ing)-ly 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1736: 1734: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1720: 1714: 1712: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1654: 1651: 1650: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1629: 1620: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1603: 1600: 1599: 1598: 1595: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1578: 1573: 1564: 1561: 1560: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1521: 1519: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1503: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1485: 1483: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1469: 1466: 1457: 1454: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1410: 1407: 1406: 1405: 1399: 1397: 1395: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1365: 1363: 1352: 1349: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1329: 1328:or "about"). 1327: 1323: 1319: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1293: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1259: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1213: 1210: 1209: 1208: 1205: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1129: 1126: 1125: 1124: 1123:For example: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1107: 1105: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1060: 1056: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1036: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1018: 1016: 1007: 1000: 998: 995: 986: 984: 982: 977: 975: 971: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 945:In India the 943: 941: 937: 933: 929: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 869: 862: 860: 858: 849: 844: 842: 839: 837: 831: 829: 825: 821: 817: 815: 814: 809: 805: 804: 798: 796: 791: 789: 785: 781: 773: 771: 769: 753: 752: 746: 744: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 719: 713: 709: 701: 697: 693: 685: 682: 679: 676: 673: 669: 665: 661: 658: 655: 652: 649: 646: 643: 640: 637: 634: 633: 632: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 607: 599: 585: 582: 578: 570: 567: 559: 556: 553: 552: 551: 542: 538: 537: 536: 534: 533: 527: 523: 521: 517: 511: 509: 505: 501: 497: 489: 485: 481: 477: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 453: 452: 450: 442: 440: 438: 434: 430: 429: 424: 423: 417: 415: 411: 410: 402: 398: 397: 392: 388: 383: 379: 375: 374: 373:New York Post 369: 368: 363: 362: 357: 356: 351: 350: 345: 344: 338: 336: 335: 330: 329: 324: 323: 317: 315: 311: 310: 305: 297: 295: 293: 289: 288: 283: 274: 271: 268: 267: 264: 262: 258: 254: 250: 245: 243: 239: 224: 220: 216: 211: 209: 205: 201: 197: 192: 188: 186: 184: 179: 175: 174: 168: 167: 162: 161: 156: 155: 150: 149: 148:Daily Express 144: 139: 137: 136: 131: 127: 118: 116: 114: 110: 105: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 34: 30: 19: 8312: 8290: 8283: 8265: 8258: 8251: 8244: 8237: 8155:Jacques Bens 8139:Arthur Wynne 8019:Tyler Hinman 7994:Matt Gaffney 7944:David Benkof 7898:John Pidgeon 7893:Jeremy Morse 7858:John Halpern 7853:Barbara Hall 7823:Colin Dexter 7818:Leonard Dawe 7772:Constructors 7763:Crosswordese 7722: 7718:Cross-figure 7657: 