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2689:. The first, in Bay 17 of the west of the north transept, made between 1958 and 1961, depicts Genesis and the creation, the original sin, and the expulsion from Eden. Two additional groups were made for two bays in the north disambulatory (bays 11 and 9). They were made between 1961 and 1967, and depict Old Testament scenes, including Moses receiving the Ten Commandments, the Sacrifice of Abraham, the Burning Bush, and other events. The final series done by Chagall was created between 1968 and 1970 in the west triforium. These windows are "Grand Bouquet", a composition of birds and flowers and a rainbow on a background of nacre (Bays 111 and 113) and "Petit Bouquet" (Bays 107–109).
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belonged to the original collegiate built in 1207. It is capped by an octagonal belfry and an open pyramid, which were added in 1896. The exterior of this tower features an angel holding a sundial, decorated with the coat of arms of the city, and the date 1504. This tower formally belonged to the city of Metz, and contains a second set of cathedral bells. The largest bell, which sounds the hours, was made in 1413, and weighs 2000 kilograms; a smaller bell sounds the quarter hours, and was made 1398 (60 kilograms); and there is a third bell from the 16th century (also weighing 60 kilograms).
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degraded during the addition of classical features in the 18th century, and was not uncovered until 1867. It was then lowered by a meter and a half. A majority of the sculpture, was recreated by
Auguste Dujardin, and other portions were restored. It was not formally opened until 1885. The sculpture depicts scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary, culminating at the top of the arch with the crowning of the Virgin by Christ. Recent research found traces of orange, red and green pigment, indicating that the original portal sculpture was brightly colored.
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been built up against the walls, and restored the Chapel of Notre-Dame-de-Mont-Carmel, which had previously belonged to the adjoining church of Notre-Dame-la-Rond. He reopened the windows which had been blocked by the 19th-century construction. He also cleared out the crypt of the cathedral, which had been turned into a storeroom for the neighbouring shops in the gallery. Between 1874 and 1877 he restored the vaults and buttresses that had been weakened by age and the fire. Between 1898 and 1903 he removed
Blondel's classical portico over the portal.
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added, and the triforium between the arcades and high windows was enlarged and strengthened to support the greater weight. Between 1250 and 1255 the south side walls west of the transept were also strengthened to support the new higher walls. The south façade was also built higher to match the greater height of the new nave. The piers of the flying buttresses were also reconstructed, doubling their height. In about 1270–75, the tower of the
Chapter was raised to the height of the cornice of the new nave.
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537:, between 751 and 768. Chrodegang is also credited with establishing the first cathedral chapter in western Europe, and also the first cathedral close, combining chapels, dormitory, refectory, and other functional buildings. This system was formally adopted by other Frankish cathedrals under the Capitulary of Aix-en-Chapelle of 816. This first cloister, on the south side of the cathedral where the Place des Armes is located, survived until its demolition in 1754.
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parts in the lower portions of the bays. In the north (Bay 33) are the lancet windows which illustrate the genealogy of Christ and the Virgin Mary, as well as the prophets and apostles. In the South (Bay 28) is the oculus of the original window, with the crowning of the Virgin. This window very unusually depicts the Virgin to the left of Christ, who is presenting the crown to her with his left hand. A similar arrangement from the same period is found in
2988:", a garment probably made in the 12th century. It is made of purple silk with three large eagles embroidered with gold, whose wings are decorated with roses and griffons. It was further adorned during the Renaissance with a plus a hood embroidered with silver. The treasury also displays a large Bishop's ring made of stone and gold, called the Ring of Saint Arnoul, made in the 7th century. It is one of the oldest Bishop's rings still existing.
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slender towers with spires on either side of the choir, which give additional support to the structure. On the north is the Tower of the Boule d'Or or Tower of the Pomme d'Or (Named for a gilded copper apple ornament on top of the spire before the
Revolution); and to south, the Tower of Charlemagne. This tower has a stairway that gives access to the terraces, triforium, and the narrow pathway around the edge of the roof of the choir.
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791:, to celebrate his recovery from a serious illness from which he had nearly died in Metz in 1744. It was duly built between 1764 and 1766, However, the work on this new portal caused more problems; it was found that the portico would block some of the stained glass windows, and the digging of the deep foundations for the portico immediately created weaknesses in the west front and north buttress.
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made the new portico unsteady. The wood of the belfry of the
Chapter tower was rotting, and falling in pieces onto the street below; workmen refused to enter the unstable tower. The government finally agreed to finance the complete reconstruction of the tower of La Mutte, which was completed in 1843. The government of Emperor Louis-Napoleon promised a full restoration of the cathedral.
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cathedral was declared a simple parish and episcopal church. The old rood screen, made in 1555. was destroyed and replaced by a circular platform or stage in the transept. From 1793 to 1794, the cathedral was officially termed a "Temple of Reason". It was turned into a legal church in 1795, and services resumed, but it was not formally returned to the
Catholic Church until 1802.
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917:. He also rebuilt triangular gables at the top of the north and south facades in the late Gothic style, with spires and pinnacles. The new south portal was completed and inaugurated on 14 May 1903. The final project of the exterior renovation was the La Mutte tower, which was granted back to the church by the city, which had taken it as the municipal bell tower.
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The Portal of Notre-Dame-La-Ronde, on the northwest side, dates to 1260–65 and is the oldest and most simply decorated entry to the cathedral. In the 18th century, it was given a classical canopy to harmonise with the other classical features, but it still retains panels of the 13th-century sculpture
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The Portal of the Virgin, in the south side facing the Place d'Armes, was constructed before 1225. It was the main entrance of the cathedral until the 18th century, and it most probably occupied the same place as the entrance of the earlier pre-Romanesque cathedral. It was covered over and seriously
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The portal of the west front, typically the main entrance of a cathedral, in Metz is a secondary entrance. The original Gothic portal was replaced by a classical entrance in 1724, which was replaced by the current Neo-Gothic portal in 1903, called "Christ the King." It was designed by architect Paul
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In 1754 another large modification was begun by the governor of Metz. He destroyed the old cloisters next to the church, with their chapels and arcades, with the intention of creating a parade ground for official celebrations. However, this project was abandoned in 1758. Instead, the space was filled
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The earliest glass in the cathedral, from the third quarter of the 13th century, is found in the central bay of the Chapel of Notre-Dame-La-Rond, on the north side of the cathedral near the portal of that name. The glass was originally all in one window, but was separated and now is displayed in two
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The chapels of the transept were decorated in the 14th century with murals on the columns, which served as epitaphs for prominent church figures. These were covered over with plaster in the remodelling of the 17th century and rediscovered and restored between 1840 and 1909. One good example is the
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made of red marble in 1911 by the Munich sculptor Max
Heilmaler, It was subject to many later alterations. It depicts the Virgin in a red marble mandorle. The additional sculpture of the Announciation, also by Heilmaler. Below the altar a depiction of Christ being presented at the Temple, by Caspar
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style of the late Gothic in the tracery of the windows and the pillars. Nonetheless, the builders respected the elevations and distribution of space on the walls established in the nave at the end of the 13th century. The high windows of the nave were the model for the high windows in the transept
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The transept and the chevet at the northeast end of the cathedral were constructed together between 1487 and 1450. In this part of the cathedral, the vaults reach a height of 45 meters. The triangular north transept gable was a later addition of Neo-Gothic, made in 1886 in the 15th-century style. It
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The south tower of the cathedral, called "La Mutte", was both the cathedral and municipal bell tower; it was built in 1324 and the municipal bell, called La Mutte, was installed there in 1381. This bell was rung in case of fires, approaching enemies or important civic events. After a fire in 1468, a
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In the years before the French
Revolution in 1789, many of the Gothic tombs and monuments of the cathedral were removed, or put into lower aisles to accommodate the new classical taste. The Revolution greatly accelerated the destruction. The cathedral chapter was formally abolished in 1790, and the
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ended by excommunicating the city leaders. When the fire broke out, the city leaders refused to assist the clergy in fighting the fire, only sending men to put out the fire on the bell tower, which was owned by the city. Relations thereafter between the city and clerical authorities were strained.
