1030:
947:
992:
962:
917:
1045:
246:
1075:
1060:
902:
932:
1557:
977:
1579:
65:
of continental fragments can be up to 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) thick and can overlay two to three crustal layers. Continental fragments have an average crustal density of 2.81 g/cm (0.102 lb/cu in) which is very similar to that of typical continental crust.
418:"Microcontinent" was initially the broader term, because it was defined morphologically rather than genetically (in terms of genesis or origin). Scrutton, Roger A. (1976) "Microcontinents and Their Significance" pp. 177–189
128:, are composed largely of granitic rock as well, but all continents contain both granitic and basaltic crust, and there is no clear dividing line between islands and microcontinents under such a definition. The
75:
cause the fragmentation of microcontinents. The zones link the extensional zones where continental pieces are already isolated through the remaining continental bridges. Additionally, they facilitate quick
183:
is home to numerous microcontinents with complex geology and tectonics. This makes it complicated to classify landmasses and determine causation for the formation of the landmass. These include southern
61:
intrusions to the crust. Studies have determined that the average crustal thickness of continental fragments is approximately 24.8 ± 5.7 kilometres (15.4 ± 3.5 mi). The
781:
R. A. J. Trouw; C. W. Passchier; L. S. A. Simőes; R. R. Andreis; C. M. Valeriano (1997). "Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the South Orkney
Microcontinent, Scotia arc, Antarctica".
865:
57:. The rifting process that caused the continental fragments to form most likely impacts their layers and overall thickness along with the addition of
45:
that have broken off from main continental masses to form distinct islands that are often several hundred kilometers from their place of origin.
733:
590:
461:
431:
144:
and was for a time above water, so it is considered a microcontinent, though not a continental fragment. Other hotspot islands such as the
834:
88:
patterns that slice the portion of continent into detachable slivers. The continental fragments are located at various angles from their
434:. But, using Scrutton's definition, "microcontinent" is a narrower term, excluding aseismic ridges of continental material, such as the
858:
479:"Future accreted terranes: a compilation of island arcs, oceanic plateaus, submarine ridges, seamounts, and continental fragments"
1609:
1567:
1473:
851:
176:
749:
1433:
152:
are considered neither microcontinents nor continental fragments. Not all islands can be considered microcontinents:
605:
1378:
1368:
1121:
377:
309:
301:
117:
687:"Tectonic Development of the Indonesian Archipelago and its Bearing on the Occurrence of Hydrocarbons: ABSTRACT"
1614:
1587:
1353:
439:
283:
168:, for example, are each within the continental shelf of an adjacent continent, separated from the mainland by
1410:
1405:
750:"Socotra Archipelago – a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey"
277:
109:
72:
1348:
133:
1233:
1141:
951:
946:
528:"Mechanisms of microcontinent release associated with wrenching-involved continental break-up; a review"
245:
161:
1218:
790:
643:
539:
490:
229:
169:
149:
632:"From microcontinents to extensional allochthons: witnesses of how continents rift and break apart?"
1619:
1582:
1529:
1319:
1278:
631:
271:
77:
53:
Continental fragments and microcontinent crustal compositions are very similar to those of regular
1437:
1283:
1263:
816:
686:
667:
563:
398:, a continent that will form in 3 to 20 million years time because of its breakoff with mainland
1556:
702:
1504:
1358:
1323:
729:
706:
659:
586:
555:
508:
457:
427:
395:
382:
295:
137:
129:
113:
54:
1519:
1183:
806:
798:
698:
651:
547:
527:
498:
259:
193:
145:
1509:
1479:
1420:
1243:
435:
316:
189:
89:
81:
69:
794:
647:
543:
494:
1441:
1161:
1115:
254:
213:
312: – A Precambrian microcontinent that broke away as India and Madagascar separated
304: – A microcontinent underlying the Seychelles Islands in the western Indian Ocean
179:
are considered continental fragments, although this designation is controversial. The
1603:
1458:
996:
991:
981:
976:
671:
567:
337:
185:
157:
125:
820:
526:
Nemčok, M.; Sinha, S. T.; Doré, A. G.; Lundin, E. R.; Mascle, J.; Rybár, S. (2016).
