1038:, and a number of studies are currently testing the therapeutic potential of drugs that modify these receptors. There is also growing evidence that group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists may play a role in the treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in cortical inhibitory interneurons that release GABA and synaptic abnormalities associated with deficits in NMDA receptor function. These inhibitory deficits may impair cortical function via cortical disinhibition and asynchrony. The drug
46:
1138:. This finding allowed in 1987 to yield an explanation for oscillatory ionic glutamate responses and to provide further evidence for the existence of metabotropic glutamate receptors. In 1991 the first metabotropic glutamate receptor of the seven transmembrane domain family was cloned. More recent reports on ionotropic glutamate receptors able to couple to metabotropic transduction systems suggest that metabotropic responses of glutamate might not be limited to seven transmembrane domain metabotropic glutamate receptors.
31:
677:
2824:
Krystal JH, Abi-Saab W, Perry E, D'Souza DC, Liu N, Gueorguieva R, McDougall L, Hunsberger T, Belger A, Levine L, Breier A (April 2005). "Preliminary evidence of attenuation of the disruptive effects of the NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist, ketamine, on working memory by pretreatment with the group
870:
Different types of mGluRs are distributed differently in cells. For example, one study found that Group I mGluRs are located mostly on postsynaptic parts of cells, while groups II and III are mostly located on presynaptic elements, though they have been found on both pre- and postsynaptic membranes.
2911:
Patil ST, Zhang L, Martenyi F, Lowe SL, Jackson KA, Andreev BV, Avedisova AS, Bardenstein LM, Gurovich IY, Morozova MA, Mosolov SN, Neznanov NG, Reznik AM, Smulevich AB, Tochilov VA, Johnson BG, Monn JA, Schoepp DD (September 2007). "Activation of mGlu2/3 receptors as a new approach to treat
2999:
Felizola SJ, Nakamura Y, Satoh F, Morimoto R, Kikuchi K, Nakamura T, Hozawa A, Wang L, Onodera Y, Ise K, McNamara KM, Midorikawa S, Suzuki S, Sasano H (January 2014). "Glutamate receptors and the regulation of steroidogenesis in the human adrenal gland: the metabotropic pathway".
944:
It has been suggested that mGluRs may act as regulators of neurons' vulnerability to excitotoxicity (a deadly neurochemical process involving glutamate receptor overactivation) through their modulation of NMDARs, the receptor most involved in that process. Excessive amounts of
2955:
Coplan JD, Mathew SJ, Smith EL, Trost RC, Scharf BA, Martinez J, Gorman JM, Monn JA, Schoepp DD, Rosenblum LA (July 2001). "Effects of LY354740, a novel glutamatergic metabotropic agonist, on nonhuman primate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and noradrenergic function".
2114:
Bruno V, Copani A, Knöpfel T, Kuhn R, Casabona G, Dell'Albani P, Condorelli DF, Nicoletti F (August 1995). "Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors coupled to inositol phospholipid hydrolysis amplifies NMDA-induced neuronal degeneration in cultured cortical cells".
1966:
Campo B, Kalinichev M, Lambeng N, El
Yacoubi M, Royer-Urios I, Schneider M, Legrand C, Parron D, Girard F, Bessif A, Poli S, Vaugeois JM, Le Poul E, Celanire S (December 2011). "Characterization of an mGluR2/3 negative allosteric modulator in rodent models of depression".
2201:
Bruno V, Battaglia G, Copani A, Giffard RG, Raciti G, Raffaele R, Shinozaki H, Nicoletti F (September 1995). "Activation of class II or III metabotropic glutamate receptors protects cultured cortical neurons against excitotoxic degeneration".
1009:
Since metabotropic glutamate receptors are involved in a variety of functions, abnormalities in their expression can contribute to disease. For example, studies with mutant mice have suggested that mutations in expression of
2644:
Krystal JH, D'Souza DC, Mathalon D, Perry E, Belger A, Hoffman R (September 2003). "NMDA receptor antagonist effects, cortical glutamatergic function, and schizophrenia: toward a paradigm shift in medication development".
956:(NMDA), the selective specific agonist of NMDARs, has been found to cause more damage to neurons in the presence of group I mGluR agonists. On the other hand, agonists of group II and III mGluRs reduce NMDAR activity.
6375:
1481:
Sladeczek F., Momiyama A.,Takahashi T. (1992). "Presynaptic inhibitory action of metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist on excitatory transmission in visual cortical neurons". Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 1993 253,
1281:
Hinoi E, Ogita K, Takeuchi Y, Ohashi H, Maruyama T, Yoneda Y (March 2001). "Characterization with quisqualate of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype in rat central and peripheral excitable tissues".
1165:
Bonsi P, Cuomo D, De Persis C, Centonze D, Bernardi G, Calabresi P, Pisani A (2005). "Modulatory action of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) 5 on mGluR1 function in striatal cholinergic interneurons".
2737:
Homayoun H, Jackson ME, Moghaddam B (April 2005). "Activation of metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptors reverses the effects of NMDA receptor hypofunction on prefrontal cortex unit activity in awake rats".
1673:
Skeberdis VA, Lan J, Opitz T, Zheng X, Bennett MV, Zukin RS (June 2001). "mGluR1-mediated potentiation of NMDA receptors involves a rise in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C".
1923:
Koike H, Iijima M, Chaki S (December 2011). "Involvement of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling in the antidepressant-like effect of group II metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists".
1134:
The first demonstration that glutamate could induce the formation of molecules belonging to a major second messenger system was in 1985, when it was shown that it could stimulate the formation of
1865:
Bates B, Xie Y, Taylor N, Johnson J, Wu L, Kwak S, Blatcher M, Gulukota K, Paulsen JE (December 2002). "Characterization of mGluR5R, a novel, metabotropic glutamate receptor 5-related gene".
1014:
may be involved in the development of certain types of cancer. In addition, manipulating mGluRs can be useful in treating some conditions. For example, clinical trial suggested that an mGlu
6202:
233:), are divided into groups I, II, and III. Receptor types are grouped based on receptor structure and physiological activity. The mGluRs are further divided into subtypes, such as mGluR
6368:
7387:
1833:"Metabotropic glutamate receptors negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase inhibit N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and prevent neurotoxicity in mesencephalic neurons in vitro"
3456:
2341:
Siliprandi R, Lipartiti M, Fadda E, Sautter J, Manev H (August 1992). "Activation of the glutamate metabotropic receptor protects retina against N-methyl-D-aspartate toxicity".
805:. These receptors are involved in presynaptic inhibition, and do not appear to affect postsynaptic membrane potential by themselves. Receptors in groups II and III reduce the
918:
Metabotropic glutamate receptors are known to act as modulators of (affect the activity of) other receptors. For example, group I mGluRs are known to increase the activity of
6361:
2376:
Baskys A, Fang L, Bayazitov I (August 2005). "Activation of neuroprotective pathways by metabotropic group I glutamate receptors: a potential target for drug discovery?".
7383:
5668:
1509:
Endoh T (October 2004). "Characterization of modulatory effects of postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors on calcium currents in rat nucleus tractus solitarius".
1627:
Swanson CJ, Bures M, Johnson MP, Linden AM, Monn JA, Schoepp DD (February 2005). "Metabotropic glutamate receptors as novel targets for anxiety and stress disorders".
4606:
2072:
Baskys A, Blaabjerg M (March 2005). "Understanding regulation of nerve cell death by mGluRs as a method for development of successful neuroprotective strategies".
