41:
754:
442:
519:
547:
491:
463:
449:
505:
561:
477:
533:
575:
671:
in June. A recurring problem for both sides was the reluctance of regiments to serve outside their home areas and many of Waller's men now deserted, including some in
Livesey's unit. This led to accusations of cowardice and mutiny from his subordinate, Major Anthony Weldon, who had made similar
394:
and bought
Hollingbourne. Hayward also served as Sheriff of Kent in 1623, an unusual move since such offices were normally held by an established member of the local community. He and his step-son do not appear to have been close; in 1632, Livesey unsuccessfully tried to recover Hollingbourne
1562:
812:
in 1654. He confined himself to local politics, serving as High
Sheriff of Kent in 1655 and 1656 and when the Rump was reinstated in May 1659, he supported the civilian faction in Parliament against the Army's
398:
Livesey's marriage to
Elizabeth Clinton-Fiennes (died 1666) produced two daughters, Deborah and Anne (1634–?), who later married Sir Robert Sprignell (1622–1688). His baronetcy was confiscated in 1660.
625:
in
December 1642. He was also a member of the Kent County Committee which administered civil affairs, although he fell out with the more moderate members, allegedly due to the extremity of his views.
660:
and Kent, important for its wealth and access to ports in
Northern Europe. The furthest point reached by the Royalists, by January 1644 they had been forced back into Hampshire.
1325:
Hunneyball, Paul (2010). "HAYWARD, Sir John (c.1591-1636), of Acton
Burnell, Salop; later of Hollingbourne and Rochester, Kent". In Thrush, Andrew; Ferris, John P. (eds.).
790:
309:
777:
surrendered in
September. The Second Civil War was fought with greater bitterness than the first, with both sides executing prisoners, while it convinced Livesey,
1537:
387:
424:
356:
282:
76:
1522:
435:
on behalf of 'the
Knights, Gentry and Commonalty of the County of Kent', which expressed support for the reforms carried out since November 1640.
420:
277:
for
Parliament, raising a regiment of cavalry and serving on the local administration. He resigned his commission in early 1645 and was appointed
1527:
1421:
1345:
588:
441:
297:
1552:
1547:
1457:
1303:
1273:
1174:
730:. On 4 July, a petition was presented to Parliament demanding the resumption of negotiations with Charles, and on the same day, the
849:
of alleged Catholic practices; it covered a wide range of religious and political views, including some who later became Royalists.
753:
1368:
1255:
1532:
1326:
731:
696:
1542:
629:
781:
and others that further talks with Charles were pointless. After MPs who supported continuing negotiations were excluded by
379:
in 1571. These were transferred to Gabriel, who was Sheriff of Kent in 1618, making the family a leading part of the county
718:
Despite this victory, Kent remained an area of concern, particularly after nine warships of the Parliamentary-controlled
1356:
40:
677:
347:
Michael Livesey was the only surviving son of Gabriel Livesey (1567–1622) and his second wife Anne, daughter of Sir
1470:
255:
192:
1184:
668:
212:
1394:
691:
as MP for Queenborough. After the war ended in May 1646, he opposed negotiations with Charles and supported the
805:
766:
704:
653:
644:
were Parliament's main source of armaments. In late November, Livesey and 120 cavalry linked up with Waller at
286:
202:
699:. When pro-Royalist riots broke out in Kent in December 1647, Livesey was sent to quell them; he remained in
335:. Claims he was assassinated by Royalist agents shortly afterwards are incorrect; he appears to have died in
1213:
814:
598:
270:
1355:
M.R.P. (1981). "SONDES, Michael (d.1617), of Throwley, Eastry and Sheldwich, Kent". In Hasler, P.W. (ed.).
1205:
A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and Scotland
798:
364:
263:
1245:
804:
Over the next few years, Livesey became disillusioned as Parliament's powers were first delegated to the
1517:
1313:
723:
688:
641:
395:'through a trick of law', rather than paying for it, and Sir John's will left it to a distant relative.