7645:from Commons 7640: 7619: 7611: 7608:The Guardian 7607: 7573: 7564: 7549: 7543: 7537: 7531: 7525: 7519: 7513: 7507: 7501: 7495: 7471: 7462: 7443: 7422:. Retrieved 7414:The Guardian 7413: 7403: 7391:. Retrieved 7383:The Guardian 7382: 7372: 7360:. Retrieved 7352:The Guardian 7351: 7341: 7329:. Retrieved 7320: 7310: 7298:. Retrieved 7290:The Guardian 7289: 7279: 7267:. Retrieved 7259:The Guardian 7258: 7248: 7231: 7226: 7214:. Retrieved 7209: 7200: 7188:. Retrieved 7179: 7170: 7133: 7129: 7097: 7093: 7087: 7079: 7075: 7070: 7062: 7057: 7049: 7044: 7007: 7003: 6965: 6961: 6955: 6947: 6946:Aarons, D., 6942: 6934: 6930: 6925: 6917: 6897: 6888: 6880: 6873:. Retrieved 6864: 6854: 6842:. Retrieved 6833: 6823: 6811:. Retrieved 6802: 6792: 6774: 6770: 6764: 6752:. Retrieved 6743: 6731: 6719:. Retrieved 6710: 6697: 6685:. Retrieved 6676: 6666: 6654:. Retrieved 6640: 6628:. Retrieved 6614: 6602: 6590: 6578:. Retrieved 6569:The Atlantic 6567: 6550: 6538:. Retrieved 6529: 6519: 6507:. Retrieved 6493: 6481:. Retrieved 6472: 6463: 6451:. Retrieved 6432: 6422: 6410:. Retrieved 6406:the original 6401: 6391: 6382: 6370:. Retrieved 6362:The Guardian 6361: 6351: 6342: 6325: 6319: 6302: 6296: 6284:. Retrieved 6275: 6265: 6255: 6250: 6238:. Retrieved 6229: 6219: 6209: 6204: 6192: 6167:12 September 6165:. Retrieved 6154: 6144:12 September 6142:. Retrieved 6132: 6122:12 September 6120:. Retrieved 6110: 6098: 6086:. Retrieved 6077: 6067: 6055: 6043: 6033:11 September 6031:. Retrieved 6014: 6001: 5989:. Retrieved 5978: 5965: 5953: 5936: 5930: 5913: 5907: 5901:The Guardian 5900: 5884: 5867: 5861: 5844: 5816: 5810: 5793: 5787: 5770: 5764: 5752:. Retrieved 5743: 5733: 5721:. Retrieved 5707: 5695:. Retrieved 5681: 5669:. Retrieved 5655: 5643:. Retrieved 5629: 5617:. Retrieved 5613:the original 5606: 5596: 5584:. Retrieved 5570: 5551: 5545: 5528: 5492: 5471:. Retrieved 5462: 5449: 5440: 5416: 5397: 5391: 5379:. Retrieved 5370: 5360: 5348:. Retrieved 5345:The Guardian 5344: 5334: 5322:. Retrieved 5307: 5295: 5283:. Retrieved 5268: 5245: 5237: 5224: 5216: 5205: 5200: 5195:for husband. 5179: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5012:questionable 5011: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4919: 4915: 4911: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4594: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4568: 4564: 4559: 4532:The Guardian 4530: 4526:Inside No. 9 4524: 4502: 4500: 4479: 4476:Ruth Rendell 4469: 4463: 4445: 4442:Colin Dexter 4435: 4423: 4419: 4410: 4395: 4384: 4381: 4311:Neil Walker 4260:Allan Scott 4088:Eddie James 3960:John Halpern 3907:Brian Greer 3859:John Dawson 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3760: 3739: 3732: 3721: 3707: 3701: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3669: 3663: 3652: 3634: 3626: 3616: 3606: 3597: 3578: 3569: 3558: 3548: 3538:The Listener 3537: 3530:Irish Times' 3529: 3525: 3517: 3511: 3499: 3493: 3476:The Observer 3474: 3467: 3461: 3446: 3433: 3432: 3431: 3425: 3417: 3410: 3398: 3387: 3378:The Atlantic 3376: 3371:The Atlantic 3370: 3362: 3355: 3341: 3334: 3316: 3306: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3276:The Listener 3274: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3245: 3234: 3229:(1995-2011). 