Knowledge (XXG)

Mercury-Atlas 4

Source ๐Ÿ“

513:(which was 34 miles from the landing point) picked up the capsule, which was found to be in good condition with little damage from either liftoff, orbit, or reentry. Postflight examination found that the oxygen rate handle had been dislodged by liftoff-induced vibration and cracked open a valve. This had allowed oxygen to escape into space, but not at sufficient rates to trigger a telemetry warning measurement, although it did trigger the oxygen warning light in the capsule. The handle was redesigned afterwards to be more difficult to move. The problem reorienting the capsule after booster separation was found to be the result of an open circuit in the pitch gyro. 26: 89: 502:
forward proved more difficult than expected, taking 50 seconds instead of the normal 20 seconds. At a few points during the mission, the capsule's attitude became slightly unstable due to the failure of two thrusters, which caused momentary telemetry dropouts. The capsule completed one orbit prior to returning to Earth. Reentry took place one hour and 28 minutes after launch, and splashdown occurred in the Atlantic Ocean 176 miles (283 kilometers) east of
453: 913: 360: 541: 414:. Despite initial technical challenges, Mercury-Atlas 4 successfully met its goals. The mission involved testing the Mercury spacecraft, specifically Mercury #8A, which completed one orbit around Earth. This successful flight provided important data and insights for NASA's Project Mercury, supporting the planning and development of upcoming crewed missions in the program. 829: 468:; all previous successful launches were suborbital. The payload consisted of a pilot simulator (to test the environmental controls), two voice tapes (to check the tracking network), a life support system, three cameras, and instrumentation to monitor levels of noise, vibration and radiation. Because it was suspected that a 439:
had necessitated extensive modifications to the booster. Atlas vehicle 88D did not undergo its factory rollout inspection until June 30 and delivery to Cape Canaveral waited until July 15. Moreover, the flight was not going to use Mercury capsule #9 as planned, but instead capsule #8A, which had been
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acceleration. Capsule performance was also good despite some concern over high oxygen usage in orbit, but ground controllers did not consider it a serious problem and the oxygen supply was sufficient for at least 8 orbits. The process of turning the capsule around in orbit so its heat shield faced
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Of continuing concern were rough combustion and gyroscope malfunctions as these failure modes had destroyed two Atlas E vehicles in June. The Spin Motor Rotation Detection System, invented to prevent an Atlas from launching with an improperly operating gyroscope, was just being phased in and would
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in July had experienced a programmer reset at staging, which did not have any significant effect or prevent the satellite from reaching orbit, but this incident was thoroughly investigated because of the problems with Mercury-Atlas 3; one modification to Mercury vehicles would involve removing the
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A series of delays occurred due to problems with the Atlas autopilot, including the replacement of a defective yaw rate gyro. Launch was originally intended for August 22 but pushed back. Further delays happened when it was discovered that the brand of transistor used in both the Atlas and Mercury
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The MA-4 mission had successfully achieved all its flight objectives. It had demonstrated the ability of the Atlas LV-3B rocket to lift the Mercury capsule into orbit and of the capsule and its systems to operate completely autonomously, and it had succeeded in obtaining pictures of the Earth.
