43:
443:
The effectual prohibition of the manufacture, sale, and use of intoxicating liquors would be emancipation from the greatest curse that now afflicts our race. The total removal of the cause of intemperance is the only remedy. This is the greatest moral question now before our people.... Resolved, That the time has now come when the church, through its press and pulpit, its individual and organized agencies, should speak out in strong language and stronger action in favor of the total removal of this great evil.
422:
343:, bought a woman. Fearing that she would end up with an inhumane owner if sold, Andrew kept her but let her work independently. The 1840 MEC General Conference considered the matter, but did not expel Andrew. Four years later, Andrew married a woman who owned a slave inherited from her mother, making the bishop the owner of two people. As bishop, he was considered to have obligations both in the North and South and was criticized for owning slaves.
790:
1716:
448:
social prestige in a highly visible community leadership position. These ministers turned the pulpit into a profession, thus emulating the
Presbyterians and Episcopalians. They created increasingly complex denominational bureaucracies to meet a series of pressing needs: defending slavery, evangelizing soldiers during the Civil War, promoting temperance reform, contributing to foreign missions (see
347:
the mid-19th century were also dividing the
Methodist Episcopal Church. The 1844 dispute led Methodists in the South to break off and form a separate denomination, the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (MEC,S). Delegates from the southern conferences met at a Convention at the Fourth Street Church in Louisville, Kentucky, May 1–19, 1845, and organized the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
452:), and supporting local colleges. The new urban middle-class ministry increasingly left their country cousins far behind. As the historian of the transformation explains, "Denomination building—that is, the bureaucratization of religion in the late antebellum South—was an inherently innovative and forward-looking task. It was, in a word, modern."
695:. Renamed "Columbia College", it opened September 24, 1900 under Methodist leadership. Due to declining enrollment and lack of funds, the school was closed in 1925. First year enrollment was 131 pupils, under Dean W.C. Howard. The original wood building was replaced in 1910 by a four-story stone building. It has been adapted for use as the
442:
The public has awakened to the necessity of both legal and moral suasion to control the great evils stimulated and fostered by the liquor traffic. We recognize in the license system a sin against society. Its essential immorality cannot be affected by the question whether the license be high or low.
346:
The 1844 General
Conference voted to suspend Bishop Andrew from exercising his episcopal office until he was no longer a slave owner. Southern delegates to the conference disputed the authority of a General Conference to discipline bishops. The cultural differences that had divided the nation during
315:
During the early nineteenth century, Methodists and
Baptists in the South began to modify their approach in order to gain support from common planters, and yeomen. They began to argue for better treatment of slaves, saying that the Bible acknowledged slavery but that Christianity had a paternalistic
447:
After 1844 the
Methodists in the South increased their emphasis on an educated clergy. Ambitious young preachers from humble, rural backgrounds attended college, and were often appointed to serve congregations in towns. There they could build larger churches that paid decent salaries; they gained
375:
At
Chickamauga, the slaughter was tremendous on both sides, but the Confederates held the field. I remained on the battlefield eleven days, nursing the sick, ministering to the wounded, and praying for the dying. The sight was awful. Thousands of men killed and wounded. They lay thick all around,
715:, other Methodist denominations still operating in the South, agreed to ordain women either as local elders and deacons (the MEC) or full clergy (the Methodist Protestant Church). The MEC,S did not ordain women as pastors at the time of the 1939 merger that formed the
512:
The colleges were in scarcely better condition, though philanthropy of the late 19th and early 20th centuries dramatically changed their development. Most were primarily high-school level academies offering a few collegiate courses. The dramatic exception was
412:
politics of the AME and AME Zion congregations. It had more than 3,000 churches, more than 1,200 traveling preachers, 2,500 church-based preachers, about 140,000 members, and held 22 annual conferences, presided over by four bishops.
429:
The MEC,S energetically tended its base: in 1880 it had 798,862 members (mostly white), and 1,066,377 in 1886. It expanded its missionary activity in Mexico. Although usually avoiding politics, MEC,S in 1886 denounced
376:
shot in every possible manner, and the wounded dying every day. Among the wounded were many
Federal soldiers. To these I ministered, prayed with them, and wrote letters by flag of truce to their friends in the North.
401:, and attracted hundreds of thousands of new members, from both Baptists and Methodists, and new converts to Christianity. Out of 200,000 African-American members in the MEC,S in 1860, by 1866 only 49,000 remained.
