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451:(DKE) called the decision "political correctness gone wrong" and filed a discrimination lawsuit against Wesleyan. In the case, where the Kent Literary Club (KLC), the alumni chapter of DKE, was suing Wesleyan University, the jury ruled in KLC's favor on the grounds that Roth had given frats three years to meet requirements, and the option for living in single-sex frats was taken away within a year. Wesleyan took the case to the
455:, which heard oral arguments in the case in early 2019. On March 5, 2021, the Connecticut Supreme Court "reverse the judgment of the trial court and remand the case for a new trial." On March 22, 2022, the University "reached a settlement in the Kent Literary Club et al. v. Wesleyan University et al. court case ... ending the case seven years after the lawsuit was initially filed."
412:, and the University announced in May 2011 a $ 2 million donation to establish the Patricelli Center for Social Entrepreneurship, which will support students who want to create programs and organizations serving the public good anywhere in the world. A College of the Environment also has been launched and serves as the University's third multidisciplinary College in addition to the
491:, in part stating, "I don't see Wesleyan's selling stock as being at all relevant to the creation of conditions for peace in the Middle East. Indeed, I think that the call for selling stock is a distraction from the essential policy and diplomatic challenges ahead." This put him in direct conflict with the student protesters' ideologies.
607:, including the lyrics, "Roth's killing AFAM, where's our inclusion?" A panel with both targets was held later in the day, where many students still found frustration with Roth and Weissman given lack of concrete action of the issue. In a blog post two days later, Roth announced the search for more professors.
650:
We understand that when the contract between
Wesleyan University and Sun Services was made, an agreement was reached that if the new company broke any of the Union contract policies, the contract with the company would be broken immediately...We the custodians that work at your facility ask that Sun
570:
These events spurred protests on
October 10, 2016, during an open house day at Wesleyan. These were known under the name "Who Runs Wes?". Students had various flyers, demonstrations, and disruptions meant to bring attention to shortcomings of the University, including lack of transparency regarding
521:
Divestment from private prisons was among the demands for divestment in a 2015 protest in Roth's office, after which Roth reported
Wesleyan had no investments in private prisons. Roth himself addressed the closed parameters of their considerations as what to what counted as an investment. The quick
639:
Wesleyan
University cut its custodial staff from 60 to 50 between 2012 and 2014, resulting in reports of custodians being overworked. It was publicly known conditions were changing as early as 2012 (due to changing workloads), and custodians publicly protested in 2013, when five people had already
659:
In 2019, USLAC organized a three-day protest during WesFest, a university organized event for prospective students, rallying around the already existing demand for "Five More
Workers". A large highlight by protesters was Roth's salary, citing the $ 926,183 figure to highlight the misallocation of
562:
Officer
Antonio Farias should resign. Students criticized the lack of transparency of administration, as well as, as the Wesleyan Argus states, "what they argue is the administration's ongoing failure to adequately reform sexual assault policy and address the issue of sexual assault on campus."
518:, Roth posted a blog post, stating that divesting stock would not affect climate change. While, in recent years, Roth has changed his stance on fossil fuel divestment, stating that Wesleyan will be divested from fossil fuel companies by 2031, student protesters continue to push him on the issue.
655:
2018 saw another rise in attention and protest on this issue, once again largely directed at Roth. The student group United
Student Labor Action Coalition (USLAC) brought attention to the firing of a custodian, as well as the workload issue, amplifying the demand for Wesleyan to hire five more
566:
As days went on, tensions rose, with posters being put up around campus, and Backer's handling of sexual assault cases at
Wesleyan being brought under a more critical lens. Students cited that this added to feelings of unsafety they already felt at Wesleyan.