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The biggest problem encountered on Mercury-Atlas 4 was an uncomfortably high level of liftoff vibration from T+5 to T+20 seconds, so a few more small modifications were made to the Atlas's autopilot. However,
476:'s failure to stage), Convair equipped the autopilot to give the engines a counteracting capability. Thus, testing this was also an objective of the flight. Also, the Atlas vehicle used to launch 440:
recovered from the Mercury-Atlas 3 launch and refurbished. Capsule #8A was also the last of the older models with small port windows, no landing bag, and a heavy locking mechanism on the hatch.
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Nonetheless, to be on the safe side and test out a few more design changes, NASA still planned for one more uncrewed test before committing the Mercury-Atlas combo to a crewed flight.
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expressed his confidence that the booster was now man-rated, and that a human passenger would have survived the flight.
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were prone to forming solder balls, thus the entire last week of August was spent laboriously repairing them.
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caused the malfunction of Mercury-Atlas 3's programmer (and that a similar problem had been responsible for
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Payloads are separated by bullets ( ยท ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
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Photography of the Western Sahara desert from the Mercury MA-4 spacecraft
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Swenson Jr., Loyd S.; Grimwood, James M.; Alexander, Charles C. (1989).
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Swenson Jr., Loyd S.; Grimwood, James M.; Alexander, Charles C. (1989).
1818: 1795: 1712: 1660: 1556: 1521: 1281: 503: 1849:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets). 1615: 842: 498: 451: 314: 304: 887: 801: 695: 657: 595: 395: 61: 1466: 846: 768:. Vol. 51, no. 287. Cape Canaveral. p. 1B (61). 402:
program, launched on September 13, 1961, at 14:04:16 UTC from
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The launch went well and the thick-skinned Atlas survived
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120.02 nautical miles (222.28 km; 138.12 mi)
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85.93 nautical miles (159.14 km; 98.89 mi)
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(December 1964). 18: 1485: 1471: 1463: 1381: 1147: 927: 865: 851: 843: 427:There were a series of delays getting the 358: 87: 24: 17: 410:'s performance in orbit and to test the 664:from the original on September 24, 2022 566: 460:This flight was an orbital test of the 772:from the original on November 14, 2023 738:from the original on November 14, 2023 605:from the original on November 13, 2023 485:not appear in a Mercury vehicle until 435:ready as the postflight findings from 7: 1882:Spacecraft launched by Atlas rockets 394:was an uncrewed test flight within 1877:Spacecraft which reentered in 1961 836:from websites or documents of the 811:from the original on April 7, 2023 121:41,919 kilometers (26,047 mi) 14: 757:Brown, Dan (September 14, 1961). 171:1,224.7 kilograms (2,700 lb) 832: This article incorporates 827: 539: 1276:McDonnell Aircraft Corporation 722:"Long Stride To Manned Flight" 99: 1: 804:. pp. 148โ€“149. SP-4001. 794:Project Mercury: A Chronology 30:The launch of Mercury-Atlas 4 462:Mercury Space Flight Network 412:Mercury Space Flight Network 258:September 13, 1961, 15:53:36 192:September 13, 1961, 14:04:16 1872:Spacecraft launched in 1961 1436:Manned Space Flight Network 791:Grimwood, James M. (1963). 1898: 909: 1839: 1517: 698:. SP-4201. Archived from 519:Manned Spaceflight Center 357: 353: 274: 270: 232: 228: 179: 175: 137: 133: 45: 23: 628:. Jonathan's Space Pages 1354:Wallops Flight Facility 1294:North American Aviation 916:Mercury program capsule 456:Simulator in spacecraft 1369:Mercury Control Center 917: 834:public domain material 766:- Indian River Edition 734:. September 13, 1961. 