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The treasury of the cathedral, located in the old sacristy next to the south transept, lost most of its precious objects during the French
Revolution, when they were taken away to be melted down for their gold or stripped of their jewels. The most famous item in the Treasury is the reputed "Cape of
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The vaults of the transept meet the vaults of the nave and choir at the central crossing. The transept is 46.80 metres (153.5 ft) high and 16.34 metres (53.6 ft) wide. The vault in the center of the crossing has additional decorative lierne and tiercon ribs, which form a star, and a large
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Parts of the north transept also serve an important structural purpose; the section of the transept where it meets the nave, made about 1300, also serves a buttress for the arches of the nave where they meet the transept. Each level of the transept also has narrow coursières, or passageways, built
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The present major city bell in the tower is named "La Mutte" and was cast in 1605. It weighs 11,000 kilograms (24,250 pounds). A second bell, called Tocsin, made in 1501, weighs 1500 kilos, and is rung to signal the end of the day; along with a third small bell, called
Mademoiselle de Tourmel, made
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was installed between the choir and the nave, with sculpture by Mansuy Gauvain, and new choir stalls were installed. The choir was completed with a new altar and a small organ in the triforium above the rood screen. A project was also begun to create a new grand portal on the west end. The work was
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The chapels are separated by the massive buttresses and arches which support the upper walls. The buttresses themselves are decorated with spires, which give them extra weight. The windows of the upper walls are topped with pointed arches and pinnacles, and the chevet is flanked by two additional
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Between the First and Second World Wars, little funding was available to restore or improve the cathedral; the only significant addition was a new bishop's chair, installed in 1932. However, after the Second World War, chief architect Robert Renaud began a campaign to restore and renew the art. He
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Major restoration and rebuilding also took place inside the cathedral, under another architect, Wilhelm Schmitz. He enlarged the choir, restored damaged windows, constructed new choir stalls, and installed a new stone choir screen, new altars, and new bronze doors for the west portal. In 1914 war
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The new portal was the subject of careful study by Tornow. He decided upon a 14th-century Gothic style, in harmony with the rose window. With the French sculptor Auguste Dujardin, he visited twenty-one cathedrals in Burgundy, the Ile-de-France, Normandy and Champagne, taking photographs to act as
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A young architect from Munich, Paul Tornow, became master of works of the cathedral in 1874 and held the position for thirty-two years, until 1906. He first constructed a new roof, built on a metal frame, which raised its height by 3.5 meters. He then removed the collection of structures that had
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The cathedral was in a deplorable state in the early 19th century. The vaults shook when the bells in the tower rang. The arch supporting the right side of the bell tower was broken, and the windows of the tower had to be removed. The arch was finally replaced in 1829. Weaknesses of the foundation
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Metz and the Duchy of Lorraine formally retained their independent status, but the French political and cultural influence grew from 1737 until 1766, when France formally annexed the Duchy. In 1741, proponents of the new French classical style, popular in Paris, proposed to redecorate the choir of
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style. It is crowned by two statues, Saint Nicholas and a local medieval bishop, Saint Goëry. There is also a flamboyant gable over the large south window, also an elaborate flamboyant style, with curves and counter-curves. It was damaged by the 19th-century fire and was replaced. At the top is a
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The Chapter Tower (Tour de Chapitre), was built at the same time, at the end of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century, and in the same style and plan as the tower of La Mutte. This tower also contains a portal to the cathedral, the Portal of St. Stephen. The medieval sculpture was nearly all
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There was a lull of nearly a century before major work was resumed on the construction of the transept and the choir. In 1388 a wooden belfry was installed by the city government on the La Mutte tower, and a new chapel, the Bishop's Chapel, was added on the lower south aisle in 1443. Its patron,
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Since the new nave was now twice as high as planned, the towers also had to be made taller. Between 1275 and 1280, A second level and the beginning of a third level were added to the Tour de la Mutte. By 1359 the nave was entirely covered, but work on the upper walls continued for another twenty
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with windows. six meters high; above that a decorative band of two friezes with sculpted foliage and drapery; and above that the high windows extending upwards 25.5 meters into the vaults. Slender colonettes run up the walls between the windows from the arcade pillars to support the vaults. The
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The west front of the cathedral receives support from a massive buttress on the north, while on the south the facade gets support from the Tower of the Horloge, an eight-sided tower, more slender and shorter than the tower of La Mutte, whose lower portion, with sections of white stone, probably
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In 1999 another wind storm broke loose a pinnacle from the roof, which fell through the roof of the sacristy, requiring major work. The west rose window also showed signs of weakness, due to the absence of a supporting buttress on the west, and began to crack. It was reinforced with two steel
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In 1468 a serious fire broke out on the new balustrade of the roof. In the years before the fire, from 1452 to 1467, there had been a bitter dispute between the city leaders and the cathedral authorities over who was responsible for the maintenance and safety of cathedral property, which Bishop
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The nave, with the exception of its vaults, was probably finished between 1245 and 1250. Then a decision was taken to make the cathedral much taller, with the addition of a new level of large windows about forty meters high, equal in height to the two levels below. New more massive columns were
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A smaller church, the Collegiale of Notre-Dame-la-Ronde, was built close to the old cathedral in the 8th century, and was entirely rebuilt between 1200 and 1207 to be oriented directly with the axis of the cathedral. The complex of early buildings also included the cloister and a palace for the
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Work continued into the 16th century to rebuild the remaining Romanesque portions into the Gothic style. The old choir was demolished in 1503. A few weeks later, the old Romanesque south transept fell. The next year work began on the new transept, and the final flying buttress of the choir was
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of the cathedral decided to demolish the wall which separated the cathedral from the adjoining nave of the church of Our Lady. This was resisted by the clergy of the collegiate church, but the work went ahead, modified by the installation of a grill between the two naves. In 1381 the cathedral
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The early windows resemble mosaics, made of very small pieces of thick, deeply-colored glass bound together by thin strips of lead. The later windows became much larger and thinner, as glassmaking technology improved, with support of iron bars and stone tracery. They were often colored with
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Metz Cathedral has two organs. The modern and larger organ is located in the transept. The smaller and older instrument, called the "Renaissance", is perched on the triforium of the last traverse of the nave, closest to the choir. It was placed there above the former rood screen to accompany
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The nave is the portion of a cathedral, usually at the west end, where the worshippers are seated. The nave of Metz Cathedral is noted for its exceptional height, harmony, and especially the great quantity of stained glass that entirely fills the upper walls, the largest area of glass of any
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and culminates at 41.41 metres (135.9 ft) high, making it one of the highest naves in the world. The height of the nave is contrasted by the relatively low height of the aisles at 14.3 metres (47 ft) high, reinforcing the sensation of height of the nave. This feature permitted the
1277:, with Christ as the central figure, between two figures representing the Church the Synagogue. The portal is flanked by four 4-meter-tall statues of the prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel. The statue of Daniel was originally given the features of the German Emperor of the time,
662:), the head of the chapter, who became bishop in 1239. Construction began at the west end of the nave and continued to the transept and the old choir, which was still in place until the end of the 15th century. The vault of the new structure was not planned to be higher than 30–35 meters.
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The original romanesque crypt beneath the choir was enlarged at the beginning of the 16th century to serve as a foundation for the new chevet. and contains ambulatory leading to three chapels. It was originally largely filled with tombs, It now serves as a museum of cathedral history.
1725:, where it was placed in 1245. It depicts the Virgin, with the moon at her feet, with figures of Saint Barbara and Saint Catherine. It was removed from that church in 1912 because the church authorities in Lourdes felt it clashed with the simplicity of the decor there.
