300:
311:
3465:
3476:
852:
Character translation must be used to accommodate filenames which include a colon (:) or other characters that do not comply with the naming conventions of
Windows file-systems. Files with the same name but different cases are also not allowed by default, but can be enabled on installation with the
915:
Enterprise and
Ultimate Editions also contain the Services for Unix components, now called the Subsystem for UNIX-based applications (SUA), and Client for NFS v3. Users must download the utilities and SDK separately. However, the server components from the SFU product line (namely Server for NFS,
688:) with an internal Microsoft version of 7.0 that relates to internal build sequences. This Interix release contained significant technical extensions from the Interix 2.2 release such as a rooted file system and setuid functionality that were entirely based on the Softway Systems'
843:
Microsoft does not intend to produce any further standalone versions of SFU, opting instead for the integrated SUA. As of August 18, 2016, v3.5 is unavailable from the provided
Microsoft Link. General support continued until 2011; extended support until 2014.
255:
The
Interix subsystem included in SFU 3.0 and 3.5 and later released as SUA Windows components provided header files and libraries that made it easier to recompile or port Unix applications for use on Windows; they did not make Linux or other Unix binaries
775:(original release only) on x86 platforms with Internet Explorer 5.0+. It included Interix subsystem release 3.5 (build version 8.0) adding internationalization support (at least for the English version which did not have such until now) and
941:
with full data encryption) support. In
Windows 7, Kerberos 5 was supported for authentication, but only packet integrity checking was available for data. The maximum block/buffer size was also increased from 32 KB to 1 MB in Windows 8.
683:
subsystem. Previously
Microsoft had released Interix 2.2 (actually version 2.2.5) as a separate product around the same time frame as SFU 2.0. This SFU release included Interix release 3.0 (commonly called the "version" as reported by
790:; this was for improved file-security requirements in Interix 3.5). The following UNIX versions were supported for NFS components: Solaris 7 and 8, Red Hat Linux 8.0, AIX 5L 5.2, and HP-UX 11i. It included the following components:
1764:
945:
Windows Server 2012 added support for NFS 4.1 server. The new implementation is kernel-based (RPC/XDR-wise) but many optional features from NFS4 are not implemented, including ACLs, pNFS etc. There is however support in
770:
This was the final release of SFU and the only release to be distributed free of charge. It was released
January 2004 and included both English and Japanese versions for Windows 2000, Windows XP Professional, and
236:
subsystem, which was acquired by
Microsoft in 1999 from US-based Softway Systems as part of an asset acquisition. SFU 3.5 was the last release and was available as a free download from Microsoft.
919:
SUA was deprecated in
Windows 8 Enterprise and Windows Server 2012, and completely removed in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2. The NFS server is still supported in Windows Server 2012 R2.
3513:
1110:
487:
client libraries and applications, it does not contain a native X server. Administrators may configure any of the numerous third-party
Windows X servers. Fully featured free options include
1744:
856:
Network authentication for UNIX systems relies on the insecure NIS protocol (LDAP- and Kerberos-based authentication require a third-party solution). Microsoft has released several
1665:
1465:
1214:"You receive a "Cannot install on a 64 bit machine" error message when you try to install Windows Services for UNIX on a computer that is running a 64-bit operating system"
905:
Unlike the SFU, the SUA version included in Windows Server 2003 R2 (and subsequent versions) has 64-bit support and allows linking of Win32 libraries to SUA applications.
1322:
1296:
3506:
3733:
916:
User Name Mapping, Server for NIS, Password Synchronization etc.) are not included – these are included in Server editions of Windows (i.e. Windows Server 2008).
926:
replaced it. On desktop (Windows 7), NFS is only available in the Enterprise and Ultimate editions. The free reference implementation of NFS 4.1 for Windows (by
3784:
2480:
252:(Enterprise and Ultimate), a minimal Interix SUA was included, but most of the other SFU utilities had to be downloaded separately from Microsoft's web site.