500:
Methodist education had suffered during the Civil War, as most academies were closed. Some recovered in the late 19th century, but demand decreased as public education had been established for the first time by
355:
The statistics for 1859 showed the MEC,S had as enrolled members some 511,601 whites and 197,000 blacks (nearly all of whom were slaves), and 4,200 Indians. In 1858 MEC,S operated 106 schools and colleges.
327:
nearly ceased and, after slave rebellions, the states made them extremely difficult to accomplish. Northern
Methodist congregations increasingly opposed slavery, and some members began to be active in the
1773:
1524:
648:, although they were more like finishing schools or academies until the twentieth century. At that time, they were developed to meet the standards of new accrediting agencies, such as the
1465:
856:
History of the Great
Secession from the Methodist Episcopal Church in the Year 1845: eventuating in the organization of the new church, entitled the "Methodist Episcopal Church, South."
393:
founded in New York, but some also joined the (Northern) Methodist
Episcopal Church, which planted new congregations in the South. The two independent black denominations both sent
1778:
385:
After the Civil War, when African American slaves gained freedom, many left the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. They joined either the independent black denominations of the
1768:
1219:
803:
404:
in 1870, most of the remaining African-American members of the MEC,S split off on friendly terms with white colleagues to form the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, now the
1763:
31:
1788:
1783:
1516:
1247:
449:
265:. Some dissenting congregations from the Methodist Protestant Church also objected to the 1940 merger and continue as a separate denomination, headquartered in
649:
1743:
1544:
1457:
1262:
626:
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In March 1900, the East Columbia Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church-South purchased an existing school called Milton Academy, built by the
1212:
1758:
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1393:
823:
390:
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legislatures across the South. It was generally a segregated system, and racial segregation was established by law for public facilities under
933:
Bailey Kenneth K. "The Post Civil War Racial Separations in Southern Protestantism: Another Look." Church History 46 ( December 1977): 453–73.
732:
1626:
808:
405:
159:
280:, the founder of Methodism, was appalled by slavery in the British colonies. When the Methodist Episcopal Church (MEC) was founded in the
64:
1753:
1205:
1433:
1385:
818:
386:
243:
1508:
86:
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in December 1784, the denomination officially opposed slavery very early. Numerous Methodist missionaries toured the South in the "
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409:
166:
1618:
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154:
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that began in General Robert E. Lee's army and spread throughout the region. Chaplains tended the wounded after the battles.
509:
rules conditions in the late 19th century, after white Democrats regained control of state legislatures in the late 1870s.
1563:
755:. Vanderbilt severed its ties with the denomination in 1914. Duke, Candler, and Perkins maintain a relationship with the
752:
641:
1634:
1290:
1192:
688:
574:
289:
208:
1689:
1571:
1409:
1029:
The Social Gospel in the South: The Woman's Home Mission Movement in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, 1886–1939.
712:
578:
308:, a number did free people from slavery. The number of free blacks increased markedly at this time, especially in the
239:
57:
51:
363:
resulted in widespread destruction of property, including church buildings and institutions, but it was marked by a
257:
In 1940, some more theologically conservative MEC,S congregations, which dissented from the 1939 merger, formed the
242:, which had separated from Methodist Episcopal Church in 1828. The Methodist Church in turn merged in 1968 with the
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813:
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740:
716:
305:
235:
212:
144:
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denominations, but religion is not a test for admittance. The denomination's publishing house, opened in 1854 in
594:
258:
171:
696:
68:
1425:
1180:
700:
1532:
1449:
1377:
1346:
833:
756:
586:
550:
247:
238:, uniting the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, with the older Methodist Episcopal Church and much of the
1441:
1339:
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526:
323:
had enabled profitable cultivation of cotton in new areas of the South, increasing the demand for slaves.
251:
220:
216:
182:
1662:
1269:
760:
514:
231:
127:
215:(MEC). Disagreement on this issue had been increasing in strength for decades between churches of the
1500:
1489:
1311:
1304:
795:
767:
736:
518:
224:
1353:
1297:
645:
368:
336:
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1058:
677:
554:
546:
502:
360:
421:
17:
1175:
408:, taking with them $ 1.5 million in buildings and properties. The new denomination avoided the
1243:
1187:
637:
522:
1171:
All the Divisions in American Methodism, A Look Back in Time from 1771 until 1939 and "Union"
871:
30:
This article is about the former denomination. For individual churches of the same name, see
945:
Protestantism and the New South: North Carolina Baptists and Methodists in Political Crisis.
744:
661:
653:
602:
538:
534:
335:
But, even in the South, Methodist clergy were not supposed to own slaves. In 1840, the Rev.
