1843:... all who may be disposed to emigrate from the UNITED STATES will, with their Families, be received on board His Majesty's Ships or Vessels of War, or at the Military Posts that may be established, upon or near the Coast of the UNITED STATES, when they will have their choice of either entering into His Majesty's Sea or Land Forces, or of being sent as FREE Settlers to the British Possessions in North America or the West Indies, where they will meet with due encouragement ...
6836:
4625:
1694:
6425:
1928:
used to an urban environment and, as they had been expecting better, they were disgruntled and some returned to
America, but this comment applies to later free Black American settlers, who came from towns, and not to the Veteran Colonial Marines, who were all refugees from the rural areas of the Chesapeake and Georgia. The settlers built houses from the timber they felled, and planting crops of bananas,
1748:
6435:
22:
1943:
supported improvements to the infrastructure of the settlements and arranged for the settlers to get deeds to their lands, so confirming their property rights as originally stated on arrival, though it is not clear that the initiative was carried through universally. As they prospered, they became a
1927:
of land and some of these plots are still farmed today by descendants of original settlers. The land was fertile but the conditions were primitive initially as the land had to be cleared and the lack of roads was an especial problem. It is sometimes said that some of the settlers were craftsmen more
1847:
Cochrane's recruitment of the
Colonial Marines, mostly in the Chesapeake, went doubly against his orders from the British government, who had instructed him to accept volunteers for military service only from Georgia and South Carolina and to send all such volunteers away immediately for training
1796:, but as many Americans have long been in the habit of dropping the initial "A" it is also likely that the new settlers brought that pronunciation with them from the United States. Some of the Company villages and land grants established back then still exist in Trinidad today.
1910:. The six companies were each settled in a separate village under the command of a corporal or sergeant, who maintained a military style of discipline. Some of the villages were named after the companies and the Fifth and Sixth Company villages still retain those names.
1629:
1516:
2000:– African tribal science. A prominent elder in the 20th century was "Papa Neezer" – Samuel Ebenezer Elliot (1901–1969) – who was a descendant of an original settler, George Elliot, and renowned for his ability to heal and cast out evil spirits. His
1791:
between 1815–1816. The region was largely populated by French-speaking
Catholics but soon transitioned to an English-speaking, Baptist community after their arrival. It is believed that the term "Merikins" is derived from the local
3997:
3992:
4004:
1501:
3745:
1433:
1511:
4009:
1496:
1906:. There were 574 former soldiers plus about 200 women and children. To balance the sexes, more black women were subsequently recruited – women who had been freed from other places such as captured French
149:
1816:, there was a policy that was somewhat similar except that freedmen were treated as free as soon as they came into British hands and there were no conditions nor bargains attached to recruitment. Six
3680:
795:
6145:
208:
160:
1506:
1458:
1468:
1463:
1734:
1478:
6861:
1448:
4530:
4525:
4074:
2806:
2663:
1980:. The settlers kept this religion, which was reinforced by missionary work by Baptists from London who helped organise the construction of churches in the 1840s. The villages had
351:
4337:
2794:
192:
4209:
1383:
1373:
1453:
130:
6866:
1443:
1438:
2904:
1874:
in the south of the island. Local planter Robert
Mitchell managed the establishment and maintenance of the settlements, petitioning the governor for supplies when needed.
4707:
3493:
2628:
1473:
1353:
3987:
4535:
3775:
669:
2467:
1839:, on taking over the command of British forces on the North America station on 2 April 1814, issued a proclamation offering a choice of enlistment or resettlement:
4604:
4579:
2586:
2549:
1708:
1609:
356:
228:
82:
4589:
4584:
3516:
1727:
2964:
4305:
4141:
3850:
3840:
3498:
3488:
1663:
1643:
1403:
895:
880:
367:
4882:
4347:
4119:
1408:
1388:
6720:
6496:
5116:
4662:
4567:
3511:
3506:
2225:
674:
135:
6471:
6357:
5812:
4226:
3730:
2839:
1338:
1215:
249:
5621:
4574:
4204:
3725:
2947:
2779:
1720:
1658:
1423:
1378:
6384:
6342:
4540:
4500:
4342:
4246:
4175:
3780:
1624:
1368:
1363:
1348:
5827:
4599:
4594:
4562:
4332:
4236:
4199:
3980:
1343:
1328:
1235:
5317:
2741:
2736:
177:
172:
6623:
5926:
4785:
4557:
4515:
4327:
2875:
2621:
1295:
372:
361:
223:
145:
5067:
4505:
4490:
4354:
4263:
4258:
4192:
2653:
1398:
1358:
1300:
1255:
115:
5334:
5057:
4946:
4877:
2558:
6292:
5513:
4743:
4480:
4317:
4287:
4069:
3648:
2860:
1936:
and potatoes. Rice was introduced from
America and was especially useful because it could be stored for long periods without spoiling.
1285:
1265:
1110:
679:
525:
5518:
4470:
4364:
4280:
4124:
3905:
3705:
2856:
2834:
2488:
2457:
2436:
2417:
2291:
1413:
1393:
947:
812:
244:
5295:
6871:
5901:
5611:
4671:
4617:
3007:
2658:
2533:
1832:.After that war, the British settled these Colonial Marines in British Empire colonies including Canada, Jamaica, and the Bahamas.