1570:
2495:
3499:
2660:
1737:
1239:
1418:
1396:
1374:
1088:
1114:
2317:
1055:
1600:
1258:"Microsoft Security Bulletin MS07-053 - Important : Vulnerability in Windows Services for UNIX Could Allow Elevation of Privilege (939778)"
930:), the development of which was sponsored by Microsoft, does work on lower-end versions of Windows 7, but requires more involved installation.
240:
included most of the former SFU components (on Disk 2), naming the Interix subsystem component Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications (SUA). In
1491:
1257:
3351:
1730:
1449:
1027:
693:
1349:
3799:
3480:
1753:
1712:
898:
contains most SFU components, namely Microsoft Services for Network File System (NFS), Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications (SUA, a.k.a.
1702:
902:), and Identity Management for UNIX. The July 2007 SFU 3.5 Security Update updated posix.exe and related files to match the SUA version.
700:
Professional on x86 platforms with Internet Explorer 5.0+. The MKS Toolkit was no longer included. It included the following components:
692:
development codenamed "Firebrand". This was also released in English and followed by a later release in Japanese in October 2002, adding
2730:
2370:
1954:
1789:
1033:
884:
508:
Microsoft produced at least one beta release of the initial version of SFU before its final release in February 1999. This release, in
193:
2902:
2811:
2327:
1959:
1658:
1636:
1132:
1517:
1440:
Minasi, Mark; Greene, Kevin; Booth, Christian; Butler, Robert; McCabe, John; Panek, Robert; Rice, Michael; Roth, Stefan (2013).
2650:
2630:
2593:
2555:
2540:
3396:
2978:
2505:
257:
1330:
1289:
2520:
477:
922:
The NFS client feature and server features are separate from the SUA in Windows 7 and 2008, and remained supported until
3361:
3230:
2917:
2907:
2781:
2685:
2545:
1902:
1857:
1713:
Download: Utilities and SDK for Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications in Microsoft Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2
1169:
1155:
868:
utilities was started in 2007, but apparently abandoned in 2009. Several of the text processing utilities in SUA (e.g.
3829:
3760:
3568:
3469:
2837:
2796:
2695:
2550:
2347:
2062:
2012:
974:
923:
631:
469:
411:
280:
171:
104:
33:
1213:
3059:
2939:
2645:
2144:
1784:
1777:
1772:
585:
437:
261:
1578:
800:
Interix SDK (InterixSDK; including headers and libraries for development and a wrapper for Visual Studio compiler)
3553:
3356:
2786:
2776:
2715:
2625:
2515:
2485:
2134:
1832:
269:
161:
3693:
2756:
2700:
2680:
2525:
2294:
2179:
2069:
3834:
3341:
3336:
3180:
3175:
3135:
3095:
3045:
2791:
2535:
2530:
2405:
2380:
2342:
2312:
2262:
2074:
1997:
1922:
1842:
1817:
1243:
725:
715:
371:
364:
3321:
3285:
2897:
2882:
2640:
2598:
2490:
2420:
2337:
2322:
1917:
927:
895:
853:
side-effect of making the underlying partition's filesystem case-sensitive, even for the Win32 subsystem.
237:
3450:
3270:
3215:
3155:
3140:
2949:
2620:
2575:
2432:
2385:
1187:
787:
524:
platforms. This is the only known release to support Alpha. It included a demonstration version of the
1466:"Installation & Configuration of Windows NFS Client to enable Windows to Mount a UNIX File System"
1063:
3710:
3435:
3430:
3275:
3245:
3210:
3100:
2806:
2801:
2705:
2655:
2613:
2583:
2470:
2057:
2022:
1969:
1907:
3376:
3235:
3190:
3165:
3120:
3066:
2865:
2720:
2603:
2052:
2037:
1977:
1897:
1867:
1495:
1267:
772:
609:
549:
388:
288:
241:
183:
178:
17:
3381:
3331:
3105:
3024:
3010:
2929:
2635:
2475:
2442:
2415:
2410:
2084:
1987:
1982:
1882:
1345:
461:
142:
1140:
3745:
3718:
3706:
3526:
3445:
3371:
3326:
3225:
3220:
3195:
3150:
3115:
2985:
2289:
2099:
1932:
1445:
1362:
SUA is deprecated starting with release and will be completely removed from the next release.