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
1433:"The acid-sensitive, anesthetic-activated potassium leak channel, KCNK3, is regulated by 14-3-3β-dependent, protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated endocytic trafficking"
1719:
Lea PM, Custer SJ, Vicini S, Faden AI (September 2002). "Neuronal and glial mGluR5 modulation prevents stretch-induced enhancement of NMDA receptor current".
1068:
5538:
2247:"Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation attenuates traumatic neuronal injury and improves neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury"
6941:
6800:
5928:
5923:
479:
6557:
7407:
5959:
5304:
3449:
347:
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The receptors in group II, including mGluRs 2 and 3, and group III, including mGluRs 4, 6, 7, and 8, (with some exceptions) prevent the formation of
5919:
4705:
4700:
766:. Their action can be excitatory, increasing conductance, causing more glutamate to be released from the presynaptic cell, but they also increase
5943:
5625:
5620:
5615:
4581:
3227:
Wang Y, Small DL, Stanimirovic DB, Morley P, Durkin JP (October 1997). "AMPA receptor-mediated regulation of a Gi-protein in cortical neurons".
824:(L-AP4) activates only group III mGluRs. Several subtype-selective positive allosteric modulators that activate only the mGlu2 subtype, such as
5999:
4869:
4696:
5610:
4556:
2158:
Buisson A, Yu SP, Choi DW (January 1996). "DCG-IV selectively attenuates rapidly triggered NMDA-induced neurotoxicity in cortical neurons".
4784:
4596:
4066:
3804:
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3794:
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3784:
3442:
2501:
Marino MJ, Williams DL, O'Brien JA, Valenti O, McDonald TP, Clements MK, Wang R, DiLella AG, Hess JF, Kinney GG, Conn PJ (November 2003).
2279:
Faden AI, Ivanova SA, Yakovlev AG, Mukhin AG (December 1997). "Neuroprotective effects of group III mGluR in traumatic neuronal injury".
5597:
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3145:
Masu M, Tanabe Y, Tsuchida K, Shigemoto R, Nakanishi S (February 1991). "Sequence and expression of a metabotropic glutamate receptor".
2781:
Moghaddam B, Adams BW (August 1998). "Reversal of phencyclidine effects by a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist in rats".
813:
3043:
Sladeczek F, Pin JP, Récasens M, Bockaert J, Weiss S (1985). "Glutamate stimulates inositol phosphate formation in striatal neurones".
7070:
6671:
5502:
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1906:
352:
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7187:
7115:
7011:
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4149:
4144:
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1096:
1052:
1048:
771:
767:
5953:
5948:
4888:
4883:
3964:
3959:
1350:
Chu Z, Hablitz JJ (October 2000). "Quisqualate induces an inward current via mGluR activation in neocortical pyramidal neurons".
1552:
El
Moustaine D, Granier S, Doumazane E, Scholler P, Rahmeh R, Bron P, Mouillac B, Banères JL, Rondard P, Pin JP (October 2012).
4893:
4139:
3894:
1775:
Shigemoto R, Kinoshita A, Wada E, Nomura S, Ohishi H, Takada M, Flor PJ, Neki A, Abe T, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N (October 1997).
5988:
5983:
5517:
4758:
4753:
4601:
4450:
4445:
2503:"Allosteric modulation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptor 4: a potential approach to Parkinson's disease treatment"
1213:
1059:) was shown to attenuate physiologic and cognitive abnormalities in animal and human studies of NMDA receptor antagonist and
790:
2023:
Tu JC, Xiao B, Naisbitt S, Yuan JP, Petralia RS, Brakeman P, Doan A, Aakalu VK, Lanahan AA, Sheng M, Worley PF (July 1999).
7345:
7249:
7162:
7090:
1214:"A novel binding assay for metabotropic glutamate receptors using [3H] L-quisqualic acid and recombinant receptors"
108:
The mGluRs perform a variety of functions in the central and peripheral nervous systems: For example, they are involved in
5522:
7379:
5979:
4319:
4314:
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3545:
3540:
3530:
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576:
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4128:
4123:
4118:
4029:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3469:
3094:
Sugiyama H, Ito I, Hirono C (1987). "A new type of glutamate receptor linked to inositol phospholipid metabolism".
334:
198:
156:
81:
959:
Group II and III mGluRs tend to protect neurons from excitotoxicity, possibly by reducing the activity of NMDARs.
838:
are drugs that act as a selective antagonist blocking both of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR
7417:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4310:
4196:
4024:
4006:
3987:
3980:
3499:
2868:
Aghajanian GK, Marek GJ (March 2000). "Serotonin model of schizophrenia: emerging role of glutamate mechanisms".
7412:
6105:
5974:
5934:
5580:
4504:
4466:
4325:
4114:
4038:
3992:
3482:
3428:
3197:
1614:
1554:"Distinct roles of metabotropic glutamate receptor dimerization in agonist activation and G-protein coupling"
6926:
6778:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4778:
4773:
4690:
4685:
4680:
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4388:
4383:
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4340:
4251:
3975:
3424:
748:
85:
45:
6562:
6428:
4491:
4486:
4403:
4398:
3997:
3598:
3593:
2609:
Dölen G, Carpenter RL, Ocain TD, Bear MF (July 2010). "Mechanism-based approaches to treating fragile X".
2314:
Wang J-Q, Brownell A-L (2007). "Development of metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands for neuroimaging".
1777:"Differential presynaptic localization of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat hippocampus"
1027:
990:
874:
Also, different mGluR subtypes are found predominantly in different parts of the body. For example, mGluR
802:
778:
183:
6036:
4874:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4814:
4769:
4666:
4529:
4524:
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4161:
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3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3603:
3588:
3465:
732:
179:
152:
73:
1396:
Platt SR (March 2007). "The role of glutamate in central nervous system health and disease--a review".
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3154:
3103:
3052:
2790:
2514:
2385:
1565:
1104:
994:
851:
362:
781:(DHPG), a fact that is useful to experimenters because it allows them to isolate and identify them.
5909:
4844:
4735:
4519:
4482:
3947:
3576:
3508:
2025:"Coupling of mGluR/Homer and PSD-95 complexes by the Shank family of postsynaptic density proteins"
1832:
983:
979:
656:
631:
606:
545:
517:
425:
168:
160:
77:
6931:
6783:
2462:"Efficacy and tolerability of an mGlu2/3 agonist in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder"
30:
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1948:
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1534:
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1307:
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1135:
825:
460:
69:
7053:
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17:
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3017:
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agonist in the treatment of schizophrenia. The same drug has been shown to interfere in the
798:
752:
736:
710:
389:
295:
97:
6463:
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1913:, University of Bristol Centre for Synaptic Plasticity (2003). Retrieved January 20, 2008.
1910:
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hallucinogen effects, supporting the subsequent clinical evidence of efficacy for an mGluR
887:
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680:
141:
3240:
3158:
3107:
3056:
2794:
2518:
2389:
1569:
6055:
4915:
4743:
3970:
3763:
3758:
3748:
3724:
3694:
3689:
3401:
3376:
3358:
3333:
3315:
3282:
2714:
2689:
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2460:
Dunayevich E, Erickson J, Levine L, Landbloom R, Schoepp DD, Tollefson GD (June 2008).
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1801:
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39:
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2502:
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2024:
1878:
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6901:
6748:
6572:
6488:
6438:
6110:
5759:
5754:
5749:
4675:
4611:
3679:
3283:"Recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of group II and group III mGlu receptors"
3264:
2622:
2354:
2128:
1996:
1936:
1212:
Ohashi H, Maruyama T, Higashi-Matsumoto H, Nomoto T, Nishimura S, Takeuchi Y (2002).