313:
1512:
774:
758:
614:
428:
412:
360:
352:
321:
301:
278:
247:
55:
31:
1557:
712:
692:
622:
197:
1223:
818:
700:
664:
328:
290:
207:
862:, chairman of the Kent Committee, who also had a reputation for quarrelling with his colleagues
1284:
825:. Claims that he was assassinated by Royalist agents are incorrect; he appears to have died in
1453:
1417:
1341:
1299:
1269:
1170:
846:
648:, where the Parliamentarian forces had concentrated to resist Hopton's advance. He missed the
1373:
809:
782:
408:
317:
305:
1235:
786:
778:
649:
606:
432:
289:
in 1648, he once again displayed energy and commitment in suppressing Royalist risings in
859:
747:
727:
708:
681:
618:
348:
128:
1506:
1244:
822:
794:
372:
332:
673:
1385:
407:
Details on Livesey's life prior to 1640 are limited, other than the purchase of a
1215:
Prince Charleses ship taken by Sir Michael Livesey. Captaine Green taken prisoner
657:
1377:
1250:
770:
719:
610:
391:
376:
108:
613:, although Livesey was forced to apologise for the damage they caused to the
826:
633:
602:
336:
251:
124:
1432:
605:
and Livesey raised a regiment of local cavalry. His unit seized control of
1396:
The Cromwell Association Online Directory of Parliamentarian Army Officers
986:
984:
743:
738:. This was insufficient for the task and the Royalists retreated through
259:
218:
1483:
746:
by a force led by Livesey. On 27 July, Fairfax reported his capture at
645:
416:
243:
179:
163:
739:
735:
707:
began in April 1648, suppressing unrest in Sussex and supporting Sir
680:
but resigned his commission when his regiment was transferred to the
637:
380:
1286:
The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 6
785:
in December, Livesey was included in the reduced body known as the
617:. As part of the Army of the Southern Association commanded by Sir
845:"Puritan" was a general term for those who wanted to "purify" the
752:
339:
around June 1665, although some biographies give an earlier date.
431:. In February 1642, he organised and presented a petition to the
1167:
Counter-revolution: The Second Civil War and Its Origins, 1646–8
368:
274:
112:
1052:
829:
around June 1665, although some biographies give this as 1663.
821:
to the throne in May 1660, Livesey and his wife fled to the
273:
in August 1642, Livesey played a prominent role in securing
1563:
Parliamentarian military personnel of the English Civil War
1366:
Peacey, JT (2004). "Livesay , Sir Michael, first baronet".
331:
in 1660, he was condemned as a regicide and escaped to the
1393:
Roberts, Stephen K, ed. (2017). "Surnames beginning 'L".
1358:
The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558-1603
1328:
The History of Parliament; the House of Commons 1604-1629
386:
After Gabriel's death in 1622, Anne married her cousin
769:
on 17 August, but the revolt in Kent ended only after
742:, before they were intercepted and scattered outside
316:, he became disillusioned after the establishment of
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
16:
17th-century English Puritan activist and politician
1414:
Civil War: The Wars of the Three Kingdoms 1638–1660
695:in its clash with Parliamentarian moderates led by
185:
175:
170:
158:
150:
142:
134:
118:
102:
97:
72:
54:
23:
672:accusations against his superiors when serving in
687:In September 1645, Livesey replaced the Royalist
1433:"The Church of All Saints, Eastchurch in Shepey"
791:High Court of Justice for the trial of Charles I
711:in the campaign which ended with the capture of
894:
1259:. Vol. 60. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1314:"Die Lunæ, 18 Septembris, 1643: Major Welden"
601:began in August 1642, most of Kent supported
8:
1372:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
304:, Livesey was one of the MPs retained after
1266:The Royalists during the Puritan Revolution
425:William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele
367:in 1602 and 1603, who purchased estates in
1466:
1338:Government and Politics in Kent, 1640–1914
930:
918:
734:raised 400 cavalry in an attempt to seize
312:. A strong believer in the sovereignty of
20:
1185:"Sir Michael Livesey's Regiment of Horse"
1028:
1016:
808:, before being dissolved and replaced by
1004:
963:
750:of one of the ships which had defected.