1174:
UNIX Custom Application Migration Guide, Volume 2: Migrate Using UNIX Services for Windows 3.5
1023:
1017:
581:
573:
425:
135:
1056:"Microsoft Acquires Softway Systems to Strengthen Future Customer Interoperability Solutions"
864:
utilities are several versions older than the latest ones. A separate port of the up-to-date
3755:
3597:
3386:
3295:
3130:
3073:
3031:
2892:
2860:
2816:
2771:
2690:
2450:
2247:
2124:
2114:
1877:
1872:
1692:
572:
This second installment of SFU was released April 2000 and was also for English; however, a
509:
330:
130:
714:
Interix SDK (InterixSDK; including headers and libraries for development and a wrapper for
299:
3698:
3688:
3422:
3305:
3280:
3265:
3255:
3205:
3200:
2954:
2588:
2304:
2169:
2159:
2104:
2089:
1947:
1837:
1716:
1706:
1626:
1544:
705:
484:
449:
397:
197:
1290:"Open Source at Microsoft. Subsystem for UNIX-Based Applications: Providing More Choices"
576:
release appeared just two months later in June 2000. Both ran on Windows NT 4.0 SP4+ and
29:
Discontinued software produced by Microsoft which provided Unix environment on Windows NT
2912:
2455:
2267:
2257:
2242:
2174:
2042:
2017:
1992:
1942:
1912:
1822:
877:
513:
441:
358:
310:
3823:
3749:
3702:
3401:
3260:
3160:
2500:
2460:
2237:
2212:
2204:
2139:
2007:
1807:
1128:
908:
776:
601:
245:
3789:
3170:
3125:
3052:
3017:
2725:
2675:
2465:
2217:
2164:
2129:
2047:
2027:
1847:
1827:
1631:
664:
577:
377:
3794:
3622:
3491:
3240:
3185:
3090:
2944:
2832:
2710:
2565:
2357:
2332:
1927:
861:
860:
for Windows Services for UNIX, and at least one Security Update (KB939778). The
783:
649:
525:
229:
1722:
3627:
3145:
2969:
2510:
2400:
2274:
2194:
2119:
1937:
947:
938:
697:
597:
346:
284:
222:
70:
53:
3612:
3535:
2766:
2761:
2395:
2284:
2232:
2002:
1262:
1059:
934:
912:
521:
403:
Tools for making NFS mount-points appear as Windows shares, and vice versa (
334:
303:
273:
249:
214:
75:
1627:"Microsoft storage boffins serve up smoking 2012 NFS server • the Register"
1492:"Mount NFS Share Windows 7 | Zwiegnet Blog 2013 | Server Hosting"
794:
Base Utilities for Interix (BaseUtils; including X11R6 and X11R5 utilities)
671:
There were subsequent updated OEM releases SFU 2.1, SFU 2.2, and SFU 2.3.
3661:
3656:
3346:
3250:
3110:
2870:
2735:
2365:
2222:
2109:
2094:
2032:
1892:
1852:
1697:
1217:
964:
679:
This version, released in May 2002, was the first release to include the
542:
488:
58:
3714:
3562:
3366:
3300:
3038:
2924:
2887:
2875:
2560:
2279:
2252:
2227:
2189:
1887:
1812:
899:
873:
689:
680:
593:
429:
338:
314:
233:
62:
3548:
3440:
3290:
2959:
2740:
2665:
959:
865:
857:
637:
532:
151:
1133:"It's the End of the Line for Microsoft's Services for Unix Product"
1240:"Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 UNIX Interoperability Components"
3616:
3602:
3592:
3406:
2842:
2670:
2375:
2149:
1862:
1522:
1518:"Microsoft finances open-source NFS v4 implementation for Windows"
1397:"Features Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012 R2 Preview"
589:
492:
465:
457:
445:
417:
Some Windows/Unix authentication information-synchronization tools
309:
298:
265:
147:
3804:
3676:
3632:
3606:
3522:
2934:
2608:
2427:
2390:
969:
780:
721:
GNU Utilities for Interix (GNUUtils, about 9 utilities in total)
696:
support. Both supported Windows NT 4.0 SP6a+, Windows 2000, and
658:
453:
433:
383:
354:
326:
218:
3495:
1726:
2852:
2184:
2154:
2079:
869:
517:
473:
350:
1191:
803:
GNU Utilities for Interix (GNUUtils, again about 9 utilities)
1019:
Next Generation SSH2 Implementation: Securing Data in Motion
1659:"NFSv4.1 Architecture and Tradeoffs in Windows Server 2012"
342:
272:
that Interix replaced, it is best thought of as a distinct
1170:"Chapter 1: Introduction to Windows Services for UNIX 3.5"
1111:"Download details: Windows Services for UNIX Version 3.5"
883:
No version of Windows Services for UNIX is available for
367:
3.3 compiler, includes and libraries (through an MS libc)
1375:"Features Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012"
1083:
1081:
225:
and some of its immediate successor operating-systems.