1179:
1071:, with chronic oral administration of this drug leading to markedly reduced baseline
930:
919:
706:
562:
442:
320:
194:
49:
35:
2897:
2854:
2674:
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2187:
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2010:
1952:
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4034:
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3609:
3182:
3131:
3080:
3029:
2985:
2941:
2767:
1522:
883:
713:
172:
2825:
II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, LY354740, in healthy human subjects".
2802:
2437:
2420:
1252:
2577:
1980:
6983:
6847:
6681:
6629:
6614:
2419:
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Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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1558:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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2081:
967:
831:
695:
676:
489:
137:
93:
3306:
2421:"Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and glutamate signaling in human melanoma"
1030:. Most recently, Group I mGluRs, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of
7310:
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7211:
7134:
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7030:
6988:
6896:
6891:
6852:
6743:
6738:
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1060:
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310:
89:
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2446:
2405:
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2050:
1988:
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1694:
1648:
1597:
1530:
1468:
1417:
1371:
1303:
1240:
1232:
1187:
941:
frequently anchor mGluRs near enough to NMDARs to modulate their activity.
910:
It is thought that mGluRs play a role in a variety of different functions.
809:
of postsynaptic potentials, both excitatory and inhibitory, in the cortex.
3349:
3256:
3174:
3123:
3072:
2810:
2751:
2362:
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1123:
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963:
879:
835:
109:
2245:
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1831:
Ambrosini A, Bresciani L, Fracchia S, Brunello N, Racagni G (May 1995).
6666:
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5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5552:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5458:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5299:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4590:
4281:
4104:
4098:
3668:
3663:
3653:
3648:
3166:
3115:
3064:
1615:
TABLE 1 Classification of the metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors
1035:
929:(NMDARs), a type of ion channel-linked receptor that is central in a
770:, or IPSPs. They can also inhibit glutamate release and can modulate
703:
468:
125:
113:
2690:"Neural synchrony in schizophrenia: from networks to new treatments"
1640:
3334:"Neurobiological Insights from mGlu Receptor Allosteric Modulation"
2925:
7315:
7244:
7216:
7139:
7048:
7035:
6956:
6946:
6815:
6805:
6604:
6547:
6317:
6008:
6003:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5766:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5547:
5542:
5532:
5527:
5468:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
4620:
4585:
4435:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4241:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4133:
4093:
4088:
4011:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3658:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3248:
675:
145:
44:
29:
1022:. Also, some researchers have suggested that activation of mGluR
997:, and they are removed from the synaptic membrane in response to
735:, where it induces, via fixation on its receptor, the opening of
7305:
6951:
6810:
6676:
6599:
6537:
6423:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
5690:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5482:
5472:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
4739:
4615:
4109:
946:
651:
626:
601:
540:
512:
484:
420:
384:
290:
121:
6357:
6243:
6030:
5578:
3480:
3438:
5507:
190:, or modulation and even induction of postsynaptic responses.
3196:
Dingledine R, Borges K, Bowie D, Traynelis SF (March 1999).
962:
Metabotropic glutamate receptors are also thought to affect
731:. Due to its hydrophilic character, IP3 can travel to the
7287:
7188:
7116:
7012:
6863:
6705:
6519:
6405:
2254:
The
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
171:, leading to the modification of other proteins, such as
878:
is located only in the brain, in locations such as the
777:
Group I mGluRs, but not other groups, are activated by
2011:
InterPro: IPR001786 Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4.
2912:
schizophrenia: a randomized Phase 2 clinical trial".
1018:
agonist, LY354740, was effective in the treatment of
7285:
7186:
7114:
7010:
7001:
6861:
6703:
6694:
6517:
6403:
6394:
6327:
6261:
6096:
6054:
5900:
5777:
5596:
5449:
5066:
4914:
4907:
4413:
4301:
4294:
4059:
3946:
3937:
3773:
3678:
3575:
3507:
3498:
1345:
1343:
1341:
702:. Stimulating the receptors causes the associated
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
694:, are stimulated most strongly by the excitatory
1714:
1712:
1668:
1666:
2688:Ford JM, Krystal JH, Mathalon DH (July 2007).
2109:
2107:
1904:Glutamate receptors: Structures and functions.
213:Eight different types of mGluRs, labeled mGluR
7002:
6695:
6369:
3450:
8:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
982:, mGluRs have been shown to be involved in
163:, metabotropic glutamate receptors are not
7007:
6700:
6400:
6376:
6362:
6354:
6258:
6240:
6051:
6027:
5593:
5575:
4911:
4298:
3943:
3504:
3495:
3477:
3457:
3443:
3435:
2562:"Correction of fragile X syndrome in mice"
2378:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
986:and in neurotoxicity and neuroprotection.
124:. They are found in pre- and postsynaptic
7388:Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators
7295:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8
7196:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7
7124:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6
7020:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4
6871:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3
6713:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2
6527:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5
6413:Tooltip Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1
3427:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
3400:
3357:
3314:
2713:
2585:
2536:
2526:
2477:
2436:
2040:
1800:
1609:
1607:
1587:
1577:
1458:
1448:
1095:has also been demonstrated to act on the
758:These receptors are also associated with
7384:Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators
1867:Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research
1207:
1205:
248:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1391:
1389:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1146:
743:calcium concentrations. The lipophilic
4607:Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
2870:Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews
1898:
1896:
1721:Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior
686:The mGluRs in group I, including mGluR
159:that span the cell membrane. Unlike
5611:Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor
3198:"The glutamate receptor ion channels"
820:activate only group II mGluRs, while
747:remains in the membrane, acting as a
7:
3002:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
2204:The European Journal of Neuroscience
2160:The European Journal of Neuroscience
2074:Journal of the Neurological Sciences
1613:If not otherwise specified in table:
72:that are active through an indirect
6927:Pomaglumetad methionil (LY-2140023)
6779:Pomaglumetad methionil (LY-2140023)
1437:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1083:resulted in a marked diminution of
1069:hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
814:2-(2,3-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine
2216:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb00712.x
2172:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01174.x
1793:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-19-07503.1997
772:voltage-dependent calcium channels
768:inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
175:. This can lead to changes in the
76:process. They are members of the
25:
3281:Jin, Chaobin; Ma, Shutao (2017).
1097:metabotropic glutamate receptor 3
1026:could be used as a treatment for
723:. This leads to the formation of
7408:Metabotropic glutamate receptors
5960:Growth-hormone-releasing hormone
3425:Metabotropic+Glutamate+Receptors
2623:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.02.008
2343:European Journal of Pharmacology
1937:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.08.034
1902:MRC (Medical Research Council),
1221:Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C
1180:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.05.012
828:, have also now been developed.
250:Overview of glutamate receptors
144:, as well as other parts of the
96:that functions as an excitatory
62:metabotropic glutamate receptors
34:Metabotropic glutamate receptor
18:Metabotropic glutamate receptors
7323:Positive allosteric modulators:
7274:Negative allosteric modulators:
7063:Positive allosteric modulators:
6981:Negative allosteric modulators:
6845:Negative allosteric modulators:
6788:Positive allosteric modulators:
6644:Negative allosteric modulators:
6587:Positive allosteric modulators:
6385:Metabotropic glutamate receptor
5920:Corticotropin-releasing hormone
2611:Pharmacology & Therapeutics
2316:Current Medical Imaging Reviews
84:, or GPCRs. Like all glutamate
4582:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
2013:Retrieved on January 20, 2008.