696:
Day" from the
University's calendar of events, saying: "The institution should make it clear that it's not supporting things that are stupid." The Wesleyan college newspaper noted: "The annual celebration references a perpetually-stoned character in
602:
to give public responses. On May 14, around 100 students participated in a march at
Wesleyan and sit-in in South College (Roth's office building) to protest the issue. While protesting, students sang a re-written version of the
711:
strip in Autumn 2010. On March 22, 2011, the university administration officially reversed its decision on the festival's name. The festival was again known as Zonker Harris Day beginning with the 2011 festival in April.
622:
Also in October 2012, students were grabbed by Roth, who was confronting them regarding using chalk on Wyllys Avenue (a street not owned by Wesleyan) as a form of protest, determined to be permissible by both
666:
Following news that Workforce Time would be coming to Wesleyan as the new time-tracking system for employees, employees and students protested amidst concerns around its surveillance technology, including
2641:
646:
In September 2013, a rally was held at a Wesleyan football game to protest custodial working conditions. Around the same time, a letter directed at Roth from custodians was released, in part stating:
1160:
826:
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Roth has described his scholarly interests as centered on “how people make sense of the past.” He has edited many volumes in intellectual and cultural history and is the author of six books:
651:
Services be removed from campus on the premises that it has allowed not only for the breach of the contract but also for the harassment, mistreatment, and exploitation of us the custodians.”
558:
in 2007 for predatory behavior with a student. Two hundred students held a town hall later that week, coming to the consensus that Roth and Wesleyan Vice President for Equity and Inclusion/
2436:
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comic strip, inspiring University participants to emulate Zonker Harris's drug habits." The day was renamed "Ze Who Must Not Be Named." The decision earned Roth an appearance in a
439:
at Wesleyan, "Women as well as men must be full members and well represented in the body and leadership of the organization." This was in reaction to reports of sexual assault in
2636:
447:. While giving organizations three years to comply, Wesleyan did not give students the option to live in single-sex frats for the 2015–16 school year. The Wesleyan chapter of
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during student protests against Wesleyan's decision to end need-blind admissions, which involved Roth putting his head to the camera and taking the reporter's microphone.
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333:. It grew out of the Library's 1998 presentation of "the largest exhibit ever assembled on the life and work of Sigmund Freud," of which Roth was guest curator.
2507:
2497:
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537:(SEWI), to lead a campaign for Wesleyan's divestment from weapons contractors, with various conservative student detractors, as well as actions on part of the
2429:
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the Backer firing, invasive/inappropriate Title IX hearings, mistreatment of marginalized students, Wesleyan's theft of land, property, and human remains of
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675:"I’ve seen the petition, but it says things like ‘Roth wants to know where custodians piss and shit.’ Although that's an interesting idea, as a
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1977:
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873:
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Roth announced the hiring of one more custodian before the 2019–2020 school year, and pushes to hire more custodians continued.
2002:
803:
671:. A petition circulated, targeting Roth, calling for the plan to implement Workforce Time be stopped. In response, Roth stated:
515:
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resources at the school. Roth also faced criticism for treatment of protesters and custodians as it related to this movement.
472:
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229:
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or tenure-tracked professors, as well as visiting professors, in 2009. This prompted students to put a proposal through the
1525:
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program (AFAM) was stated to have only two English professors by the end of the 2013–2014 school year, as opposed to seven
278:
Society. He designed his own major in the history of psychological theory. He later went to earn his Ph.D. in history from
416:
and the College of Letters. Roth is compensated approximately $ 1.3 million annually as president of Wesleyan University.
241:
1133:
598:
in early May 2014, calling for the prioritization of hiring more AFAM professors, as well as calling on Roth and Provost
464:
2169:
1477:
2128:
1054:
2028:
1433:
320:
Safe Enough Spaces: A Pragmatist's Approach to Inclusion, Free Speech, and Political Correctness on College Campuses
1386:
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488:
282:
in 1984. Roth teaches every semester and, in May 2009, he was appointed university professor at Wesleyan. Roth is
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over the years, including the years of violent activity at the house of the now dissolved Wesleyan chapter of
2077:
628:
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358:
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894:
224:(born April 8, 1957) is an American academic and university administrator. He became the 16th president of
109:
30:
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2305:
2226:
2209:
1123:, Middletown Press. Last paragraph. By Hillary Federico. Published 19 October 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
599:
541:. In 2008, the Wesleyan Board of Trustees (on which Roth sits) declined to divest from weapon contractors.