132:
618:
566:
558:
340:
297:
1188:
History of the great secession from the Methodist Episcopal Church ... By Charles Elliott
1332:
1318:
994:
The Times Were Strange and Stirring: Methodist Preachers and the Crisis of Emancipation
771:
692:
681:
673:
665:
657:
570:
562:
262:
1737:
854:
281:
770:, eventually became the headquarters of the United Methodist Publishing House. See
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329:
309:
1170:
1153:
1132:
Taking Heaven by Storm: Methodism and the Rise of Popular Christianity in America
828:
606:
435:
277:
266:
223:; in 1845 it resulted in a schism at the General Conference of the MEC held in
973:
The Circuit Rider Dismounts: A Social History of Southern Methodism, 1865–1900
785:
763:
630:
320:
110:
1197:
1076:
The Gospel Working Up: Progress and the Pulpit in Nineteenth Century Virginia
1053:
The Sacred Flame of Love: Methodism and Society in Nineteenth-Century Georgia
1255:
775:
614:
521:, with a million-dollar campus and an endowment of $ 900,000, thanks to the
293:
261:, which still exists as a small, conservative denomination headquartered in
204:
120:
1176:
Christian Methodist Episcopal Church (CME Church) ... By Edward A. Hatfield
1120:
Nashville: Publishing House of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, 1937.
952:
The Great Revival, 1787–1805: The Origins of the Southern Evangelical Mind
728:
622:
598:
530:
506:
398:
332:
movement. The southern church accommodated it as part of a legal system.
660:; other Methodist colleges that were formerly women's institutions are
582:
542:
431:
425:
Annual Conferences of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, as of 1901
324:
301:
959:
Ministers and Masters: Methodism, Manhood, and Honor in the Old South.
1097:
Rebuilding Zion: The Religious Reconstruction of the South, 1863–1877
139:
1083:
Gospel of Disunion: Religion and Separatism in the Antebellum South
1062:
Slave Religion: The "Invisible Institution" in the Antebellum South
966:
Religion, Race, and Region: Research Notes on A.M.E. Church History
1090:
On Jordan's Stormy Banks: Evangelicalism in Mississippi, 1773–1876
590:
420:
304:
the people whom they enslaved. In the first two decades after the
285:
1015:
Slavery and Methodism: A Chapter in American Morality, 1780–1845
1201:
727:
The MEC,S was responsible for founding four of the South's top
36:
928:
A History of the Methodist Church, South in the United States
573:—soon to be endowed by the Duke family and change its name;
207:
denomination resulting from the 19th-century split over the
1104:
The Religious Press in the South Atlantic States, 1802–1865
859:. Swormstedt & Poe, for the Methodist Episcopal Church.
644:
in Texas in 1911. The denomination also supported several
1525:
National Association of Congregational Christian Churches
1466:
Lumber River Conference of the Holiness Methodist Church
961:
Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2011.
234:
for nearly 100 years until the formation in 1939 of the
1774:
Methodist denominations established in the 19th century
1001:
Southern Evangelicals and the Social Order, 1800–1860
938:
Southern White Protestantism in the Twentieth Century
853:
Charles Elliott, Methodist Episcopal Church (1855).
804:
Category:American Methodist Episcopal, South bishops
1661:
1606:
1543:
1488:
1363:
1235:
636:The growing need for a theology school west of the
178:
150:
138:
126:
116:
106:
101:
759:. All four enroll students who are primarily from
32:Methodist Episcopal Church, South (disambiguation)
1517:Conservative Congregational Christian Conference
987:Southern Cross: The Beginnings of the Bible Belt
250:, now one of the largest and most widely spread
440:
373:
533:, with its two affiliated fitting-schools and
1458:Pentecostal Holiness Church of North Carolina
1213:
450:American Southern Methodist Episcopal Mission
8:
1779:United Methodist Church predecessor churches
980:The Democratization of American Christianity
968:Nashville, A.M.E. Sunday School Union, 1995.
650:Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
1769:Religious organizations established in 1844
652:. The oldest Methodist woman's college is
1485:
1369:
1220:
1206:
1198:
1046:Early History of the Milton-Freewater Area
1008:Methodism and the Southern Mind, 1770–1810
164:New Congregational Methodist Church (1881)
1764:History of Methodism in the United States
1263:History of Methodism in the United States
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
1789:1845 establishments in the United States
1784:Methodist denominations in North America
1160:, esp. statistical data on p 26 for 1859
640:was not addressed until the founding of
300:" and tried to convince slaveholders to
50:This article includes a list of general
1596:Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection
1588:Bible Methodist Connection of Tennessee
1394:African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
1193:History of Milton and Freewater, Oregon
1048:Valley Herald of Milton-Freewater, 1962
845:
824:African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
391:African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
1580:Bible Methodist Connection of Churches
1474:Kentucky Mountain Holiness Association
1031:Louisiana State University Press, 1982
1003:Louisiana State University Press, 1980
98:
1036:Northern Methodism and Reconstruction
733:Vanderbilt University Divinity School
549:family money was far in the future);
7:
1627:Christian Methodist Episcopal Church
1402:Methodist Episcopal Church of Canada
809:Christian Methodist Episcopal Church
406:Christian Methodist Episcopal Church
160:Christian Methodist Episcopal Church
1635:New Congregational Methodist Church
954:University of Kentucky Press, 1972.
