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problem by placing a type mold for a letter on the side of a specially keyed matrix (with multiple matrix/molds available for any given letter). The linotype operator would type in a line of text. The machine would drop each matrix with its mold into place, assembling the matrices into a line of text that was needed. Hot lead alloy was then forced into the molds of matrices, creating the fresh line of type.
228:, was elected president. After the first successful trial of the Linotype in October, 1885, the Mergenthaler Printing Company was established to raise fresh capital from the shareholders of the National Printing Company. Finally, The Mergenthaler Linotype Company was formed in New York in 1895. Philip Tell Dodge served as its first president until 1928 when his son Norman Dodge replaced him. The
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machine, where the special keying system on one end of the matrix, unique for each character, would allow the matrix to drop back only into the correct storage slot, ready for the next use. Another benefit of this overall process was that each edition of the paper was created from a fresh casting of metal, thus avoiding problems of type wear.
189:
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Schuckers), a device consisting of two wedges of metal connected loosely. When a line of type was being justified, all the space band wedges would be pushed up in two passes to spread the line out to the full measure being cast. The space bands were stored for reuse in a different location from the matrices.
196:
The invention of a machine to replace the labor-intensive task of setting type by hand had been tackled by many inventors during the 19th century. The most time consumed was not in creating the text, but in returning the characters to their proper position for future use. Mergenthaler solved this
208:
the type, or ensuring that in a column of print, there were flush margins on the left and right. Hand compositors had previously done this by using spaces of different widths in a line, to ensure that the lines all ended at the same point. Mergenthaler adapted the "space band" (patented by J. W.
200:
The linotype operator would then go on to type in the next line. Multiple lines would be stacked into blocks, sometimes paragraphs, to be set in place in the proper column of the page layout. Meanwhile, back inside the linotype machine, the matrices used for a line would progress through the
318:. This new company was responsible solely for the acquisition, creation and distribution of digital fonts and related software. This spin-off effectively divorced the company's font software business from the older typesetting business which was retained by Heidelberg.
148:
In 1987, the US-based
Mergenthaler Linotype Company became part of the German Linotype-Hell AG; in the US the company name changed to Linotype Co. In 1996, the German Linotype-Hell AG was taken over by the German printing machine company
256:
Mergenthaler
Linotype dominated the printing industry through the twentieth century. The machines were so well designed, major parts remained virtually unchanged for nearly 100 years. A particularly notable success was Linotype's
261:
of typefaces, used by most of the world's (Latin-alphabet) newspapers for much of the twentieth century. The ruggedness of the
Linotype system, which cast lines as solid bars of type, aided this dominance.
306:
Through a series of mergers and reorganizations, the business of
Mergenthaler Linotype Company ultimately vested in Linotype-Hell AG, a German company. In April 1997, Linotype-Hell AG was acquired by
476:
937:
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Starting in 1960, the
Mergenthaler Linotype Company became a major supplier of phototypesetting equipment which included laser typesetters, typefonts, scanners, typesetting computers.
344:
The typefaces in the
Linotype type library are the artwork of some of the most famous typeface designers of the 20th century. The library contains such famous trademarked typefaces as
232:
of New York, the organization's newest iteration, was launched with $ 5,000,000 capital (in 1895 dollars), and $ 10,000,000 (in 1895 dollars) in stock holdings across 333 investors.
332:
and Fonts.com. Monotype stated that it could no longer maintain its desired level of quality across the platforms and would instead be focussing its efforts on developing its
217:
The invention of the first working
Linotype was a long, arduous and intricate process that involved many players and the creation of a long succession of companies.
952:
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The majority of the world's newspapers are typeset in one or another of the traditional
Linotype 'Legibility Group', and most of the rest in their derivatives.
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and Eduard
Hoffman. Linotype GmbH frequently brings out new designs from both established and new type designers. Linotype had also introduced
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to form
Linotype-Paul Ltd which developed a range of Linotron phototypesetters using K. S. Paul's cathode ray tube technology.
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414:, was released by Linotype in 1956, and remains one of the most common Arabic typefaces for books and newspapers.
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that allows users to browse and purchase new fonts within the program — a business model similar to that used by
321:
In 2005, Linotype Library GmbH shortened its name to Linotype GmbH, and in 2007, Linotype GmbH was acquired by
310:. The following month certain divisions of Linotype-Hell AG were spun off into new companies, one of which was
156:
In 2005, Linotype Library GmbH shortened its name to Linotype GmbH, and in 2007, Linotype GmbH was acquired by
163:
Monotype announced in August 2023 that it was discontinuing Linotype.com, effectively closing the business.
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In August 2023, Monotype announced that it would be closing the Linotype e-commerce platform, together with
299:, which manufactured a series of small offset presses, was a subsidiary of Linotype. This was later sold to
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was opened. In 1903, the British company merged with Machinery Trust to form Linotype & Machinery Ltd.
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709:
Arabic Type-Making in the Machine Age: The Influence of Technology on the Form of Arabic Type, 1908–1993
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Basil Kahan: Ottmar Mergenthaler – The Man and his Machine; Oak Knoll Press, New Castle (DE), 2000 –
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site. The company pledged to preserve Linotype’s history and legacy online with stories and content.
