513:(which was 34 miles from the landing point) picked up the capsule, which was found to be in good condition with little damage from either liftoff, orbit, or reentry. Postflight examination found that the oxygen rate handle had been dislodged by liftoff-induced vibration and cracked open a valve. This had allowed oxygen to escape into space, but not at sufficient rates to trigger a telemetry warning measurement, although it did trigger the oxygen warning light in the capsule. The handle was redesigned afterwards to be more difficult to move. The problem reorienting the capsule after booster separation was found to be the result of an open circuit in the pitch gyro.
26:
89:
502:
forward proved more difficult than expected, taking 50 seconds instead of the normal 20 seconds. At a few points during the mission, the capsule's attitude became slightly unstable due to the failure of two thrusters, which caused momentary telemetry dropouts. The capsule completed one orbit prior to returning to Earth. Reentry took place one hour and 28 minutes after launch, and splashdown occurred in the
Atlantic Ocean 176 miles (283 kilometers) east of
453:
913:
360:
541:
414:. Despite initial technical challenges, Mercury-Atlas 4 successfully met its goals. The mission involved testing the Mercury spacecraft, specifically Mercury #8A, which completed one orbit around Earth. This successful flight provided important data and insights for NASA's Project Mercury, supporting the planning and development of upcoming crewed missions in the program.
829:
468:; all previous successful launches were suborbital. The payload consisted of a pilot simulator (to test the environmental controls), two voice tapes (to check the tracking network), a life support system, three cameras, and instrumentation to monitor levels of noise, vibration and radiation. Because it was suspected that a
439:
had necessitated extensive modifications to the booster. Atlas vehicle 88D did not undergo its factory rollout inspection until June 30 and delivery to Cape
Canaveral waited until July 15. Moreover, the flight was not going to use Mercury capsule #9 as planned, but instead capsule #8A, which had been
501:
acceleration. Capsule performance was also good despite some concern over high oxygen usage in orbit, but ground controllers did not consider it a serious problem and the oxygen supply was sufficient for at least 8 orbits. The process of turning the capsule around in orbit so its heat shield faced
484:
Of continuing concern were rough combustion and gyroscope malfunctions as these failure modes had destroyed two Atlas E vehicles in June. The Spin Motor
Rotation Detection System, invented to prevent an Atlas from launching with an improperly operating gyroscope, was just being phased in and would
480:
in July had experienced a programmer reset at staging, which did not have any significant effect or prevent the satellite from reaching orbit, but this incident was thoroughly investigated because of the problems with
Mercury-Atlas 3; one modification to Mercury vehicles would involve removing the
443:
A series of delays occurred due to problems with the Atlas autopilot, including the replacement of a defective yaw rate gyro. Launch was originally intended for August 22 but pushed back. Further delays happened when it was discovered that the brand of transistor used in both the Atlas and
Mercury
528:
The MA-4 mission had successfully achieved all its flight objectives. It had demonstrated the ability of the Atlas LV-3B rocket to lift the
Mercury capsule into orbit and of the capsule and its systems to operate completely autonomously, and it had succeeded in obtaining pictures of the Earth.
516:
The biggest problem encountered on
Mercury-Atlas 4 was an uncomfortably high level of liftoff vibration from T+5 to T+20 seconds, so a few more small modifications were made to the Atlas's autopilot. However,
476:'s failure to stage), Convair equipped the autopilot to give the engines a counteracting capability. Thus, testing this was also an objective of the flight. Also, the Atlas vehicle used to launch
440:
recovered from the
Mercury-Atlas 3 launch and refurbished. Capsule #8A was also the last of the older models with small port windows, no landing bag, and a heavy locking mechanism on the hatch.
529:
Nonetheless, to be on the safe side and test out a few more design changes, NASA still planned for one more uncrewed test before committing the
Mercury-Atlas combo to a crewed flight.
1484:
403:
222:
735:
769:
1881:
837:
1876:
805:
599:
864:
1477:
1784:
1871:
691:
1470:
1363:
219:
1358:
1315:
1248:
554:
857:
721:
661:
525:
expressed his confidence that the booster was now man-rated, and that a human passenger would have survived the flight.