2419:, glass colored white, grey or other pale colors, to bring more light into the interior, and to highlight the colored glass. Most of the original glass was removed in the centuries after the Middle Ages. Most of the glass today is restored or a more modern replacement.
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Beyond the choir is the apse, with a semicircular passage, the disambulatory, which leads to the three chapels at the end of the cathedral. The central chapel is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, the left chapel to Saint Joseph, and the right chapel to Saint Livier.
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River, the cathedral could not have the traditional east to west orientation from the choir to the west front. Instead, it was oriented on an axis from southeast to northwest. The roof, following a regional tradition, was covered with tiles of white limestone.
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The last work on the La Mutte bell tower was completed between 1477 and 1483. The stone shaft forty meters high was topped by a tall spire, giving it a total height of almost ninety meters. The finished cathedral was consecrated on 11 April 1552.
374:. The diocese dates back at least to the 4th century and the present cathedral building was begun in the early 14th century. In the mid-14th century, it was joined to the collegiate church of Notre-Dame, and given a new transept and late Gothic
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The crypt displays the Graouilly, a large figure of the mythical dragon which was said in legend to been slain by Saint Clement in about 1000 AD. It was carried in religious processions in Metz beginning the 13th century and was described by
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1171:, the building is compact, with slight projection of the transepts and subsidiary chapels. However, it displays singular, distinctive characteristics in both its ground plan and architecture compared to most other cathedrals. Because of the
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The choir of a cathedral, where the clergy traditionally worships, is usually long, but because of the unusual topography under the cathedral, the choir in Metz is relatively short, and raised up by twelve steps from the transept.
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style chapels. It contains the apse and disambulatory, and three radiating chapels; the axis chapel of the Virgin; and chapels of the Sacred Heart and Notre-Dame of Mount-Carmel. The doorway to Rue du Vivier was added in 1889.
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2651:, then eighty years old. The windows are composed of intersecting lines and planes of different colors, represents the Last Supper and Crucifixion, surrounded by abstract images of earlier Biblical symbols; the rock of
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Tornow and artist Auguste Dujardin. It is lavishly filled with sculpture including column-statues in niches above smaller sculptures in the soubassement. The tympanum over the portal, largely inspired by the Tympanum of
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The construction of a new cathedral began under bishop Thierry I between 965 and 984, and was completed under his second successor Thierry II of Luxembourg, between 1006 and 1047. It was built in what was later called
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cathedral. It has the traditional elevation of Gothic cathedrals of the 13th century, with three levels; an arcade of pointed arches supported by large pillars on the ground floor, 12.65 meters high; above that a
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of Our Lady into the western end of the cathedral, which resulted in the absence of a traditional west-end portal. The south-western porch of the cathedral became the entrance of the former collegiate church.
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Until 1960 all the furnishings of the cathedral were either original Gothic or recreations of Gothic. That year the cathedral began to acquire modern works of furniture and art, including windows designed by
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of 1870, Lorraine and Metz were taken from France in 1871 and annexed to the new German Empire. In 1877, the cathedral was heavily damaged by a major fire caused by fireworks. The King of Prussia and Emperor
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after his stay in Metz in 1546–47. The body of the current Graouilly is made of canvas covering a metal frame is from the 19th century, while the head is wood from an 18th-century effigy of the creature.
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interrupted the work. In 1918, at the end of the First World War, Lorraine and the cathedral were returned to France. The forty-four new choir stalls, made in Colmar in 1914, were finally installed 1922.
595:, a form of pre-Romanesque. This church had two towers and three bays on the west front, a nave with three vessels, and a larger tower over the transept. Because of its placement on a terrace next to the
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installed ion 1506. The new construction largely followed the original Gothic style. A new canonical choir was built beginning in 1519 next to the sanctuary, at the crossing of the transept. An ornate
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had a copy made and installed of the angel-musician statue which had decorated the roof–it had been blown down in a storm in 1952. In 1965, a stained glass window of David and Bathsheba, designed by
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new upper stage of the tower and a spire was constructed on top, bringing the height to ninety meters. It has two platforms where watchmen were posted to look out for fires or approaching enemies.
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for the portal of La Mutte and the portal of the Tower of the Chapter. The former, facing the rising sun, has warm abstract colors, while the latter window, facing the sunset, has cool colors.
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of the cathedral range in date from the 13th century to the 20th century, and cover an area of 6500 square meters; the cathedral has the most stained glass of any medieval religious monument.
2643:. Then, in 1956, Robert Renaud, chief architect of the Center of National Monuments, commissioned a group of windows for the Chapel of the Holy Sacrament designed by the cubist-impressionist
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architects to create large, tall expanses of stained glass. Throughout its history the cathedral has been subjected to architectural and ornamental modifications with successive additions of
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2553:, who created an ambitious program of windows. Other windows he designed were placed in the north and south arms of the transept, the west bay and the north and south arms of the transept.
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in Metz, the common west–east axis of the ground plan could not be applied and the church is oriented north-northeast. Moreover, unlike the French and German Gothic cathedrals having three
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587:, restored the Empire, Lorraine was designated as the autonomous Duchy of Lorraine, with Metz as its capital. It maintained this status until 1766, when it formally became part of France.
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Between 1954 and 1958 most of the upper windows of the nave were replaced with windows designed to harmonize with the early Gothic windows by Jean Gaudin, who had restored the windows of
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ceremonies of the clergy taking place within the choir. It was made in 1537, and while the instrument has been regularly modified and updated, the wooden buffet or cabinet is original.
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533:(742-766) is mentioned in accounts of the time as a papal envoy to the Franks. He is credited with introducing the Roman liturgy and chants, with the support of King of the Franks,
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1617:(38 meters). The collateral aisles on either side of the nave are not nearly as high; just 13.3 meters, but they also have walls largely filled with stained glass.
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destroyed by the end of the 18th century, with the exception of a scene on the lintel of the stoning of Saint Stephen, and two scenes from the life of St. Clement.
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is crowned with a statue of the Virgin Mary, marking the chapel of the Virgin. The south transept facade has a matching gable made in 1883–85, in the more ornate
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476:, or fortified town, called Diuodron Medimatriques, occupied the site from at least the first century B.C. It became a stop on the trade route between
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A number of important windows were installed in the 14th century, including the great rose window of the western facade. This window was the work of
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The modern liturgical furniture in the choir was created by the Swiss-born French artist Mattia Bonetti between 2004 and 2006. It includes an altar,
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displays a rich collection assembled over the long centuries of the history of the Metz diocese and include sacred vestments and items used for the
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between 1913 and 1914, but they were not put into place until 1922–23. Carvings also decorate They decorate the screen of the choir made in 1912.
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supports between 1995 and 2000. The La Mutte tower was restored beginning in 2009, including the restoration of the bells and their mechanism.
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pillars of the arcade, consisting of bundled columns, also have decoration; sculpted grapevines and other vegetal designs, from about 1245.
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the basis for his design. The final plan adapted elements of the 13th and 14th centuries, and borrowed particularly from the portals of
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mentioned the existence of the church in 584, and a cathedral under the archbishop Arnoul is mentioned in 616. The Archbishop and Saint
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constitute the axis (south-southwest/north-northeast, respectively). On its exterior, the cathedral is 136 metres (446 ft) long.
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The four-part rib vaults of the nave vaults are exceptionally high; between 41.2 and 42.6 meters, exceeded in height only by those of
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The chevet, at the southeast end of the cathedral, was built between 1503 and 1508 atop the earlier Romanesque crypt and the earlier
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772:. However, Slotdtz's proposed decoration was fiercely resisted by the more conservative chapter and was finally rejected in 1762.