584:
4.01+. SFU 2.0 supported the following UNIX versions:
1327:
Services for UNIX - Interoperability Blog, MSDN Blogs
3773:
3732:
3674:
3645:
3581:
3534:
3419:
3314:
3083:
3002:
2995:
2968:
2851:
2825:
2749:
2574:
2441:
2356:
2303:
2203:
1968:
1798:
806:
GNU SDK for Interix (GNUSDK; including gcc and g++)
414:
server capability linked with Active Directory (AD)
189:
177:
167:
157:
141:
129:
103:
81:
69:
52:
44:
1605:The Storage Team at Microsoft - File Cabinet Blog
704:Base Utilities for Interix (BaseUtils; including
213:) is a discontinued software package produced by
1089:"Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications Overview"
1011:
1009:
268:etc) compatible with Windows binaries. Like the
1444:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 565 and 636.
1113:. Microsoft. September 21, 2006. Archived from
3507:
1738:
779:. This release could only be installed to an
627:Server for NFS Authentication (NFSServerAuth)
8:
1693:Microsoft TechNet: Windows Services for UNIX
604:5.1+. It included the following components:
39:
1470:Running SAP Applications on SQL Server blog
1156:"Windows Services for UNIX 3.5 White Paper"
560:Windows NT to UNIX password-synchronization
3777:
3738:
3681:
3649:
3585:
3541:
3514:
3500:
3492:
3475:
2999:
1745:
1731:
1723:
1549:drink the sweet feeling of the colour zero
232:; starting with SFU 3.0, SFU included the
38:
1575:Services for UNIX - Interoperability blog
1323:"UNIX Interoperability and Windows Vista"
833:NFS Authentication Server (NFSServerAuth)
755:NFS Authentication Server (NFSServerAuth)
3646:Ports of Unix-like utilities for Windows
827:Telnet Server for Windows (TelnetServer)
749:Telnet Server for Windows (TelnetServer)
1703:Download: Windows Services for UNIX 3.5
1601:"Server for NFS in Windows Server 2012"
1036:from the original on September 30, 2014
1005:
986:
724:GNU SDK for Interix (GNUSDK; including
1302:from the original on February 26, 2012
3352:Next-Generation Secure Computing Base
824:Windows Remote Shell Service (RshSvc)
821:Password synchronization (PasswdSync)
746:Windows Remote Shell Service (RshSvc)
743:Password Synchronization (PasswdSync)
646:Password synchronization (PasswdSync)
528:along with the following components:
7:
3800:Windows Interface Source Environment
1344:Reiter, Brian (September 15, 2011).
1190:. Debian-interix.net. Archived from
1062:. September 17, 1999. Archived from
812:NFS Gateway for Windows (NFSGateway)
734:NFS Gateway for Windows (NFSGateway)
3761:Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL 2)
3582:Development environments and shells
3569:Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL 1)
2481:Distributed Transaction Coordinator
1671:from the original on March 16, 2019
1494:. Blog.zwiegnet.com. Archived from
1154:Charlie Russel (December 5, 2007).