758:
477:
1435:
461:
411:
1866:
912:
850:
97:
76:
444:
were prone to forming solder balls, thus the entire last week of August was spent laboriously repairing them.
1353:
1293:
792:
582:
472:
caused the malfunction of
Mercury-Atlas 3's programmer (and that a similar problem had been responsible for
1368:
82:
25:
1445:
518:
507:
245:
1509:
1498:
1494:
1325:
1320:
1070:
1050:
726:
452:
324:
1841:
Payloads are separated by bullets ( ยท ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
1807:
1275:
1055:
1045:
945:
938:
546:
432:
407:
161:
1779:
699:
1824:
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1440:
1134:
591:
344:
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1258:
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953:
873:
486:
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436:
399:
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375:
364:
297:
150:
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1349:
1330:
334:
88:
1860:
1813:
1774:
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1728:
1718:
1706:
1678:
1671:
1655:
1628:
1622:
1590:
1584:
1546:
1541:
1243:
1200:
1195:
1157:
1122:
1080:
1065:
1025:
1015:
469:
833:
1222:
1206:
1174:
1117:
1040:
1020:
1010:
1000:
763:
1701:
1691:
1609:
1578:
1310:
1179:
1030:
902:
522:
428:
208:
359:
1743:
1633:
1551:
1536:
1450:
1185:
897:
653:
536:
625:
1005:
473:
1830:
1789:
1696:
1685:
1638:
1596:
1531:
1287:
584:
Photography of the Western Sahara desert from the Mercury MA-4 spacecraft
690:
Swenson Jr., Loyd S.; Grimwood, James M.; Alexander, Charles C. (1989).
652:
Swenson Jr., Loyd S.; Grimwood, James M.; Alexander, Charles C. (1989).
1818:
1795:
1712:
1660:
1556:
1521:
1281:
503:
1849:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
1615:
842:
498:
451:
314:
304:
887:
801:
695:
657:
595:
395:
61:
1466:
846:
768:. Vol. 51, no. 287. Cape Canaveral. p. 1B (61).
402:
program, launched on September 13, 1961, at 14:04:16 UTC from
911:
497:
The launch went well and the thick-skinned Atlas survived
506:. One hour and 22 minutes after splashdown the destroyer
692:"This New Ocean - Chapter 12 - Mercury Orbits at Last"
319:
120.02 nautical miles (222.28 km; 138.12 mi)
685:
683:
681:
679:
406:. The mission's primary purpose was to evaluate the
309:
85.93 nautical miles (159.14 km; 98.89 mi)
1428:
1407:
1384:
1377:
1340:
1303:
1268:
1236:
1215:
1166:
1150:
1143:
1108:
993:
930:
923:
880:
343:
333:
323:
313:
303:
293:
283:
278:
254:
241:
236:
215:
204:
188:
183:
167:
157:
146:
141:
125:
117:
109:
96:
75:
67:
57:
49:
35:
1364:Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14
647:
645:
643:
404:Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14
1359:Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 5
654:"This New Ocean - Chapter 12 - Final Rehearsals"
481:programmer's ability to reset itself in flight.
464:and the first successful orbital flight test of
730:. Vol. 109, no. 256. Cape Canaveral.
1453:(non-NASA project inspired by Project Mercury)
1845:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
1478:
858:
838:National Aeronautics and Space Administration
576:
574:
572:
570:
113:1 hour, 49 minutes, 20 seconds
8:
759:"Space Ship's on the Main Line--All the Way"
581:Morrison, A.; Chown, M. C. (December 1964).