511:
507:
484:
2361:
1410:"WesDivest's Intersectional Divestment Campaign Sparks Controversy in Wesleyan's Climate Action Circles"
2535:
310:, with Clare Lyons and Charles Merewether (Getty Research Institute, 1997). More recent works include
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754:
279:
196:
188:
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475:
in Roth's office, in which students demanded that Wesleyan University divest its endowment from the
2541:
2461:
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2267:
1073:"Bob Patricelli: Bob Patricelli Is Taking On Social Change Through Philanthropy - Hartford Courant"
980:
959:
624:
584:
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448:
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409:
330:
261:
225:
179:
43:
1361:
935:"How Colleges Can Ensure Quality, Not Inequality - Commentary - The Chronicle of Higher Education"
843:
2523:
1830:
679:, it's just misinformation. It may be the case that the thousand people who signed it don't want
480:
915:
342:
The Urban Landscape and Disturbing Remains: Memory, History, and Crisis in the Twentieth Century
934:
424:
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2377:
2369:
1213:
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768:
346:
78:
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344:(both Getty Research Institute, 2001). He has also published essays and book reviews in the
183:
160:
525:
In 2007, many Wesleyan students and alumni became concerned with Wesleyan's investments in
2517:
2313:
1827:"Wesleyan President Grabs DN! Microphone as Students Protest End to Need-Blind Admissions"
1167:, Eastern Connecticut State University. By Kate Harner. 9 May 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
1164:
1120:
833:, Eastern Connecticut State University. By Kate Harned. 9 May 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
830:
692:
In Winter of 2008, Roth approved a decision to remove "the annual music and arts festival
591:
555:
550:
Scott Backer was fired from Wesleyan as Associate Dean of Students in October 2016 when a
471:
Movement, a stance that attracted further protest from many Wesleyan alumni. Following an
376:
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533:, two weapon manufacturers. This led the Wesleyan student group, Students for Ending the
616:
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156:
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2289:
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1623:
Abelson, Jenn; English, Bella; Saltzman, Jonathan; Wallack, Todd (1 October 2016).
551:
121:
1905:"ABM Contract Up for Grabs: Custodians Report Increased Workloads, Students React"
522:
response rose questions from students regarding the transparency of the endowment.
248:, where he was the founding director of the Scripps College Humanities Institute.
2414:
1649:"Two Hundred Students Call for Removal of Roth, Farias in Open Town Hall Meeting"
1574:
463:
Roth publicly condemned the academic boycott of Israeli institutions made by the
260:, New York. He was the second in his family to attend college. He graduated from
237:
1826:
1137:
708:
703:
680:
668:
440:
436:
2231:
2227:
Michael S. Roth's Speech during Wesleyan's 176th Commencement on May 25, 2008
1757:"Wesleyan students protest understaffing of African-American Studies program"
1217:
782:
615:
In October 2012, Roth engaged in a public confrontation with a reporter from
2104:"Students and Maintenance Staff Protest Surveillance at Wesleyan University"
1502:"Immediate divestment from weapons contractors: the SEWI campaign continues"
1324:
University Reaches Settlement with Delta Kappa Epsilon in Seven-Year Lawsuit
790:
52:
1954:"Into the Argives: Janitorial Labor Movements at Wesleyan in 2012 and 2013"
1730:"Wesleyan students fight to re-establish focus on African American Studies"
1337:"Boycott of Israeli universities: a repugnant attack on academic freedom"
631:. Many found this to be an unnecessary and controversial action by Roth.