3226:Sunday Times 3225: 3218: 3213: 3204: 3200: 3194: 3188: 3175:Significance 3174: 3169:Significance 3168: 3158: 3144: 3138: 3131:The Observer 3130: 3120:The Observer 3119: 3109:The National 3108: 3100: 3095: 3089: 3082:John Halpern 3077: 3072: 3057:Bob Smithies 3051:The Guardian 3049: 3044:The Guardian 3043: 3034: 3025: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3003: 2992: 2987: 2973: 2958: 2950: 2948: 2945: 2934: 2932: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2912: 2906: 2902: 2900: 2891: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2871:The Guardian 2870: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2811: 2807: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2763:coming from 2750: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2721: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2694: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2624: 2620: 2609: 2593: 2579: 2569: 2562: 2546: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2522: 2516: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2456: 2444: 2432: 2420: 2414: 2404: 2394: 2386: 2380: 2364: 2357: 2352: 2342: 2340: 2327: 2322: 2317: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2281: 2279: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2219: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2166: 2150: 2139: 2134: 2128: 2126: 2120: 2116: 2114: 2102: 2097: 2088: 2083: 2074: 2053: 2048: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2024: 2019: 2009: 1997: 1992: 1986: 1980: 1975: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1924: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1895: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1855: 1848: 1845:Letter banks 1838: 1834: 1829:rather than 1823: 1818: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1797: 1794:on the radio 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1740: 1728: 1723: 1718: 1706: 1701: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1684: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1632: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1593: 1585: 1576: 1574: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1522: 1518:und ermine d 1517: 1511: 1506: 1499: 1495: 1492:hidden words 1491: 1489: 1486:Hidden words 1481: 1472: 1467: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1447: 1442: 1438: 1432: 1427: 1419: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1393: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1372: 1368: 1366: 1361: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1330: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1270:curtailments 1269: 1265: 1263: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1231: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1191: 1186: 1179: 1175: 1173: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1137:, formed by 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1113: 1111: 1104:("friend"). 