293:
125:
62:
5167:
1870:, wanted to increase the number of small farmers in that colony and arranged for the creation of a village for each company on the
6811:
6262:
5446:
5140:
4775:
4545:
4510:
4495:
4253:
3855:
3099:
3069:
2885:
2614:
1918:
1703:
1639:
1250:
900:
313:
213:
2032:
6618:
6257:
4861:
4552:
4475:
4270:
4146:
4114:
3845:
3710:
3415:
3054:
1940:
1205:
1072:
890:
817:
6608:
6501:
5109:
4951:
4902:
4655:
4322:
4216:
4131:
3735:
2114:
1614:
1290:
1240:
6778:
6464:
6003:
5966:
5866:
5797:
5783:
5527:
5461:
4359:
4292:
4275:
4221:
4170:
4109:
4014:
3975:
3915:
3715:
3104:
3084:
2891:
2870:
1852:
1784:
1305:
1275:
1260:
1245:
1220:
1200:
822:
456:
323:
6826:
6491:
5896:
4765:
4182:
4158:
4153:
4136:
4104:
4047:
3160:
3109:
2942:
1768:
1333:
1225:
1210:
1195:
1162:
461:
140:
6805:
6748:
6646:
6287:
6242:
6170:
5817:
5431:
5047:
4814:
4679:
4447:
4439:
4382:
4297:
3785:
3690:
3546:
3528:
3430:
3089:
3059:
2784:
2704:
2683:
2070:
1556:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1280:
752:
543:
513:
451:
400:
328:
218:
6438:
5035:
2498:
40:
2311:
6840:
6740:
6725:
6544:
6317:
6221:
6181:
5856:
5456:
5441:
5224:
4702:
4692:
4465:
4402:
4392:
3942:
3700:
3660:
3017:
2711:
2223:"‘Averse to any kind of controul’: American refugees from slavery building the new Royal Naval Dockyard at Bermuda"
1571:
1551:
1054:
989:
762:
664:
631:
418:
303:
6557:
6527:
6428:
6068:
5921:
5916:
5102:
5083:
4966:
4648:
4374:
4187:
4019:
3580:
3079:
2917:
2724:
1821:
1776:
1752:
1526:
1270:
1230:
519:
5695:
5145:
6876:
6597:
6533:
6457:
5971:
5406:
4755:
4064:
3628:
3541:
3185:
2974:
2789:
2729:
2719:
2645:
1105:
885:
732:
616:
390:
271:
99:
2222:
2510:
6856:
6404:
6196:
5851:
5522:
5025:
4999:
4914:
4697:
4397:
3947:
3601:
3570:
3350:
3290:
3155:
2898:
2307:
1855:. Although they had signed on for a military life, they rejected government orders to be transferred to the
1817:
1619:
1561:
1024:
984:
707:
606:
484:
298:
5300:
5290:
4312:
6753:
6651:
6641:
6581:
6506:
6322:
6117:
5876:
5352:
5278:
5015:
4929:
4907:
4728:
4042:
3280:
3074:
3064:
3002:
2812:
2751:
1901:
1836:
318:
308:
288:
5364:
2372:
32:
6709:
6374:
6299:
6206:
6122:
6107:
6061:
6056:
5931:
5571:
5498:
5493:
5207:
5154:
4846:
4760:
4687:
4387:
3900:
3765:
3720:
3536:
3255:
3220:
3039:
3022:
2829:
2746:
942:
932:
864:
827:
611:
601:
501:
182:
4841:
2396:
6730:
6332:
6112:
5911:
5661:
5062:
5052:
4994:
4897:
4831:
4821:
4629:
4037:
3800:
3611:
3563:
3435:
3325:
3230:
2997:
2987:
2959:
2824:
2678:
1829:
1698:
1150:
395:
187:
120:
6666:
6090:
6081:
6046:
5822:
5596:
5451:
5256:
5239:
5020:
4971:
4924:
4892:
4856:
4826:
4809:
4780:
4417:
4412:
3770:
3685:
3165:
2954:
2844:
2774:
2296:
Creole
Religions of the Caribbean: An Introduction from Vodou and Santería to Obeah and Espiritismo
1945:
1856:
1805:
1788:
1566:
1049:
1044:
1006:
423:
254:
6562:
6364:
6247:
6013:
5976:
5936:
5871:
5586:
4939:
4934:
4887:
4851:
4836:
4770:
4750:
4733:
4723:
4485:
4422:
4165:
3623:
3390:
3370:
3275:
3200:
3027:
2932:
2922:
2910:
2801:
2698:
2673:
2580:
2543:
1989:
937:
722:
489:
466:
155:
5219:
2564:
1896:, the Veteran Marines were brought there in 1816, with their families, in the hired transports
6689:
6327:
6267:
6127:
5993:
5861:
5752:
5508:
5483:
4919:
3932:
3653:
3315:
3285:
2880:
2637:
2529:
2484:
2453:
2432:
2413:
2017:
1960:. Later, oil was discovered and then some descendants were able to lease their lands for the
1890:
1883:
1122:
742:
583:
90:
2447:
6783:
6100:
6025:
5769:
5722:
5690:
5616:
5554:
5537:
5503:
5436:
5401:
5396:
5374:
5369:
5305:
5283:
5187:
5162:
5125:
4956:
4088:
4059:
4054:
3952:
3920:
3893:
3618:
3235:
3205:
3195:
3190:
2757:
2600:
2325:
1882:
Unlike the
American slaves who were brought to Trinidad in 1815 in ships of the Royal Navy,
1117:
974:
802:
737:
717:
626:
6788:
6758:
6656:
6587:
6511:
6051:
5983:
5906:
5788:
5764:
5732:
5727:
5678:
5651:
5641:
5547:
5426:
5246:
5229:
5192:
5182:
4083:
3910:
3820:
3815:
3596:
3551:
3405:
3395:
3375:
3360:
3260:
3135:
3125:
2764:
2523:
2229:
1953:
1145:
952:
702:
621:
6694:
6674:
6552:
6480:
6394:
6379:
5891:
5881:
5839:
5807:
5802:
5742:
5646:
5591:
5581:
5542:
5384:
5379:
5268:
5177:
4520:
3925:
3888:
3878:
3638:
3633:
3575:
3410:
3340:
3270:
3265:
2769:
2693:
1984:
and other religious elders as authority figures and there was a rigorous moral code of
1961:
1914:
1871:
1867:
1825:
1604:
1029:
999:
757:
747:
578:
6850:
6095:
6020:
5956:
5886:
5747:
5737:
5717:
5705:
5673:
5468:
5389:
5322:
5251:
5212:
3478:
3460:
3450:
3420:
3365:
3320:
3305:
3250:
3240:
3225:
3175:
3170:
3140:
2937:
2865:
2688:
2078:
2044:
2038:
1673:
1668:
44:
6773:
6684:
6679:
6573:
6352:
6347:
6186:
5844:
5834:
5566:
5172:
5030:
3790:
3558:
3483:
3455:
3440:
3425:
3380:
3355:
3335:
3245:
3215:
3210:
3180:
3130:
2982:
2668:
2050:
1157:
969:
697:
560:
3746:
Universal Negro
Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)
6768:
6763:
6633:
6369:
6211:
6035:
5998:
5988:
5961:
5576:
5488:
5197:
3810:
3795:
3643:
3606:
3445:
3400:
3385:
3150:
3145:
2992:
2074:
1813:
1780:
1323:
979:
832:
712:
496:
6337:
6008:
5948:
5666:
5273:
3345:
3330:
3300:
3295:
3044:
3012:
2851:
2819:
2102:
2005:
2001:
1985:
1957:
1907:
428:
167:
5606:
5532:
5040:
4790:
3959:
3805:
3310:
3094:
3032:
2927:
2377:
2246:
UK National
Archives ADM 1/3319, Field Officers' letters to Admy, 1815-1819.
1949:
1944:
significant element in
Trinidad's economy. Their agriculture advanced from
1653:
994:
727:
506:
333:
1851:
After the end of the War, the Colonial Marines were first stationed at the
1747:
2340:
2338:
5757:
5710:
5656:
5473:
5357:
5310:
5202:
4961:
4427:
3937:
2254:
2252:
1977:
1973:
1860:
1809:
1772:
964:
957:
2560:
The Corps of Colonial Marines: Black freedom fighters of the War of 1812
2429:
The Saga of the Companies: A History of the Merikin Settlers in Trinidad
6399:
6389:
5261:
3049:
1929:
1127:
433:
3681:
Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)
5683:
5601:
5559:
5234:
4738:
3883:
2013:
2009:
1981:
1793:
1034:
4640:
2606:
5094:
6449:
6076:
5700:
3696:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
3695:
1997:
1992:. African traditions were influential too and these included the
1933:
1746:
807:
3740:
1939:
Twenty years after the initial establishment, the then governor
1924:
837:
6453:
5098:
4644:
2610:
2117:, The National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago, 14 August 2015.