1629:Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery
1523:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.07.074
791:cyclic adenosine monophosphate
1:
7380:Receptor/signaling modulators
6000:Vasoactive intestinal peptide
4870:Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
2882:10.1016/S0165-0173(99)00046-6
2803:10.1126/science.281.5381.1349
2438:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3665
2042:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80810-7
1879:10.1016/S0169-328X(02)00458-8
1733:10.1016/S0091-3057(02)00825-0
1687:10.1016/S0028-3908(01)00005-3
1364:10.1016/S0006-8993(00)02752-9
1296:10.1016/S0197-0186(00)00075-9
914:Modulation of other receptors
6395:
3375:Gregory KJ, Conn PJ (2015).
3338:Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol
3332:O'Brien DE, Conn PJ (2016).
2578:10.1016/j.neuron.2007.12.001
2355:10.1016/0014-2999(92)90598-X
2129:10.1016/0028-3908(95)00077-J
1981:10.3109/01677063.2011.627485
1284:Neurochemistry International
1020:generalized anxiety disorder
894:are thought to exist in the
725:inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
4785:Prolactin-releasing peptide
3470:G protein-coupled receptors
1781:The Journal of Neuroscience
1617:From the following article:
1075:levels in bonnet macaques (
822:2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate
793:, or cAMP, by activating a
739:increasing in this way the
157:seven transmembrane domains
148:and in peripheral tissues.
82:G-protein-coupled receptors
7434:
2740:Journal of Neurophysiology
2328:10.2174/157340507781387059
1410:10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.11.007
779:3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine
335:3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine
270:Agonists & Activators
197:of mGluRs is required for
27:Type of glutamate receptor
7373:
6912:LY-404,039 (pomaglumetad)
6759:LY-404,039 (pomaglumetad)
6257:
6239:
6050:
6026:
5592:
5574:
3494:
3476:
3014:10.1016/j.mce.2013.09.025
2970:10.1017/S1092852900002157
2839:10.1007/s00213-004-1982-8
2659:10.1007/s00213-003-1582-z
2082:10.1016/j.jns.2004.11.028
890:. All mGluRs except mGluR
797:that inhibits the enzyme
585:
583:
572:
556:
530:
496:
475:
452:
436:
410:
368:
341:
330:
314:
280:
167:. Instead, they activate
6791:JNJ-40411813 (ADX-71149)
6106:Calcium-sensing receptor
5975:Methuselah-like proteins
3429:Medical Subject Headings
1969:Journal of Neurogenetics
1111:, and the production of
801:, which forms cAMP from
120:, and the perception of
4252:Sphingosine-1-phosphate
4140:Hydroxycarboxylic acids
3202:Pharmacological Reviews
2528:10.1073/pnas.1835724100
2466:Neuropsychopharmacology
2398:10.1196/annals.1344.006
2293:10.1089/neu.1997.14.885
1579:10.1073/pnas.1205838109
1450:10.1074/jbc.M112.391458
1256:(subscription required)
6133:Metabotropic glutamate
3393:10.1124/mol.114.097220
2694:Schizophrenia Bulletin
2479:10.1038/sj.npp.1301531
2281:Journal of Neurotrauma
1840:Molecular Pharmacology
1233:10.1515/znc-2002-3-425
991:long term potentiation
785:Group II and Group III
751:for the activation of
683:
184:presynaptic inhibition
153:metabotropic receptors
104:Function and structure
57:
42:
4162:Lysophosphatidic acid
3466:Cell surface receptor
2752:10.1152/jn.00875.2004
2706:10.1093/schbul/sbm062
1079:); acute infusion of
733:endoplasmic reticulum
679:
565:activity and risk of
445:activity and risk of
323:activity and risk of
48:
40:ribbon representation
33:
6087:Vomeronasal receptor
5057:Vomeronasal receptor
1105:aldosterone synthase
1101:adrenocortical cells
995:long term depression
989:They participate in
927:-aspartate receptors
852:allosteric modulator
195:dimeric organization
169:biochemical cascades
161:ionotropic receptors
5980:Parathyroid hormone
3940:signaling molecules
3350:10.1093/ijnp/pyv133
3241:1997Natur.389..502W
3159:1991Natur.349..760M
3108:1987Natur.325..531S
3057:1985Natur.317..717S
2795:1998Sci...281.1349M
2519:2003PNAS..10013668M
2390:2005NYASA1053...55B
1570:2012PNAS..10916342E
1174:(Suppl 1): 104–13.
1136:inositol phosphates
1028:Parkinson's disease
984:synaptic plasticity
980:glutamate receptors
970:neurotransmission.
937:. Proteins called
850:acts as a negative
251:
88:, mGluRs bind with
6129:Glutamate receptor
5514:Protease-activated
3299:10.1039/C6MD00612D
2964:(7): 607–12, 617.
2827:Psychopharmacology
2647:Psychopharmacology
2076:. 229–230: 201–9.
1909:2007-09-15 at the
1398:Veterinary Journal
1091:in those animals.
974:Role in plasticity
826:Biphenylindanone A
684:
461:Biphenylindanone A
249:
70:glutamate receptor
58:
43:
7395:
7394:
7369:
7368:
7318:
7219:
7142:
7038:
6997:
6996:
6690:
6689:
6351:
6350:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6342:
6235:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6022:
6021:
6018:
6017:
5570:
5569:
5566:
5565:
5562:
5561:
4903:
4902:
4290:
4289:
3933:
3932:
3287:Med. Chem. Commun
2789:(5381): 1349–52.
2117:Neuropharmacology
1925:Neuropharmacology
1675:Neuropharmacology
1168:Neuropharmacology
1103:, downregulating
900:entorhinal cortex
700:L-quisqualic acid
669:
668:
188:neurotransmission
182:, for example by
16:(Redirected from
7425:
7418:Protein families
7316:
7296:
7292:
7217:
7197:
7193:
7140:
7125:
7121:
7036:
7021:
7017:
7008:
6872:
6868:
6714:
6710:
6701:
6528:
6524:
6414:
6410:
6401:
6378:
6371:
6364:
6355:
6259:
6241:
6052:
6028:
5594:
5576:
4912:
4299:
4197:Lysophospholipid
3944:
3505:
3500:Neurotransmitter
3496:
3478:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3436:
3414:
3404:
3371:
3361:
3328:
3318:
3269:
3268:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3167:10.1038/349760a0
3142:
3136:
3135:
3116:10.1038/325531a0
3091:
3085:
3084:
3065:10.1038/317717a0
3040:
3034:
3033:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2746:(4): 1989–2001.
2734:
2728:
2727:
2717:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2540:
2530:
2513:(23): 13668–73.
2498:
2492:
2491:
2481:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2440:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2251:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2111:
2102:
2101:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2044:
2020:
2014:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1920:
1914:
1900:
1891:
1890:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1837:
1828:
1815:
1814:
1804:
1772:
1753:
1752:
1716:
1707:
1706:
1670:
1661:
1660:
1624:
1618:
1611:
1602:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1506:
1483:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1462:
1452:
1443:(39): 32354–66.
