323:, when Bangkok had a population of roughly 333,000, the king, returning from his first visit to Europe in 1897, ordered the establishment of a Sanitary Department to provide water to the Bangkok populace. Many still used water from rivers or canals, frequently the source of epidemics. The new department made a survey and dug up a distributary canal of the
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411:. MWA's treated water is distributed to its 2,375,490 customers in five regional service areas via 37,700 km of water pipes. The 2018 average tariff for residential customers was 9.99 baht per cubic metre. Total consumption in FY2018 was 1,401.4 million m. At the end of September 2018, the MWA employed 5,365 persons.
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Charges for MWA water for residential users range from 8.50-14.45 baht per m depending on usage. These rates have evidently been unchanged since
December 1999. MWA does not add waste water charges to water supply bills, despite clear evidence from international experience that this is best practice.
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In 1907, the king made a second visit to Europe. He found that most
European countries produced clean, adequate water for their people. Returning to Thailand, he ordered the hiring of French experts to conduct a survey and make suggestions on water procurement for Bangkok. On 13 July 1909, the king
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Demand for water in
Bangkok increased rapidly, from 10,000 to 13,000 metres per day, most of which was consumed at numerous public water spigots. People in the suburbs of Bangkok, with no water supply, carried pots to take water from them, especially in the summer, when the waterworks increased
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decreed that the government would provide a modern water supply system for the people of
Thailand. He ordered the Sanitary Department to dig and construct canals and install water pumps in order to deliver water to water treatment plants in the
432:(FY) runs from 1 October to 30 September. In FY2018 (1 October 2017 â 30 September 2018) MWA reported total assets of 75,100 million baht, revenues of 19,203 million baht, and a net profit of 7,519 million baht.
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salt water intrudes up the river, causing an increase in salinity. As of 2020, salinity levels have been within acceptable limits, but MWA has advised vulnerable customers to monitor or restrict their intake of
359:'s water supply with those of Bangkok Waterworks. A new organization called the "Metropolitan Waterworks Authority", a public enterprise under the Interior Ministry, began operations on 16 August 1967.
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production to full capacity of 28,800 m per day, sufficient for the population at the time. The government's emphasis on improving water supplies in
Bangkok led to the merging of the
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The MWA began operations on 16 August 1967 under the
Metropolitan Waterworks Authority Act B.E. 2510 (1967) to serve potable water to
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and five years of construction. The king called the result "Bangkok
Waterworks". The first water treatment plant was set up in 1914.
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Sub-district. Pipes were installed underground to distribute water throughout the
Bangkok area, at a cost of over four million
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Critics claim this exacerbates
Thailand's water pollution problems for want of adequate funding.
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to the north of
Bangkok. Water was drawn though this canal into Bangkok to supply cleaner water.
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The MWA draws raw water from two sources: the Chao Phraya River at Ban Krachaeng Sub-district,
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636:"Policy Coordination, Planning and Infrastructure Provision: A Case Study of Thailand"
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Source water salinity: Thailand's frequent droughts cause the water level of the
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288:. Its mission is to produce, distribute, and sell treated water in Bangkok,
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Annual Report 2018; Ready to Digital MWA to Sustainability
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Webster, Douglas; Theeratham, Patharaporn (2004-11-17).
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560:"History of the Metropolitan Waterworks Authority"
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508:. Bangkok: Metropolitan Waterworks Authority. 2019
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664:"High water salinity 'to persist until May'"
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614:Metropolitan Water Authority (MWA)
466:Metropolitan Electricity Authority
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690:"Salty tap water won't hurt: MWA"
256:Metropolitan Waterworks Authority
754:1967 establishments in Thailand
719:Provincial Waterworks Authority
461:Provincial Waterworks Authority
399:at four water treatment plantsâ
212:75,100 million baht (2018)
188:19,203 million baht (2018)
200:7,519 million baht (2018)
154:Chaiwat Chuenkosum (chairman)
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734:State enterprises of Thailand
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383:. The water is treated with
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749:Water companies of Thailand
351:municipality water supply,
327:at Sam Lae Sub-district in
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180:1,997 million m (2018)
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739:Infrastructure in Thailand
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157:Manit Panaim (governor)
280:kan prapa nakhon luang
103:; 57 years ago
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60:kan prapa nakhon luang
381:Kanchanaburi Province
355:'s water supply, and
329:Pathum Thani Province
309:Samut Prakan Province
286:Ministry of Interior
233:Ministry of Interior
140:Bangkok Metropolitan
305:Nonthaburi Province
218:Number of employees
101:16 August 1967
93:Sanitary Department
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648:6 September
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594:1 September
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430:fiscal year
403:, Sam Sen,
321:King Rama V
135:Area served
90:Predecessor
38:Native name
728:Categories
668:The Nation
643:World Bank
472:References
424:Financials
409:Maha Sawat
363:Operations
349:Nonthaburi
290:Nonthaburi
195:Net income
147:Key people
108:1967-08-16
700:6 January
674:6 January
585:"History"
569:6 January
512:6 January
401:Bang Khen
53:Romanized
455:See also
405:Thonburi
389:chlorine
357:Thonburi
165:Products
128:Thailand
82:Industry
66:Formerly
337:Sam Sen
315:History
301:Bangkok
275::
239:Website
185:Revenue
124:Bangkok
106: (
98:Founded
436:Issues
428:MWA's
407:, and
395:, and
307:, and
292:, and
228:Parent
639:(PDF)
538:(PDF)
506:(PDF)
450:salt.
262:MWA;
260:Abrv:
702:2020
676:2020
650:2016
621:2016
596:2016
571:2020
546:2016
514:2020
393:alum
385:lime
341:baht
273:RTGS
264:Thai
254:The
55:name
375:in
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