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at its western front. The entrance is to the side of the building through another portal placed at the south-western side of the
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The oldest glass of the cathedral. Located on one side of the southern transept, Scenes from Life of Saint Paul (13th century)
1381:
13th-century sculpture around the portal; The story of David and Goliath (above) and the martyrdom of Saint Maurice (bottom)
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78:
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1762:
The following picture presents the ground plan of Saint-Stephen of Metz and the position of the architectural elements:
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Metz Cathedral in the new style. They presented a neoclassical program for the choir by the royal sculptor from Paris,
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The Transept and choir were built later than the nave, between 1487 and 1520, with elaborate decoration in the
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The most prominent examples of 16th-century glass are the windows of the north face of the transept, made by
3842:
2614:, with a full use of perspective, shading, giving the windows a close resemblance to Renaissance paintings.
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73:
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and carved stonework resembling fabric around the doorway. Similar design from the same period is found at
411:
in the world, totalling 6,496 m (69,920 sq ft). The stained glass windows include works by
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638:
The reconstruction of the cathedral in the Gothic style was proposed in about 1220 by the bishop of Metz,
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1992:
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took a particular interest in the rebuilding of Metz Cathedral, to win the support of the population.
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1965:
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Doric portico which would serve as the main entrance to the cathedral. This was funded partially by
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1951:
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made of gilded and painted oak, It was originally made for the altar of a chapel at the shrine of
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3145:"INA Archive (1980) Patrimoine: trésor de la cathédrale de Metz, Lorraine soir, France 3 régions"
1606:
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398:
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575:'s successors, the Holy Roman Empire was divided into four parts. In 870, Metz and its province
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painted epitaph of Jacques Poulain, from 1379, located on the north side at the sixth pillar.
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provided designs for further windows, including the complete chapel of the Holy Sacrament.
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66:
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Elevation of the westwork within the foundations of a Gothic chapel from the 12th century
695:, died a few days after the chapel was consecrated, and was interred within it in 1459.
1732:
are a prominent feature in the centre of the Choir. They were made by Théophile Klem of
779:
Another classical addition to the cathedral was proposed in 1755 by the royal architect
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Remarques sur les campagnes de construction de la cathédrale de Metz au XIIieme siecle
491:
The cathedral was built on an ancient site dating to the 5th century and dedicated to
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972:
888:
821:
492:
408:
371:
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Beginning of the construction of the Gothic cathedral within the foundations of the
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between 306 and 390. The presence of the first bishop, Clement, is recorded in 346.
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1930:
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The red marble statue of the Virgin of Lourdes on the lateral altar of the transept
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485:
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115:
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between 1521 and 1536. The figures of the last clearly show the influence of the
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The Graouilly, a dragon figure carried in processions, now in the cathedral crypt
407:("the Good Lord's lantern"), on account of its displaying the largest expanse of
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created three stained glass windows for the cathedral between 1958 and 1968.
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1598:
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1007:
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begun but was halted in 1552 by the entry into the city of the army of King
383:
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100:
3439:"Timeline of the construction of Metz Cathedral, from 17th to 20th century"
3385:"Timeline of the construction of Metz Cathedral, from 14th to 16th century"
3298:"Timeline of the construction of Metz Cathedral, from 10th to 13th century"
3230:"Gregory of Tours (c. 538-594 A.D.) Historiae, Libri X. The Latin Library"
929:
was installed in Bay 9, along with windows by other contemporary artists.
3120:"INA Archive (1969) Trésor de la cathédrale de Metz, Lorraine soir, ORTF"
2945:
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1944:
1909:
1860:
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keystone, 1.7 meters high and 3.7 meters across, at the meeting point.
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512:
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of Saint Stephen was the sole structure spared during the sack of 451 by
456:
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1183:
surmounted by a rose window and two large towers, this one has a single
495:. It is said to have contained a collection of his relics. According to
2267:
2007:
1958:
1818:
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692:
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to make a rose window for the west front, which was finished in 1392.
596:
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2719:
2389:
Tomb of Bishop Dupont des Loges (died 1896) by Emmanuel Hannaux (1923)
1791:
783:. He was commissioned by the Royal Academy of Architecture to build a
3846:
3816:(in French). Centre des monuments nationaux, Éditions du patrimoine.
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2020:
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in 1504, and the windows of the south face of the transept, made by
878:(vaults), where the wind sings as in a flute, and then responds the
2685:, French Minister of Culture, to decorate the central dome of the
2103:
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1980:
1916:
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1832:
1804:
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of the northern transept by master glass maker Theobald of Lixheim
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2681:. They were commissioned at the same time that he was chosen by
2422:
The windows of Metz were made by the master craftsmen including
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2139:
1937:
1888:
712:
Gothic Completion and neoclassical additions (16th–18th century)
508:
477:
141:
4649:
Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Vladimir the Great of Paris
3855:
2365:
Epitaph of Jacques Poulain, with Fresco of the Virgin (14th c.)
1191:, avoiding the usual alignment of the entrance with the choir.
2899:
The Renaissance organ, now on the triforium of the nave (1537)
3085:
847:
The troops of Maréchal Foch parade past the cathedral (1918)
835:
The cathedral in 1907 with the new portal and decorated gable
1502:
statue of Saint Stephen, the patron saint of the cathedral.
3843:
Denis Krieger, extensive collection of stained glass photos
3171:
Jolin J.L. (2001) La lanterne du Bon Dieu. Eds. Serpnoise.
1687:
in the wall on the interior and exterior of the transept.
1442:
in 1802 and recast in 1875. It weighs just 45 kilograms.
1224:
West Front – the Portal of Christ, Horloge tower on right
4644:
Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon of Paris
1479:
The cathedral from the south, with transept to the right
393:(41.41 meters (135.9 ft)), after the cathedrals of
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in the sixteenth. In the twentieth century, the artist
1395:
Bell Tower of La Mutte, Chapter Tower and Horloge Tower
604:
archbishop, where the market square is located today.
4773:
16th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in France
1753:
Triptych dedicated to Saint Anne in the disambulatory
1041:
Junction between the former Gothic chapel and the nave
3196:
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725:
Welcoming King Henry IV to Metz with fireworks – 1603
1322:
Statue of Saint Clement on the Portal of the Virgin
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Buttresses that support the high wall of the chevet
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4639:Armenian Catholic Eparchy of Sainte-Croix-de-Paris
3267:La cathédrale de Metz, histoire de la construction
1248:Statue of Saint Daniel, originally modelled after
776:by a group of houses, shops and a large pavilion.
583:while remaining an autonomous duchy. In 962, when
3064:"Official website of the Saint-Stephen Cathedral"
633:City centre and the cathedral in the 17th century
3531:A Stained-Glass Window from Flavigny-sur-Moselle
3414:La cathédrale de Metz, L'œuvre de Blondel à Metz
3214:La cathédrale de Metz, description archéologique
1408:La Mutte tower (center) and Horloge tower (left)
1026:of the nave and the supporting flying buttresses
3167:
3165:
2887:The modern organ, placed in the south transept
872:
511:. It was a royal residence of the grandsons of
303:Official name: Cathédrale Saint Étienne de Metz
4763:Roman Catholic churches completed in the 1520s
1491:Facade with great window of the south transept
646:. The work began under James of Lotharingia (
3867:
2677:The best-known windows are those designed by
1086:Construction of the Gothic choir and east end
8:
2597:Detail of north transept windows – apostles
402:
328:
34:
3086:"Official website of the Bishopric of Metz"
3058:
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484:, and was an imperial residence during the
427:. Later artistic styles are represented by
3874:
3860:
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1740:Apse, disambulatory, and radiating chapels
1634:The south transept, with the organ below
621:Metz and the cathedral in the 17th century
391:third-highest nave of cathedrals in France
44:
25:
4096:Diocese of Grenoble–Vienne-les-Allobroges
3533:, Metropolitan Museum Journal, 33, 1998.