2073:– similar communities established in the Canadian provinces of
2057:
1779:, and fought for the British against the United States in the
15:
2313:
The Pan-African Connection: From Slavery to Garvey and Beyond
2103:"Who are the Merikens? - Travel Thru History - Quick History"
1976:
from evangelical sects common in places such as Georgia and
2410:
The Merikins: Forgotten Freedom Fighters in the War of 1812
2012:, prophecies from the "Obee seed" and revelation from the
2481:
Encyclopedia of Slave Resistance and Rebellion, Volume 1
2053:, footballer, Minister for Sport for Trinidad and Tobago
2028:
The following people are descended from this community:
2290:
Margarite Fernández Olmos, Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert,
2525:
The Merikens: Free Black American Settlers in Trinidad
2242:
2240:
2238:
6824:
2483:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group.
2274:
2272:
2270:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
6797:
6739:
6708:
6665:
6632:
6607:
6571:
6543:
6520:
6308:
6278:
6232:
6169:
6158:
6138:
6034:
5947:
5782:
5632:
5417:
5343:
5153:
5139:
5132:
5076:
5008:
4987:
4870:
4802:
4716:
4678:
4458:
4373:
4097:
4030:
3968:
3868:
3829:
3754:
3669:
3589:
3527:
3469:
3118:
2973:
2644:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
1964:. Others continued as independent market traders.
1630:
Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers
3731:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
2474:. National Library of Trinidad and Tobago. 2016.
2060:, barrister, Chair, Independent Adoption Service
3776:Black players in professional American football
3726:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
2359:
1841:
1787:, they established a community in the south of
6862:Trinidad and Tobago people of American descent
1923:. Each of the Veteran Marines was granted 16
357:Education of freed people during the Civil War
6465:
5110:
4656:
2622:
2468:"The Merikins: Free Black Settlers 1815–1816"
1996:system of communal help, herbal medicine and
1728:
8:
3489:Historically black colleges and universities
2041:, Trinidadian senator and education minister
2020:faith is a legacy of the Merikin community.
1913:The villages were in a forested area of the
1812:for service as Colonial Marines. During the
368:Historically black colleges and universities
43:. There might be a discussion about this on
352:Education during the slave period in the US
6867:African-American diaspora in the Caribbean
6721:Committee for the Relief of the Black Poor
6497:African Americans in the Revolutionary War
6472:
6458:
6450:
6166:
5150:
5136:
5117:
5103:
5095:
4663:
4649:
4641:
3758:
2629:
2615:
2607:
2585:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2548:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2403:. National Library of Trinidad and Tobago.
1735:
1721:
1592:
1183:
1093:
920:
858:
783:
675:National Black Caucus of State Legislators
652:
548:
276:
104:
77:
3706:National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)
2505:. Trinidad & Tobago. 5 December 2011.
2446:Kamminga, Caitlyn; Walters, Adam (2016).
131:Slavery in the colonial history of the US
63:Learn how and when to remove this message
6831:
4979:Trinidad and Tobago (African Americans)
2517:. Trinidad & Tobago. 24 March 2012.
2344:
2278:
2258:
2115:"The Story of the Merikens in Trinidad"
2095:
1638:
1595:
1525:
1487:
1422:
1314:
1186:
1136:
1096:
1063:
1015:
923:
872:
786:
688:
655:
592:
569:
551:
475:
442:
409:
381:
342:
279:
236:
200:
107:
89:
4925:Dominican Republic (African Americans)
4605:Topics related to the African diaspora
3711:National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
2578:
2541:
1859:, and finally agreed to be settled in
4791:Children of American service members
4585:Landmark African-American legislation
2603:, SocaWarriors.com, 14 February 2012.
2200:
2173:
873:Athletic associations and conferences
362:History of African-American education
75:African-American settlers in Trinidad
7:
6700:See also Sierra Leone settlers below
6434:
3716:National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)
2298:, NYU Press, 2011 (2nd edn), p. 164.
796:Association for the Study of African
4070:African-American Vernacular English
1972:Many of the original settlers were
1610:Race and ethnicity in the US census
1111:African-American Vernacular English
680:National Conference of Black Mayors
3988:U.S. cities with large populations
3691:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
2557:Weiss, John McNish (26 May 2015).
2479:Rodriguez, Junius P., ed. (2007).
2316:, The Majority Press, 1984, p. 15.
1820:of freedmen were recruited into a
813:National Black Chamber of Commerce
14:
2861:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013
2857:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009
2664:African American founding fathers
2499:"How the Merikins came to Moruga"
1517:Places by plurality of population
183:Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
173:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
126:Abolitionism in the United States
6834:
6433:
6424:
6423:
5306:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4623:
3741:United Negro College Fund (UNCF)
2886:Nadir of American race relations
1692:
214:Black Belt in the American South
20:
2747:Civil rights movement 1954–1968
2737:Civil rights movement 1865–1896
2212:UK National Archives ADM 1/4228
1917:near a former Spanish mission,
1824:along the Atlantic coast, from
818:National Council of Negro Women
3736:Thurgood Marshall College Fund
2742:Civil right movement 1896–1954
1866:The Governor of Trinidad, Sir
1615:Racism against Black Americans
1:
3916:Cherokee freedmen controversy
2892:The Negro Motorist Green Book
1853:Royal Naval Dockyard, Bermuda
823:National Pan-Hellenic Council
1625:School segregation in the US
1163:Black American Sign Language
1137:Languages and other dialects
3786:Black players in ice hockey
3721:National Urban League (NUL)
3547:American Society of Muslims
2785:Selma to Montgomery marches
2705:Brown v. Board of Education
2522:Weiss, John McNish (2002).
2427:Huggins, Alfred B. (2014).
2373:"Lincoln Crawford obituary"
2360:Kamminga & Walters 2016
2292:"Obeah, Myal, and Quimbois"
2071:Black Refugee (War of 1812)
452:African-American businesses
6893:
6652:Port Rosey (now Shelburne)
6545:American Revolutionary War
6318:African diaspora religions
5442:Indigenous Black Canadians
3943:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
3701:Nashville Student Movement
2712:Children of the plantation
2047:, British textile designer
2035:, American museum director
2004:form of religion included
1920:La Misión de Savana Grande
1769:enslaved African Americans
990:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
665:Congressional Black Caucus
632:African Diaspora Religions
419:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
6558:Black Company of Pioneers
6487:
6419:
6293:African Hebrew Israelites
6069:Afro-Asians in South Asia
5084:African-American diaspora
4613:
4580:Index of related articles
3761:
3581:Doctrine of Father Divine
2965:Women's suffrage movement
2918:Reconstruction Amendments
2725:Voting Rights Act of 1965
2395:Anthony, Michael (2008).