885:Windows XP Professional x64 Edition
421:SFU did not contain the following:
18:Microsoft Windows Services for UNIX
2812:User Interface Privilege Isolation
1639:from the original on June 17, 2018
815:NFS Server for Windows (NFSServer)
809:NFS Client for Windows (NFSClient)
737:NFS Server for Windows (NFSServer)
731:NFS Client for Windows (NFSClient)
25:
3675:Windows runtime environments for
1352:from the original on June 9, 2012
1016:Dale Liu; Justin Peltier (2008).
3734:Platform virtualization software
3474:
3464:
3463:
1709: (archived January 13, 2016)
1442:Mastering Windows Server 2012 R2
797:UNIX Perl for Interix (UNIXPerl)
711:UNIX Perl for Interix (UNIXPerl)
2541:Remote Differential Compression
937:, the NFS client gained krb5p (
3397:Windows System Assessment Tool
1719: (archived March 23, 2014)
1419:"Network File System Overview"
1176:. Microsoft. December 5, 2007.
1091:. Microsoft. November 17, 2009
1022:. Syngress. pp. 181–182.
830:NFS User Name Mapping (Mapsvc)
752:NFS User Name Mapping (Mapsvc)
655:UNIX utilities (UnixUtilities)
244:and high-end versions of both
1:
1571:"Client for NFS in Windows 8"
1545:"NFS Client in Windows 7 Pro"
1346:"SUA Deprecated in Windows 8"
993:Only works on "R1", not on R2
950:for mapping user identities.
557:Server for NFS Authentication
321:As of SFU 3.5, it contained:
2686:Open XML Paper Specification
2546:Remote Installation Services
1754:Microsoft Windows components
1421:. Microsoft. August 31, 2016
818:NIS Server for Windows (NIS)
786:(earlier versions supported
740:NIS Server for Windows (NIS)
643:Telnet server (TelnetServer)
618:Gateway for NFS (NFSGateway)
563:Help files and documentation
2838:Windows Subsystem for Linux
2797:Mandatory Integrity Control
2551:Windows Deployment Services
2348:Wireless Zero Configuration
1242:. Microsoft. Archived from
975:Windows Subsystem for Linux
924:Windows Subsystem for Linux
512:only, was supported on the
374:command-line C/C++ compiler
281:Windows Subsystem for Linux
172:Windows Subsystem for Linux
112:; 20 years ago
87:; 25 years ago
34:Windows Subsystem for Linux
3851:
2940:Universal Windows Platform
2646:Kernel Transaction Manager
2631:Hardware Abstraction Layer
2328:Multimedia Class Scheduler
872:) are not compatible with
624:User Name Mapping (Mapsvc)
615:Client for NFS (NFSClient)
200: (archived 2017-08-26)
110:3.5 / January 2004
31:
3780:
3741:
3684:
3652:
3588:
3559:Windows Services for UNIX
3554:Microsoft POSIX subsystem
3544:
3459:
3392:Windows Services for UNIX
2777:Data Execution Prevention
2626:Graphics Device Interface
2516:Network Access Protection
2135:Remote Desktop Connection
1760:
621:Server for PCNFS (Pcnfsd)
270:Microsoft POSIX subsystem
228:SFU 1.0 and 2.0 used the
207:Windows Services for UNIX
194:Windows Services for Unix
162:Microsoft POSIX subsystem
125:
99:
40:Windows Services for UNIX
3694:Willows Toolkit for UNIX
2757:Security and Maintenance
2701:Security Account Manager
2295:Windows XP visual styles
32:Not to be confused with
3342:Media Control Interface
3176:Help and Support Center
2792:Kernel Patch Protection
2556:System Resource Manager
2536:Remote Desktop Services
2531:Print Services for UNIX
2313:Service Control Manager
1923:Windows Error Reporting
1843:DirectX Diagnostic Tool
1698:Services for UNIX: Blog
839:ActiveState Perl (Perl)
761:ActiveState Perl (Perl)
372:Microsoft Visual Studio
3322:Desktop Cleanup Wizard
2898:COM Structured storage
2599:Desktop Window Manager
2491:Windows Media Services
1321:Ashish (May 1, 2007).
