29:
402:
Jamsheer A, Zemojtel T, Kolanczyk M, Stricker S, Hecht J, Krawitz P, et al. (September 2013). "Whole exome sequencing identifies FGF16 nonsense mutations as the cause of X-linked recessive metacarpal 4/5 fusion".
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131:
There are usually no serious health complications associated with this condition, although severe cases which also involve syndactyly might interfere with hand function.
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852:"Identification of three novel FGF16 mutations in X-linked recessive fusion of the fourth and fifth metacarpals and possible correlation with heart disease"
583:"Identification of three novel FGF16 mutations in X-linked recessive fusion of the fourth and fifth metacarpals and possible correlation with heart disease"
359:
Lonardo F, Della Monica M, Riccardi G, Riccio I, Riccio V, Scarano G (February 2004). "A family with X-linked recessive fusion of metacarpals IV and V".
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The fusion of two or more metacarpal bones is the characteristic feature of this malformation, however this itself causes more symptoms, such as
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A large family has been described as having nonsense mutations of the FGF16 gene which resulted in metacarpal synostosis and, unexpectedly, in
28:
487:
Jones B, Byers H, Watson JS, Newman WG (July 2014). "Identification of a novel familial FGF16 mutation in metacarpal 4-5 fusion".
719:
Elalaoui, Siham Chafai; Jdioui, Wafae; Guaoua, Soukaina; Jaouad, Imane
Cherkaoui; Madhi, Tarik; Sefiani, Abdelaziz (2015-01-06).
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Annerén G, Amilon A (August 1994). "X-linked recessive fusion of metacarpals IV and V and hypoplastic metacarpal V".
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754:"Correction of 4th and 5th metacarpal synostosis in a skeletally mature hand using de-rotational osteotomies"
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Laurell T, Nilsson D, Hofmeister W, Lindstrand A, Ahituv N, Vandermeer J, et al. (September 2014).
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Laurell T, Nilsson D, Hofmeister W, Lindstrand A, Ahituv N, Vandermeer J, et al. (September 2014).
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is a rare congenital difference which is characterized by the fusion of 2 (or, in rare cases, more)
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281:"Metacarpals 4 and 5 fusion - About the Disease - Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center"
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721:"Report of the First Moroccan Case of Fusion of Metacarpals 4/5 and Review of the Literature"
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This condition is thought to affect approximately 0.02% to 0.07% of the general population.
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metacarpals is caused by X-linked recessive mutations (alterations or duplications) in the
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of the hand, which are usually shortened. It is most commonly seen as a fusion of the
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107:. Autosomal dominant and X-linked recessive inheritance patterns have been reported.
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Metacarpal synostosis affecting the fourth and fifth metacarpals of a left hand with
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The following diagnostic methods can be used for metacarpal synostosis:
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Treatment for this malformation typically involves the following:
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rare, less than 0.07% of the population is born with this trait
233:(for lengthening of shortened metacarpals, usually the fifth)
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Gottschalk MB, Danilevich M, Gottschalk HP (September 2016).
448:"Metacarpal 4-5 fusion with X-linked recessive inheritance"
803:"Carpal Coalitions and Metacarpal Synostoses: A Review"
226:(for splitting/separating the synostosic metacarpals)
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has metacarpal and metatarsal synostosis as symptoms.
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Buck-Gramcko, Dieter; Wood, Virchel E. (1993-07-01).
330:"[Familial synostosis of metacarpi IV and V]"
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66:
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758:Case Reports in Plastic Surgery & Hand Surgery
446:Holmes LB, Wolf E, Miettinen OS (September 1972).
158:It is a feature of various rare disorders such as
305:"OMIM Entry #309630 - Metacarpal 4-5 Fusion; MF4"
334:Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Ihre Grenzgebiete
906:Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system
8:
725:International Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
361:American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A
752:Liao CD, Yamin F, Simpson RL (2022-12-31).
704:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
99:metacarpals. It is a type of non-syndromic
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856:Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine
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587:Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine
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328:Habighorst LV, Albers P (November 1965).
635:"The treatment of metacarpal synostosis"
177:A syndromic form of syndactyly known as
121:shortening of the fused metacarpal bones
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558:"Kegg Disease: Metacarpal 4-5 fusion"
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680:RESERVED, INSERM US14-- ALL RIGHTS.
524:American Journal of Medical Genetics
452:American Journal of Human Genetics
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239:4. Tendon transposition (for the
139:The variant of MS that fuses the
1:
770:10.1080/23320885.2021.2011290
417:10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-101659
241:extensor digiti minimi quinti
170:, metatarsal synostosis, and
682:"Orphanet: Search a disease"
651:10.1016/0363-5023(93)90292-B
501:10.1097/MCD.0000000000000043
639:The Journal of Hand Surgery
405:Journal of Medical Genetics
236:3. Ligament reconstruction
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285:rarediseases.info.nih.gov
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819:10.1177/1558944715614860
536:10.1002/ajmg.1320520230
489:Clinical Dysmorphology
204:Whole exome sequencing
85:Metacarpal synostosis
22:Metacarpal synostosis
373:10.1002/ajmg.a.20382
194:Physical examination
111:Signs and symptoms
738:10.14740/ijcp176e
209:Sanger sequencing
179:syndactyly type V
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255:Associations
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247:Epidemiology
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153:chromosome X
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117:clinodactyly
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172:polydactyly
89:metacarpals
691:2022-09-10
567:2022-06-09
314:2022-06-09
290:2022-06-09
267:References
231:Bone graft
168:cleft hand
164:syndactyly
105:synostosis
101:syndactyly
659:0363-5023
224:Osteotomy
215:Treatment
185:Diagnosis
151:gene, in
67:Frequency
46:Specialty
900:Category
886:25333065
837:27698627
788:34993272
700:cite web
617:25333065
509:24878828
425:23709756
381:14735591
309:omim.org
877:4190875
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667:8394398
608:4190875
544:7802024
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389:9168511
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40:type V.
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135:Causes
75:Deaths
57:Causes
429:S2CID
385:S2CID
149:FGF16
882:PMID
833:PMID
807:Hand
784:PMID
706:link
663:PMID
655:ISSN
613:PMID
540:PMID
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421:PMID
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365:124A
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143:and
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