1822:Corps of Colonial Marines
1783:. After their service in
1777:Corps of Colonial Marines
1497:US states and territories
798:American Life and History
520:Lift Every Voice and Sing
229:Treatment of the enslaved
6872:Fugitive American slaves
6612:involved in Emancipation
6598:Petition of Free Negroes
6534:Philipsburg Proclamation
5335:Turks and Caicos Islands
4630:United States portal
4065:African-American English
3494:Inventors and scientists
3186:George Washington Carver
2790:Chicago Freedom Movement
2563:. London. Archived from
2086:Citations and references
1808:, the British recruited
1755:in their fatigue uniform
1699:United States portal
1106:African-American English
617:African-American Muslims
178:Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
4908:United Empire Loyalists
4744:Black Hebrew Israelites
4553:African-American firsts
3602:Back-to-Africa movement
3571:Black Hebrew Israelites
3351:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
2899:Partus sequitur ventrem
2397:"Fifth Company Village"
1848:overseas for the Army.
1620:Reparations for slavery
708:Back-to-Africa movement
607:Black Hebrew Israelites
485:African-American beauty
6675:Colonel Stephen Blucke
6528:Dunmore's Proclamation
6507:United Empire Loyalist
6323:Anti-African sentiment
4521:Spingarn Medal winners
4010:States and territories
3781:Black NFL quarterbacks
3281:Martin Luther King Jr.
2813:Dred Scott v. Sandford
2752:Montgomery bus boycott
2408:Dunkley, Tina (2015).
1845:
1837:Sir Alexander Cochrane
1756:
1090:Dialects and languages
250:Second Great Migration
6712:Sierra Leone Settlers
6375:Civil rights movement
6263:Afro-Caribbean people
5572:Chestnut Ridge people
5494:African-American Jews
5296:Saint Kitts and Nevis
5036:Santa Bárbara d'Oeste
3831:Athletic associations
3766:Negro league baseball
3537:African-American Jews
3256:Ketanji Brown Jackson
3221:Henry Highland Garnet
3080:Negro National Anthem
2830:George Floyd protests
2795:Post–civil rights era
1750:
1502:US metropolitan areas
1329:List of neighborhoods
943:Alabama Creole people
933:African-American Jews
865:Negro league baseball
828:National Urban League
780:Civic/economic groups
612:African-American Jews
502:African-American hair
364:, after the Civil War
193:Post–civil rights era
6731:Sierra Leone Company
6619:General Samuel Birch
6333:Atlantic slave trade
6021:United Arab Emirates
4898:New England Planters
4793:(multiple countries)
4786:United Arab Emirates
4038:Afro-Seminole Creole
3564:Azusa Street Revival
3436:Booker T. Washington
2960:Underground Railroad
2825:Free people of color
2679:Atlantic slave trade
1857:West India Regiments
1659:Criminal stereotypes
1434:District of Columbia
1151:Afro-Seminole Creole
593:Non-Christian groups
188:Black power movement
152:during the Civil War
121:Atlantic slave trade
33:confusing or unclear
6841:Trinidad and Tobago
6806:The Book of Negroes
6741:Sierra Leone people
6667:Black Nova Scotians
6492:Slavery in the U.S.
6222:Sierra Leone Creole
6073:India and Pakistan
5318:Trinidad and Tobago
5168:Antigua and Barbuda
4893:Black Nova Scotians
4433:Trinidad and Tobago
4048:Black American Sign
3875:By African descent
3869:Ethnic subdivisions
3856:Southwestern (SWAC)
3771:Baseball color line
3686:Black Panther Party
3590:Political movements
3507:in computer science
3166:Carol Moseley Braun
2955:Tulsa race massacre
2948:Treatment of slaves
2780:March on Washington
2775:Birmingham movement
2511:"A Merikins Legacy"
2332:, 14 February 2012.
2221:John McNish Weiss,
1946:subsistence farming
1806:American Revolution
1055:Sierra Leone Creole
1016:Specific ancestries
901:Southwestern (SWAC)
424:Black History Month
255:New Great Migration
209:Agriculture history
41:clarify the article
6563:Ethiopian Regiment
6365:Black Lives Matter
5972:Ethiopian Israelis
5622:African immigrants
5597:Louisiana Redbones
5533:Chickasaw freedmen
5462:African immigrants
5230:Dominican Republic
4531:US representatives
4526:US cabinet members
4418:Dominican Republic
4005:Metropolitan areas
3846:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
3671:Civic and economic
3649:Self-determination
3470:Education, science
3391:Fred Shuttlesworth
3371:A. Philip Randolph
3276:Coretta Scott King
3201:Frederick Douglass
3028:Harlem Renaissance
2933:Separate but equal
2923:Reconstruction era
2911:Plessy v. Ferguson
2802:Cornerstone Speech
2716:Civil Rights Acts
2699:Black Lives Matter
2674:American Civil War
2567:on 8 February 2018
2228:2014-03-03 at the
1990:puritan work ethic
1898:Mary & Dorothy
1775:, enlisted in the
1757:
1064:Sexual orientation
938:Afro-Puerto Ricans
891:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
526:Self-determination
490:Black is beautiful
156:Reconstruction era
6822:
6821:
6690:Richard Pierpoint
6685:Rev. John Marrant
6447:
6446:
6415:
6414:
6328:Anti-Black racism
6268:British Jamaicans
6258:African Americans
6243:African Americans
6197:Americo-Liberians
6182:African Americans
6154:
6153:
5977:Sudanese refugees
5778:
5777:
5548:Seminole freedmen
5528:Cherokee freedmen
5509:Black Southerners
5484:African Americans
5432:African Americans
5092:
5091:
4815:African Americans
4794:
4672:American diaspora
4638:
4637:
4466:African Americans
4338:Dallas–Fort Worth
3933:Black Southerners
3864:
3863:
3316:Thurgood Marshall
3286:Bernard Lafayette
2881:Million Man March
2638:African Americans
2381:. 11 August 2020.