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1070: 1065: 1058: 1054: 1052: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1037: 1026: 1021: 1012: 990: 978: 973: 966: 949:publication 944: 939: 935: 931: 927: 920: 916: 892: 888: 874: 856: 853: 835: 832: 827: 823: 819: 818: 811: 807: 801: 799: 792: 787: 777: 767: 749: 747: 742: 738: 734: 730: 722: 720: 711: 707: 706:, where the 699: 695: 691: 689: 683: 677: 671: 667: 659: 653: 647: 641: 635: 628: 624: 620: 616: 611: 605: 603: 580: 576: 565: 545: 540: 532:The Guardian 530: 528: 524: 519: 512: 507: 503: 499: 495: 493: 487: 483: 479: 460: 456: 448: 446: 426: 420: 418: 407: 401:The Atlantic 400: 394: 386: 377: 371: 365: 359: 353: 347: 341: 339: 332: 328:Toronto Star 326: 320: 318: 313: 309:The Guardian 307: 301: 285: 281: 279: 275:nothing else 256: 249:The Observer 248: 246: 241: 237: 226: 222: 218: 213: 207: 203: 202:in his book 195: 193: 189: 182: 173:The Listener 171: 164: 158: 152: 146: 142: 140: 135:The Observer 133: 129: 122: 112: 108: 106: 101: 98:constructors 97: 93: 90:South Africa 62:Commonwealth 41: 39: 29: 8175:Juan Ostoic 8104:Will Shortz 8089:Merl Reagle 8044:Frank Longo 7989:Vic Fleming 7964:Sam Ezersky 7934:David Astle 7843:Dave Gorman 7828:Tom Driberg 7788:Adrian Bell 7436:Works cited 7424:11 December 7362:11 December 7300:14 November 7269:11 December 6088:11 December 5645:6 September 5381:27 November 5350:27 November 4628:alternative 4509:Noël Coward 4492:Alan Plater 4440:created by 4358:John Young 4188:Dean Mayer 4017:Enigmatist 4001:Rosa Klebb 3988:Sarah Hayes 3934:Dave Gorman 3800:Private Eye 3780:Independent 3714:David Astle 3694:(Australia) 3526:Irish Times 3518:Irish Times 3512:Irish Times 3388:The Browser 3358:(Australia) 3323:John Oliver 3240:Adrian Bell 3151:Tom Driberg 3146:Private Eye 3139:Private Eye 3065:Alan Connor 3012:, like the 2919:Independent 2883:Independent 2313:TO HEAR A P 2065:LIGHT CRICK 2061:RIGHT CLICK 1946:to the left 1333:don't start 1266:beheadments 994:"&lit." 970:Ennio Peres 961:crossword ( 928:ZEITmagazin 824:barred grid 668:Nice friend 664:French city 508:cryptically 437:David Astle 157:from 1925, 86:New Zealand 58:Netherlands 8340:Crosswords 8231:Quiz shows 8079:Trip Payne 8074:Rex Parker 8024:Henry Hook 8009:Paul Green 7929:Erik Agard 7883:Don Manley 7699:Crosswords 7574:The Nation 7565:The Nation 7240:0550102795 7216:6 November 7190:6 November 6711:The Nation 6687:22 October 6560:Cox, Emily 6540:21 October 6272:"DT 27470" 6015:The Nation 5980:The Nation 5697:2 November 5671:2 November 5586:31 October 5497:Cox, Emily 5261:References 5213:possessive 4976:outrageous 4864:in a tizzy 4776:disorderly 4716:characters 4401:Ruth Crisp 4245:Bannsider 4228:Notabilis 4135:Don Manley 3916:Virgilius 3894:Cinephile 3887:Araucaria 3846:Cincinnus 3617:New Yorker 3570:The Nation 3559:The Nation 3422:Canada Day 3418:The Walrus 3284:The daily 3205:Spectator' 2980:Inquisitor 2668:diminutive 2641:non-rhotic 2614:MARCH PAST 2373:TERM-I-TES 2177:all-in-one 2077:Palindrome 2071:Palindrome 2049:bitter lug 2012:Spoonerism 2006:Spoonerism 1958:overturned 1857:The Nation 1778:auditioned 1754:reportedly 1742:Homophones 1737:Homophones 1731:SUFFRAGIST 1514:UNDERMINED 1500:telescopic 1418:, because 1373:unfinished 1170:Containers 936:SZ Magazin 893:Cryptogram 784:crosswords 721:Sometimes 606:indicators 461:definition 349:The Nation 304:newspapers 298:Popularity 