3379:
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3375:
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3369:
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1613:(42.3. meters), and taller than those of
737:Blondel's classical portal, added in 1766
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2670:Two other abstract windows were made by
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541:The Ottonian or Pre-Romanesque cathedral
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2922:The crypt beneath the transept and apse
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1646:The modern furnishings in the choir by
1624:
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1519:Towers and chapel windows of the chevet
1509:
1467:Flamboyant facade of the north transept
1457:
1398:
1347:
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798:
715:
611:
544:
378:, finished between 1486 and 1520. The
96:Ecclesiastical or organizational status
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2978:The Ring of saint Arnoul (7th century)
2966:The Treasury, located in the Sacristy
1334:Sculpture of the Portal of the Virgin
1298:South side - Portal of the Virgin Mary
990:style on the west side of the basilica
860:Following the Prussian victory in the
3962:Diocese of Bayonne, Lescar and Oloron
1591:The three-part elevation of the nave
1310:Tympanum of the Portal of the Virgin
1092:Construction of the southern transept
1070:Construction of the northern transept
665:The plan integrated the neighbouring
571:In 843, after long disputes between
276:88 metres (289 ft) (Mutte tower)
7:
4614:Diocese of Saint-Denis de La Réunion
3047:, Ministère français de la Culture.
3023:Mont Saint-Quentin in Moselle Valley
1098:Stained glass by master glass maker
1000:basilica, construction of the aisles
882:, the great voice of the Good Lord!
820:Drawing of the cathedral in 1905 by
4743:Roman Catholic cathedrals in France
3797:(in French). Paris: La Martinière.
3018:List of Gothic Cathedrals in Europe
2647:, the brother of pioneer modernist
1211:West Front and the Portal of Christ
4778:Monuments historiques of Grand Est
4275:Diocese of La Rochelle and Saintes
1567:The nave, looking toward the choir
1163:edifice built of the local yellow
795:The Revolution to the 21st century
764:. Work did not resume until 1761.
16:Catholic cathedral in Metz, France
14:
4753:Romanesque architecture in France
3358:. Bulletin Monumental 162, Paris
2585:Detail of north transept windows
1661:Detail at the choir stalls (1912)
4733:Buildings and structures in Metz
4705:
4693:
4224:Diocese of Évry-Corbeil-Essonnes
3814:Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Metz
2971:
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2927:
2915:
2892:
2880:
2718:
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1790:
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1666:
1654:
1639:
1627:
1584:
1572:
1560:
1524:
1512:
1484:
1472:
1460:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1374:
1362:
1350:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1291:
1256:
1241:
1236:Tympanum of the Portal of Christ
1229:
1217:
840:
828:
813:
801:
742:
730:
718:
644:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
626:
614:
547:
36:Cathédrale Saint Étienne de Metz
32:Cathedral of Saint Stephen, Metz
4738:Roman Catholic churches in Metz
3812:Wagner, Pierre Édouard (2013).
3448:from the original on 2021-12-19
3394:from the original on 2021-12-19
3307:from the original on 2021-12-19
2667:. They were installed in 1957.
2528:Detail of the West Rose Window
2498:Western rose window at Metz by
2426:in the fourteenth century, and
1711:Altar of Notre Dame de Lourdes
1609:(48 meters), matching those of
683:chapter engaged the glassmaker
59:
4619:Military Ordinariate of France
4183:Diocese of Carcassone-Narbonne
4132:Archdiocese of Aix-en-Provence
3911:Diocese of Belfort–Montbéliard
2998:Gothic cathedrals and churches
2841:Theobald of Lixheim's windows
2701:Plan of Saint-Stephen of Metz
2570:The north transept windows by
1369:Portal of Notre-Dame-La-Ronde
1076:Creation of the stained glass
1047:Creation of the stained glass
562:cathedral in 1055 imagined by
19:For other uses of "Metz", see
1:
4768:Burial sites of the Pippinids
4758:Gothic architecture in France
4531:Archdiocese of Fort-de-France
3892:Bishops' Conference of France
2618:20th century – modern windows
1344:Portal of Notre-Dame-La-Ronde
978:
956:
515:, king of the Franks, and of
50:Metz Cathedral from the south
4583:Diocese of Wallis and Futuna
4479:Diocese of Tarbes-et-Lourdes
3008:List of highest church naves
1357:Sculpture around the portal
986:Construction of a chapel in
1128:of Jacques-François Blondel
1115:refurbishment conducted by
1051:of the west facade and the
749:The cathedral in about 1800
423:, Theobald of Lixheim, and
4794:
4670:Apostolic Nuncio to France
4178:Archdiocese of Montpellier
3988:Diocese of Le Puy-en-Velay
3793:Brisac, Catherine (1994).
3003:French Gothic architecture
2446:Early glass (13th century)
1788:
1420:Top of the La Mutte tower
1169:French Gothic architecture
640:Conrad III of Scharfenberg
585:Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
18:
4688:
4675:France–Holy See relations
4604:Archdiocese of Strasbourg
4198:Diocese of Perpignan–Elne
3889:
3883:Catholic Church in France
3212:Vallery-Radot J. (1931):
2717:
2716:
2540:Adoration of the Magi by
1789:
1194:The nave is supported by
1144:Stained glass windows of
967:basilica over an ancient
341:
301:
292:
43:
4152:Diocese of Fréjus–Toulon
4127:Archdiocese of Marseille
4101:Diocese of Saint-Étienne
3416:. Eds A. Picard, Paris.
3269:. Eds A. Picard, Paris.
3216:. Eds A. Picard, Paris.
3013:List of tallest churches
2663:and a lamb representing
2024:Blessed Sacrament chapel
1138:portal on the west front
1117:Jacques-François Blondel
1106:on the southern transept
949:Timeline of construction
781:Jacques-François Blondel
429:Charles-Laurent Maréchal
268:136 metres (446 ft)
4597:Directly under Holy See
4444:Archdiocese of Toulouse
4382:Diocese of Saint-Brieuc
4265:Archdiocese of Poitiers
4171:Province of Montpellier
4081:Archdiocese of Chambéry
3983:Archdiocese of Clermont
3957:Diocese of Aire and Dax
3947:Archdiocese of Bordeaux
3921:Diocese of Saint-Claude
3906:Archdiocese of Besançon
3529:Ariane Isler-de Jongh:
2485:14th–15th century glass
1774:Plan of Metz Cathedral
1010:and the two bell towers
893:Ode to Metz, Invectives
691:Bishop Conrad Bayer of
678:years. In 1380–81, the
404:la Lanterne du Bon Dieu
389:Metz Cathedral has the
4700:Catholicism portal
4557:Archdiocese of Papeete
4536:Diocese of Basse-Terre
4524:Province of Martinique
4500:Archdiocese of Bourges
4244:Diocese of Saint-Denis
4137:Archdiocese of Avignon
4055:Archdiocese of Cambrai
3998:Diocese of Saint-Flour
2471:Detail of early glass
2352:Painting and sculpture
1771:Architectural element
1579:The pulpit in the nave
1263:Top of the west facade
1064:Elevation of the spire
1055:by master glass maker
884:
659:
651:
403:
344:www.cathedrale-metz.fr
329:
153:Geographic coordinates
35:
4631:for Eastern Catholics
4578:Archdiocese of Nouméa
4347:Archdiocese of Rennes
4249:Diocese of Versailles
4157:Diocese of Gap-Embrun
4120:Province of Marseille
4091:Diocese of Belley–Ars
2513:Inner rose window by
2405:stained glass windows
1723:Notre Dame de Lourdes
1250:William II of Germany
370:. It is dedicated to
21:Metz (disambiguation)
4748:Architecture in Metz
4665:Cathedrals in France
4588:Diocese of Port-Vila
4495:Archdiocese of Tours
4464:Diocese of Montauban
4437:Province of Toulouse
4413:Diocese of Coutances
4403:Archdiocese of Rouen
4301:Archdiocese of Reims
4270:Diocese of Angoulême
4258:Province of Poitiers
4214:Archdiocese of Paris
4050:Archdiocese of Lille
4014:Archdiocese of Dijon
3976:Province of Clermont
3967:Diocese of Périgueux
3940:Province of Bordeaux
3926:Diocese of Saint-Dié
3899:Province of Besançon
2479:Strasbourg Cathedral
1996:Portal of the Virgin
1285:Portal of the Virgin
1156:Metz Cathedral is a
1032:Construction of the
1022:Construction of the
1006:Construction of the
660:Jakob von Lothringen
642:, the chancellor of
608:The Gothic Cathedral
419:master glass makers
4550:Province of Papeete
4510:Diocese of Chartres
4454:Archdiocese of Auch
4449:Archdiocese of Albi
4423:Diocese of Le Havre
4326:Diocese of Soissons
4311:Diocese of Beauvais
4239:Diocese of Pontoise
4234:Diocese of Nanterre
4076:Archdiocese of Lyon
4019:Archdiocese of Sens
3412:Lejeaux J. (1931):
2712:Hermann von Münster
2698:Master glass maker
2604:Theobald of Lixheim
2572:Theobald of Lixheim
2551:Hermann von Munster
2542:Hermann von Munster
2515:Hermann von Munster
2500:Hermann von Munster
2424:Hermann von Münster
1124:Destruction of the
1057:Hermann von Münster
963:Construction of an
941:and other artists.