1428:
1422:
1421:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1347:
1316:
1315:
1278:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1251:. Archived from
1218:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1162:
1099:(GRM3) of human
1005:Roles in disease
799:adenylyl cyclase
753:protein kinase C
737:calcium channels
711:phosphoinositide
252:
98:neurotransmitter
68:, are a type of
54:
53:
21:
7433:
7432:
7428:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7422:
7413:Protein domains
7398:
7397:
7396:
7391:
7365:
7294:
7291:
7281:
7195:
7192:
7182:
7123:
7120:
7110:
7019:
7016:
6993:
6870:
6867:
6857:
6712:
6709:
6686:
6578:Quisqualic acid
6526:
6523:
6513:
6444:Quisqualic acid
6412:
6409:
6390:
6382:
6352:
6339:
6323:
6253:
6227:
6114:
6092:
6046:
6014:
5896:
5773:
5588:
5558:
5445:
5062:
4899:
4505:Cholecystokinin
4409:
4286:
4115:Free fatty acid
4055:
3939:
3938:Metabolites and
3929:
3769:
3674:
3571:
3490:
3472:
3463:
3421:
3374:
3331:
3280:
3277:
3275:Further reading
3272:
3235:(6650): 502–4.
3226:
3225:
3221:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3153:(6312): 760–5.
3144:
3143:
3139:
3102:(6104): 531–3.
3093:
3092:
3088:
3051:(6039): 717–9.
3042:
3041:
3037:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2914:Nature Medicine
2910:
2909:
2905:
2876:(2–3): 302–12.
2867:
2866:
2862:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2653:(3–4): 215–33.
2643:
2642:
2638:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2431:(5): 2298–305.
2425:Cancer Research
2418:
2417:
2413:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2249:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2113:
2112:
2105:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2008:
2004:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1911:Wayback Machine
1901:
1894:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1835:
1830:
1829:
1818:
1787:(19): 7503–22.
1774:
1773:
1756:
1718:
1717:
1710:
1672:
1671:
1664:
1641:10.1038/nrd1630
1626:
1625:
1621:
1612:
1605:
1564:(40): 16342–7.
1551:
1550:
1546:
1517:(1–2): 212–24.
1508:
1507:
1486:
1480:
1476:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1395:
1394:
1387:
1349:
1348:
1319:
1280:
1279:
1270:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1227:(3–4): 348–55.
1216:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1164:
1163:
1148:
1144:
1132:
1089:stress response
1066:
1055:
1042:(also known as
1025:
1017:
1013:
1007:
976:
933:process called
916:
908:
893:
888:caudate nucleus
877:
868:
861:
857:
845:
841:
787:
729:diacyl glycerol
721:plasma membrane
709:C to hydrolyze
693:
689:
681:Quisqualic acid
674:
664:
660:
648:
639:
635:
623:
614:
610:
598:
581:
553:
549:
537:
525:
521:
509:
494:
473:
433:
429:
417:
393:
381:
339:
299:
287:
247:
240:
236:
220:
216:
211:
142:cerebral cortex
106:
51:
50:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7431:
7429:
7421:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7400:
7399:
7393:
7392:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7329:
7328:
7313:
7308:
7299:
7297:
7289:
7283:
7282:
7280:
7279:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7228:
7227:
7222:
7214:
7209:
7200:
7198:
7190:
7184:
7183:
7181:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7146:
7145:
7137:
7128:
7126:
7118:
7112:
7111:
7109:
7108:
7103:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7074:
7073:
7068:
7056:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7033:
7024:
7022:
7014:
7005:
6999:
6998:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6991:
6986:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6875:
6873:
6865:
6859:
6858:
6856:
6855:
6850:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6794:
6793:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6717:
6715:
6707:
6698:
6692:
6691:
6688:
6687:
6685:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6593:
6592:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6531:
6529:
6521:
6515:
6514:
6512:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6472:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6417:
6415:
6407:
6398:
6392:
6391:
6383:
6381:
6380:
6373:
6366:
6358:
6349:
6348:
6345:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6338:
6337:
6331:
6329:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6265:
6263:
6255:
6254:
6244:
6237:
6236:
6233:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6225:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6200:
6194:
6189:
6180:
6175:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6126:
6120:
6112:
6108:
6102:
6100:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6084:
6083:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6061:
6059:
6048:
6047:
6031:
6024:
6023:
6020:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6012:
6006:
5997:
5992:
5986:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5932:
5926:
5917:
5912:
5906:
5904:
5898:
5897:
5895:
5894:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5783:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5763:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5737:
5736:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5695:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5687:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5661:
5660:
5659:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5632:
5631:
5630:
5629:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5602:
5600:
5590:
5589:
5579:
5572:
5571:
5568:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5556:
5550:
5545:
5536:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5511:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5466:
5461:
5459:Adrenomedullin
5455:
5453:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5443:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5072:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4921:
4919:
4909:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4891:
4886:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4856:
4851:
4842:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4812:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4787:
4782:
4776:
4767:
4762:
4756:
4747:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4714:
4709:
4703:
4694:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4664:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4588:
4579:
4573:
4568:
4559:
4554:
4548:
4543:
4537:Formyl peptide
4534:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4517:
4511:
4502:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4489:
4480:
4474:
4469:
4459:
4454:
4448:
4439:
4433:
4427:
4417:
4415:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4401:
4392:
4386:
4377:
4368:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4343:
4338:
4332:
4323:
4317:
4307:
4305:
4296:
4292:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4279:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4194:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4137:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4096:
4091:
4078:
4069:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4009:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3968:
3962:
3952:
3950:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3892:
3886:
3881:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3808:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3767:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3742:
3736:
3731:
3722:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3684:
3682:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3607:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3581:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3548:
3543:
3534:
3528:
3523:
3513:
3511:
3502:
3492:
3491:
3481:
3474:
3473:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3420:
3419:External links
3417:
3416:
3415:
3387:(1): 188–202.
3381:Mol. Pharmacol
3372:
3329:
3293:(3): 501–515.
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3219:
3188:
3137:
3086:
3035:
2991:
2947:
2926:10.1038/nm1632
2903:
2860:
2816:
2773:
2729:
2680:
2636:
2601:
2552:
2493:
2472:(7): 1603–10.
2452:
2411:
2368:
2333:
2322:(3): 186–205.
2306:
2287:(12): 885–95.
2271:
2237:
2210:(9): 1906–13.
2193:
2150:
2123:(8): 1089–98.
2103:
2064:
2015:
2002:
1958:
1931:(8): 1419–23.
1915:
1892:
1873:(1–2): 18–33.
1857:
1846:(5): 1057–64.
1816:
1754:
1708:
1662:
1619:
1603:
1544:
1511:Brain Research
1484:
1474:
1423:
1385:
1358:(1–2): 88–92.