896:Windows Server 2003 R2
580:on x86 platforms with
483:Although SFU includes
370:A cc-like wrapper for
318:
307:
238:Windows Server 2003 R2
2950:Windows Mixed Reality
2621:Enhanced Write Filter
2471:Roaming user profiles
1188:"Debian Interix Port"
1143:on September 5, 2012.
1137:eWeek Microsoft Watch
1131:(September 1, 2005).
836:PCNFS server (Pcnfsd)
758:PCNFS Server (Pcnfsd)
640:Client (TelnetClient)
541:UNIX Utilities (from
313:
302:
63:Softway Systems, Inc.
3231:Mobile Device Center
3181:Health & Fitness
2979:Solitaire Collection
2807:User Account Control
2802:Protected Media Path
2706:Server Message Block
2656:Logical Disk Manager
1908:System Policy Editor
1893:System Configuration
1607:. September 14, 2012
1220:on November 28, 2011
1066:on February 22, 2011
694:internationalization
3377:Virtual DOS machine
2721:System Idle Process
2696:Resource Protection
2604:Portable Executable
2496:Active DRM Services
1898:System File Checker
1868:Performance Monitor
1581:on January 10, 2014
1498:on January 10, 2014
773:Windows Server 2003
400:tools and libraries
289:Windows Server 2019
242:Windows Server 2008
184:Compatibility layer
41:
3830:Windows components
3382:Windows on Windows
3106:Backup and Restore
2918:Transaction Server
2636:I/O request packet
2476:Folder redirection
2145:Speech Recognition
1903:System Information
1858:Management Console
1472:. February 3, 2011
1194:on January 2, 2014
1117:on April 14, 2006.
329:utilities such as
319:
308:
279:It is replaced by
85:February 1999
54:Original author(s)
3817:
3816:
3813:
3812:
3769:
3768:
3746:Cooperative Linux
3728:
3727:
3670:
3669:
3641:
3640:
3577:
3576:
3489:
3488:
3415:
3414:
3372:Video for Windows
3327:Games for Windows
3196:Internet Explorer
2290:Windows Spotlight
1933:Windows Installer
1451:978-1-118-33394-5
1399:. August 31, 2016
1377:. August 31, 2016
1333:on March 8, 2010.
1058:(Press release).
1029:978-1-59749-283-6
661:service (CronSvc)
652:ActivePerl (Perl)
582:Internet Explorer
574:Japanese-language
391:server and client
217:which provided a
204:
203:
136:Microsoft Windows
61:(SFU 1.0 / 2.0),
16:(Redirected from
3842:
3778:
3739:
3682:
3650:
3598:Hamilton C shell
3586:
3542:
3529:interoperability
3516:
3509:
3502:
3493:
3478:
3477:
3467:
3466:
3387:Windows SideShow
3166:Food & Drink
3060:Spider Solitaire
3000:
2893:ActiveX Document
2861:Active Scripting
2817:Windows Firewall
2772:Credential Guard
2451:Active Directory
2248:Indexing Service
1878:Resource Monitor
1873:Recovery Console
1747:
1740:
1733:
1724:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1670:
1663:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1577:. Archived from
1567:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1551:. April 29, 2012
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1488:
1482:
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1479:
1477:
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1456:
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1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1329:. Archived from
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1301:
1294:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1266:. Archived from
1254:
1248:
1247:
1246:on May 10, 2005.