2056:Lincoln Crawford
2018:Spiritual Baptist
1745:
1744:
1682:
1681:
1580:
1579:
1354:Dallas-Fort Worth
1171:
1170:
1081:
1080:
1025:Americo-Liberians
908:
907:
846:
845:
771:
770:
640:
639:
584:Womanist theology
534:
533:
476:Symbols and ideas
262:
261:
141:Antebellum period
136:Revolutionary War
91:African Americans
73:
72:
65:
6884:
6839:
6838:
6837:
6830:
6784:Harry Washington
6474:
6467:
6460:
6451:
6437:
6436:
6427:
6426:
6167:
5555:Creoles of color
5538:Choctaw freedmen
5504:Black Mennonites
5437:Black Mennonites
5284:Jamaican Maroons
5240:Samaná Americans
5151:
5137:
5126:African diaspora
5119:
5112:
5105:
5096:
4792:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4642:
4628:
4627:
4626:
4590:Lynching victims
4089:Louisiana Creole
4060:American English
3948:Louisiana Creole
3921:Choctaw freedmen
3759:
3296:Huddie Ledbetter
3236:Fannie Lou Hamer
3206:W. E. B. Du Bois
3196:Claudette Colvin
3191:Shirley Chisholm
3008:Family structure
2876:Military history
2758:Browder v. Gayle
2631:
2624:
2617:
2608:
2590:
2584:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2553:
2547:
2539:
2518:
2506:
2494:
2475:
2463:
2452:. Plain Vision.
2449:River of Freedom
2442:
2431:. Plain Vision.
2423:
2412:. Plain Vision.
2404:
2383:
2382:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2342:
2333:
2323:
2317:
2305:
2299:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2265:
2256:
2247:
2244:
2233:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2204:
2198:
2177:
2171:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2105:. YouTube video.
2100:
1878:Company villages
1737:
1730:
1723:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1644:media depictions
1593:
1488:Population count
1184:
1118:Liberian English
1097:English dialects
1094:
1050:Samaná Americans
975:Creoles of color
921:
859:
803:Black conductors
784:
653:
627:Louisiana Voodoo
549:
294:Family structure
277:
224:Military history
219:Business history
150:military history
105:
78:
68:
61:
57:
54:
48:
24:
23:
16:
6892:
6891:
6887:
6886:
6885:
6883:
6882:
6881:
6877:Black Loyalists
6847:
6846:
6845:
6835:
6833:
6825:
6823:
6818:
6793:
6789:Moses Wilkinson
6759:Abraham Hazeley
6735:
6711:
6704:
6661:
6657:Shelburne riots
6628:
6624:Stephen Skinner
6611:
6609:White Loyalists
6603:
6588:Book of Negroes
6582:Treaty of Paris
6567:
6553:Black Loyalists
6539:
6516:
6512:Black Canadians
6483:
6481:Black Loyalists
6478:
6448:
6443:
6411:
6385:Genetic history
6310:
6304:
6280:
6274:
6254:United Kingdom
6228:
6207:Afro-Brazilians
6162:
6160:
6150:
6134:
6039:
6030:
5943:
5786:
5774:
5634:
5628:
5499:Alabama Creoles
5419:
5413:
5345:
5339:
5144:
5128:
5123:
5093:
5088:
5072:
5004:
4983:
4866:
4798:
4712:
4674:
4669:
4639:
4634:
4624:
4622:
4609:
4575:Historic places
4568:US state firsts
4454:
4369:
4093:
4026:
3998:2010 majorities
3993:2000 majorities
3964:
3911:Black Seminoles
3860:
3851:Southern (SIAC)
3834:
3833:and conferences
3832:
3825:
3821:Serena Williams
3816:Jackie Robinson
3750:
3674:
3672:
3665:
3585:
3552:Nation of Islam
3523:
3471:
3465:
3406:Sojourner Truth
3396:Clarence Thomas
3361:Gabriel Prosser
3261:Michael Jackson
3136:Crispus Attucks
3126:Ralph Abernathy
3114:
3070:Musical theater
2969:
2835:Great Migration
2807:COVID-19 impact
2765:Sit-in movement
2640:
2635:
2597:
2577:
2570:
2568:
2556:
2540:
2536:
2521:
2509:
2497:
2491:
2478:
2466:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2426:
2420:
2407:
2394:
2391:
2386:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2358:
2354:
2343:
2336:
2324:
2320:
2306:
2302:
2289:
2285:
2277:
2268:
2257:
2250:
2245:
2236:
2230:Wayback Machine
2220:
2216:
2211:
2207:
2199:
2180:
2172:
2121:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2067:
2026:
2024:Famous Merikins
1970:
1880:
1802:
1753:Colonial Marine
1741:
1693:
1691:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1634:
1590:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1521:
1483:
1459:Omaha, Nebraska
1424:Historic places
1418:
1310:
1181:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1132:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1077:
1059:
1011:
953:Black Seminoles
918:
917:Sub-communities
910:
909:
896:Southern (SIAC)
856:
848:
847:
842:
797:
781:
773:
772:
767:
684:
650:
642:
641:
636:
622:Nation of Islam
588:
565:
546:
536:
535:
530:
471:
438:
405:
377:
338:
314:Musical theater
274:
264:
263:
245:Great Migration
102:
76:
69:
58:
52:
49:
38:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
6890:
6888:
6880:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6857:Slave soldiers
6849:
6848:
6844:
6843:
6820:
6819:
6817:
6816:
6815:
6814:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6745:
6743:
6737:
6736:
6734:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6717:
6715:
6710:Nova Scotian /
6706:
6705:
6703:
6702:
6697:
6695:Deborah Squash
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6671:
6669:
6663:
6662:
6660:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6647:Halifax County
6644:
6638:
6636:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6626:
6621:
6615:
6613:
6605:
6604:
6602:
6601:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6578:
6576:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6549:
6547:
6541:
6540:
6538:
6537:
6531:
6524:
6522:
6518:
6517:
6515:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6488:
6485:
6484:
6479:
6477:
6476:
6469:
6462:
6454:
6445:
6444:
6442:
6441:
6431:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6410:
6409:
6408:
6407:
6397:
6395:Pan-Africanism
6392:
6387:
6382:
6380:Creole peoples
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6361:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6314:
6312:
6306:
6305:
6303:
6302:
6297:
6296:
6295:
6284:
6282:
6276:
6275:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6252:
6251:
6250:
6245:
6236:
6234:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6209:
6201:
6200:
6199:
6191:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6175:
6173:
6164:
6156:
6155:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6148:
6142:
6140:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6132:
6131:
6130:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6104:
6103:
6098:
6096:Black Dutchmen
6088:
6087:
6086:
6085:
6084:
6071:
6066:
6065:
6064:
6059:
6049:
6043:
6041:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6017:
6016:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5964:
5959:
5953:
5951:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5941:
5940:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5912:United Kingdom
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5837:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5794:
5792:
5780:
5779:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5714:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5693:
5688:
5687:
5686:
5676:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5649:
5644:
5638:
5636:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5551:
5550:
5545:
5543:Creek freedmen
5540:
5535:
5530:
5516:
5514:Black Hispanic
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5480:United States
5478:
5477:
5476:
5466:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5423:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5409:
5399:
5394:
5393:
5392:
5385:Miskito people
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5361:
5360:
5349:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5338:
5337:
5332:
5331:
5330:
5325:
5315:
5314:
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5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
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5266:
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5259:
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5244:
5243:
5242:
5237:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5195:
5193:Cayman Islands
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5159:
5157:
5148:
5134:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5114:
5107:
5099:
5090:
5089:
5087:
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5080:
5078:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
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5044:
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5038:
5033:
5028:
5018:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
4997:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4981:
4976:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4949:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4885:
4880:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4864:
4862:United Kingdom
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4806:
4804:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4796:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4684:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4645:
4636:
4635:
4633:
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4620:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4541:Visual artists
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4501:Mathematicians
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4442:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4407:
4406:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4379:
4377:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4325:
4320:
4318:South Carolina
4315:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4288:North Carolina
4285:
4284:
4283:
4273:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4256:
4251:
4250:
4249:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4233:Massachusetts
4231:
4230:
4229:
4219:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4202:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4185:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4134:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4122:
4112:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4075:social context
4072:
4062:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4007:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3995:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3926:Creek Freedmen
3923:
3918:
3913:
3903:
3901:Alabama Creole
3898:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3841:Central (CIAA)
3837:
3835:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3677:
3675:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3634:Pan-Africanism
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3604:
3599:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3576:Black theology
3573:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3517:in STEM fields
3514:
3509:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3473:
3472:and technology
3467:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3411:Harriet Tubman
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3341:Michelle Obama
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3271:Barbara Jordan
3268:
3266:Harriet Jacobs
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3156:Amelia Boynton
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3122:
3120:
3119:Notable people
3116:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3055:LGBT community
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2979:
2977:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2907:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2854:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2770:Freedom Riders
2767:
2762:
2754:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2714:
2709:
2701:
2696:
2694:Black genocide
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2601:"The Merikins"
2596:
2595:External links
2593:
2592:
2591:
2554:
2534:
2519:
2515:Sunday Express
2507:
2503:Sunday Express
2495:
2490:978-0313332722
2489:
2476:
2472:NALIS Research
2464:
2459:978-0997166408
2458:
2443:
2438:978-0991059447
2437:
2424:
2419:978-0991059454
2418:
2405:
2401:NALIS Research
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2364:
2352:
2334:
2326:"The Merikins"
2318:
2300:
2283:
2266:
2248:
2234:
2214:
2205:
2178:
2119:
2107:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2036:
2025:
2022:
1969:
1966:
1962:mineral rights
1915:Naparima Plain
1879:
1876:
1872:Naparima Plain
1868:Ralph Woodford
1826:Chesapeake Bay
1801:
1798:
1767:were formerly
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1605:Black genocide
1601:
1598:
1597:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1512:US communities
1509:
1504:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1469:South Carolina
1466:
1464:North Carolina
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1286:South Carolina
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1266:North Carolina
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1123:Samaná English
1120:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1073:LGBT community
1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1030:Creek Freedmen
1027:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1000:Carmel Indians
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
961:
960:
955:
945:
940:
935:
929:
926:
925:
919:
916:
915:
912:
911:
906:
905:
904:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
881:Central (CIAA)
875:
874:
870:
869:
868:
867:
857:
854:
853:
850:
849:
844:
843:
841:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
792:
789:
788:
782:
779:
778:
775:
774:
769:
768:
766:
765:
760:
755:
750:
748:Pan-Africanism
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
694:
691:
690:
686:
685:
683:
682:
677:
672:
667:
661:
658:
657:
651:
648:
647:
644:
643:
638:
637:
635:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
598:
595:
594:
590:
589:
587:
586:
581:
579:Black theology
575:
572:
571:
567:
566:
564:
563:
557:
554:
553:
547:
542:
541:
538:
537:
532:
531:
529:
528:
523:
516:
511:
510:
509:
499:
494:
493:
492:
481:
478:
477:
473:
472:
470:
469:
464:
459:
454:
448:
445:
444:
443:Economic class
440:
439:
437:
436:
431:
426:
421:
415:
412:
411:
407:
406:
404:
403:
398:
393:
387:
384:
383:
382:Academic study
379:
378:
376:
375:
370:
365:
359:
354:
348:
345:
344:
340:
339:
337:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
285:
282:
281:
275:
270:
269:
266:
265:
260:
259:
258:
257:
252:
247:
239:
238:
234:
233:
232:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
203:
202:
198:
197:
196:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
164:
163:
153:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
110:
109:
103:
98:
97:
94:
93:
87:
86:
74:
71:
70:
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6889:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6842:
6832:
6828:
6813:
6810:
6809:
6808:
6807:
6803:
6802:
6800:
6796:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6779:Thomas Peters
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6746:
6744:
6742:
6738:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6707:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6668:
6664:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6631:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6610:
6606:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6583:
6580:
6579:
6577:
6575:
6570:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6550:
6548:
6546:
6542:
6535:
6532:
6529:
6526:
6525:
6523:
6521:Proclamations
6519:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6489:
6486:
6482:
6475:
6470:
6468:
6463:
6461:
6456:
6455:
6452:
6440:
6432:
6430:
6422:
6421:
6418:
6406:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6335:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6315:
6313:
6307:
6301:
6298:
6294:
6291:
6290:
6289:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6277:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6237:
6235:
6231:
6223:
6220:
6219:
6218:Sierra Leone
6217:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6204:
6202:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6172:
6168:
6165:
6161:Afro-American
6157:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6137:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6092:
6089:
6083:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6075:
6074:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6037:
6033:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6015:
6012:
6011:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5950:
5946:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5846:
5843:
5842:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5785:
5781:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5696:French Guiana
5694:
5692:
5689:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5631:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5612:Somali Bantus
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5520:
5519:Black Indians
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5489:Affrilachians
5487:
5486:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5470:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5447:New Brunswick
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5416:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5391:
5390:Miskito Sambu
5388:
5387:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5359:
5356:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5342:
5336:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5323:Dougla people
5321:
5320:
5319:
5316:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5270:
5267:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5214:
5213:Ganga-Longoba
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5160:
5158:
5156:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5146:Latin America
5142:
5138:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5120:
5115:
5113:
5108:
5106:
5101:
5100:
5097:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5009:South America
5007:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4986:
4980:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4871:North America
4869:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4795:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4666:
4661:
4659:
4654:
4652:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4631:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4600:Neighborhoods
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4563:Sports firsts
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4457:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4365:West Virginia
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4302:Pennsylvania
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4282:
4281:New York City
4279:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4126:
4125:San Francisco
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4098:By state/city
4096:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4043:American Sign
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3976:Neighborhoods
3974:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3961:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3906:Black Indians
3904:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3867:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3828:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3484:Black schools
3482:
3480:
3479:Black studies
3477:
3476:
3474:
3468:
3462:
3461:Whitney Young
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3451:Oprah Winfrey
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3421:Denmark Vesey
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3366:Joseph Rainey
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:Toni Morrison
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3306:Joseph Lowery
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3251:Jesse Jackson
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3241:Kamala Harris
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3226:Marcus Garvey
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3176:Blanche Bruce
3174:
3172:
3171:Edward Brooke
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3161:James Bradley
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3141:James Baldwin
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:Neighborhoods
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2938:Silent Parade
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2866:Jim Crow laws
2864:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2689:Black cowboys
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2551:
2545:
2537:
2535:0-9526460-5-6
2531:
2527:
2526:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2362:, p. 32.