1369:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1296:A Short History of Early Modern England
1115:
1067:
990:
875:
838:
765:The main Royalist army was defeated at
652:on 13 December preventing an attack on
421:Theophilus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln
1231:
1221:
1127:
975:
951:
906:
882:
663:Livesey rejoined Waller and fought at
390:(1591–1636), who sold his property in
363:. His paternal grandfather Robert was
300:who opposed further negotiations with
1538:Baronets in the Baronetage of England
1139:
1103:
1091:
1079:
1040:
518:
7:
1203:Burke, John; Burke, Bernard (1844).
628:In late 1643, a Royalist army under
621:, he participated in the capture of
89:September 1645 – April 1653
1452:(2001 ed.). Penguin Classics.
1361:– via History of Parliament.
1331:– via History of Parliament.
761:; Livesey signed his death warrant
546:
490:
308:in December 1648, and appointed a
14:
656:, which controlled the road into
462:
448:
1256:Dictionary of National Biography
573:
559:
545:
531:
517:
504:
503:
489:
475:
461:
447:
440:
238:(1614 - circa 1665), also spelt
236:Sir Michael Livesey, 1st Baronet
39:
1523:People from the Isle of Sheppey
1431:Scott Robertson, Canon (1882).
1320:. Vol. 3, 1643–1644. 1802.
1318:Journal of the House of Commons
1243:Firth, Charles Harding (1899).
1054:Journal of the House of Commons
560:
411:in 1627 and his appointment as
320:in 1654, although he served as
1443:. Kent Archaeological Society.
676:. Livesey was absolved by the
476:
419:his marriage connected him to
1:
1336:Lansberry, Frederick (2001).
532:
1528:Military personnel from Kent
1386:UK public library membership
574:
427:, both leading opponents of
365:Sheriff of Sussex and Surrey
678:Committee for Both Kingdoms
415:in 1637. Known as a devout
1579:
1158:The Civil War in Hampshire
256:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
193:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
1481:
1476:
1469:
1450:The King's War, 1641-1647
1416:(2006 ed.). Abacus.
285:in September. During the
229:
93:
82:
61:
50:
38:
1399:. British History Online
1212:Fairfax, Thomas (1648).
806:English Council of State
705:Second English Civil War
287:Second English Civil War
162:Landowner, soldier, and
1283:Hasted, Edward (1798).
1264:Hardacre, Paul (1956).
1246:"Weldon, Anthony"
1165:Ashton, Robert (1994).
817:. After Charles II was
815:Wallingford House party
599:First English Civil War
310:judge at Charles' trial
271:First English Civil War
269:At the outbreak of the
1533:Regicides of Charles I
1412:Royle, Trevor (2004).
1378:10.1093/ref:odnb/16797
1294:Herman, Peter (2011).
1160:. Privately published.
931:Burke & Burke 1844
762:
264:Execution of Charles I
154:Anne; Deborah (1634-?)
1553:English MPs 1648–1653
1548:English MPs 1640–1648
1543:High sheriffs of Kent
1471:Baronetage of England
1448:Wedgwood, CV (1958).
1437:Archaeologia Cantiana
858:A younger son of Sir
756:
1058:, pp. 245, 508.
895:Scott Robertson 1882
801:on 30 January 1649.
589:class=notpageimage|
413:Justice of the Peace
361:High Sheriff of Kent
322:High Sheriff of Kent
279:Member of Parliament
258:. He was one of the
248:Member of Parliament
73:Member of Parliament
56:High Sheriff of Kent
1298:. Wiley-Blackwell.
1142:, pp. 475–478.
1082:, pp. 448–449.
909:, pp. 245–258.