8134:Will Weng 7984:Dan Feyer 7833:Roy Earle 7393:22 August 7321:Goodreads 6483:14 August 6453:14 August 6443:0140-0460 6434:The Times 6402:The Times 6334:1074-4355 6311:1074-4355 6023:0027-8378 5945:1074-4355 5922:1074-4355 5876:1074-4355 5853:1074-4355 5825:1074-4355 5802:1074-4355 5779:1074-4355 5754:26 August 5537:1074-4355 5473:22 August 5116:unsettled 4968:otherwise 4964:organised 4872:irregular 4800:fabricate 4788:eccentric 4780:disturbed 4772:different 4732:contrived 4648:assembled 4368:Dogberry 4344:Aardvark 4341:Scorpion 4280:Everyman 4275:Campbell 4204:Elkamere 4154:Giovanni 4139:Pasquale 3862:Chifonie 3746:Emily Cox 3641:Emily Cox 3586:Emily Cox 3500:The Hindu 3495:The Hindu 3469:The Hindu 3462:The Hindu 3426:The Globe 3350:Elsewhere 3318:The Bugle 3298:The Times 3292:(US) and 3255:Telegraph 3235:The Times 3201:Spectator 3196:Spectator 3061:Araucaria 3035:Telegraph 3010:Telegraph 2927:Telegraph 2875:The Times 2637:homophony 2571:Araucaria 2553:contains 2482:HONORABLE 2415:affidavit 2341:The term 2300:OPERA HAT 2181:&lit. 2169:&lit. 2163:&lit. 2045:LITTERBUG 1900:Reversals 1866:TENNESSEE 1798:Broadcast 1707:Would be 1639:primarily 1529:partially 1260:Deletions 1250:clutching 1180:insertion 1176:container 1118:Ikea clue 967:enigmista 955:Prajavani 938:features 917:piilosana 803:The Times 613:Compilers 594:, giving 433:Melbourne 378:The Times 314:The Times 166:The Times 66:Australia 8334:Category 8314:Wordplay 8039:Wyna Liu 7751:Elements 7713:Acrostic 7563:Solving 7418:Archived 7387:Archived 7356:Archived 7325:Archived 7294:Archived 7263:Archived 7210:CREATE Ψ 7184:Archived 7180:CREATE Ψ 7162:27199805 7036:30018576 6982:60466349 6869:Archived 6844:31 March 6838:Archived 6813:31 March 6807:Archived 6748:Archived 6721:1 August 6715:Archived 6681:Archived 6650:Archived 6624:Archived 6574:Archived 6534:Archived 6509:30 April 6503:Archived 6477:Archived 6447:Archived 6412:30 April 6366:Archived 6286:12 April 6280:Archived 6240:12 April 6234:Archived 6082:Archived 6027:Archived 5991:12 April 5985:Archived 5893:Archived 5748:Archived 5717:Archived 5691:Archived 5665:Archived 5639:Archived 5619:29 April 5580:Archived 5467:Archived 5375:Archived 5318:Archived 5285:29 April 5279:Archived 5096:troubled 5044:shifting 5004:produced 5000:prepared 4996:possible 4980:peculiar 4928:modified 4920:mistaken 4868:involved 4860:improper 4796:engineer 4764:designed 4748:could be 4728:confused 4724:composed 4704:careless 4652:assorted 4644:arranged 4616:adjusted 4604:abstract 4539:See also 4389:and the 4349:Osmosis 4319:Jambazi 4148:Bradman 4145:Quixote 4104:Cyclops 4091:Brummie 3998:Anarche 3992:Arachne 3910:Brendan 3869:Armonie 3838:Orlando 3805:Observer 3770:Guardian 3724:(Canada) 3700:papers, 3581:(Canada) 3522:Crosaire 3447:Harper's 3413:(Canada) 3337:magazine 3259:Guardian 3208:Columba. 2997:Scrabble 2988:Guardian 2984:"Crispa" 2915:Guardian 2529:ANALYSIS 2445:Outsides 2375:, where 2369:TERMITES 2057:Guardian 2020:sounding 1966:comes up 1943:reverses 1927:receding 1786:is heard 1758:they say 1678:to form 1643:to start 1545:conceals 1044:anagrind 1001:Anagrams 934:and the 883:form in 838:magazine 760:ZERO ICE 756:EXORCIZE 723:compiler 666:. Thus 625:New York 596:TRAGICAL 548:TRAGICAL 504:could be 488:wordplay 457:straight 361:Harper's 287:Guardian 196:Listener 185:magazine 183:New York 7728:Fill-In 7331:16 July 7153:4853387 7136:: 567. 