87:, started a program designed to help the local economy, in particular that to the local women, who had been limited to selling candy on the street in cities. She taught the local people her style of making rag dolls, which originally include the use of buttons so that the dolls would have movable arms and legs, but since then, the design has been modified to the current version. However, the Mazahua people of neighbouring Michoacan state have also laid claim to the dolls. The dress of the dolls is similar to that of both the Mazahua and the Otomi of this area. The popularity of the dolls surged around the same time of the popularity of a movie personality called
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grandmother. However, the "Maria" dolls most likely originated in southern
Queretaro, especially the municipality of Amealco, a heavily Otomi (Ñhañhü) area. According to Queretaro state authorities, the Marias originate from the communities of Santiago Mexquititlan and San Ildefonso Tultepec in the municipality of Amealco de Bonfil. They may date back to only the 1970s, when Guadalupe Rivera, daughter of muralist
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the first museum in Mexico dedicated solely to traditional handcrafted dolls, located in the town center in a building from the 19th century. The town is also home to the annual
Handcrafted Doll Festival (Festival de la Muñeca Artesanal) held in November. The town now holds an annual national contest for handcrafted dolls.
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Various types of rag dolls have been made, but the most common have smiling faces, indigenous-like dress, and hair braided with ribbons. They have been called "Marias," but are more often simply called "rag dolls" (muñecas de trapo). Ranging in size from three to forty five centimeters and sometimes
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The dolls are strongly tied to
Amealco, where seventy percent of the indigenous population or about 3,000 people are dedicated to the making of these and another type of rag doll, which accounts for at least part of their income. Many are self-taught or taught through friends or family. Amealco has
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Rag dolls of various types have a long history in Mexico, especially since the colonial period. The making of dolls from old bits of clothing is still common among Mexico's indigenous populations, often using clothing that had been worn out by some member of the family, and made by mother or
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The most authentic of the dolls are made by hand and/or sewing machine in homes or small workshops, mostly by women but sometimes men and children participate. Most of the materials are commercially-made, such as fabric and buttons, but the most traditional filling is a local fiber called
39:
are those whose origins can be traced back to MĂ©xico City with the creation of a workshop "Centro de
CapacitaciĂłn Mazahua", with the intentions to enhance income opportunities for the Mazahua-OtomĂ people after their migration to the larger cities, in search for a better future. In
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more, the dolls can be found for sale just about anywhere in Mexico, especially in tourist venues. Because of this, they have become a symbol of Mexico for foreigners and have been shipped outside of the country, primarily to the United States, Canada and South
America.
52:). Mexico has a long history of making rag dolls, but the ones known popularly from their appearance nationally, especially in tourist venues may date back only to the 1970s, during the time the workshop was running. Although
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is strongly connected to these dolls, their making is not limited and has spread into various states, with some variations in dress and appearance, but always keeping with wide faces and hair generously braided with ribbons.
44:, they have been called "Marias" and they have registered a patent for the doll as an attempt to increase tourism. This action has been criticized by some people because it could be perceived as an attempt to
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However, the making of the dolls is not limited to
Amealco. Because of their popularity, their manufacture either by handcrafting or more industrial methods expanded to other parts of Queretaro, into
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115:(especially among Otomi populations there) and then into other states. This expansion has led to variations in the doll's dress and sometimes appearance, such as skin tone.
136:" for the dolls to have only those made in southern Queretaro as authentic, but this was denied, principally because the dolls are primarily made with non-local materials.
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128:. Although the ribbon-adorned version with the wide face is by far the most popular, other variations have come about such as dolls representing
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a craft that belongs to the
Mazahua-OtomĂ people. Throughout the country people call them "rag dolls" (
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and those made with more ecological materials. In 2014, the state of
Queretaro filed paperwork to seek "
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Otomi woman crafting a traditional doll, Amealco de Bonfil, Queretaro.
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431:"Busca Querétaro denominación de origen para muñecas artesanales".
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254:"Está en Amealco el Ăşnico Museo de la Muñeca Artesanal del paĂs"
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357:"Realizarán tercer Festival de la Muñeca Artesanal en Amealco"
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Rows of "Marias" for sale in San Angel, Mexico City
758:Museo de la Laca and the Santo Domingo monastery
290:"Muñecas de trapo mexicanas, toda una tradición"
219:. Mexico City: El Sol de MĂ©xico. Archived from
406:"Presentan en QuerĂ©taro nueva muñeca indĂgena"
159:"Muñecas de trapo, una tradición muy mexicana"
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217:"Exportarán muñecas artesanales de Querétaro"
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288:Elvira Jiménez Carrera (December 26, 2014).