559:
534:
257:
1266:"DKE Wins Claim Against Wesleyan In Trial Over Fraternity House Closure"
300:
Knowing and History: Appropriations of Hegel in Twentieth Century France
1807:"Framework for Progress on African-American Studies – Roth on Wesleyan"
572:
2188:"Doonesbury's Garry Trudeau Versus Wesleyan University's Michael Roth"
1600:"Dean Whaley Sends All Campus Email About the Firing of Scott Backer"
283:
1313:
Kent Literary Club of Wesleyan Univ. at Middletown v. Wesleyan Univ.
1094:"Gift Establishes the Patricelli Center for Social Entrepreneurship"
1027:. By Michael S. Roth. Published 8 June 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
733:"Meet Michael Roth, Office of the President - Wesleyan University"
423:
399:
304:
The Ironist's Cage: Trauma, Memory and the Construction of History
327:
Freud: Conflict and Culture: Essays on His Life, Work, and Legacy
208:
1550:"WSA rejects SEWI resolution to divest from weapons contractors"
814:(2). Third paragraph. Posted 31 May 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
496:
2418:
2240:
868:
866:
1978:"USLAC Mobilizes to Rehire Custodian After Abrupt Termination"
264:
in 1978, completing his studies in three years and graduating
2153:"Blunt refusal: ResLife says no to funding Zonker Harris Day"
1625:"Educators accused of sexual misconduct often find new posts"
274:. While there, he was a member and eventual president of the
2053:"Roth '78 Announces the Hire of Additional Custodial Worker"
1290:"Connecticut Supreme Court Hears Oral Arguments in DKE Case"
404:
South College, the President's office at Wesleyan University
1454:"What Just Happened? Prisons, Divestment, and Transparency"
1434:"From Climate Strike to Climate Actions – Roth on Wesleyan"
1387:"Invest? Divest? Conversations Continue – Roth on Wesleyan"
312:
Memory, Trauma, and History: Essays on Living With the Past
2129:"Doonesbury Strip Reopens Zonker Harris Debate - Features"
1241:"Wesleyan University frat sues over demand it become coed"
2003:"USLAC Leads Multi-Day Protest Demanding Custodial Hires"
1881:"Take Five: USLAC Advocates for Five New Custodial Hires"
510:
companies since the early 2010s. After a 2015 protest to
296:
Psycho-Analysis as History: Negation and Freedom in Freud
1043:. By Daniel de Vise. 23 May 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
1021:
Light, Truth and Whatever: ‘College,’ by Andrew Delbanco
338:
Looking for Los Angeles: Architecture, Film, Photography
2642:
Heads of universities and colleges in the United States
1673:"Tensions Heighten in the Wake of Scott Backer Scandal"
1526:"Why shouldn't Wesleyan invest in weapons contractors?"
1037:
Wesleyan president: A degree in ‘three marvelous years’
1010:
Talbot, Margaret, "The Museum Show Has An Ego Disorder"
2029:"Michael Roth, Protest, and Free Speech (Part 1 of 2)"
1751:
1749:
546:
Firing of Scott Backer and subsequent call for removal
1206:"Fraternities at Wesleyan Are Ordered to Become Coed"
804:
Can Three Year Degrees Help Americans Afford College?
435:
In 2014, Roth instituted the requirement that in all
1158:
Wesleyan President Michael Roth Commencement Speaker
824:
Wesleyan President Michael Roth Commencement Speaker
499:
and Climate Action Group, have been pushing for the
2506:
2485:
2454:
1134:"History of Wesleyan - About - Wesleyan University"
611:
Physical confrontations with students and reporters
316:
Beyond The University-Why Liberal Education Matters
228:in 2007. Formerly, he was the 8th president of the
203:
175:
167:
136:
131:
115:
103:
84:
72:
41:
21:
1478:"Why does Wesleyan invest in weapons contractors?"