862:Franco-Prussian War
652:Jacques de Lorraine
421:Hermann von Münster
295:Monument historique
257:Direction of façade
171: /
4571:Province of Noumea
4562:Diocese of Taiohae
4541:Diocese of Cayenne
4515:Diocese of Orléans
4469:Diocese of Pamiers
4377:Diocese of Quimper
4362:Diocese of Le Mans
4340:Province of Rennes
4321:Diocese of Langres
4316:Diocese of Châlons
4280:Diocese of Limoges
4219:Diocese of Créteil
4142:Diocese of Ajaccio
4111:Diocese of Viviers
4106:Diocese of Valence
3993:Diocese of Moulins
3354:Villes A. (2004):
2557:16th century glass
2180:Northern transept
1621:Transept and choir
1607:Beauvais Cathedral
1432:The Chapter Tower
1273:, illustrates the
1134:Construction of a
911:Chartres Cathedral
762:Henry II of France
401:. It is nicknamed
380:cathedral treasury
366:, the seat of the
4720:
4719:
4712:France portal
4488:Province of Tours
4459:Diocese of Cahors
4418:Diocese of Évreux
4408:Diocese of Bayeux
4396:Province of Rouen
4387:Diocese of Vannes
4372:Diocese of Nantes
4352:Diocese of Angers
4331:Diocese of Troyes
4306:Diocese of Amiens
4294:Province of Reims
4207:Province of Paris
4086:Diocese of Annecy
4043:Province of Lille
4034:Mission de France
4029:Diocese of Nevers
4007:Province of Dijon
3931:Diocese of Verdun
3823:978-2-7577-0262-8
3265:Marot P. (1931):
2871:
2870:
2349:
2348:
2288:
2208:
2148:
2043:
2025:
1997:
1196:flying buttresses
1165:Jaumont limestone
907:Auxerre Cathedral
685:Herman of Münster
667:Collegiate church
519:, who became the
350:
349:
39:
4785:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4698:
4697:
4505:Diocese of Blois
4474:Diocese of Rodez
4367:Diocese of Luçon
4357:Diocese of Laval
4285:Diocese of Tulle
4229:Diocese of Meaux
4193:Diocese of Nîmes
4188:Diocese of Mende
4147:Diocese of Digne
4069:Province of Lyon
4060:Diocese of Arras
4024:Diocese of Autun
3916:Diocese of Nancy
3876:
3869:
3862:
3853:
3827:
3808:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3763:
3754:
3748:
3742:
3741:, p. 55-57.
3736:
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3682:
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3527:
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3515:
3504:
3498:
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3467:
3458:
3457:
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3453:
3443:
3435:
3420:
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3404:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3389:
3381:
3362:
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3352:
3346:
3340:
3317:
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3312:
3302:
3294:
3273:
3272:
3263:
3257:
3251:
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3226:
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3210:
3204:
3198:
3183:
3182:
3169:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3124:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3060:
3051:
3050:
3038:
2975:
2963:
2931:
2919:
2896:
2884:
2722:
2692:
2657:Marriage at Cana
2641:Amiens Cathedral
2628:
2594:
2582:
2567:
2537:
2525:
2510:
2495:
2468:
2456:
2386:
2377:Tomb of a bishop
2374:
2362:
2282:
2242:Crossing of the
2203:
2142:
2102:Entrance of the
2038:
2023:
1995:
1794:
1765:
1750:
1702:or tribune, and
1670:
1658:
1643:
1631:
1611:Amiens Cathedral
1588:
1576:
1564:
1528:
1516:
1488:
1476:
1464:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1331:
1319:
1307:
1295:
1271:Amiens Cathedral
1260:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1102:, including the
983:
980:
961:
958:
915:Amiens Cathedral
896:
844:
832:
817:
808:The fire of 1877
805:
770:Sébastien Slodtz
746:
734:
722:
630:
618:
551:
527:Gregory of Tours
497:Gregory of Tours
406:
346:
332:
247:
245:
232:
230:
186:
185:
183:
182:
181:
176:
175:49.12°N 6.1754°E
172:
169:
168:
167:
164:
116:Year consecrated
48:
38:
31:
26:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4716:
4706:
4704:
4692:
4684:
4680:Former dioceses
4653:
4630:
4623:
4609:Diocese of Metz
4592:
4566:
4545:
4519:
4483:
4432:
4428:Diocese of Séez
4391:
4335:
4289:
4253:
4202:
4166:
4162:Diocese of Nice
4115:
4064:
4038:
4002:
3971:
3952:Diocese of Agen
3935:
3894:
3885:
3880:
3834:
3824:
3811:
3805:
3792:
3789:
3784:
3776:
3772:
3764:
3757:
3749:
3745:
3737:
3733:
3725:
3721:
3717:, p. 7–11.
3713:
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3397:
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3387:
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3320:
3310:
3308:
3300:
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3252:
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3228:
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3207:
3199:
3186:
3180:
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3163:
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3138:
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3126:
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3118:
3117:
3113:
3105:
3101:
3091:
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3079:
3069:
3067:
3062:
3061:
3054:
3048:
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2994:
2979:
2976:
2967:
2964:
2955:
2935:
2932:
2923:
2920:
2911:
2900:
2897:
2888:
2885:
2876:
2816:Valentin Bousch
2803:Valentin Bousch
2779:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2635:
2629:
2620:
2608:Valentin Bousch
2598:
2595:
2586:
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2574:
2568:
2559:
2545:
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2529:
2526:
2517:
2511:
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2487:
2472:
2469:
2460:
2457:
2448:
2428:Valentin Bousch
2401:
2390:
2387:
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2366:
2363:
2354:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1920:
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1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
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1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1754:
1751:
1742:
1717:With it is the
1683:and the choir.