260:. Mexico City. March 2, 2015. Archived from
78:A completely handstiched version of the doll
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778:Museo Regional de la Ceramica, Tlaquepaque
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292:. Queretaro: Revista Viaja. Archived from
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380:"Realizan concurso de muñecas en Amealco"
189:Mary Liñán González (February 28, 2014).
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768:Museo Estatal de Arte Popular de Oaxaca
378:Minerva Contreras (November 17, 2013).
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191:"Muñecas otomĂs se adaptan al mercado"
355:Irán Hernández (September 21, 2015).
328:Lucero Guerrero (November 24, 2014).
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972:Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys
967:Traditional metal working in Mexico
330:"El arte de hacer muñecas de trapo"
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962:Traditional copper work in Mexico
165:. Mexico City. September 15, 2011
435:. Mexico City. October 15, 2013.
544:Textiles and other fiber crafts
520:Green glazed pottery of Atzompa
474:Mexican handcrafts and folk art
215:Laura Banda (January 4, 2016).
793:National Museum of Mexican Art
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922:Mexican handcrafted fireworks
798:National Pyrotechnic Festival
412:. Mexico City. March 26, 2015
829:Handcrafts by federal entity
803:Palm Sunday Handcraft Market
773:Museo Nacional de la Máscara
359:. Mexico: State of Queretaro
193:. Mexico City: El Financiero
748:Mexico City Alebrije Parade
695:Tenancingo, State of Mexico
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982:Votive paintings of Mexico
763:Museo de Trajes Regionales
18:Mexican rag dolls (Marias)
927:Mexican ironwood carvings
820:List of Mexican artisans
743:Feria Maestros del Arte
515:Blanco family (Oaxaca)
134:denomination of origin
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46:culturally appropriate
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937:Mexican mask-folk art
753:Museo de Arte Popular
668:Santa Clara del Cobre
653:San Bartolo Coyotepec
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95:The dolls and Amealco
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942:Mexican pointy boots
658:San MartĂn Tilcajete
296:on February 26, 2016
1013:Mexican handicrafts
932:Mexican lacquerware
917:Mexican featherwork
907:Alfeñique in Mexico
700:Teotitlán del Valle
685:Santo Tomás Jalieza
680:Santa MarĂa Atzompa
627:Miss Lupita project
510:Barro negro pottery
493:Ceramics of Jalisco
987:MarĂa Teresa Pomar
648:Ocotlán de Morelos
596:Textiles of Oaxaca
591:Textiles of Mexico
586:Tenango embroidery
556:Basketry of Mexico
525:Mata Ortiz pottery
498:Pottery of Metepec
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724:Organizations and
481:Clay and ceramics
37:Mexican rag dolls
16:(Redirected from
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738:Ciudadela Market
566:Mexican rag doll
530:Talavera pottery
488:Mexican ceramics
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258:Nuevo Periodismo
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35:The best known
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895:Related topics
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89:La India Maria
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952:Popotillo art
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503:Soteno family
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673:Punzo family
641:Crafts towns
622:Lupita dolls
576:Quechquemitl
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535:Tree of Life
432:
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414:. Retrieved
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388:. Retrieved
384:El Universal
383:
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361:. Retrieved
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338:. Retrieved
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298:. Retrieved
294:the original
266:. Retrieved
262:the original
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225:. Retrieved
221:the original
195:. Retrieved
167:. Retrieved
162:
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119:Authenticity
110:
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85:Diego Rivera
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61:Significance
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36:
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992:Marta Turok
912:Huichol art
861:Mexico City
710:Tlaquepaque
705:Tlalpujahua
663:San Pablito
416:February 2,
410:Radio Trece
390:February 2,
386:. Queretaro
363:February 2,
340:February 2,
336:. Queretaro
334:NW Noticias
300:February 2,
268:February 2,
227:February 2,
197:February 2,
169:February 2,
130:Frida Kahlo
1007:Categories
841:Guanajuato
617:CartonerĂa
163:Publimetro
140:References
113:Guanajuato
1018:Rag dolls
866:Michoacán
726:festivals
42:Queretaro
902:Alebrije
886:Tlaxcala
846:Guerrero
812:Artisans
947:Piteado
856:Jalisco
851:Hidalgo
836:Chiapas
690:Temoaya
433:NOTIMEX
70:History
54:Amealco
977:Vochol
876:Puebla
871:Oaxaca
632:Piñata
581:Rebozo
571:Petate
561:Huipil
612:Amate
605:Paper
126:guata
818:see
418:2016
392:2016
365:2016
342:2016
302:2016
270:2016
229:2016
199:2016
171:2016
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201:.
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20:)
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