2361:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2096:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2079:New Brunswick
2076:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2045:Althea McNish
2043:
2040:
2039:Hazel Manning
2037:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1835:Vice Admiral
1833:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1754:
1749:
1738:
1733:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1675:
1674:Minstrel show
1672:
1670:
1669:Magical Negro
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1586:
1585:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1480:
1479:West Virginia
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1414:San Francisco
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1394:New York City
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1087:
1086:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1045:Nova Scotians
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1008:
1005:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
949:
948:Black Indians
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
928:
927:
922:
914:
913:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
886:HBCU (HBCUAC)
884:
882:
879:
878:
877:
876:
871:
866:
863:
862:
861:
860:
852:
851:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
794:
793:
791:
790:
787:Organizations
785:
777:
776:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
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6774:Cato Perkins
6754:David George
6749:Davis family
6726:Settler Town
6699:
6680:Rose Fortune
6592:
6574:Emancipation
6146:Saint Helena
6082:in Karnataka
5999:Saudi Arabia
5567:Brass Ankles
5327:
5208:Cape Verdean
5031:Confederados
4978:
4972:New Virginia
4776:Saudi Arabia
4708:South Africa
4703:Sierra Leone
4516:Sportspeople
4486:Billionaires
4432:
4403:Sierra Leone
4306:Philadelphia
4142:Jacksonville
3969:Demographics
3801:Jack Johnson
3791:Muhammad Ali
3624:Conservatism
3559:Black church
3456:Andrew Young
3441:Ida B. Wells
3431:David Walker
3426:C. T. Vivian
3381:Paul Robeson
3376:Hiram Revels
3356:Colin Powell
3336:Barack Obama
3291:James Lawson
3246:Jimi Hendrix
3216:James Farmer
3211:Medgar Evers
3181:Ralph Bunche
3131:Maya Angelou
3105:Middle class
2983:Afrofuturism
2909:
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2669:Afrocentrism
2659:Abolitionism
2569:. Retrieved
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1404:Philadelphia
1374:Jacksonville
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970:Brass Ankles
723:Conservatism
698:Afrocentrism
670:Joint Center
561:Black church
552:Institutions
467:Billionaires
457:Middle class
410:Celebrations
373:Fraternities
59:
50:
39:Please help
30:
6769:Boston King
6764:John Kizell
6634:Nova Scotia
6405:Reparations
6370:Black power
6118:New Zealand
5949:Middle East
5902:Switzerland
5862:Netherlands
5577:Dominickers
5452:Nova Scotia
5370:El Salvador
5301:Saint Lucia
5291:Puerto Rico
5000:New Zealand
4940:Free Blacks
4903:Six Nations
4878:The Bahamas
4842:Netherlands
4766:Philippines
4756:North Korea
4536:US senators
4506:Republicans
4491:Journalists
4348:San Antonio
4313:Puerto Rico
4254:Mississippi
4147:Tallahassee
4120:Los Angeles
3811:Jesse Owens
3796:Arthur Ashe
3654:Nationalism
3644:Raised fist
3607:Black power
3512:in medicine
3446:Roy Wilkins
3401:Emmett Till
3386:Al Sharpton
3151:Julian Bond
3146:James Bevel
3110:Upper class
3100:Stereotypes
2993:Black mecca
2905:Plantations
2684:Black Codes
2308:Tony Martin
2075:Nova Scotia
1948:to include
1941:Lord Harris
1908:slave ships
1814:War of 1812
1804:During the
1781:War of 1812
1771:who gained
1640:Stereotypes
1567:Nova Scotia
1449:Mississippi
1409:San Antonio
1389:Los Angeles
1324:Black mecca
1251:Mississippi
1158:Negro Dutch
980:Dominickers
924:Multiethnic
833:TransAfrica
743:Nationalism
713:Black power
497:Black pride
462:Upper class
161:Politicians
53:August 2022
6851:Categories
6812:miniseries
6338:Coromantee
5753:Paramaccan
5667:Quilombola
5607:Melungeons
5365:Costa Rica
5274:Coromantee
4915:Costa Rica
4688:The Gambia
4481:Astronauts
4271:New Jersey
4115:California
3619:Capitalism
3416:Nat Turner
3346:Rosa Parks
3331:Diane Nash
3301:John Lewis
3090:Newspapers
3060:Literature
3045:Juneteenth
2998:Businesses
2852:Exodusters
2820:Free Negro
2528:. London.
2389:References
2201:Weiss 2002
2174:NALIS 2016
2006:veneration
1986:abstinence
1958:sugar cane
1950:cash crops
1903:Lord Eldon
1206:California
1180:Population
753:Patriotism
738:Liberalism
718:Capitalism
689:Ideologies
570:Theologies
429:Juneteenth
401:Literature
329:Newspapers
237:Migrations
168:Juneteenth
35:to readers
6642:Birchtown
6600:(Niagara)
6572:Post-war
6502:Loyalists
6159:Secondary
6123:Sri Lanka
6101:Mardijker
6091:Indonesia
6062:Hong Kong
6057:Guangzhou
6047:Australia
5994:Palestine
5922:Liverpool
5917:Cambridge
5770:Venezuela
5642:Argentina
5397:Nicaragua
5375:Guatemala
5155:Caribbean
5133:Geography
5068:Venezuela
5041:New Texas
5026:Americana
5016:Argentina
4995:Australia
4930:Guatemala
4729:Hong Kong
4595:Monuments
4471:Activists
4323:Tennessee
4243:Michigan
4227:Baltimore
4217:Louisiana
4210:Lexington
4193:Davenport
4132:Cleveland
4031:Languages
3960:Melungeon
3938:Blaxicans
3806:Joe Louis
3661:Socialism
3597:Anarchism
3326:Bob Moses
3311:Malcolm X
3231:Fred Gray