1674:
1671:
1662:
1659:
1650:
1644:
1635:
1632:
1623:
1615:Reims Cathedral
1592:
1589:
1580:
1577:
1568:
1565:
1556:
1551:
1532:
1529:
1520:
1517:
1508:
1492:
1489:
1480:
1477:
1468:
1465:
1456:
1433:
1430:
1421:
1418:
1409:
1406:
1397:
1389:Reims Cathedral
1382:
1379:
1370:
1367:
1358:
1355:
1346:
1335:
1332:
1323:
1320:
1311:
1308:
1299:
1296:
1287:
1264:
1261:
1252:
1246:
1237:
1234:
1225:
1222:
1213:
1154:
1100:Valentin Bousch
981:
959:
951:
898:
886:
848:
845:
836:
833:
824:
818:
809:
806:
797:
750:
747:
738:
735:
726:
723:
714:
701:George of Baden
634:
631:
622:
619:
610:
567:
564:Auguste Migette
552:
543:
470:
465:
425:Valentin Bousch
368:bishops of Metz
364:Diocese of Metz
342:
297:
243:
241:
228:
226:
179:
177:
173:
170:
165:
162:
160:
158:
157:
79:Diocese of Metz
67:Catholic Church
51:
33:
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4791:
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4476:
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4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4440:
4438:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
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4337:
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4328:
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4267:
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4255:
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4241:
4236:
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4216:
4210:
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4200:
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4108:
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4021:
4016:
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3990:
3985:
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3908:
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3900:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3840:
3833:
3832:External links
3830:
3829:
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3809:
3803:
3788:
3785:
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3782:
3770:
3755:
3743:
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3602:
3590:
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3539:
3522:
3505:
3493:
3474:
3459:
3421:
3405:
3363:
3347:
3318:
3274:
3258:
3243:
3221:
3205:
3184:
3161:
3136:
3111:
3099:
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3020:
3015:
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3000:
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2907:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2865:Roger Bissière
2862:
2856:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2790:Jacques Villon
2787:
2781:
2780:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2672:Roger Bissière
2661:Book of Exodus
2649:Marcel Duchamp
2645:Jacques Villon
2637:
2636:
2633:Jacques Villon
2630:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2577:
2575:
2569:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2547:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2520:
2518:
2512:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2440:Jacques Villon
2436:Roger Bissière
2400:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2357:
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2240:
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2222:
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2216:
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2209:
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2192:
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2168:
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2106:
2100:
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2069:
2068:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1865:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1653:
1651:
1648:Mattia Bonetti
1645:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1559:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1275:Last Judgement
1266:
1265:
1262:
1255:
1253:
1247:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1177:Moselle valley
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1139:
1129:
1119:
1107:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1042:
1036:
1027:
1017:
1014:1285 – c. 1290
1011:
1001:
991:
975:
950:
947:
939:Jacques Villon
874:Cathedral all
871:
850:
849:
846:
839:
837:
834:
827:
825:
819:
812:
810:
807:
800:
796:
793:
752:
751:
748:
741:
739:
736:
729:
727:
724:
717:
713:
710:
636:
635:
632:
625:
623:
620:
613:
609:
606:
593:Ottonian style
569:
568:
553:
546:
542:
539:
523:ruler in 534.
472:A Gallo-Roman
469:
468:Early churches
466:
464:
461:
445:Jacques Villon
437:Roger Bissière
353:Metz Cathedral
348:
347:
339:
338:
334:
333:
326:
322:
321:
318:
314:
313:
310:
306:
305:
299:
298:
293:
290:
289:
284:
278:
277:
274:
270:
269:
266:
262:
261:
258:
254:
253:
252:Specifications
249:
248:
238:
234:
233:
223:
222:Groundbreaking
219:
218:
216:Gothic Revival
209:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
155:
149:
148:
139:
135:
134:
130:
129:
126:
122:
121:
118:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
98:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
70:
69:
64:
58:
57:
53:
52:
49:
41:
40:
29:Metz Cathedral
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4790:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4713:
4703:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4626:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4595:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4569:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4522:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4486:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4435:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4394:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4292:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4005:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3888:
3884:
3877:
3872:
3870:
3865:
3863:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3815:
3810:
3806:
3804:2-73-242117-0
3800:
3796:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3780:, p. 75.
3779:
3774:
3771:
3768:, p. 72.
3767:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3753:, p. 55.
3752:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3735:
3732:
3729:, p. 54.
3728:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3711:
3708:
3705:, p. 53.
3704:
3699:
3696:
3693:, p. 71.
3692:
3687:
3684:
3681:, p. 73.
3680:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3665:
3662:, p. 49.
3661:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3647:, p. 45.
3646:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3632:, p. 41.
3631:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3615:, p. 31.
3614:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3600:, p. 38.
3599:
3594:
3591:
3588:, p. 35.
3587:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3573:, p. 37.
3572:
3567:
3564:
3561:, p. 33.
3560:
3555:
3552:
3549:, p. 30.
3548:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3520:, p. 67.
3519:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3503:, p. 21.
3502:
3497:
3494:
3491:, p. 24.
3490:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3472:, p. 19.
3471:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3447:
3440:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3415:
3409:
3406:
3393:
3386:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3345:, p. 12.
3344:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3306:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3256:, p. 11.
3255:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3215:
3209:
3206:
3202:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3178:
3177:2-87692-495-1
3174:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3146:
3140:
3137:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3100:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3034:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2974:
2969:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2941:
2930:
2925:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2906:
2895:
2890:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2721:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2683:André Malraux
2680:
2675:
2673:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2634:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2593:
2588:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2543:
2536:
2531:
2524:
2519:
2516:
2509:
2504:
2501:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2467:
2462:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2399:Stained glass
2398:
2396:
2385:
2380:
2373:
2368:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2301:The elements
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2022:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1793:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1669:
1664:
1657:
1652:
1649:
1642:
1637:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1600:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1527:
1522:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1487:
1482:
1475:
1470:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1428:
1423:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1377:
1372:
1365:
1360:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1330:
1325:
1318:
1313:
1306:
1301:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1244:
1239:
1232:
1227:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1084:c. 1490–1500s
1082:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1030:c. 1300–1330s
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
989:
985:
976:
974:
973:Saint Stephen
971:dedicated to
970:
966:
962:
953:
952:
948:
946:
942:
940:
936:
930:
928:
922:
918:
916:
912:
908:
902:
897:
894:
890:
889:Paul Verlaine
883:
881:
877:
870:
868:
863:
858:
854:
843:
838:
831:
826:
823:
822:Albert Robida
816:
811:
804:
799:
794:
792:
790:
786:
782:
777:
773:
771:
765:
763:
758:
745:
740:
733:
728:
721:
716:
711:
709:
705:
702:
696:
694:
688:
686:
681:
675:
671:
668:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
629:
624:
617:
612:
607:
605:
601:
598:
594:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
565:
561:
557:
550:
545:
540:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:Saint Stephen
489:
487:
483:
479:
475:
467:
462:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
409:stained glass
405:
400:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
372:Saint Stephen
369:
365:
362:
358:
354:
345:
340:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
317:Reference no.
315:
311:
307:
304:
300:
296:
291:
288:
287:Jaumont Stone
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
250:
239:
235:
224:
220:
217:
213:
212:French Gothic
210:
208:
204:
201:
198:
194:
189:
184:
180:49.12; 6.1754
156:
154:
150:
147:
143:
140:
136:
131:
127:
123:
120:11 April 1552
119:
117:
113:
110:Pierre Raffin
109:
105:
102:
99:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
80:
77:
75:
71:
68:
65:
63:
54:
47:
42:
37:
27:
22:
3813:
3794:
3787:Bibliography
3773:
3746:
3734:
3722:
3710:
3698:
3686:
3593:
3566:
3554:
3542:
3530:
3525:
3496:
3450:. Retrieved
3413:
3408:
3396:. Retrieved
3355:
3350:
3309:. Retrieved
3266:
3261:
3234:. Retrieved
3224:
3213:
3208:
3203:, p. 7.
3152:. Retrieved
3139:
3127:. Retrieved
3114:
3109:, p. 3.