1561:
1514:
1248:
1223:
1034:
1029:
265:
209:
205:
617:
1415:
1383:
1373:
217:
180:
85:
17:
1453:
1363:
1343:
1193:
921:
916:
802:
606:
UT Austin scientist plays major rule in study of underwater "micro-continent".
369:
289:
710:
663:
559:
512:
1524:
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1338:
1258:
1253:
1198:
1131:
874:
764:
655:
352:
165:
42:
503:
478:
249:
Azores
Plateau, a continental fragment located in the North Atlantic Ocean
1448:
1333:
1238:
1213:
1203:
1166:
1151:
1136:
1126:
1049:
1044:
331:
197:
141:
101:
62:
1468:
1463:
1228:
1208:
1188:
1156:
1146:
1079:
1074:
1064:
1059:
835:"Africa is Splitting into Two Continents and May Open a Vast New Ocean"
811:
373:
343:
34:
843:
1499:
1268:
966:
961:
906:
901:
551:
399:
153:
105:
1273:
878:
327:
323:
244:
225:
221:
121:
58:
346: – Largest of four islands of the Socotra Archipelago, Yemen
936:
931:
365:
241:
Continental fragments (pieces of
Pangaea smaller than Australia)
201:
847:
262: – Continental fragment seamount southeast of New Zealand
340: – Bathymetric feature northwest of Scotland and Ireland
80:
across narrow zones and near-vertical strike-slip-dominated
442:, which could still be considered "continental fragments".
355: – Mostly submerged continental crust area in Oceania
280: – Continental fragment seamount west of New Zealand
724:
Monk, K.A.; Fretes, Y.; Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. (1996).
581:
Monk, K.A.; Fretes, Y.; Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. (1996).
452:
Monk, K.A.; Fretes, Y.; Reksodiharjo-Lilley, G. (1996).
274: – Submerged microcontinent south east of Tasmania
298: – Submarine plateau in the western Indian Ocean
630:
PĂ©ron-Pinvidic, Gwenn; Manatschal, Gianreto (2010).
585:. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. pp. 27–29.
456:. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. pp. 41–43.
385: – Oceanic plateau in the southern Indian Ocean
319: – Undersea bathymetric high west of Australia
236:List of continental fragments and microcontinents
140:; however, it was associated with the breakup of
728:. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions Ltd. p. 41.
532:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
426:American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.,
286: – Atlantic fragment of continental crust
859:
334:formed via the subduction of a microcontinent
27:Part of a continent broken from its main mass
8:
703:10.1306/a25fe8fb-171b-11d7-8645000102c1865d
477:Tetreault, J. L.; Buiter, S. J. H. (2014).
360:Other microcontinents (formed post-Pangaea)
268: – Oceanic plateau in the Indian Ocean
1307:
1302:
1102:
1097:
1019:
1014:
891:
886:
866:
852:
844:
330:, and other islands of eastern Indonesia;
292: – Island country in the Indian Ocean
810:
757:Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae
502:
124:. Other islands, such as several in the
726:The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku
583:The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku
454:The Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku
411:
763:(supplementum 2): 1–26. Archived from
100:Some microcontinents are fragments of
7:
618:Sci/Tech 'Lost continent' discovered
424:Geodynamics: Progress and Prospects
422:Drake, Charles L. (1976) (editor)
25:
1578:
1577:
1555:
1073:
1058:
1043:
1028:
990:
975:
960:
945:
930:
915:
900:
1401:Possible future supercontinents
175:Several islands in the eastern
1:
108:continents; examples include
31:Continental crustal fragments
1179:Other prehistoric continents
349:South Orkney microcontinent
1636:
685:T. O. Simanjuntak (1994).