1352:Brain Research
1317:
1268:
1201:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1131:
1128:
1077:Macaca radiata
1064:
1047:
1023:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1003:
975:
972:
935:excitotoxicity
915:
912:
907:
904:
891:
875:
867:
864:
859:
855:
843:
839:
812:The chemicals
786:
783:
745:diacylglycerol
691:
687:
673:
670:
667:
666:
662:
658:
654:
649:
646:
642:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
621:
617:
616:
612:
608:
604:
599:
596:
592:
591:
584:
582:
580:
579:
573:
571:
570:
569:
567:excitotoxicity
555:
551:
547:
543:
538:
535:
532:
528:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
507:
503:
502:
495:
493:
492:
487:
482:
476:
474:
472:
471:
465:
464:
463:
458:
451:
450:
449:
447:excitotoxicity
435:
431:
427:
423:
418:
415:
412:
408:
407:
391:
387:
382:
379:
375:
374:
367:
366:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
338:
337:
331:
329:
328:
327:
325:excitotoxicity
313:
297:
293:
288:
285:
282:
278:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
246:
243:
238:
234:
218:
214:
210:
209:Classification
207:
155:, mGluRs have
105:
102:
78:group C family
55:-Glutamic acid
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7430:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7405:
7403:
7390:
7389:
7385:
7381:
7378:
7372:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7331:
7330:
7327:
7324:
7320:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7301:
7300:
7298:
7293:
7284:
7278:
7275:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7230:
7229:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7194:
7185:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7148:
7147:
7144:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7127:
7122:
7113:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7076:
7075:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7026:
7025:
7023:
7018:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7000:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6937:
6936:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6902:Ibotenic acid
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6869:
6860:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6796:
6795:
6792:
6789:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6749:Ibotenic acid
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6719:
6718:
6716:
6711:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6693:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6591:
6588:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6573:Ibotenic acid
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6533:
6532:
6530:
6525:
6516:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6489:Cyclothiazide
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6474:
6473:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6439:Ibotenic acid
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6419:
6418:
6416:
6411:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6386:
6379:
6374:
6372:
6367:
6365:
6360:
6359:
6356:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6330:
6326:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6270:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6248:
6242:
6238:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6204:
6201:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6127:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6115:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6099:
6095:
6088:
6085:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6041:
6038:
6034:
6029:
6025:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5905:
5903:
5899:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5788:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5780:
5776:
5768:
5765:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5741:
5738:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5696:
5692:
5689:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5641:
5638:
5637:
5636:
5633:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5586:
5582:
5577:
5573:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5452:
5448:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5071:
5069:
5065:
5058:
5055:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4913:
4910:
4908:Miscellaneous
4906:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4538:
4535:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4422:
4421:Anaphylatoxin
4419:
4418:
4416:
4412:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4160:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4058:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3998:Prostaglandin
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3936:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3782:
3781:Acetylcholine
3779:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3488:
3484:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3455:
3453:
3448:
3446:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3344:(5): pyv133.
3343:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3249:10.1038/39062
3246:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3223:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3192:
3189:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3141:
3138:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3039:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2995:
2992:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2958:CNS Spectrums
2951:
2948:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2920:(9): 1102–7.
2919:
2915:
2907:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2864:
2861:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2820:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2777:
2774:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2733:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2700:(4): 848–52.
2699:
2695:
2691:
2684:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2640:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2605:
2602:
2597:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2572:(6): 955–62.
2571:
2567:
2563:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2497:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2412:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2372:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2337:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2307:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2275:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2260:(1): 112–20.
2259:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2197:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2166:(1): 138–43.
2165:
2161:
2154:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2068:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2035:(3): 583–92.
2034:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:(4): 152–66.
1974:
1970:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:(2): 287–98.
1726:
1722:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1681:(7): 856–65.
1680:
1676:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1635:(2): 131–44.
1634:
1630:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1548:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1404:(2): 278–86.
1403:
1399:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1290:(3): 277–85.
1289:
1285:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1258:on 2005-10-27
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1021:
1004:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
985:
981:
973:
971:
969:
965:
960:
957:
955:
953:
949:
942:
940:
936:
932:
928:
926:
922:
913:
911:
905:
903:
901:
897:
889:
885:
881:
872:
865:
863:
853:
849:
837:
833:
829:
827:
823:
819:
816:(DCG-IV) and
815:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
784:
782:
780:
775:
773:
769:
765:
761:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
719:
715:
714:phospholipids
712:
708:
707:phospholipase
705:
701:
697:
682:
678:
671:
665:
655:
653:
650:
644:
643:
640:
630:
628:
625:
619:
618:
615:
605:
603:
600:
594:
593:
589:
578:
575:
574:
568:
564:
563:NMDA receptor
561:
558:
557:
554:
544:
542:
539:
533:
529:
526:
516:
514:
511:
505:
504:
500:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
470:
467:
466:
462:
459:
457:
454:
453:
448:
444:
443:NMDA receptor
441:
438:
437:
434:
424:
422:
419:
413:
409:
406:
402:
398:
394:
388:
386:
383:
377:
376:
372:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
343:
342:
336:
333:
332:
326:
322:
321:NMDA receptor
319:
316:
315:
312:
308:
304:
300:
294:
292:
289:
283:
279:
276:Synapse site
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
257:
254:
253:
244:
242:
232:
231:
226:
225:
208:
206:
204:
200:
196:
191:
189:
185:
181:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
103:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
56:
47:
41:
37:
32:
19:
7376:
7375:
7333:Antagonists:
7332:
7322:
7302:
7273:
7232:Antagonists:
7231:
7203:
7150:Antagonists:
7149:
7131:
7078:Antagonists:
7077:
7062:
7027:
6980:
6939:Antagonists:
6938:
6932:Talaglumetad
6878:
6844:
6798:Antagonists:
6797:
6787:
6784:Talaglumetad
6720:
6657:Dipraglurant
6652:Basimglurant
6643:
6597:Antagonists:
6596:
6586:
6534:
6476:Antagonists:
6475:
6420:
6384:
6132:
6097:
6064:
6039:
6037:Metabotropic
5901:
5786:
5739:
5697:
5663:
5634:
5605:
5450:
5075:
4924:
4875:Urotensin-II
4815:Somatostatin
4770:Prokineticin
4667:Melanocortin
4370:
4303:Neuropeptide
4242:Oxoglutarate
4084:
4046:Prostacyclin
4015:
4002:
3955:
3843:GHB receptor
3744:
3687:
3384:
3380:
3341:
3337:
3290:
3286:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3205:
3201:
3191:
3150:
3146:
3140:
3099:
3095:
3089:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3008:(1): 170–7.
3005:
3001:
2994:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2917:
2913:
2906:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2833:(1): 303–9.
2830:
2826:
2819:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2743:
2739:
2732:
2697:
2693:
2683:
2650:
2646:
2639:
2617:(1): 78–93.
2614:
2610:
2604:
2569:
2565:
2555:
2510:
2506:
2496:
2469:
2465:
2455:
2428:
2424:
2414:
2384:(1): 55–73.
2381:
2377:
2371:
2349:(1): 173–4.
2346:
2342:
2336:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2257:
2253:
2240:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2120:
2116:
2073:
2067:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2005:
1972:
1968:
1961:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1870:
1866:
1860:
1843:
1839:
1784:
1780:
1724:
1720:
1678:
1674:
1632:
1628:
1622:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1514:
1510:
1477:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1401:
1397:
1355:
1351:
1287:
1283:
1260:. Retrieved
1253:the original
1224:
1220:
1171:
1167:
1133:
1061:serotonergic
1034:, a type of
1008:
988:
977:
964:dopaminergic
961:
958:
951:
947:
943:
939:PDZ proteins
924:
920:
917:
909:
884:hypothalamus
873:
869:
866:Localization
830:
811:
806:
788:
776:
757:
685:
587:
559:
498:
439:
370:
317:
273:Antagonists
228:
222:
212:
192:
180:excitability
173:ion channels
165:ion channels
150:
107:
74:metabotropic
65:
61:
59:
38:(Type 2) in
7059:VU-0155,041
6984:Decoglurant
6848:Decoglurant
6682:Raseglurant
6630:Remeglurant
6615:Mavoglurant
6479:BAY 36-7620
5745:Latrophilin
4880:Vasopressin
4865:Thyrotropin
4442:Angiotensin
4395:Neurotensin
4072:Cannabinoid
4051:Thromboxane
3208:(1): 7–61.