3102:
3090:. Retrieved
3080:
3068:. Retrieved
3041:Base Mérimée
3036:
2982:
2942:
2938:
2903:
2859:
2852:Marc Chagall
2846:
2836:
2829:Marc Chagall
2823:
2810:
2797:
2784:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2706:
2679:Marc Chagall
2676:
2669:
2638:
2601:
2548:
2475:
2432:Marc Chagall
2421:
2413:silver stain
2409:
2402:
2393:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2293:
2274:
2262:
2250:
2237:
2225:
2219:Altar candle
2213:
2204:
2195:
2185:
2175:
2170:Apse chapel
2165:
2153:
2134:
2122:
2110:
2097:
2084:
2072:
2060:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2014:
2002:
1987:
1975:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1779:
1761:
1757:
1730:choir stalls
1729:
1727:
1718:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1703:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1677:
1604:
1595:
1543:
1535:
1495:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1385:
1338:
1267:
1201:Neoclassical
1193:
1155:
1146:Marc Chagall
1141:
1131:
1122:c.1850–1880s
1121:
1113:Neoclassical
1109:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1044:
1038:
1029:
1019:
1013:
1003:
993:
988:Early Gothic
977:
954:
943:
935:Marc Chagall
931:
927:Marc Chagall
923:
919:
903:
899:
892:
885:
879:
875:
873:
859:
855:
851:
785:Neoclassical
778:
774:
766:
753:
706:
697:
689:
676:
672:
664:
637:
602:
589:
581:East Francia
579:allied with
570:
525:
517:Theudebert I
490:
486:Roman Empire
471:
453:Marc Chagall
388:
352:
351:
325:Denomination
302:
273:Height (max)
191:Architecture
4629:Ordinariate
3778:Wagner 2013
3766:Wagner 2013
3751:Wagner 2013
3739:Wagner 2013
3727:Wagner 2013
3715:Brisac 1994
3703:Wagner 2013
3691:Wagner 2013
3679:Wagner 2013
3660:Wagner 2013
3645:Wagner 2013
3630:Wagner 2013
3613:Wagner 2013
3598:Wagner 2013
3586:Wagner 2013
3571:Wagner 2013
3559:Wagner 2013
3547:Wagner 2013
3537:, (p. 155).
3518:Wagner 2013
3501:Wagner 2013
3489:Wagner 2013
3470:Wagner 2013
3418:(in French)
3360:(in French)
3343:Wagner 2013
3271:(in French)
3254:Wagner 2013
3218:(in French)
3201:Wagner 2013
3181:(in French)
3150:(in French)
3125:(in French)
3107:Wagner 2013
3088:(in French)
3066:(in French)
3049:(in French)
2986:Charlemagne
2867:'s windows
2854:'s windows
2831:'s windows
2818:'s windows
2805:'s windows
2792:'s windows
2714:'s windows
2687:Paris Opera
2653:Mount Horeb
2631:Windows by
2612:Renaissance
2285:choirstalls
2116:Apse chapel
2054:Lady Chapel
1053:rose window
1034:Lady Chapel
982: 1180
960: 1040
757:rood screen
573:Charlemagne
521:Merovingian
433:Romanticism
417:Renaissance
178: /
62:Affiliation
4727:Categories
3795:Le Vitrail
3232:(in Latin)
3045:PA00106817
3029:References
2201:Bell tower
2128:Ambulatory
1680:flamboyant
1499:flamboyant
1279:William II
1207:elements.
1173:topography
1090:1504–1520s
1068:1486–1490s
556:Romanesque
531:Chrodegang
320:PA00106817
309:Designated
163:49°07′12″N
107:Leadership
3452:6 January
3398:6 January
3311:6 January
3236:6 January
3092:6 January
2417:grisaille
2205:Capitulum
2089:Southern
1599:triforium
1538:Rayonnant
1205:Neogothic
1158:Rayonnant
1142:1965–1967
1136:Neogothic
1132:1889–1903
1126:ornaments
1110:1761–1764
1096:1518–1539
1062:1478–1483
1004:1265–1285
876:en volute
867:William I
399:Beauvais
384:Eucharist
357:cathedral
282:Materials
237:Completed
166:6°10′31″E
101:Cathedral
4658:See also
3446:Archived
3392:Archived
3305:Archived
2992:See also
2953:Treasury
2946:Rabelais
2244:transept
2159:East end
2091:transept
1785:Westwork
1704:cathedre
1549:Interior
1454:Transept
1167:. As in
1152:Exterior
1104:tympanum
1078:tympanum
1049:tympanum
1008:triforia
998:Ottonian
965:Ottonian
895:, 1896.
789:Louis XV
577:Lorraine
560:Ottonian
457:Kimsooja
361:Catholic
138:Location
133:Location
74:District
56:Religion
3838:Photos
3442:(VIDEO)
3388:(VIDEO)
3301:(VIDEO)
3148:(VIDEO)
3123:(VIDEO)
3070:29 June
2695:Number
2268:Lectern
2008:Narthex
1768:Number
1719:retable
1189:narthex
1181:portals
1175:of the
693:Boppard
597:Moselle
474:oppidum
463:History
441:Tachism
359:of the
355:is the
337:Website
242: (
227: (
3847:Flickr
3820:
3801:
3535:Online
3175:
3154:2 July
3129:2 July
2874:Organs
2665:Easter
2659:, the
2655:, the
2544:(1390)
2341:, and
2190:Aisle
2145:Chevet
2021:chapel
1993:Portal
1734:Colmar
1714:Weis.
1506:Chevet
1161:Gothic
1024:vaults
984:– 1207
969:shrine
955:984 –
680:canons
656:German
648:French
566:(1862)
513:Clovis
505:Attila
501:shrine
499:, the
482:Treves
455:, and
449:Cubism
413:Gothic
395:Amiens
376:chevet
330:Église
265:Length
200:Church
146:France
128:Active
125:Status
2909:Crypt
2298:Axis
2280:Choir
2256:Altar
2207:tower
2104:crypt
2078:Organ
2066:Aisle
2042:tower
2040:Mutte
2036:Spire
2019:Side
1981:Porch
1700:Ambon
1185:porch
1020:1290s
880:Mutte
535:Pepin
207:Style
89:Roman
3818:ISBN
3799:ISBN
3454:2013
3400:2013
3313:2013
3238:2013
3173:ISBN
3156:2012
3131:2012
3094:2013
3072:2012
2438:and
2403:The
2231:Nave
2140:Apse
1728:The
1709:The
1554:Nave
1203:and
1074:1504
1045:1384
1039:1380
994:1220
913:and
554:The
509:Huns
480:and
478:Lyon
415:and
397:and
312:1930
260:West
244:1550
240:1550
229:1220
225:1220
196:Type
142:Metz
85:Rite
3845:on
1391:.
558:or
507:'s
451:),
443:),
435:),
4729::
3758:^
3667:^
3652:^
3637:^
3620:^
3605:^
3578:^
3508:^
3477:^
3462:^
3444:.
3424:^
3390:.
3366:^
3321:^
3303:.
3277:^
3246:^
3187:^
3179:.
3164:^
3055:^
3043::
2481:.
2343:25
2339:23
2337:,
2335:22
2333:,
2331:21
2329:,
2327:19
2325:,
2323:15
2321:,
2319:14
2317:,
2315:13
2313:,
2309:,
2305:,
2294:26
2275:25
2263:24
2251:23
2238:22
2226:21
2214:20
2196:19
2186:18
2176:17
2166:16
2154:15
2135:14
2123:13
2111:12
2098:11
2085:10
1966:25
1959:24
1952:23
1945:22
1938:21
1931:20
1924:19
1917:18
1910:17
1903:16
1896:15
1889:14
1882:13
1875:12
1868:11
1861:10
979:c.
957:c.
937:,
909:,
891:,
887:—
658::
654:,
650::
459:.
386:.
214:;
144:,
3875:e
3868:t
3861:v
3826:.
3807:.
3456:.
3402:.
3315:.
3240:.
3158:.
3133:.
3096:.
3074:.
2860:8
2847:7
2837:6
2824:5
2811:4
2798:3
2785:2
2775:8
2768:7
2761:6
2754:5
2747:4
2740:3
2733:2
2726:1
2707:1
2311:4
2307:2
2303:1
2287:)
2283:(
2147:)
2143:(
2073:9
2061:8
2049:7
2031:6
2015:5
2003:4
1988:3
1976:2
1854:9
1847:8
1840:7
1833:6
1826:5
1819:4
1812:3
1805:2
1798:1
1780:1
447:(
439:(
431:(
246:)
231:)
23:.
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