947:University Press of Virginia, 1975.
561:, with its two fitting-schools, in
1386:African Methodist Episcopal Church
1152:Young, David; et al. (1860).
1092:University of Georgia Press, 1994.
1055:University of Georgia Press, 1998.
1024:University of Chicago Press, 1977.
819:African Methodist Episcopal Church
397:to the South after the war to aid
387:African Methodist Episcopal Church
244:Evangelical United Brethren Church
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1744:Methodist Episcopal Church, South
1608:Methodist Episcopal Church, South
1509:Congregational Christian Churches
1085:Cambridge University Press, 1993.
1017:Princeton University Press, 1965.
870:David Young; et al. (1860).
193:Methodist Episcopal Church, South
102:Methodist Episcopal Church, South
1715:
1714:
1146:Sourcebook of American Methodism
1134:. Oxford University Press, 1998.
788:
201:Methodist Episcopal Church South
41:
18:Methodist Episcopal Church South
1619:Congregational Methodist Church
1434:Christ's Sanctified Holy Church
1071:Indiana University Press, 1991.
525:. Much smaller and poorer were
389:founded in Philadelphia or the
155:Congregational Methodist Church
1759:Former Methodist denominations
1674:Reformed Free Methodist Church
1127:Oxford University Press. 2000.
1099:Oxford University Press, 1998.
1064:Oxford University Press, 1978.
711:In the 1930s, the MEC and the
535:Randolph-Macon Woman's College
284:at the "Christmas Conference"
1:
1564:Fire-Baptized Holiness Church
1123:Westerfield Tucker; Karen B.
1111:Virginia Methodism: A History
753:Southern Methodist University
642:Southern Methodist University
455:The returns for 1892 showed:
230:This body maintained its own
1291:Lovely Lane Methodist Church
1106:Duke University Press, 1956.
982:Yale University Press, 1989.
689:Seventh-day Adventist Church
316:role to improve conditions.
288:meeting of ministers at the
1690:Evangelical Wesleyan Church
1572:Missionary Methodist Church
1490:Republican Methodist Church
1410:Methodist Protestant Church
1155:The Methodist Almanac: 1861
996:Duke University Press, 1995
873:The Methodist Almanac: 1861
713:Methodist Protestant Church
417:Growth in late 19th century
240:Methodist Protestant Church
1805:
1754:United Methodism by region
1229:Methodist Episcopal Church
1144:Norwood, Fredrick A., ed.
1125:American Methodist Worship
985:Heyrman, Christine Leigh.
814:Methodist Episcopal Church
749:Perkins School of Theology
741:Candler School of Theology
699:of the combined cities of
459:Traveling preachers: 5,368
306:American Revolutionary War
213:Methodist Episcopal Church
145:Methodist Episcopal Church
29:
1708:
1651:Southern Methodist Church
1643:People's Methodist Church
1545:Wesleyan Methodist Church
1484:
1372:
1116:Watkins, William Turner.
1022:Religion in the Old South
365:series of strong revivals
259:Southern Methodist Church
172:Southern Methodist Church
167:People's Methodist Church
1426:Church of God (Holiness)
1181:New Georgia Encyclopedia
1074:Schweiger; Beth Barton.
1069:Early American Methodism
992:Hildebrand; Reginald F.
701:Milton-Freewater, Oregon
465:White members: 1,282,750
1749:United Methodist Church
1556:Church of Daniel's Band
1533:United Church of Christ
1450:Pilgrim Holiness Church
1378:Evangelical Association
1347:United Methodist Church
1109:Sweet, William Warren.
1006:Lyerly, Cynthia Lynn.
834:United Methodist Church
757:United Methodist Church
474:Total: 1,305,715
471:Indian members: 10,759
371:(1807–1887) recalled:
252:Christian denominations
248:United Methodist Church
71:more precise citations.
1682:United Holiness Church
1442:Church of the Nazarene
1340:Methodist Church (USA)
1326:Second Great Awakening
1102:Stroupe, Henry Smith.