1120:aldosterone
978:Like other
896:hippocampus
358:Mavoglurant
258:Receptors
201:induced by
151:Like other
134:hippocampus
7402:Categories
7326:AZ12216052
7066:Foliglurax
7054:VU-001,171
6967:LY-341,495
6962:LY-307,452
6917:LY-487,379
6907:LY-379,268
6826:LY-341,495
6821:LY-307,452
6769:LY-566,332
6764:LY-487,379
6754:LY-379,268
6610:LY-344,545
6590:LSN2463359
6499:LY-456,236
6494:LY-367,385
6388:modulators
6335:Smoothened
6328:Smoothened
6251:Smoothened
5910:Calcitonin
4845:Tachykinin
4742:, but not
4736:Nociceptin
4602:Kisspeptin
4520:Endothelin
4483:Bradykinin
4371:Neuromedin
3948:Eicosanoid
3577:Purinergic
3509:Adrenergic
2250:(abstract)
2009:InterPro.
1836:(abstract)
1262:2005-10-08
1142:References
968:adrenergic
954:-aspartate
931:neurotoxic
832:LY-341,495
764:K channels
727:(IP3) and
696:amino acid
531:Group III
490:LY-341,495
344:YM 298 198
264:Mechanism
140:, and the
138:cerebellum
94:amino acid
7377:See also:
7311:Glutamate
7303:Agonists:
7225:LSP2-9166
7212:Glutamate
7204:Agonists:
7135:Glutamate
7132:Agonists:
7044:LSP2-9166
7031:Glutamate
7028:Agonists:
7003:Group III
6989:RO4491533
6897:Glutamate
6892:Eglumegad
6879:Agonists:
6853:RO4491533
6744:Glutamate
6739:Eglumegad
6721:Agonists:
6568:Glutamate
6543:ADX-47273
6535:Agonists:
6459:Ro67-7476
6454:Ro67-4853
6449:Ro01-6128
6434:Glutamate
6421:Agonists:
6245:Class F:
6044:pheromone
6040:glutamate
5464:Olfactory
4500:Chemokine
4282:Succinate
4067:Bile acid
3875:Melatonin
3848:Histamine
3688:(all but
3680:Serotonin
3585:Adenosine
3487:Rhodopsin
3307:2040-2503
3265:205026915
1997:207440972
1087:-induced
1085:yohimbine
1046:, an mGlu
1044:Eglumegad
1032:Fragile X
1001:binding.
858:and mGluR
848:RO4491533
842:and mGluR
818:eglumegad
795:G protein
741:cytosolic
690:and mGluR
590:synaptic
501:synaptic
456:eglumegad
411:Group II
405:glutamate
373:synaptic
311:glutamate
267:Function
237:and mGluR
199:signaling
177:synapse's
90:glutamate
86:receptors
7361:UBP-1112
7277:ADX71743
7265:UBP-1112
7178:UBP-1112
7106:UBP-1112
6977:MGS-0039
6922:MGS-0028
6836:MGS-0039
6774:MGS-0028
6696:Group II
6640:SIB-1893
6635:SIB-1757
6625:NPS-2390
6509:NPS-2390
6469:Theanine
6269:Frizzled
6262:Frizzled
6247:Frizzled
6089:, type 2
5995:Secretin
5935:Glucagon
5640:Cadherin
5598:Adhesion
5585:Secretin
4918:, bitter
4765:Oxytocin
4462:Bombesin
4110:Estrogen
3811:Dopamine
3411:25808929
3368:26647381
3325:30108768
3214:10049997
3022:24080311
2978:15573025
2934:17767166
2898:13040014
2890:10719157
2855:29731346
2847:15309376
2760:15590730
2724:17567628
2675:25800929
2667:12955285
2631:20303363
2596:18093519
2547:14593202
2488:17712352
2447:17332361
2406:16179509
2266:10381766
2232:10181885
2188:24122616
2145:23848439
2098:39812016
2090:15760640
2059:16429070
2051:10433269
1989:22091727
1953:23923192
1945:21903115
1907:Archived
1887:12531512
1749:20086782
1741:12117582
1703:19635322
1695:11378156
1657:15037387
1649:15665858
1598:22988116
1539:37860848
1531:15451384
1482:297-303.
1469:22846993
1418:16376594
1380:16433806
1372:11011009
1312:19402633
1304:11099787
1249:23172710
1241:12064739
1196:25980146
1188:16005029
1124:cortisol
1116:steroids
1093:LY354740
1081:LY354740
1073:cortisol
1040:LY354740
950:-methyl-
923:-methyl-
880:thalamus
854:of mGluR
836:MGS-0039
807:activity
749:cofactor
560:Decrease
440:Decrease
318:Increase
281:Group I
245:Overview
217:to mGluR
203:agonists
130:synapses
110:learning
6667:GRN-529
6662:Fenobam
6647:AZD9272
6583:VU-1545
6484:CPCCOEt
6396:Group I
6058:, sweet
6033:Class C
5965:PACAPR1
5581:Class B
4790:Relaxin
4712:Motilin
4597:Ghrelin
4562:Galanin
4295:Peptide
3483:Class A
3402:4468636
3359:4886670
3316:6072351
3257:9333240
3237:Bibcode
3183:4325501
3175:1847995
3155:Bibcode
3132:4364831
3124:2880300
3104:Bibcode
3081:3192974
3073:2865680
3053:Bibcode
3030:3357749
2986:6029856
2942:6417333
2811:9721099
2791:Bibcode
2783:Science
2768:5472650
2715:2632315
2587:2199268
2515:Bibcode
2386:Bibcode
2363:1397046
2301:9475370
2224:8528465
2180:8713457
2137:8532158
1852:7746273
1811:9295396
1802:6573434
1589:3479612
1566:Bibcode
1460:3463364
1130:History
1113:adrenal
1109:CYP11B1
1057:agonist
999:agonist
716:in the
698:analog
672:Group I
586:mainly
497:mainly
369:mainly
363:Lithium
255:Family
132:of the
126:neurons
118:anxiety
7270:XAP044
7207:AMN082
6887:DCG-IV
6882:CBiPES
6841:PCCG-4
6734:DCG-IV
6729:CBiPES
6249:&
6178:GPRC6A
5915:CALCRL
5779:Orphan
5068:Orphan
5059:type 1
4750:Orexin
4738:&
4717:Opioid
4457:Apelin
3431:(MeSH)
3409:
3399:
3366:
3356:
3323:
3313:
3305:
3263:
3255:
3229:Nature
3212:
3181:
3173:
3147:Nature
3130:
3122:
3096:Nature
3079:
3071:
3045:Nature
3028:
3020:
2984:
2976:
2940:
2932:
2896:
2888:
2853:
2845:
2809:
2766:
2758:
2722:
2712:
2673:
2665:
2629:
2594:
2584:
2566:Neuron
2545:
2538:263871
2535:
2486:
2445:
2404:
2361:
2299:
2264:
2230:
2222:
2186:
2178:
2143:
2135:
2096:
2088:
2057:
2049:
2029:Neuron
1995:
1987:
1951:
1943:
1885:
1850:
1809:
1799:
1747:
1739:
1701:
1693:
1655:
1647:
1596:
1586:
1537:
1529:
1467:
1457:
1416:
1378:
1370:
1310:
1302:
1247:
1239:
1194:
1186:
1170:. 49.
1118:(i.e.