7027:6037892 7010:: 904. 6875:1 April 6754:12 June 6656:16 July 6630:16 July 5723:16 July 5324:23 July 5251:anagram 5168:wrecked 5164:working 5152:wayward 5144:version 5128:unusual 5120:unsound 5100:turning 5088:treated 5084:tangled 5072:strange 5060:somehow 5056:smashed 5024:remodel 4988:playing 4984:perhaps 4936:muddled 4908:managed 4896:letters 4888:kind of 4884:jumping 4880:jumbled 4852:haywire 4824:foolish 4816:fiddled 4768:develop 4760:dancing 4756:damaged 4744:corrupt 4736:convert 4712:chaotic 4708:changed 4680:bizarre 4676:becomes 4664:awkward 4636:another 4612:adapted 4471:Othello 4465:Curtain 4270:Falcon 4221:Nestor 4199:Loroso 4179:Shamus 4173:Sleuth 4170:Hypnos 4068:Nutmeg 4023:Nimrod 3950:Django 3709:The Age 3692:The Age 3622:online. 3464:(India) 3356:The Age 2999:tiles. 2913:In the 2910:rules. 2689:DESCANT 2391:Cockney 2354:Ximenes 2305:Puccini 2241:anagram 2190:in toto 2173:literal 2157:SNAP UP 2142:DOG RUN 2121:revenge 1962:mounted 1939:returns 1762:utterly 1680:DAHOMEY 1660:DAHOMEY 1635:firstly 1577:missing 1553:held by 1525:in part 1394:darling 1337:topless 1148:against 1135:BANKING 1114:charade 1108:Charade 1015:anagram 963:Kannada 913:Finnish 820:Variety 788:checked 748:In the 636:Bloomer 480:cryptic 428:The Age 290:setter 198:setter 113:variety 94:setters 54:Ireland 8198:Events 7568:'s 7478: 7450: 7238: 7160: 7150: 7034: 7024: 6980: 6780: 6580:1 July 6441: 6372:29 May 6332: 6309: 6021: 5943: 5920: 5874: 5851: 5823: 5800: 5777: 5558: 5535: 5507: 5432: 5424: 5404: 5189:A MOST 5185:THOMAS 5148:warped 5124:untidy 5112:undone 5092:tricky 5080:switch 5068:spoilt 5052:sloppy 5040:shaken 5032:resort 5028:repair 5020:reform 5016:random 4940:mutant 4932:moving 4876:jostle 4856:hybrid 4848:hammer 4844:ground 4812:faulty 4792:edited 4784:doctor 4740:cooked 4720:clumsy 4656:at sea 4640:around 4608:absurd 4583:hooded 4577:, the 4570:hoodie 4314:Tramp 4297:Dante 4290:Rufus 4031:Elgar 3943:Bluth 3441:paper. 2794:soccer 2539:(8)" ( 2507:ROTTEN 2336:DOG IN 2328:gives 2297:gives 1989:THAMES 1987:gives 1954:rising 1750:knight 1568:gives 1551:, and 1537:within 1512:gives 1435:POLISH 1390:DARING 1369:nearly 1339:, and 1318:craven 1272:, and 1254:enters 1242:around 1234:inside 1192:gives 1033:CORSET 1029:ESCORT 1027:gives 981:riddle 951:Sakshi 947:Telugu 925:German 921:krypto 901:Hetman 895:) in 885:Israel 881:Hebrew 716:BANKER 704:CANDLE 692:flower 684:Permit 648:Runner 642:Flower 473:number 471:, and 387:Enigma 370:. The 233:BE DRY 143:Sunday 109:themed 88:, and 70:Canada 56:, the 8277:Other 8148:Other 7706:Types 7642:Media 7078:, in 6978:S2CID 6933:, in 5495:. By 5238:sweet 5207:' 5191:plus 5172:wrong 5156:weird 5132:upset 5104:twist 5076:style 5048:silly 5036:rough 5008:queer 4960:order 4948:novel 4916:messy 4912:maybe 4900:loose 4892:knead 4840:gives 4836:fudge 4808:fancy 4752:crazy 4700:build 4692:break 4684:blend 4672:barmy 4660:awful 4624:alien 4620:again 4600:about 4551:Notes 4361:Shed 4196:Anax 4121:Monk 4118:Monk 4054:Kcit 3978:Dada 3973:Mudd 3970:Punk 3964:Paul 