1547:
1305:
1301:
1100:
1096:
1017:
1013:
889:
885:
803:10.1017/S0016756897007036
302:Seychelles Microcontinent
118:Seychelles Microcontinent
1588:Chronology of continents
284:Jan Mayen Microcontinent
656:10.1144/1354-079309-903
620:Retrieved on 2007-07-03
608:Retrieved on 2007-07-03
278:Joseph Gilbert Seamount
1349:Great Australian Bight
504:10.5194/se-5-1243-2014
390:Future microcontinents
250:
177:Indonesian Archipelago
172:flooding its margins.
134:large igneous province
1610:Continental fragments
376:, and other granitic
248:
136:formed by a volcanic
116:, which includes the
1573:Continental fragment
1568:Regions of the world
636:Petroleum Geoscience
120:; and the island of
1530:Indian Subcontinent
1320:Submerged continent
795:1997GeoM..134..383T
783:Geological Magazine
648:2010PetGe..16..189P
544:2016GSLSP.431..323N
495:2014SolE....5.1243T
272:East Tasman Plateau
1311:
1106:
1023:
895:
251:
1597:
1596:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1359:Kerguelen Plateau
1297:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1003:
735:978-962-593-076-3
592:978-962-593-076-3
463:978-962-593-076-3
432:978-0-87590-203-6
383:Kerguelen Plateau
378:Caribbean islands
296:Mascarene Plateau
130:Kerguelen Plateau
114:Mascarene Plateau
104:or other ancient
63:sedimentary layer
55:continental crust
16:(Redirected from
1627:
1581:
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1562:World portal
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552:10.1144/SP431.14
523:
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489:(2): 1243–1275.
474:
468:
467:
449:
443:
416:
260:Bollons Seamount
146:Hawaiian Islands
90:transform faults
78:crustal thinning
41:, are pieces of
21:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1615:Plate tectonics
1600:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1554:
1539:
1534:
1520:Eastern Siberia
1510:Central America
1498:
1491:
1485:
1480:Terra Australis
1447:
1431:
1425:
1421:Pangaea Proxima
1404:
1399:
1393:
1332:
1328:microcontinents
1317:
1293:
1288:
1234:East Antarctica
1182:
1177:
1171:
1120:
1116:supercontinents
1112:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1068:
1063:
1053:
1048:
1038:
1033:
1005:
1000:
995:
985:
980:
970:
965:
955:
950:
940:
935:
925:
920:
910:
905:
881:
872:
842:
837:. 7 March 2023.
833:
832:
828:
780:
779:
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767:
752:
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747:
743:
736:
723:
722:
718:
684:
683:
679:
629:
628:
624:
616:
612:
604:
600:
593:
580:
579:
575:
525:
524:
520:
476:
475:
471:
464:
451:
450:
446:
440:Jan Mayen Ridge
436:Lomonosov Ridge
417:
413:
409:
392:
362:
338:Rockall Plateau
317:Wallaby Plateau
243:
238:
112:; the northern
98:
84:. They develop
51:
39:microcontinents
28:
23:
22:
18:Micro-continent
15:
12:
11:
5:
1633:
1631:
1623:
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1522:
1517:
1515:Eastern Africa
1512:
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1484:
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1471:
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1069:
1056:
1054:
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1024:
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1001:
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986:
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941:
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913:
911:
898:
896:
890:
883:
882:
873:
871:
870:
863:
856:
848:
841:
840:
826:
789:(3): 383–401.
773:
770:on 2013-11-11.
741:
734:
716:
677:
642:(3): 189–197.
622:
610:
598:
591:
573:
538:(1): 323–359.