1036:autism
718:cell's
704:enzyme
469:DCG-IV
114:memory
66:mGluRs
7288:mGluR
7245:MMPIP
7189:mGluR
7117:mGluR
7049:PHCCC
7013:mGluR
6957:HYDIA
6947:CECXG
6942:APICA
6864:mGluR
6816:HYDIA
6806:CECXG
6801:APICA
6706:mGluR
6605:DMeOB
6548:CDPPB
6520:mGluR
6464:VU-71
6406:mGluR
6098:Other
6065:TAS1R
6056:Taste
5954:GLP2R
5949:GLP1R
5902:Other
5767:ELTD1
5740:ADGRL
5698:ADGRG
5664:ADGRE
5635:ADGRC
5606:ADGRB
5587:-like
5469:Opsin
5451:Other
4925:TAS2R
4916:Taste
4744:Sigma
4726:Kappa
4721:Delta
4429:C5a (
4414:Other
4060:Other
3988:FPRL1
3956:CysLT
3774:Other
3725:5-HT2
3695:5-HT1
3690:5-HT3
3489:-like
3261:S2CID
3179:S2CID
3128:S2CID
3077:S2CID
3026:S2CID
2982:S2CID
2938:S2CID
2894:S2CID
2851:S2CID
2764:S2CID
2671:S2CID
2228:S2CID
2184:S2CID
2141:S2CID
2094:S2CID
2055:S2CID
1993:S2CID
1949:S2CID
1745:S2CID
1699:S2CID
1653:S2CID
1535:S2CID
1376:S2CID
1308:S2CID
1245:S2CID
1217:(PDF)
1192:S2CID
1010:mGluR
906:Roles
645:mGluR
620:mGluR
595:mGluR
577:L-AP4
534:mGluR
506:mGluR
480:APICA
414:mGluR
378:mGluR
284:mGluR
261:Gene
146:brain
92:, an
64:, or
36:dimer
7356:MTPG
7351:MSOP
7346:MPPG
7341:MAP4
7336:CPPG
7319:-AP4
7306:DCPG
7260:MTPG
7255:MSOP
7250:MPPG
7240:MAP4
7235:CPPG
7220:-AP4
7173:MTPG
7168:MSOP
7163:MPPG
7158:MAP4
7153:CPPG
7143:-AP4
7101:MTPG
7096:MSOP
7091:MPPG
7086:MAP4
7081:CPPG
7071:MPEP
7039:-AP4
6972:MCPG
6952:EGLU
6831:MCPG
6811:EGLU
6724:BINA
6677:MTEP
6672:MPEP
6620:MCPG
6600:CTEP
6563:DHPG
6553:CHPG
6538:ACPD
6504:MCPG
6429:DHPG
6424:ACPD
6203:RAIG
6111:GABA
5944:GIPR
5691:CD97
5539:SREB
5340:137B
5315:109B
5310:109A
4740:Zeta
4697:MCHR
4477:NMBR
4472:GRPR
4467:BRS3
4105:EBI2
3971:LTB4
3895:TAAR
3745:5-HT
3407:PMID
3364:PMID
3321:PMID
3303:ISSN
3253:PMID
3210:PMID
3171:PMID
3120:PMID
3069:PMID
3018:PMID
2974:PMID
2930:PMID
2886:PMID
2843:PMID
2807:PMID
2756:PMID
2720:PMID
2663:PMID
2627:PMID
2592:PMID
2543:PMID
2484:PMID
2443:PMID
2402:PMID
2382:1053
2359:PMID
2297:PMID
2262:PMID
2220:PMID
2176:PMID
2133:PMID
2086:PMID
2047:PMID
1985:PMID
1941:PMID
1883:PMID
1848:PMID
1807:PMID
1737:PMID
1691:PMID
1645:PMID
1594:PMID
1527:PMID
1515:1024
1465:PMID
1414:PMID
1368:PMID
1300:PMID
1237:PMID
1184:PMID
1122:and
993:and
966:and
898:and
886:and
834:and
762:and
652:GRM8
627:GRM7
602:GRM6
541:GRM4
513:GRM3
485:EGLU
421:GRM2
385:GRM5
371:post
353:MPEP
348:MTEP
291:GRM1
230:GRM8
224:GRM1
122:pain
60:The
6558:DFB
6197:179
6192:158
6187:156
6183:GPR
5970:GPR
5891:157
5886:155
5881:144
5876:143
5871:133
5866:128
5861:126
5856:125
5851:124
5846:123
5841:116
5836:115
5831:114
5826:113
5821:112
5816:111
5811:110
5787:GPR
5669:EMR
5508:RRH
5503:RGR
5498:1SW
5493:1MW
5488:1LW
5440:183
5435:182
5430:177
5425:176
5420:174
5415:173
5410:171
5405:162
5400:161
5395:160
5390:153
5385:152
5380:151
5375:150
5370:149
5365:148
5360:146
5355:142
5350:141
5345:139
5335:135
5330:132
5325:120
5320:119
5305:103
5300:101
5076:GPR
4612:MAS
4557:FSH
4425:C3a
4311:B/W
4247:PAF
4099:119
4085:GPR
4081:CB2
4076:CB1
4037:),
4014:),
3993:OXE
3610:P2Y
3599:A2B
3594:A2A
3397:PMC
3389:doi
3354:PMC
3346:doi
3311:PMC
3295:doi
3245:doi
3233:389
3163:doi
3151:349
3112:doi
3100:325
3061:doi
3049:317
3010:doi
3006:382
2966:doi
2922:doi
2878:doi
2835:doi
2831:179
2799:doi
2787:281
2748:doi
2710:PMC
2702:doi
2655:doi
2651:169
2619:doi
2615:127
2582:PMC
2574:doi
2533:PMC
2523:doi
2511:100
2474:doi
2433:doi
2394:doi
2351:doi
2347:219
2324:doi
2289:doi
2258:290
2212:doi
2168:doi
2125:doi
2078:doi
2037:doi
1977:doi
1933:doi
1875:doi
1871:109
1797:PMC
1789:doi
1729:doi
1683:doi
1637:doi
1584:PMC
1574:doi
1562:109
1519:doi
1455:PMC
1445:doi
1441:287
1406:doi
1402:173
1360:doi
1356:879
1292:doi
1229:doi
1176:doi
1126:).
1065:2/3
1016:2/3
803:ATP
588:pre
499:pre
403:, ↓
399:, ↑
395:, ↑
309:, ↓
305:, ↑
301:, ↑
227:to
186:of
128:in
80:of
7404::
7386:•
7382:•
7321:;
7272:;
7061:;
6979:;
6843:;
6786:;
6642:;
6585:;
6318:10
6174:))
6042:/
6035::
5939:GR
5806:98
5801:97
5796:64
5791:56
5583::
5295:92
5290:88
5285:87
5280:85
5275:84
5270:83
5265:82
5260:81
5255:78
5250:75
5245:68
5240:65
5235:63
5230:62
5225:61
5220:55
5215:52
5210:50
5205:45
5200:44
5195:42
5190:39
5185:37
5180:35
5175:34
5170:33
5165:32
5160:31
5155:27
5150:26
5145:25
5140:23
5135:22
5130:21
5125:20
5120:19
5115:18
5110:17
5105:15
5100:12
5050:60
5045:50
5040:46
5035:45
5030:43
5025:42
5020:41
5015:40
5010:39
5005:38
5000:31
4995:30
4990:20
4985:19
4980:16
4975:14
4970:13
4965:10
4889:1B
4884:1A
4731:Mu
4661:X4
4656:X3
4651:X2
4646:X1
4621:1L
4492:B2
4487:B1
4438:))
4391:))
4326:FF
4101:))
4094:55
4089:18
4083:,
4039:FP
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