457: 392:Mercury-Atlas 4 (MA-4) 262:1961-09-13UTC15:53:37Z 196:1961-09-13UTC14:04:16Z 1417:(rival in space race) 915: 455: 284:Reference system 142:Spacecraft properties 1501:Orbital launches in 1446:Astronaut Wives Club 800:(Technical report). 624:McDowell, Jonathan. 590:(Technical report). 369:Mercury-Atlas series 1394:(successor program) 1296:(Little Joe rocket) 423:Launch preparations 68:Harvard designation 20: 1343:and Control Center 1167:In order of flight 918: 547:Spaceflight portal 493:Mission highlights 458: 433:Mercury spacecraft 408:Mercury spacecraft 349:September 13, 1961 339:88.38 minutes 279:Orbital parameters 162:McDonnell Aircraft 118:Distance travelled 71:1961 Alpha Alpha 1 1854: 1853: 1460: 1459: 1441:Mercury spacesuit 1424: 1423: 1290:(Redstone rocket) 1232: 1231: 1104: 1103: 592:McGill University 470:transient voltage 389: 388: 370: 329:32.5 degrees 1889: 1574:Korabl-Sputnik 5 1569:Korabl-Sputnik 4 1527:Tyazhely Sputnik 1506: 1505: 1504: 1487: 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Retrieved 793: 786: 776:November 14, 774:. Retrieved 764:Miami Herald 762: 752: 742:November 14, 740:. Retrieved 725: 716: 706:November 14, 704:. Retrieved 700:the original 668:November 14, 666:. Retrieved 630:. Retrieved 619: 609:November 13, 607:. Retrieved 583: 527: 515: 509: 496: 483: 459: 442: 429:Atlas rocket 426: 391: 390: 255:Landing date 247: 242:Recovered by 158:Manufacturer 50:Mission type 15: 1702:Explorer 13 1692:Explorer 12 1610:Explorer 11 1579:Explorer 10 1269:Contractors 1237:Subprograms 1180:Gus Grissom 1031:Beach Abort 981:Cancelled: 660:. SP-4201. 523:Bob Gilruth 325:Inclination 216:Launch site 209:Atlas LV-3B 189:Launch date 168:Launch mass 53:Test flight 1861:Categories 1780:Transit 4B 1744:Westford 1 1634:Transit 4A 1552:Transit 3B 1537:Explorer 9 1451:Mercury 13 1333:(proposed) 1326:Little Joe 1261:(canceled) 1186:John Glenn 1173:Suborbit: 1144:Astronauts 1127:Suborbit: 937:Suborbit: 898:Space race 598:. CR-124. 561:References 555:Splashdown 288:Geocentric 147:Spacecraft 1843:underline 1825:DS-1 No.2 1757:DS-1 No.1 1216:Equipment 1006:Big Joe 1 940:Freedom 7 632:March 23, 521:director 508:USS  298:Low Earth 266: UTC 246:USS  200: UTC 83:1961-025A 77:COSPAR ID 1831:FTV-2203 1790:Ranger 2 1697:Ranger 1 1686:Vostok 2 1639:SOLRAD 3 1597:Vostok 1 1532:Venera 1 1316:Redstone 1288:Chrysler 1123:Miss Sam 994:Uncrewed 962:Aurora 7 924:Missions 806:Archived 770:Archived 736:Archived 662:Archived 626:"SATCAT" 600:Archived 533:See also 58:Operator 1847:italics 1819:OSCAR 1 1796:Samos 4 1739:Midas 4 1713:Samos 3 1666:Midas 3 1661:TIROS-3 1644:Injun 1 1557:LOFTI-1 1522:Samos 2 1429:Related 1331:Jupiter 1304:Rockets 1282:Convair 1151:General 976:Faith 7 969:Sigma 7 881:General 510:Decatur 504:Bermuda 478:MIDAS 3 474:Big Joe 260: ( 248:Decatur 194: ( 151:Mercury 98:SATCAT 1510:1962 โ†’ 1495:โ† 1960 1415:Vostok 1408:Soviet 1398:Apollo 1392:Gemini 931:Crewed 335:Period 294:Regime 205:Rocket 1785:TRAAC 1616:S-45A 1311:Atlas 1081:LJ-5B 1071:MR-BD 1066:LJ-5A 1051:MR-1A 1026:LJ-1B 1016:LJ-1A 809:(PDF) 798:(PDF) 603:(PDF) 588:(PDF) 499:Max Q 345:Epoch 223:LC-14 36:Names 1650:S-55 1563:S-45 1503:1961 1135:Enos 1096:MA-5 1091:MS-1 1086:MA-4 1076:MA-3 1061:MA-2 1056:MR-2 1046:MR-1 1036:MA-1 1021:LJ-2 1011:LJ-6 888:NASA 817:2023 802:NASA 778:2023 744:2023 708:2023 696:NASA 670:2023 658:NASA 634:2014 611:2023 596:NASA 594:and 431:and 396:NASA 211:88-D 62:NASA 41:MA-4 1129:Ham 1118:Sam 398:'s 153:#8A 105:183 100:no. 1863:: 1385:US 1352:/ 840:. 761:. 724:. 694:. 678:^ 656:. 642:^ 569:^ 489:. 1486:e 1479:t 1472:v 866:e 859:t 852:v 819:. 780:. 746:. 710:. 672:. 636:. 613:. 264:) 198:) 129:1

Index


NASA
COSPAR ID
1961-025A
Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.
Mercury
McDonnell Aircraft
Atlas LV-3B
Cape Canaveral
LC-14
USS Decatur
Geocentric
Low Earth
Perigee altitude
Apogee altitude
Inclination
Period
Epoch

Project Mercury
Mercury-Atlas 3
Mercury-Atlas 5
NASA
Project Mercury
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14
Mercury spacecraft
Mercury Space Flight Network
Atlas rocket
Mercury spacecraft

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