518:
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361:
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341:
335:
320:
313:
307:
306:
305:
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269:
263:
257:
255:Azores Plateau
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239:
237:
234:
97:
94:
50:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1521:
1518:
1516:
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1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1494:Subcontinents
1490:
1489:
1487:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1459:Kumari Kandam
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1061:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1012:
999:
998:
997:South America
993:
987:
984:
983:
982:North America
978:
972:
969:
968:
963:
957:
954:
953:
948:
942:
939:
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933:
927:
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923:
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903:
897:
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893:
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876:
869:
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846:
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788:
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745:
742:
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731:
727:
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692:
691:AAPG Bulletin
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230:Nusa Tenggara
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207:
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159:
158:British Isles
155:
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147:
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139:
135:
131:
127:
126:Caribbean Sea
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
95:
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91:
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83:
79:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
56:
48:
46:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
1572:
1553:
1492:
1478:
1442:hypothesised
1432:
1400:
1327:
1318:
1249:Kazakhstania
1224:Congo Craton
1178:
1114:Prehistoric
1113:
1072:
1057:
1042:
1035:Afro-Eurasia
1027:
989:
974:
959:
944:
929:
914:
899:
829:
786:
782:
776:
765:the original
760:
756:
744:
725:
719:
694:
690:
680:
639:
635:
625:
613:
601:
582:
576:
535:
531:
521:
486:
482:
472:
453:
447:
423:
419:
414:
266:Broken Ridge
194:Sulu Islands
174:
162:Newfoundland
99:
68:
52:
38:
30:
29:
1416:Novopangaea
1284:South China
1264:North China
812:11449/36781
483:Solid Earth
181:archipelago
170:inland seas
86:fault-block
73:fault zones
70:Strike-slip
1620:Continents
1604:Categories
1552:See also:
1454:Hyperborea
1444:continents
1379:Seychelles
1364:Madagascar
1344:Doggerland
1239:Euramerica
1194:Asiamerica
922:Antarctica
875:Continents
407:References
370:Hispaniola
290:Madagascar
110:Madagascar
43:continents
35:synonymous
1525:Greenland
1389:Zealandia
1354:Jan Mayen
1339:Cathaysia
1259:Laurentia
1254:Laramidia
1244:Kalaharia
1199:Atlantica
1132:Kenorland
952:Australia
711:0149-1423
672:131142997
664:1354-0793
568:131615662
560:0305-8719
513:1869-9529
353:Zealandia
322:Possibly
315:Parts of
212:complex (
166:Sri Lanka
33:, partly
1583:Category
1449:Atlantis
1434:Mythical
1369:Mauritia
1334:Beringia
1219:Cimmeria
1214:Chilenia
1204:Avalonia
1184:Amazonia
1167:Vaalbara
1152:Pannotia
1137:Laurasia
1127:Gondwana
1122:Columbia
1050:Americas
821:53705372
438:and the
332:Sulawesi
310:Mauritia
198:Sulawesi
142:Gondwana
106:cratonic
102:Gondwana
1469:Meropis
1464:Lemuria
1279:Siberia
1229:Cuyania
1209:Baltica
1189:Arctica
1157:Rodinia
1147:Pangaea
1080:Oceania
1065:Eurasia
791:Bibcode
644:Bibcode
540:Bibcode
491:Bibcode
374:Jamaica
344:Socotra
200:), the
190:Banggai
150:Iceland
138:hotspot
96:History
1505:Arabia
1500:Alaska
1440:, and
1411:Aurica
1406:Amasia
1269:Pampia
967:Europe
907:Africa
819:
732:
709:
670:
662:
589:
566:
558:
511:
460:
430:
400:Africa
224:, and
214:Maluku
164:, and
156:, the
154:Borneo
82:faults
49:Causes
1384:Sunda
1374:Sahul
1324:lands
1274:Sahul
879:Earth
817:S2CID
768:(PDF)
753:(PDF)
668:S2CID
564:S2CID
328:Timor
324:Sumba
226:Timor
222:Sumba
210:Ambon
206:Seram
186:Bacan
132:is a
122:Timor
59:mafic
37:with
1438:lost
1326:and
1142:Nena
937:Asia
730:ISBN
707:ISSN
660:ISSN
587:ISBN
556:ISSN
509:ISSN
458:ISBN
428:ISBN
396:Ajan
366:Cuba
202:Buru
148:and
877:of
807:hdl
799:doi
787:134
699:doi
652:doi
548:doi
536:431
499:doi
218:Obi
216:),
1606::
1474:Mu
1436:,
1162:Ur
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805:.
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420:In
372:,
368:,
326:,
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220:,
188:,
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