789:. Appointed to the
592:Kent; key locations
198:Siege of Chichester
45:Sir Michael Livesey
1207:. John Russ Smith.
1169:. The Bath Press.
1156:Anonymous (1904).
763:
701:South East England
667:in March 1644 and
329:Stuart Restoration
324:in 1655 and 1656.
291:South East England
250:who served in the
146:Elizabeth (?-1665)
1501:
1500:
1423:978-0-349-11564-1
1384:(Subscription or
1347:978-0-85115-586-9
1340:. Boydell Press.
1031:, pp. 7, 17.
847:Church of England
757:The Execution of
266:in January 1649.
262:who approved the
233:
232:
1570:
1488:(of East Church)
1467:
1463:
1444:
1427:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1389:
1381:
1362:
1351:
1332:
1321:
1309:
1290:
1279:
1260:
1248:
1239:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1219:
1208:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1180:
1161:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1032:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1002:
996:
988:
979:
973:
967:
961:
955:
949:
934:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
898:
892:
886:
880:
863:
856:
850:
843:
810:the Protectorate
793:, he signed the
689:William Harrison
630:Sir Ralph Hopton
577:
576:
563:
562:
549:
548:
535:
534:
521:
520:
507:
506:
493:
492:
479:
478:
465:
464:
451:
450:
444:
388:Sir John Hayward
343:Personal details
318:the Protectorate
254:army during the
171:Military service
98:Personal details
87:
66:
43:
21:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1503:
1502:
1491:
1486:
1460:
1447:
1430:
1424:
1411:
1402:
1400:
1392:
1383:
1365:
1354:
1348:
1335:
1324:
1312:
1306:
1293:
1282:
1276:
1263:
1242:
1230:
1220:
1211:
1202:
1193:
1191:
1183:
1177:
1164:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1126:
1122:
1118:, pp. 3–4.
1114:
1110:
1106:, pp. 453.
1102:
1098:
1090:
1086:
1078:
1074:
1066:
1062:
1051:
1047:
1039:
1035:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1011:
1003:
999:
989:
982:
974:
970:
962:
958:
950:
937:
929:
925:
919:Hunneyball 2010
917:
913:
905:
901:
893:
889:
881:
877:
872:
867:
866:
857:
853:
844:
840:
835:
787:Rump Parliament
779:Oliver Cromwell
732:Earl of Holland
724:Prince of Wales
684:in early 1645.
669:Cropredy Bridge
650:Battle of Alton
595:
594:
593:
591:
585:
584:
583:
582:
578:
570:
569:
568:
564:
556:
555:
554:
550:
542:
541:
540:
536:
528:
527:
526:
522:
514:
513:
512:
508:
500:
499:
498:
494:
486:
485:
484:
480:
472:
471:
470:
466:
458:
457:
456:
452:
433:Long Parliament
405:
345:
252:Parliamentarian
225:
123:
107:
88:
83:
74:
67:
62:
46:
34:
29:
28:Michael Livesey
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1576:
1574:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1459:978-0141390727
1458:
1445:
1428:
1422:
1409:
1390:
1363:
1352:
1346:
1333:
1322:
1310:
1305:978-1405195607
1304:
1291:
1280:
1275:978-9401745635
1274:
1261:
1240:
1232:|website=
1209:
1200:
1181:
1176:978-0300061147
1175:
1162:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1132:
1130:, p. 442.
1120:
1108:
1096:
1094:, p. 452.
1084:
1072:
1060:
1045:
1033:
1029:Lansberry 2001
1021:
1019:, p. 128.
1017:Anonymous 1904
1009:
1007:, p. 281.
997:
980:
978:, p. 189.
968:
956:
935:
933:, p. 500.
923:
911:
899:
897:, p. 379.