3819:Tees 3775:Times 3361:(see 3307:Times 3286:Times 3267:Times 3263:Times 3251:Times 3246:Times 3181:Wiley 3101:Times 3018:Times 3014:Times 2903:Times 2896:HORSE 2892:Times 2765:circa 2720:(for 2714:EGYPT 2563:Drunk 2559:MERRY 2533:nails 2486:NORAB 2410:DAVIT 2331:DINGO 2220:od in 2155:, or 2105:MADAM 1920:LAGER 1916:REGAL 1883:ADVIL 1835:right 1770:vocal 1746:night 1691:tails 1627:ANNIE 1541:hides 1477:ADMIT 1420:blind 1416:BLIND 1326:circa 1314:RAVEN 1246:about 1219:VOICE 1164:above 1152:after 1112:In a 1077:LEMON 1073:MELON 909:Chess 905:queen 897:Dutch 836:Games 808:Times 768:times 712:river 678:Novel 592:RAGIC 581:cigar 577:cigar 573:RAGIC 500:gives 469:tense 404:' 238:be be 229:DERBY 102:quick 82:Malta 78:Kenya 74:India 44:is a 7922:U.S. 7781:U.K. 7659:Data 7476:ISBN 7448:ISBN 7426:2016 7395:2018 7364:2016 7333:2015 7302:2018 7271:2016 7236:ASIN 7218:2018 7192:2018 7158:PMID 7032:PMID 6877:2024 6846:2022 6815:2022 6778:ISBN 6756:2021 6723:2020 6689:2011 6658:2015 6632:2015 6582:2015 6542:2009 6511:2019 6485:2023 6455:2023 6439:ISSN 6414:2010 6374:2024 6330:ISSN 6307:ISSN 6288:2024 6242:2024 6169:2024 6146:2024 6124:2022 6090:2016 6035:2022 6019:ISSN 5993:2024 5941:ISSN 5918:ISSN 5872:ISSN 5849:ISSN 5821:ISSN 5798:ISSN 5775:ISSN 5756:2015 5725:2015 5699:2012 5673:2012 5647:2008 5621:2019 5588:2016 5556:ISBN 5533:ISSN 5505:ISBN 5475:2018 5430:ISBN 5422:ISBN 5402:ISBN 5383:2021 5352:2021 5326:2014 5287:2019 5204:The 5170:and 5160:wild 5140:vary 5136:used 5064:sort 4992:poor 4904:made 4832:free 4828:form 4804:fake 4696:brew 4688:blow 4632:anew 4587:hood 4047:Phi 3938:Fed 3924:Jed 3822:Neo 3748:and 3735:(US) 3706:and 3690:and 3668:The 3643:and 3588:and 3561:(US) 3516:The 3449:(US) 3401:(US) 3390:(US) 3373:(US) 3325:and 3305:The 3244:The 3126:Azed 3094:The 3022:here 3008:The 2925:and 2905:and 2881:and 2840:BEER 2821:and 2815:BEER 2782:AXIS 2682:and 2629:SORE 2580:I am 2490:HOLE 2450:CAEN 2438:ACTS 2426:MAIS 2399:DIME 2381:test 2245:VOTE 2237:VETO 2216:Odin 2212:ODIN 2153:PANS 2093:or: 2091:DEED 1950:left 1885:and 1862:TENS 1839:rite 1837:and 1831:PAIR 1827:PARE 1819:pair 1815:PARE 1792:and 1748:and 1709:HAWK 1695:last 1687:ends 1672:DAME 1641:and 1549:some 1463:DOWN 1371:and 1362:book 1297:star 1238:over 1227:VICE 1194:PAUL 1160:with 1143:KING 1055:then 957:and 828:bars 743:mine 696:flow 660:Nice 654:Lead 617:west 566:tale 539:15D 496:from 478:The 455:The 425:and 331:and 251:was 145:and 7148:PMC 7138:doi 7102:doi 7022:PMC 7012:doi 6970:doi 5230:WEE 4972:out 4956:off 4952:odd 4944:new 4924:mix 4820:fix 4668:bad 4579:-ed 4515:'s 4490:". 4462:'s 4026:Io 3342:Viz 3335:Viz 3273:'s 3271:BBC 2844:BEE 2827:BEE 2819:BEE 2757:COO 2684:ANT 2680:DES 2672:DES 2633:saw 2631:= " 2598:on 2576:IAM 2561:. ( 2555:ERR 2541:Say 2537:say 2379:is 2377:TES 2315:). 2262:EGG 2243:of 2175:or 2167:An 2119:or 1983:(6) 1964:or 1960:or 1948:or 1887:NOT 1609:APE 1570:DOG 1498:or 1490:In 1358:BOO 1292:TAR 1198:PAL 1178:or 1162:or 1139:BAN 1116:or 1102:PAL 1098:LAP 1013:An 907:in 745:). 708:-ed 700:-er 672:ami 588:TAL 575:(a 562:TAL 502:or 486:or 459:or 431:in 111:or 8336:: 7416:. 7412:. 7385:. 7381:. 7354:. 7350:. 7323:. 7319:. 7292:. 7288:. 7261:. 7257:. 7234:. 7208:. 7178:. 7156:. 