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In 1877, the National Printing Company was organized under the laws of the District of Columbia and
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134:. It became the world's leading manufacturer of book and newspaper typesetting equipment; outside
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Manfred Raether: „Linotype – Chronik eines Firmennamens“; E-Book, self-published, Schöneck 2009
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history, during which printing technology went through two revolutions — first moving to
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A woman operates a Linotron 505, a cathode ray tube phototypesetting machine. Dresden, 1983.
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153:. A separate business, Linotype Library GmbH was established to manage the digital assets.
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469:"Business Update: Monotype Announces Changes to Direct Commerce Sales Platforms"
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In 1889 The Linotype Company, a British offshoot of the firm, was formed by
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The Changing Newspaper: typographic trends in Britain and America 1622-1972
26:
138:, its only serious challenger for book typesetting was the Anglo-American
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Romano, Frank (2014). "Mackey's 1936 History of the Linotype Company".
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The company, as so many in the printing industry, endured a complex
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Linotypesetting - Hot Metal Typesetting for Hobbyists and the Trade
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176:
902:
130:), a system to cast metal type in lines (linecaster) invented by
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Metal Type — For Those who Remember Hot Metal Typesetting
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Chauncey Hawley Griffith papers at the University of Kentucky
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890:
880:): e-book covering the history of Linotype, starting in 1886
919:(Mergenthaler's Vice President for Typographic Development)
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552:(1st ed.). Los Angeles: Discovery Press. p. 280.
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Linotype Company was merged with Mergenthaler acquisition
580:(1. publ. ed.). London: Fraser. pp. 100–2 etc.
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184:, inventor of the linotype machine and company founder.
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325:, the parent of Monotype Imaging, Inc. and others.
160:, the parent of Monotype Imaging, Inc. and others.
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79:founded in the United States in 1886 to market the
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891:Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG – official website
848:, acquired by the Abbeville Herald (Alabama) for
648:"Messe puts on a bold front for changing events"
636:. Brooklyn: Mergenthaler Linotype Company. 1935.
938:Letterpress font foundries of the United States
910:- information sheet on the UK company from the
610:. David R. Godine Publisher. pp. 277–294.
192:An 1896 Mergenthaler Linotype stock certificate
735:"Why It's So Hard to Design Arabic Typefaces"
8:
407:typeface Yakout, named for the 13th-century
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912:Museum of Science and Industry (Manchester)
204:Another problem Mergenthaler solved was in
303:and operated under the name ATF-Davidson.
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878:Linotype – Chronologie of a Company Name
546:Howells, John; Dearman, Marion (1996).
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953:American companies established in 1886
687:from the original on 16 September 2023
479:from the original on 16 September 2023
873:Linotype – Chronik eines Firmennamens
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908:The Linotype & Machinery Co. Ltd
733:Rhodes, Margaret (23 October 2015).
661:"Davidson Dual-Lith advertisement".
604:Alexander S. Lawson (January 1990).
677:"Upcoming Site Closures & FAQs"
16:Typesetting equipment manufacturer
14:
85:
801:History of the Linotype Company
774:History of the Linotype Company
323:Monotype Imaging Holdings, Inc.
158:Monotype Imaging Holdings, Inc.
308:Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
151:Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
1:
803:. RIT Press. pp. 49–74.
230:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
73:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
20:Mergenthaler Linotype Company
245:. In 1899, a new factory in
884:Typophile: Linotype Article
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933:Letterpress font foundries
170:
948:Commercial type foundries
388:. It was a well-reviewed
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429:Chauncey Hawley Griffith
316:Bad Homburg vor der Höhe
846:1919 new model machine
772:Romano, Frank (2014).
706:Nemeth, Titus (2017).
633:The Legibility of Type
301:American Type Founders
295:During the 1950s, the
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193:
185:
607:Anatomy of a Typeface
424:Hot-metal typesetting
314:with headquarters at
312:Linotype Library GmbH
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819:chapter 1314659
663:Graphic Arts Monthly
409:Islamic calligrapher
297:Davidson Corporation
242:The Railway Magazine
140:Monotype Corporation
943:Cold type foundries
412:Yaqut al-Musta'simi
182:Ottmar Mergenthaler
132:Ottmar Mergenthaler
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475:. 30 August 2023.
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815:Project MUSE
810:978-1-933360-75-1
788:Project MUSE
783:978-1-933360-60-7
665:. September 1955.
617:978-0-87923-333-4
559:978-0-9650979-0-1
226:James O. Clephane
224:, the brother of
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865:Official website
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549:Tramp Printers
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483:16 September
481:. Retrieved
473:Monotype.com
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451:Romano 2014a
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398:iTunes Store
390:font manager
354:Hermann Zapf
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681:MyFonts.com
574:Hutt, Allen
77:corporation
927:Categories
435:References
288:, then to
267:K. S. Paul
251:Altrincham
247:Broadheath
206:justifying
850:US$ 3,000
755:300118412
747:1059-1028
712:. BRILL.
374:Helvetica
340:Typefaces
685:Archived
576:(1973).
477:Archived
418:See also
396:and the
386:Mac OS X
358:Frutiger
346:Palatino
330:FontShop
282:post-war
167:Founding
60:Products
54:New York
766:Sources
366:Univers
334:MyFonts
290:digital
213:History
42:Defunct
34:Founded
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405:Arabic
394:iTunes
372:; and
362:Avenir
350:Optima
739:Wired
75:is a
837:ISBN
805:ISBN
778:ISBN
751:OCLC
743:ISSN
714:ISBN
693:2023
612:ISBN
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554:ISBN
485:2023
384:for
364:and
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71:The
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