887:
874:
873:
871:
868:
865:
864:
860:Anthony Weldon
851:
837:
836:
834:
831:
775:Sandown Castle
709:Thomas Fairfax
682:New Model Army
642:iron foundries
619:William Waller
587:
586:
580:
579:
572:
571:
566:
565:
558:
557:
552:
551:
544:
543:
538:
537:
530:
529:
524:
523:
516:
515:
510:
509:
502:
501:
496:
495:
488:
487:
482:
481:
474:
473:
468:
467:
460:
459:
454:
453:
446:
445:
439:
438:
437:
404:
401:
349:Michael Sondes
344:
341:
327:Following the
302:King Charles I
231:
230:
227:
226:
224:
223:
222:
221:
215:
213:Copredy Bridge
210:
205:
203:Bramber Bridge
200:
189:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
129:Dutch Republic
120:
116:
115:
104:
100:
99:
95:
94:
91:
90:
80:
79:
70:
69:
59:
58:
52:
51:
48:
47:
44:
36:
35:
30:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1575:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1461:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1398:
1397:
1391:
1387:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1349:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1241:
1237:
1225:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1005:Wedgwood 1958
1001:
998:
994:
993:
987:
985:
981:
977:
972:
969:
966:, p. 10.
965:
964:Hardacre 1956
960:
957:
953:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
936:
932:
927:
924:
920:
915:
912:
908:
903:
900:
896:
891:
888:
884:
879:
876:
869:
861:
855:
852:
848:
842:
839:
832:
830:
828:
824:
823:Low Countries
820:
816:
811:
807:
802:
800:
796:
795:death warrant
792:
788:
784:
783:Pride's Purge
780:
776:
772:
768:
760:
755:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
697:Denzil Holles
694:
690:
685:
683:
679:
675:
670:
666:
661:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
632:marched into
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
590:
525:Hollingbourne
443:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
402:
400:
396:
393:
389:
384:
382:
378:
374:
373:Hollingbourne
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
342:
340:
338:
334:
333:Low Countries
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
306:Pride's Purge
303:
299:
294:
292:
288:
284:
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1513:1611 births
1251:Lee, Sidney
1189:BCW Project
1128:Ashton 1994
992:BCW Project
976:Herman 2011
952:Peacey 2004
907:Hasted 1798
883:M.R.P. 1981
722:joined the
658:East Sussex
296:Known as a
135:Nationality
1558:Roundheads
1507:Categories
1496:Attainted
1492:1627–1660
1388:required.)
1289:. Bristow.
1140:Royle 2004
1104:Royle 2004
1092:Royle 2004
1080:Royle 2004
1041:Firth 1899
870:References
720:Royal Navy
623:Chichester
611:Canterbury
603:Parliament
553:Canterbury
497:Eastchurch
392:Shropshire
377:Eastchurch
314:Parliament
298:Republican
159:Occupation
109:Eastchurch
1234:ignored (
1224:cite book
833:Footnotes
827:Rotterdam
799:execution
759:Charles I
715:in June.
713:Maidstone
703:when the
634:Hampshire
615:Cathedral
607:Rochester
597:When the
469:Maidstone
455:Rochester
429:Charles I
409:baronetcy
337:Rotterdam
281:(MP) for
260:regicides
125:Rotterdam
85:In office
68:1655–1657
64:In office
819:restored
797:for his
748:Sandwich
744:Surbiton
665:Cheriton
640:, whose
511:Sandwich
242:, was a
219:Surbiton
208:Cheriton
166:activist
151:Children
1484:Baronet
1403:4 March
1253:(ed.).
1194:6 March
1150:Sources
767:Preston
728:Holland
654:Bramber
646:Farnham
567:Sandown
417:Puritan
244:Puritan
240:Livesay
180:Colonel
164:Puritan
138:English
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736:London
638:Sussex
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403:Career
381:gentry
143:Spouse
1249:. In
539:Dover
1454:ISBN
1418:ISBN
1405:2021
1342:ISBN
1300:ISBN
1270:ISBN
1236:help
1196:2021
1171:ISBN
1056:1802
773:and
771:Deal
636:and
609:and
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423:and
375:and
369:Kent
359:and
355:for
275:Kent
176:Rank
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