554:article was released, revealing he was fired from
244:. He was also the H.B. Professor of Humanities at
2232:Michael S. Roth's articles on the Huffington Post
467:and other scholarly organizations as part of the
1698:"Prefrosh Open House: A Day of Student Protest"
874:"Board Affirms Newly Tenured, Promoted Faculty"
1854:"Legal Chalk-In Shut Down by Roth: An Account"
1783:"BREAKING: #AFAMisWhy is Marching on Wesleyan"
727:
725:
256:Michael S. Roth was born on April 8, 1957, in
2430:
2252:
329:, which was produced in association with the
8:
2637:Presidents of California College of the Arts
2078:"USLAC Leads Protest During Homecoming Game"
1930:"Wesleyan custodians decry conditions, cuts"
1055:"Midnight in America: Renewing the Pantheon"
1096:. Newsletter.blogs.wesleyan.edu. 2011-05-24
579:Lack of funding to African American Studies
408:Roth has undertaken several initiatives at
2437:
2423:
2415:
2259:
2245:
2237:
314:(Columbia University Press, autumn 2011),
29:
18:
2170:"The Butt of Doonesbury, and Proud of It"
635:Working conditions at Wesleyan University
2147:
2145:
298:(Cornell University Press, 1987, 1995);
844:"Conversation with Dr. Michael S. Roth"
721:
306:(Columbia University Press, 1995); and
232:(2000–2007), associate director of the
2477:Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts
322:(Yale University Press, August 2019).
240:, and Director of European Studies at
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1402:
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1114:Wesleyan receives $ 5 M in endowments
958:. The Hastings Center. Archived from
396:Wesleyan presidency and controversies
7:
2210:"Zonker Harris Day Makes a Comeback"
1829:. Democracy Now!. October 26, 2012.
1362:"Roth Denounces ASA, Alumns Respond"
512:divest from the fossil fuel industry
2208:Schwartz, Ammanda (25 March 2011).
2102:Gurley, Lauren Kaori (2020-03-05).
1335:Roth, Michael (December 19, 2013).
318:(Yale University Press, 2014), and
308:Irresistible Decay: Ruins Reclaimed
683:. But it's probably not the case."
575:people, and various other issues.
495:Various student groups, including
302:(Cornell University Press, 1988);
14:
2597:Presidents of Wesleyan University
2269:Presidents of Wesleyan University
469:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions
371:The Chronicle of Higher Education
2127:Morgan, Tess (7 December 2010).
1178:"Wesleyan University - Form 990"
16:President of Wesleyan University
1833:from the original on 2021-12-21
933:Roth, Michael S. (2011-04-24).
876:. Newsletter.blogs.wesleyan.edu
2447:California College of the Arts
2186:Barbara Spindel (2010-12-07).
1136:. Wesleyan.edu. Archived from
1053:Roth, Michael (16 June 2011).
753:Trosky, Susan M., ed. (1989).
688:Zonker Harris Day cancellation
230:California College of the Arts
87:California College of the Arts
1:
1204:Kaminer, Ariel (2014-09-22).
895:"Memory, Trauma, and History"
242:Claremont Graduate University
1364:. Weslying. February 3, 2014
465:American Studies Association
431:House at Wesleyan University
2612:Wesleyan University faculty
2607:Princeton University alumni
514:, private prisons, and the
420:Coeducation of Fraternities
2658:
2632:21st-century American Jews
2622:20th-century American Jews
2602:Wesleyan University alumni
1928:Gecan, Alex (2013-06-14).
735:. Wesleyan.edu. 2007-07-01
2276:
1075:. Courant.com. 2011-10-10
916:"Why liberal arts matter"
596:Wesleyan Student Assembly
539:Wesleyan Student Assembly
453:Connecticut Supreme Court
414:College of Social Studies
215:
127:
92:
60:
49:
37:
28:
588:African American Studies
252:Early life and education
234:Getty Research Institute
2027:frogmart (2019-10-25).
