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in Danzig, the illegal holding of guns had been established. Party members had used these weapons to fight against government orders. Another justification provided involved the production and distribution by communists of "illegal printed matter", which called for civil disobedience in the face
49:
It is not clear from sources when her first marriage, which took place in 1924 and was to
Hermann Totzki, ended, but on account of that marriage, sources relating to her career during the 1920s and 1930s sometimes identify her as Meta Totzki.
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125:. The communists received 10.2% of the votes cast in the election, which placed them in fifth place and entitled them to 7 places in the 72 seat assembly. (The composition of the chamber was dominated by the
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110:, established during a violent decade as the female section of the quasi-military wing of the Communist Party. In 1929, still aged only 26, she became a member of the party leadership team (
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on the edge of Berlin. Already, by the end of 1932, she was working illegally as a party instructor in Danzig. In
January 1933 the backdrop changed with the
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held a small overall majority) agreed to the implementation of the sentences against Totzki and against Felix
Raschke, another communist assembly member.
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Slightly more than three weeks later, on 26 May 1934, the Chief of Police
Hellmut Froböß issued a decree which had the effect of dissolving the
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78:. In May 1924 she married Hermann Totzki (1894–1965) and with him moved back to her birth city, which following frontier changes mandated
166:. During the early summer of 1933 many communists in Germany were arrested or fled abroad. Despite its semi-detached legal status, the
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was subject to many of the changes and pressures sweeping
Germany: on 2 April 1934 Meta Totzki was arrested and sentenced by a
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94:, but still, at this stage, overwhelmingly German in terms of language and ethnicity, and included in a customs union with
216:. She next sold advertising space for a still semi-legal communist newspaper in Danzig. In June 1936 she fled to
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with 16.4%.) Although the party had 7 seats, the
Communist group in the Volkstag was dominated by three of them:
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and became the party's head of Social
Welfare for central Berlin. In March 1947 she was a co-founder of the
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Kindheit und Jugend in Danzig 1920 bis 1945. Identitätsbildung im sozialistischen und im konservativen Milieu
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endorsed this step with the assertion that in various criminal trials against leading officers of the
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251:. Meta Preuß and her husband settled instead in the Berlin region, now at the heart of the
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356:. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin
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Marek
Andrzejewski: Opposition und Widerstand in Danzig 1933–1939. Dietz, Berlin 1994,
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293:. However, in 1949 she became seriously ill, and in 1950 she went into retirement.
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She returned at the start of June 1946. Much had changed during and following the
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22:(born Meta Kroll; 18 January 1903 – 25 December 1981) was a German politician (
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where, for some of the time, she was able to support herself by working at the
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235:. In Sweden she had married her second husband, Karl Preuß (1904–1981).
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to three years in prison for "illegal political activities". At a
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meant there was no question, for ethnic
Germans, of "returning" to
285:) within it. Later she became chair of the local party group in
114:) for Danzig, with particular responsibility for women's matters.
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where she joined the growing group of exiled German communists.
102:, and the next year she became the leader locally of the
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Meta Totzki was released in
November 1935 because of an
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session on 2 May 1934 the assembly (where following a
444:"Verfolgung und Widerstand in Sangerhausen 1933-1945"
58:Meta Kroll was born into a working-class family in
30:). In November 1930 she was elected one of seven
514:Members of the Volkstag of the Free City of Danzig
350:"Preuß (Totzki), Meta * 18.1.1903, † 25.12.1981"
140:During June 1931 she attended a training at the
519:Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime members
289:, a small town in the southwestern part of the
224:embassy. In September 1938 she emigrated to
277:"Vereinigung der Verfolgten des Naziregimes "
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509:Socialist Unity Party of Germany politicians
269:"Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands"
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155:in Germany which was followed, there, by a
529:Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit
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62:which at that time was the capital of the
275:Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime (
296:Meta Preuß died on Christmas Day, 1981.
137:, Helene Kreft and Meta Totzki herself.
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504:Communist Party of Germany politicians
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281:and was elected to a senior position (
86:", neither part of the newly reduced
7:
446:. Flugschrift Nr. 5. September 2010.
255:(relaunched in October 1949 as the
245:ethnic cleansing on a massive scale
354:Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten
106:"Der Rote Frauen und Mädchenbund "
14:
375:Kaczorowska, Alina (2010-07-21).
145:national "Rosa Luxemburg" Academy
104:"Red Women's and Girl's League" (
180:further election on 28 May 1933
129:with 25.2% of the vote and the
74:, working as an assistant in a
82:had now become the so-called "
1:
16:German politician (1903–1981)
123:Danzig parliament (Volkstag)
90:nor of the newly reinstated
98:. In 1927 she joined the
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381:. Routledge. p. 199.
260:German Democratic Republic
100:Communist Party of Germany
42:in the quasi-independent
524:Exiles from Nazi Germany
499:People from West Prussia
405:. Klartext, Essen 2005,
378:Public International Law
307:Patriotic Order of Merit
237:Further frontier changes
494:Politicians from Gdańsk
267:Socialist Unity Party (
121:she was elected to the
70:. By 1917 she was in
459:Cite journal requires
253:Soviet occupation zone
243:inside Poland, while
209:of official orders.
262:). She joined the
168:Free City of Danzig
84:Free City of Danzig
44:Free City of Danzig
401:Wolfgang Gippert:
300:Awards and honours
202:Hermann Rauschning
164:party dictatorship
153:Nazi power seizure
411:978-3-89861-388-0
388:978-0-203-84847-0
283:"Schriftführerin"
200:Senate President
135:Anton Plenikowski
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257:Soviet sponsored
127:Social Democrats
119:16 November 1930
112:"Bezirksleitung"
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358:. Retrieved
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287:Sangerhausen
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172:Danzig court
157:rapid switch
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92:Polish state
88:German state
68:West Prussia
66:province of
57:
48:
37:
36:Parliament (
19:
18:
489:1981 deaths
484:1903 births
291:Soviet zone
478:Categories
360:9 November
314:References
184:Nazi Party
38:"Volkstag"
20:Meta Preuß
413:, p. 175.
309:in bronze
239:had left
149:Fichtenau
433:, p. 73.
196:. The
176:Volkstag
76:pharmacy
214:amnesty
142:party's
108:/ RFMB)
80:in 1919
429:
409:
385:
279:/ VVN)
271:/ SED)
249:Gdańsk
241:Danzig
226:Sweden
222:Soviet
218:Warsaw
191:Danzig
96:Poland
72:Berlin
64:German
60:Danzig
305:1968
131:Nazis
465:help
427:ISBN
407:ISBN
383:ISBN
362:2016
198:Nazi
182:the
161:one-
54:Life
233:war
159:to
147:in
117:On
28:SED
24:KPD
480::
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454:}}
450:{{
418:^
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348:.
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321:^
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26:,
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40:)
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