18:
1485:
1471:
1463:
1381:
1147:
927:
865:
851:
843:
427:There were a series of delays getting the
358:
87:
24:
17:
410:'s performance in orbit and to test the
664:from the original on September 24, 2022
566:
460:This flight was an orbital test of the
772:from the original on November 14, 2023
738:from the original on November 14, 2023
605:from the original on November 13, 2023
485:not appear in a Mercury vehicle until
435:ready as the postflight findings from
7:
1882:Spacecraft launched by Atlas rockets
394:was an uncrewed test flight within
1877:Spacecraft which reentered in 1961
836:from websites or documents of the
811:from the original on April 7, 2023
121:41,919 kilometers (26,047 mi)
14:
757:Brown, Dan (September 14, 1961).
171:1,224.7 kilograms (2,700 lb)
832: This article incorporates
827:
539:
1276:McDonnell Aircraft Corporation
722:"Long Stride To Manned Flight"
99:
1:
804:. pp. 148โ149. SP-4001.
794:Project Mercury: A Chronology
30:The launch of Mercury-Atlas 4
462:Mercury Space Flight Network
412:Mercury Space Flight Network
258:September 13, 1961, 15:53:36
192:September 13, 1961, 14:04:16
1872:Spacecraft launched in 1961
1436:Manned Space Flight Network
791:Grimwood, James M. (1963).
1898:
909:
1839:
1517:
698:. SP-4201. Archived from
519:Manned Spaceflight Center
357:
353:
274:
270:
232:
228:
179:
175:
137:
133:
45:
23:
628:. Jonathan's Space Pages
1354:Wallops Flight Facility
1294:North American Aviation
916:Mercury program capsule
456:Simulator in spacecraft
1369:Mercury Control Center
917:
834:public domain material
766:- Indian River Edition
734:. September 13, 1961.
457:
392:Mercury-Atlas 4 (MA-4)
262:1961-09-13UTC15:53:37Z
196:1961-09-13UTC14:04:16Z
1417:(rival in space race)
915:
455:
284:Reference system
142:Spacecraft properties
1501:Orbital launches in
1446:Astronaut Wives Club
800:(Technical report).
624:McDowell, Jonathan.
590:(Technical report).
369:Mercury-Atlas series
1394:(successor program)
1296:(Little Joe rocket)
423:Launch preparations
68:Harvard designation
20:
1343:and Control Center
1167:In order of flight
918:
547:Spaceflight portal
493:Mission highlights
458:
433:Mercury spacecraft
408:Mercury spacecraft
349:September 13, 1961
339:88.38 minutes
279:Orbital parameters
162:McDonnell Aircraft
118:Distance travelled
71:1961 Alpha Alpha 1
1854:
1853:
1460:
1459:
1441:Mercury spacesuit
1424:
1423:
1290:(Redstone rocket)
1232:
1231:
1104:
1103:
592:McGill University
470:transient voltage
389:
388:
370:
329:32.5 degrees
1889:
1574:Korabl-Sputnik 5
1569:Korabl-Sputnik 4
1527:Tyazhely Sputnik
1506:
1505:
1504:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1464:
1382:
1378:Related programs
1249:Mercury-Redstone
1148:
928:
893:Space Task Group
867:
860:
853:
844:
831:
830:
821:
820:
818:
816:
810:
799:
788:
782:
781:
779:
777:
754:
748:
747:
745:
743:
732:Associated Press
727:The Evening Star
718:
712:
711:
709:
707:
702:on June 23, 2021
687:
674:
673:
671:
669:
649:
638:
637:
635:
633:
621:
615:
614:
612:
610:
604:
589:
578:
549:
544:
543:
542:
418:Mission overview
368:
362:
305:Perigee altitude
265:
263:
199:
197:
184:Start of mission
126:Orbits completed
110:Mission duration
101:
92:
91:
85:
28:
21:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1867:Project Mercury
1857:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1835:
1802:Mercury-Atlas 5
1764:Mercury-Scout 1
1724:Mercury-Atlas 4
1604:Mercury-Atlas 3
1513:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1491:
1461:
1456:
1420:
1403:
1400:(lunar program)
1373:
1342:
1336:
1299:
1264:
1259:Mercury-Jupiter
1228:
1211:
1191:Scott Carpenter
1162:
1139:
1110:Flown non-human
1100:
989:
919:
907:
876:
874:Project Mercury
871:
828:
825:
824:
814:
812:
808:
797:
790:
789:
785:
775:
773:
756:
755:
751:
741:
739:
720:
719:
715:
705:
703:
689:
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677:
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665:
651:
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641:
631:
629:
623:
622:
618:
608:
606:
602:
587:
580:
579:
568:
563:
545:
540:
538:
535:
495:
487:Mercury-Atlas 5
466:Project Mercury
450:
448:Mission profile
437:Mercury-Atlas 3
425:
420:
400:Project Mercury
385:
384:
381:Mercury-Atlas 5
378:
376:Mercury-Atlas 3
371:
367:
365:Project Mercury
315:Apogee altitude
261:
259:
195:
193:
86:
81:
40:
39:Mercury-Atlas 4
31:
19:Mercury-Atlas 4
12:
11:
5:
1895:
1893:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1859:
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1852:
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1840:
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1411:
1409:
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1402:
1401:
1395:
1388:
1386:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1350:Wallops Island
1346:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1284:(Atlas rocket)
1279:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1233:
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1212:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
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1177:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1120:
1114:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
995:
991:
990:
988:
987:
979:
972:
965:
958:
950:
947:Liberty Bell 7
943:
934:
932:
925:
921:
920:
910:
908:
906:
905:
900:
895:
890:
884:
882:
878:
877:
872:
870:
869:
862:
855:
847:
823:
822:
783:
749:
713:
675:
639:
616:
565:
564:
562:
559:
558:
557:
551:
550:
534:
531:
494:
491:
449:
446:
424:
421:
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387:
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379:
373:
372:
363:
355:
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285:
281:
280:
276:
275:
272:
271:
268:
267:
256:
252:
251:
243:
239:
238:
237:End of mission
234:
233:
230:
229:
226:
225:
220:Cape Canaveral
217:
213:
212:
206:
202:
201:
190:
186:
185:
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180:
177:
176:
173:
172:
169:
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159:
155:
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148:
144:
143:
139:
138:
135:
134:
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127:
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119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
94:
93:
79:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
29:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1894:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1848:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1814:Discoverer 36
1812:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1775:Discoverer 35
1773:
1771:
1770:Discoverer 34
1768:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1750:Discoverer 33
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1734:Discoverer 32
1732:
1730:
1729:Discoverer 31
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1719:Discoverer 30
1717:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1708:
1707:Discoverer 29
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1679:Discoverer 28
1676:
1674:
1673:
1672:Discoverer 27
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1656:Discoverer 26
1654:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1629:Discoverer 25
1627:
1625:
1624:
1623:Discoverer 24
1620:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1592:
1591:Discoverer 23
1589:
1587:
1586:
1585:Discoverer 22
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1547:Discoverer 21
1545:
1543:
1542:Discoverer 20
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1496:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1339:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1321:Blue Scout II
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1254:Mercury-Scout
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1244:Mercury-Atlas
1242:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1208:
1205:Did not fly:
1204:
1202:
1201:Gordon Cooper
1199:
1197:
1196:Wally Schirra
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:Earth orbit:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1158:Mercury Seven
1156:
1155:
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1149:
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1133:Earth orbit:
1132:
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1126:
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1116:
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1111:
1107:
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952:Earth orbit:
951:
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383: →
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374:←
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16:
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1823:
1808:Zenit-2 No.1
1806:
1794:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1723:
1711:
1684:
1677:
1670:
1648:
1621:
1614:
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1583:
1561:
1341:Launch sites
1278:(spacecraft)
1225:(space suit)
1223:Navy Mark IV
1207:Deke Slayton
1175:Alan Shepard
1085:
1041:Little Joe 5
1001:Little Joe 1
984:Freedom 7 II
983:
975:
968:
961:
955:Friendship 7
954:
946:
939:
903:Space flight
826:
815:November 14,
813:. Retrieved
793:
786:
776:November 14,
774:. Retrieved
764:Miami Herald
762:
752:
742:November 14,
740:. Retrieved
725:
716:
706:November 14,
704:. Retrieved
700:the original
668:November 14,
666:. Retrieved
630:. Retrieved
619:
609:November 13,
607:. Retrieved
583:
527:
515:
509:
496:
483:
459:
442:
429:Atlas rocket
426:
391:
390:
255:Landing date
247:
242:Recovered by
158:Manufacturer
50:Mission type
15:
1702:Explorer 13
1692:Explorer 12
1610:Explorer 11
1579:Explorer 10
1269:Contractors
1237:Subprograms
1180:Gus Grissom
1031:Beach Abort
981:Cancelled:
660:. SP-4201.