989:Alfred A. Knopf, 1997.
964:Dickerson, Dennis C.,
527:Randolph-Macon College
479:Sunday-schools: 13,426
462:Local preachers: 6,481
445:
426:
378:
221:Southern United States
27:Methodist denomination
1663:Free Methodist Church
1270:First Great Awakening
1051:Owen, Christopher H.
515:Vanderbilt University
424:
339:, a bishop living in
319:The invention of the
1501:Christian Connection
1305:Christmas Conference
1277:Articles of Religion
943:Bode, Frederick A.,
936:Bailey, Kenneth K.,
796:United States portal
768:Nashville, Tennessee
737:Duke Divinity School
545:(as the infusion of
485:SS students: 754,223
468:Colored members: 357
225:Louisville, Kentucky
1354:Mainline Protestant
1095:Stowell, Daniel W.
1059:Raboteau, Albert J.
1027:McDowell, Patrick,
999:Loveland, Anne C.,
971:Farish, Hunter D.,
957:Carney, Charity R.
491:Value: $ 20,287,112
482:SS teachers: 95,204
369:John Berry McFerrin
337:James Osgood Andrew
203:) was the American
978:Hatch, Nathan O.,
926:Alexander; Gross.
886:Alexander pp 71–72
678:Greensboro College
555:Southwest Virginia
503:Reconstruction-era
427:
361:American Civil War
290:Lovely Lane Chapel
1731:
1730:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1118:Out of Aldersgate
1088:Sparks, Randy J.
1067:Richey, Russell.
1034:Morrow; Ralph E.
1020:Mathews, Donald.
1013:Mathews, Donald,
638:Mississippi River
551:Emory & Henry
523:Vanderbilt family
381:African Americans
189:
188:
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1130:Wigger, John H.
1081:Snay, Mitchell.
1041:Orchard, Vance,
950:Boles, John B.,
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745:Emory University
729:divinity schools
717:Methodist Church
670:Columbia College
662:Lagrange College
654:Wesleyan College
646:women's colleges
488:Churches: 12,856
236:Methodist Church
209:issue of slavery
183:Methodist Church
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341:Oxford, Georgia
298:Great Awakening
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246:to form the
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77:October 2014
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1365:Derivatives
1312:Thomas Coke
1184:, 11/8/2007
829:Wesleyanism
607:Mississippi
436:Prohibition
310:Upper South
278:John Wesley
267:Mississippi
179:Merged into
151:Separations
117:Orientation
69:introducing
1738:Categories
921:References
764:Protestant
631:California
410:Republican
321:cotton gin
111:Protestant
52:references
1256:Methodism
840:Footnotes
776:Cokesbury
697:city hall
615:Louisiana
611:Centenary
519:Nashville
496:Education
351:Civil War
294:Baltimore
205:Methodist
133:Episcopal
121:Methodism
1721:Category
782:See also
761:mainline
623:Arkansas
603:Millsaps
599:Kentucky
595:Wesleyan
579:Southern
531:Virginia
507:Jim Crow
399:freedmen
217:Northern
1236:History
627:Pacific
619:Hendrix
583:Alabama
575:Central
567:Trinity
559:Wofford
547:Candler
543:Atlanta
432:divorce
302:manumit
273:History
211:in the
199:; also
65:improve
1713:
1692:(1963)
1684:(1955)
1676:(1932)
1666:(1860)
1653:(1940)
1645:(1938)
1637:(1881)
1629:(1870)
1621:(1852)
1611:(1844)
1598:(1968)
1590:(1968)
1582:(1967)
1574:(1913)
1566:(1896)
1558:(1893)
1548:(1841)
1535:(1957)
1527:(1955)
1519:(1948)
1511:(1931)
1503:(1810)
1493:(1792)
1476:(1925)
1468:(1900)
1460:(1897)
1452:(1897)
1444:(1895)
1436:(1892)
1428:(1883)
1420:(1864)
1412:(1828)
1404:(1828)
1396:(1821)
1388:(1816)
1380:(1800)
1148:(1982)
1043:et al.
1010:(1998)
747:, and
723:Legacy
676:, and
625:; and
232:polity
197:MEC, S
185:(1939)
174:(1940)
169:(1938)
162:(1870)
157:(1852)
128:Polity
54:, but
1113:1955.
940:1964.
707:Women
629:, in
621:, in
613:, in
605:, in
597:, in
591:Texas
589:, in
581:, in
569:, in
553:, in
541:, in
517:, at
286:synod
1038:1956
975:1938
930:1907
774:and
664:and
359:The
219:and
191:The
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