3095:Soul food
3033:New Negro
3018:Folktales
2928:Redlining
2581:cite book
2544:cite book
2378:The Times
2091:Citations
2002:syncretic
1891:HMS
1884:HMS
1818:companies
1664:Hollywood
1654:Blackface
1589:Prejudice
1507:US cities
1384:Lexington
1359:Davenport
1339:Baltimore
1315:US cities
1291:Tennessee
1241:Louisiana
1187:US states
995:Melungeon
965:Blaxicans
763:Socialism
728:Garveyism
703:Anarchism
507:Good hair
334:Soul food
304:Folktales
6798:In media
6593:Merikins
6429:Category
6279:Asia and
6248:Haitians
6203:Nigeria
6193:Liberia
6163:diaspora
6139:Atlantic
6113:Malaysia
6014:Africans
5932:Scotland
5877:Portugal
5798:Abkhazia
5758:Saramaka
5733:Suriname
5723:Paraguay
5711:Saramaka
5679:Colombia
5657:Kalungas
5587:Garifuna
5523:Freedmen
5474:Mascogos
5407:Cimarrón
5380:Honduras
5358:Garifuna
5328:Merikins
5311:Garifuna
5225:Dominica
5183:Barbados
5163:Anguilla
5141:Americas
5077:See also
5058:Paraguay
4957:Kickapoo
4947:Honduras
4847:Portugal
4761:Pakistan
4618:Category
4409:America
4375:Diaspora
4360:Virginia
4293:Oklahoma
4276:New York
4259:Nebraska
4222:Maryland
4205:Kentucky
4171:Illinois
4110:Arkansas
4015:Illinois
3953:of color
3639:Populism
3612:Movement
3529:Religion
2871:Lynching
2654:Timeline
2226:Archived
2065:See also
1988:and the
1978:Virginia
1974:Baptists
1968:Religion
1861:Trinidad
1810:freedmen
1789:Trinidad
1765:Merikens
1761:Merikins
1704:Category
1527:Diaspora
1454:Missouri
1379:Kentucky
1306:Virginia
1276:Oklahoma
1261:New York
1256:Nebraska
1246:Maryland
1221:Illinois
1201:Arkansas
1040:Merikins
985:Freedmen
958:Mascogos
758:Populism
649:Politics
544:Religion
514:Stepping
280:Lifeways
116:Timeline
83:a series
81:Part of
6439:Commons
6400:Slavery
6390:Maroons
6309:Related
6281:Oceania
6239:France
6128:Kaffirs
6040:Oceania
5907:Ukraine
5882:Romania
5852:Ireland
5835:Germany
5818:Finland
5813:Denmark
5808:Belgium
5803:Austria
5765:Uruguay
5743:Matawai
5691:Ecuador
5662:Macombo
5647:Bolivia
5635:America
5457:Ontario
5420:America
5346:America
5344:Central
5269:Jamaica
5257:Marabou
5247:Grenada
5220:Curaçao
5188:Bermuda
5178:Bahamas
5063:Uruguay
5053:Ecuador
4988:Oceania
4967:Mormons
4962:Mascogo
4832:Ireland
4822:Germany
4698:Liberia
4546:Writers
4511:Singers
4496:Jurists
4444:Europe
4398:Liberia
4343:Houston
4247:Detroit
4183:Indiana
4176:Chicago
4159:Atlanta
4154:Georgia
4137:Florida
4105:Alabama
4055:English
3629:Leftism
3499:Museums
3050:Kwanzaa
2975:Culture
2943:Slavery
2646:History
2571:1 April
2346:Express
2260:Express
1982:pastors
1930:cassava
1830:Georgia
1785:Bermuda
1773:freedom
1562:Liberia
1444:Georgia
1439:Florida
1369:Houston
1364:Detroit
1349:Chicago
1334:Atlanta
1226:Indiana
1216:Georgia
1211:Florida
1196:Alabama
1128:Tutnese
1007:Redbone
733:Leftism
434:Kwanzaa
391:Studies
343:Schools
272:Culture
201:Aspects
146:Slavery
108:Periods
100:History
31:may be
6827:Portal
6714:(1792)
6584:(1783)
6536:(1779)
6530:(1775)
6358:Yoruba
6311:topics
6288:Israel
6233:Europe
6178:Ghana
6171:Africa
6009:Turkey
5984:Jordan
5967:Israel
5927:London
5897:Sweden
5887:Russia
5872:Poland
5867:Norway
5845:Blacks
5840:Greece
5823:France
5789:Blacks
5784:Europe
5748:Ndyuka
5738:Kwinti
5718:Guyana
5706:Ndyuka
5684:Raizal
5652:Brazil
5617:Yoruba
5602:Lumbee
5582:Fulani
5560:Gullah
5469:Mexico
5427:Canada
5402:Panama
5353:Belize
5262:Marron
5235:Cocolo
5021:Brazil
4952:Mexico
4888:Canada
4883:Belize
4857:Sweden
4827:Greece
4810:France
4803:Europe
4781:Taiwan
4739:Israel
4680:Africa
4558:Mayors
4476:Actors
4448:France
4440:Israel
4428:Mexico
4413:Canada
4388:Gambia
4383:Africa
4333:Austin
4298:Oregon
4237:Boston
4200:Kansas
4166:Hawaii
4084:Gullah
3894:Yoruba
3884:Gullah
3755:Sports
3673:groups
3503:Women
3040:Hoodoo
2914:(1896)
2840:Second
2816:(1857)
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2708:(1954)
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2016:. The
2014:Psalms
2010:Shango
1893:Levant
1886:Carron
1800:Origin
1794:patois
1596:Racism
1557:Israel
1547:France
1542:Canada
1537:Africa
1344:Boston
1281:Oregon
1236:Kansas
1146:Gullah
1035:Gullah
855:Sports
602:Hoodoo
6353:Tikar
6348:Kongo
6300:Japan
6187:Tabom
6108:Japan
6077:Siddi
6052:China
6026:Yemen
6004:Syria
5937:Wales
5892:Spain
5857:Italy
5828:Paris
5701:Aluku
5674:Chile
5633:South
5592:Igbos
5418:North
5279:Igbos
5252:Haiti
5203:Arará
5173:Aruba
5048:Chile
4935:Haiti
4852:Spain
4837:Italy
4771:Qatar
4751:Japan
4734:India
4724:China
4693:Ghana
4459:Lists
4423:Haiti
4393:Ghana
4328:Texas
4264:Omaha
3542:Islam
3075:Names
3065:Music
3003:Dance
1998:Obeah
1994:gayap
1954:cocoa
1934:maize
1925:acres
1709:Index
1552:Ghana
1474:Texas
1399:Omaha
1296:Texas
808:NAACP
319:Names
309:Music
289:Dance
6343:Igbo
6212:Saro
6036:Asia
5989:Oman
5962:Iraq
5957:Iran
5728:Peru
5198:Cuba
4920:Cuba
4717:Asia
4355:Utah
4188:Iowa
4020:Ohio
3981:list
3889:Igbo
3879:Fula
3023:Hair
3013:Film
2730:1968
2720:1964
2587:link
2573:2016
2550:link
2530:ISBN
2485:ISBN
2454:ISBN
2433:ISBN
2414:ISBN
2348:2012
2262:2011
2077:and
1956:and
1900:and
1889:and
1759:The
1642:and
1301:Utah
1271:Ohio
1231:Iowa
838:UNCF
299:Film
148:and
6038:and
2988:Art
2845:New
2058:OBE
2008:of
1952:of
1828:to
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396:Art
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1751:A
85:on
6829::
6473:e
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