1573:Joy, Mad (2008-05-23).
983:. Yale University Press
629:Middletown, Connecticut
508:divest from fossil fuel
359:San Francisco Chronicle
1000:New York: Knopf, 1998.
685:
653:
600:Ruth Striegel Weissman
487:industry, Roth made a
432:
405:
2554:Lorne Michael Buchman
2530:Daniel S. Defenbacher
673:
648:
427:
403:
110:Lorne Michael Buchman
2168:Dylan Loeb McClain,
2131:. The Wesleyan Argus
1934:The Middletown Press
1761:The Middletown Press
981:"Safe Enough Spaces"
756:Contemporary Authors
280:Princeton University
189:Princeton University
2538:(acting; 1957–1959)
2462:Capp Street Project
2059:. 10 September 2019
1852:Zach (2012-10-21).
1696:wilk (2016-10-11).
1598:wilk (2016-10-02).
1041:The Washington Post
625:Wesleyan University
605:Wesleyan Fight Song
585:Wesleyan University
501:Wesleyan University
459:Condemnation of BDS
449:Delta Kappa Epsilon
410:Wesleyan University
331:Library of Congress
262:Wesleyan University
226:Wesleyan University
180:Wesleyan University
44:Wesleyan University
2159:, 29 February 2009
2157:The Wesleyan Argus
2082:The Wesleyan Argus
2057:The Wesleyan Argus
2007:The Wesleyan Argus
1982:The Wesleyan Argus
1958:The Wesleyan Argus
1909:The Wesleyan Argus
1885:The Wesleyan Argus
1781:alt (2014-05-12).
1677:The Wesleyan Argus
1653:The Wesleyan Argus
1554:The Wesleyan Argus
1530:The Wesleyan Argus
1506:The Wesleyan Argus
1482:The Wesleyan Argus
1458:The Wesleyan Argus
1414:The Wesleyan Argus
1294:The Wesleyan Argus
1210:The New York Times
1163:2015-05-06 at the
1119:2012-04-02 at the
1025:The New York Times
897:. Cup.columbia.edu
829:2015-05-06 at the
516:Israeli occupation
481:Israeli occupation
473:April 2015 protest
433:
406:
390:History and Theory
386:Rethinking History
222:Michael Scott Roth
141:Michael Scott Roth
2581:
2580:
2472:Treadwell Mansion
2412:
2411:
2212:. Wesleyan Argus.
2190:. The Daily Beast
2176:, 3 December 2010
2084:. 5 November 2019
1984:. 25 October 2018
1341:Los Angeles Times
759:. Vol. 127.
388:, and Wesleyan's
347:Los Angeles Times
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79:Douglas J. Bennet
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2009:. 12 April 2019
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556:Vermont Academy
548:
461:
422:
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377:Huffington Post
365:Washington Post
336:Roth co-edited
292:
276:Alpha Delta Phi
267:summa cum laude
254:
246:Scripps College
207:
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2574:(2023–present)
2572:David C. Howse
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2455:Campus history
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2219:
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2174:New York Times
2161:
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2019:
1994:
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1728:Herman, Lily.
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956:"Michael Roth"
947:
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922:. 21 May 2011.
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617:Democracy Now!
