22:
132:
foundation that works on sustainable agriculture. It has developed several pilot projects centered on re-connecting agriculture and cities while attempting to develop more sustainable agricultural systems and ventures. Out of this work emerged certain underlying characteristics and design principles
115:
and consumption. It can be seen as drawing on urban systems theory to understand the complex ways that agriculture contributes to, shapes, and is shaped by the process of urban development. This requires a spatial lens wider than the immediate urban environment, and the term 'metropolitan' attempts
106:
Metropolitan agriculture provides a conceptual framework for analysis of all the systems and processes through which agriculture manifests itself in urban areas. This goes beyond primary production to include
32:
177:
208:
221:
Heimlich, Ralph (1989) "Metropolitan
Agriculture: Farming in the City's Shadow" Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol 55 no 4: 457-466.
293:
144:
in production processes, lowering external inputs by striving towards closed-loop systems, and multi-functionality in agricultural enterprises.
66:
256:
230:
Wascher, Dirk M., et al: Innovation
Characteristics for Sustainable Metropolitan Agriculture, SUSMETRO Phase 1 Final Report,
44:
308:
184:
48:
158:
231:
134:
95:
141:
202:
153:
108:
83:
117:
137:
for understanding the different ways that agriculture plays a part in urban development.
140:
On a project level, TransForum used 'metropolitan agriculture' to convey an emphasis on
260:
87:
243:
302:
294:
Resources related to MetroAg, a course taught by
Michigan State and Dutch instructors
129:
91:
112:
288:
244:
Can the Way We Eat Change
Metropolitan Agriculture? The Portland Example
15:
283:
257:"Metropolitan Agriculture as a sustainable perspective"
40:
82:
is a concept of how to successfully grow food in an
86:. It studies the linkage between areas such as
29:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
120:boundary as well as wider conceptual focus.
67:Learn how and when to remove this message
169:
207:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
200:
246:Works, M. and Harvey, T., Terrain.org
7:
98:policies and agricultural change.
14:
20:
1:
43:, discuss the issue on the
325:
289:Metropolitan Agriculture
80:Metropolitan agriculture
159:Sustainable agriculture
232:Wageningen University
94:, urban agriculture,
234:and TransForum, 2007
135:conceptual framework
133:as well as a larger
49:create a new article
41:improve this article
31:may not represent a
142:systems integration
116:to convey a wider
309:Urban agriculture
154:Urban agriculture
84:urban environment
77:
76:
69:
51:, as appropriate.
316:
272:
271:
269:
268:
259:. Archived from
253:
247:
241:
235:
228:
222:
219:
213:
212:
206:
198:
196:
195:
189:
183:. Archived from
182:
174:
128:TransForum is a
72:
65:
61:
58:
52:
24:
23:
16:
324:
323:
319:
318:
317:
315:
314:
313:
299:
298:
280:
275:
266:
264:
255:
254:
250:
242:
238:
229:
225:
220:
216:
199:
193:
191:
187:
180:
178:"Archived copy"
176:
175:
171:
167:
150:
126:
104:
73:
62:
56:
53:
38:
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
322:
320:
312:
311:
301:
300:
297:
296:
291:
286:
279:
278:External links
276:
274:
273:
248:
236:
223:
214:
168:
166:
163:
162:
161:
156:
149:
146:
125:
122:
111:, processing,
103:
100:
96:urban land use
88:sustainability
75:
74:
35:of the subject
33:worldwide view
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
321:
310:
307:
306:
304:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
281:
277:
263:on 2010-03-31
262:
258:
252:
249:
245:
240:
237:
233:
227:
224:
218:
215:
210:
204:
190:on 2010-03-04
186:
179:
173:
170:
164:
160:
157:
155:
152:
151:
147:
145:
143:
138:
136:
131:
123:
121:
119:
114:
110:
101:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
71:
68:
60:
50:
46:
42:
36:
34:
27:
18:
17:
265:. Retrieved
261:the original
251:
239:
226:
217:
192:. Retrieved
185:the original
172:
139:
127:
109:distribution
105:
92:urbanization
79:
78:
63:
54:
30:
102:Description
284:TransForum
267:2010-02-24
194:2010-02-26
165:References
124:TransForum
113:marketing
45:talk page
303:Category
203:cite web
148:See also
57:May 2021
39:You may
118:spatial
188:(PDF)
181:(PDF)
130:Dutch
47:, or
209:link
305::
205:}}
201:{{
90:,
270:.
211:)
197:.
70:)
64:(
59:)
55:(
37:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.