523:Bob Gilruth
325:Inclination
216:Launch site
209:Atlas LV-3B
189:Launch date
168:Launch mass
53:Test flight
1861:Categories
1780:Transit 4B
1744:Westford 1
1634:Transit 4A
1552:Transit 3B
1537:Explorer 9
1451:Mercury 13
1333:(proposed)
1326:Little Joe
1261:(canceled)
1186:John Glenn
1173:Suborbit:
1144:Astronauts
1127:Suborbit:
937:Suborbit:
898:Space race
598:. CR-124.
561:References
555:Splashdown
288:Geocentric
147:Spacecraft
1843:underline
1825:DS-1 No.2
1757:DS-1 No.1
1216:Equipment
1006:Big Joe 1
940:Freedom 7
632:March 23,
521:director
508:USS
298:Low Earth
266: UTC
246:USS
200: UTC
83:1961-025A
77:COSPAR ID
1831:FTV-2203
1790:Ranger 2
1697:Ranger 1
1686:Vostok 2
1639:SOLRAD 3
1597:Vostok 1
1532:Venera 1
1316:Redstone
1288:Chrysler
1123:Miss Sam
994:Uncrewed
962:Aurora 7
924:Missions
806:Archived
770:Archived
736:Archived
662:Archived
626:"SATCAT"
600:Archived
533:See also
58:Operator
1847:italics
1819:OSCAR 1
1796:Samos 4
1739:Midas 4
1713:Samos 3
1666:Midas 3
1661:TIROS-3
1644:Injun 1
1557:LOFTI-1
1522:Samos 2
1429:Related
1331:Jupiter
1304:Rockets
1282:Convair
1151:General
976:Faith 7
969:Sigma 7
881:General
510:Decatur
504:Bermuda
478:MIDAS 3
474:Big Joe
260: (
248:Decatur
194: (
151:Mercury
98:SATCAT
1510:1962 โ
1495:โ 1960
1415:Vostok
1408:Soviet
1398:Apollo
1392:Gemini
931:Crewed
335:Period
294:Regime
205:Rocket
1785:TRAAC
1616:S-45A
1311:Atlas
1081:LJ-5B
1071:MR-BD
1066:LJ-5A
1051:MR-1A
1026:LJ-1B
1016:LJ-1A
809:(PDF)
798:(PDF)
603:(PDF)
588:(PDF)
499:Max Q
345:Epoch
223:LC-14
36:Names
1650:S-55
1563:S-45
1503:1961
1135:Enos
1096:MA-5
1091:MS-1
1086:MA-4
1076:MA-3
1061:MA-2
1056:MR-2
1046:MR-1
1036:MA-1
1021:LJ-2
1011:LJ-6
888:NASA
817:2023
802:NASA
778:2023
744:2023
708:2023
696:NASA
670:2023
658:NASA
634:2014
611:2023
596:NASA
594:and
431:and
396:NASA
211:88-D
62:NASA
41:MA-4
1129:Ham
1118:Sam
398:'s
153:#8A
105:183
100:no.
1863::
1385:US
1352:/
840:.
761:.
724:.
694:.
678:^
656:.
642:^
569:^
489:.
1486:e
1479:t
1472:v
866:e
859:t
852:v
819:.
780:.
746:.
710:.
672:.
636:.
613:.
264:)
198:)
129:1
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