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479:industry, the
477:private prison
460:
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353:New York Times
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962:on 2013-06-07
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458:
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445:Beta Theta Pi
442:
438:
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209:Official blog
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157:New York City
153:(age 67)
151:April 8, 1957
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96:
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85:President of
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64:
59:
55:
54:
48:
45:
42:President of
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
2583:
2566:Stephen Beal
2559:
2548:Neil Hoffman
2401:
2203:
2192:. Retrieved
2181:
2173:
2164:
2156:
2133:. Retrieved
2122:
2111:. Retrieved
2107:
2097:
2086:. Retrieved
2081:
2072:
2061:. Retrieved
2056:
2047:
2036:. Retrieved
2032:
2022:
2011:. Retrieved
2006:
1997:
1986:. Retrieved
1981:
1972:
1961:. Retrieved
1957:
1948:
1937:. Retrieved
1933:
1923:
1912:. Retrieved
1908:
1899:
1888:. Retrieved
1884:
1861:. Retrieved
1857:
1847:
1835:. Retrieved
1821:
1810:. Retrieved
1801:
1790:. Retrieved
1786:
1776:
1765:. Retrieved
1763:. 2014-05-12
1760:
1737:. Retrieved
1733:
1705:. Retrieved
1701:
1691:
1680:. Retrieved
1676:
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1632:. Retrieved
1628:
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1607:. Retrieved
1603:
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1582:. Retrieved
1578:
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1557:. Retrieved
1553:
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1533:. Retrieved
1529:
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1509:. Retrieved
1505:
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1472:
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1457:
1448:
1437:. Retrieved
1428:
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1413:
1390:. Retrieved
1366:. Retrieved
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1340:
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1319:
1308:
1297:. Retrieved
1293:
1284:
1273:. Retrieved
1269:
1259:
1248:. Retrieved
1244:
1221:. Retrieved
1209:
1185:. Retrieved
1181:
1172:
1153:
1142:. Retrieved
1138:the original
1128:
1109:
1098:. Retrieved
1088:
1077:. Retrieved
1067:
1058:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1005:
996:
985:. Retrieved
975:
964:. Retrieved
960:the original
950:
939:. Retrieved
928:
919:
910:
899:. Retrieved
889:
878:. Retrieved
853:. Retrieved
847:
838:
819:
811:
807:
799:
755:
748:
737:. Retrieved
702:
691:
674:
665:
662:
658:
656:custodians.
654:
649:
645:
642:
640:been fired.
638:
621:
614:
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552:Boston Globe
549:
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265:
255:
221:
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122:Stephen Beal
117:Succeeded by
94:
68:July 1, 2007
62:
51:
23:Michael Roth
2627:1957 births
2568:(2008-2023)
2562:(2000-2007)
2556:(1994–1999)
2550:(1985-1994)
2544:(1960-1985)
2532:(1954–1957)
2526:(1944-1954)
2520:(1907-1944)
2396:(1995–2007)
2388:(1988–1994)
2380:(1970–1988)
2372:(1967–1970)
2370:Etherington
2364:(1943–1967)
2362:Butterfield
2356:(1925–1943)
2348:(1909–1923)
2340:(1889–1908)
2332:(1880–1887)
2324:(1875–1880)
2316:(1858–1875)
2308:(1852–1857)
2300:(1842–1851)
2292:(1841–1842)
2284:(1831–1839)
2151:Ezra Silk,
1270:courant.com
1245:www.ksl.com
763:. pp.
681:geo-fencing
669:geo-fencing
535:War in Iraq
485:fossil fuel
441:frat houses
238:Los Angeles
105:Preceded by
74:Preceded by
2591:Categories
2509:Presidents
2354:McConaughy
2194:2013-03-27
2135:2013-03-27
2113:2020-04-05
2088:2020-04-05
2063:2020-04-05
2038:2020-04-05
2013:2020-04-05
1988:2020-04-05
1963:2020-04-05
1939:2020-04-05
1914:2020-04-05
1890:2020-04-05
1863:2019-05-11
1812:2020-04-06
1792:2020-04-06
1767:2020-04-06
1739:2020-04-06
1707:2020-05-18
1682:2020-05-18
1658:2020-05-18
1634:2020-05-18
1609:2020-05-18
1584:2020-04-05
1559:2020-04-05
1535:2020-04-05
1511:2020-04-05
1487:2020-04-05
1463:2020-04-05
1439:2020-04-05
1419:2020-04-05
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