7146:. 7132:. 7128:. 7114:^ 7096:. 7030:. 7020:. 7006:. 7002:. 6990:^ 6976:. 6966:35 6964:. 6909:^ 6879:. 6867:. 6863:. 6836:. 6832:. 6805:. 6801:. 6746:. 6742:. 6713:. 6709:. 6679:. 6675:. 6648:. 6622:. 6566:. 6558:; 6532:. 6528:. 6475:. 6471:. 6445:. 6437:. 6431:. 6400:. 6364:. 6360:. 6278:. 6274:. 6232:. 6228:. 6177:^ 6076:. 6025:. 6017:. 6013:. 5983:. 5977:. 5899:, 5833:^ 5746:. 5742:. 5715:. 5637:. 5605:. 5578:. 5519:^ 5499:; 5483:^ 5465:. 5461:. 5457:. 5428:, 5373:. 5369:. 5343:. 5316:. 5217:is 5166:, 5162:, 5158:, 5154:, 5150:, 5146:, 5142:, 5138:, 5134:, 5130:, 5126:, 5122:, 5118:, 5114:, 5110:, 5106:, 5102:, 5098:, 5094:, 5090:, 5086:, 5082:, 5078:, 5074:, 5070:, 5066:, 5062:, 5058:, 5054:, 5050:, 5046:, 5042:, 5038:, 5034:, 5030:, 5026:, 5022:, 5018:, 5014:, 5010:, 5006:, 5002:, 4998:, 4994:, 4990:, 4986:, 4982:, 4978:, 4974:, 4970:, 4966:, 4962:, 4958:, 4954:, 4950:, 4946:, 4942:, 4938:, 4934:, 4930:, 4926:, 4922:, 4918:, 4914:, 4910:, 4906:, 4902:, 4898:, 4894:, 4890:, 4886:, 4882:, 4878:, 4874:, 4870:, 4866:, 4862:, 4858:, 4854:, 4850:, 4846:, 4842:, 4838:, 4834:, 4830:, 4826:, 4822:, 4818:, 4814:, 4810:, 4806:, 4802:, 4798:, 4794:, 4790:, 4786:, 4782:, 4778:, 4774:, 4770:, 4766:, 4762:, 4758:, 4754:, 4750:, 4746:, 4742:, 4738:, 4734:, 4730:, 4726:, 4722:, 4718:, 4714:, 4710:, 4706:, 4702:, 4698:, 4694:, 4690:, 4686:, 4682:, 4678:, 4674:, 4670:, 4666:, 4662:, 4658:, 4654:, 4650:, 4646:, 4642:, 4638:, 4634:, 4630:, 4626:, 4622:, 4618:, 4614:, 4610:, 4606:, 4602:, 4589:'. 4535:. 4454:, 4393:. 4300:x 4265:x 4242:x 4218:x 4193:x 4176:x 4151:x 4142:x 4071:x 4020:x 3995:x 3967:x 3921:x 3913:x 3841:x 3816:x 3424:, 2921:, 2917:, 2846:+ 2790:XI 2753:OO 2732:PT 2718:EG 2699:. 2551:MY 2535:, 2280:A 2272:. 2266:EG 2171:, 2148:. 2115:A 2107:. 1956:, 1941:, 1937:, 1933:, 1929:, 1918:. 1893:. 1841:. 1796:. 1788:, 1784:, 1780:, 1776:, 1772:, 1760:, 1756:, 1693:, 1689:, 1682:. 1676:HO 1664:HO 1645:. 1637:, 1555:. 1547:, 1543:, 1539:, 1535:, 1533:in 1531:, 1527:, 1494:, 1475:– 1375:. 1343:. 1335:, 1268:, 1252:, 1248:, 1244:, 1240:, 1236:, 1174:A 1158:, 1156:on 1154:, 1150:, 1083:. 1035:. 942:. 741:, 739:my 737:, 735:me 733:, 714:→ 629:NY 627:= 623:, 619:= 510:. 498:, 482:, 467:, 358:, 352:, 346:, 325:, 316:. 263:: 210:: 84:, 80:, 76:, 72:, 68:, 40:A 7691:e 7684:t 7677:v 7628:: 7576:) 7484:. 7456:. 7428:. 7397:. 7366:. 7335:. 7304:. 7273:. 7242:. 7220:. 7194:. 7164:. 7140:: 7134:7 7108:. 7104:: 7098:8 7038:. 7014:: 7008:9 6984:. 6972:: 6848:. 6817:. 6786:. 6758:. 6725:. 6691:. 6660:. 6634:. 6584:. 6544:. 6513:. 6487:. 6457:. 6416:. 6376:. 6336:. 6313:. 6290:. 6244:. 6214:. 6171:. 6148:. 6126:. 6092:. 6037:. 5995:. 5947:. 5924:. 5878:. 5855:. 5827:. 5804:. 5781:. 5758:. 5727:. 5701:. 5675:. 5649:. 5623:. 5590:. 5564:. 5539:. 5513:. 5477:. 5410:. 5385:. 5354:. 5328:. 5289:. 5240:. 5234:E 5209:s 5193:H 5174:. 3592:. 3479:. 3365:) 3300:. 3279:. 3096:i 3090:i 3067:. 3053:' 2848:R 2842:( 2835:R 2831:R 2823:R 2798:S 2786:A 2761:C 2736:U 2728:Y 2676:C 2664:C 2627:( 2578:( 2453:. 2441:. 2429:. 2401:. 2395:H 2371:( 2309:P 2270:G 1668:Y 1443:o 1439:o 1322:C 1223:O 1202:U 764:X 731:I 729:( 674:. 621:W 564:( 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index