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1216:. Archived from
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1139:. Archived from
1125:
1119:
1118:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1085:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1013:
994:
991:
667:service (RshSvc)
131:Operating system
120:
118:
113:
95:
93:
88:
42:
21:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3839:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3809:
3765:
3724:
3666:
3637:
3573:
3530:
3520:
3490:
3485:
3455:
3423:Microsoft Store
3421:
3411:
3357:POSIX subsystem
3337:File Protection
3310:
3281:Program Manager
3266:Phone Companion
3256:Outlook Express
3206:Make Compatible
3136:Desktop Gadgets
3096:Anytime Upgrade
3079:
2991:
2964:
2955:Windows Runtime
2847:
2821:
2787:Family features
2745:
2570:
2526:DFS Replication
2437:
2352:
2343:Error Reporting
2299:
2199:
2075:Mobility Center
2070:Movies & TV
1964:
1948:Windows Insider
1838:Driver Verifier
1833:Drive Optimizer
1800:
1794:
1785:Booting process
1756:
1751:
1717:Wayback Machine
1707:Wayback Machine
1689:
1684:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1642:
1640:
1625:
1624:
1620:
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1599:
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1594:
1584:
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1569:
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1564:
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1273:
1271:
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1255:
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1207:
1197:
1195:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1168:
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1127:
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1109:
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1094:
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1087:
1086:
1079:
1069:
1067:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1030:
1015:
1014:
1007:
1003:
998:
997:
992:
988:
983:
956:
893:
850:
777:POSIX threading
768:
677:
570:
506:
501:
485:X Window System
394:A pcnfsd daemon
297:
221:environment on
198:Wayback Machine
121:
116:
114:
111:
91:
89:
86:
82:Initial release
65:(SFU 3.0 / 3.5)
37:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3848:
3846:
3838:
3837:
3835:Unix emulators
3832:
3822:
3821:
3815:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
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3775:
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3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
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3696:
3691:
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3600:
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3532:
3531:
3521:
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3504:
3496:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3472:
3460:
3457:
3456:
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3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3286:Steps Recorder
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3006:
3004:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2974:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2913:OLE Automation
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2857:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2681:Object Manager
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2641:Imaging Format
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2338:Task Scheduler
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2268:Special folder
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2180:Voice Recorder
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1974:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1943:Windows Update
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1913:System Restore
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1823:Device Manager
1820:
1815:
1813:Command Prompt
1810:
1804:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1710:
1700:
1695:
1688:
1687:External links
1685:
1683:
1682:
1650:
1618:
1592:
1562:
1536:
1509:
1483:
1457:
1450:
1432:
1410:
1388:
1366:
1336:
1313:
1281:
1270:on May 4, 2011
1249:
1231:
1205:
1179:
1161:
1146:
1120:
1102:
1077:
1047:
1028:
1004:
1002:
999:
996:
995:
985:
984:
982:
979:
978:
977:
972:
967:
962:
955:
952:
892:
889:
878:wide character
849:
848:Known problems
846:
841:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
767:
764:
763:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
722:
719:
712:
709:
676:
673:
669:
668:
662:
656:
653:
647:
644:
641:
635:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
569:
566:
565:
564:
561:
558:
555:
554:Server for NFS
552:
546:
539:
536:
514:Windows NT 4.0
505:
502:
500:
497:
481:
480:
419:
418:
415:
408:
401:
395:
392:
386:
381:
375:
368:
362:
317:running on SUA
306:running on SUA
296:
293:
202:
201:
191:
187:
186:
181:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
145:
139:
138:
133:
127:
126:
123:
122:
109:
107:
101:
100:
97:
96:
83:
79:
78:
73:
67:
66:
56:
50:
49:
46:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3847:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3750:TopologiLinux
3747:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3703:WINE@Etersoft
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3673:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3644:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3580:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3517:
3512:
3510:
3505:
3503:
3498:
3497:
3494:
3482:
3473:
3471:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3418:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3402:Windows To Go
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3271:Photo Gallery
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3216:Meeting Space
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:HyperTerminal
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3156:Easy Transfer
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:Compatibility
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2651:Library files
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
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2581:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
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2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2411:Reparse point
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
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2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
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2214:
2213:Action Center
2211:
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2208:
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2202:
2196:
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2166:
2163:
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2158:
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2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2140:Snipping Tool
2138:
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2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
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1998:Character Map
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1831:
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1819:
1818:Control Panel
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1808:App Installer
1806:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1769:Architecture
1768:
1766:
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1759:
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1643:September 18,
1638:
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1596:
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1129:Mary Jo Foley
1124:
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1103:
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951:
949:
943:
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925:
920:
917:
914:
910:
909:Windows Vista
906:
903:
901:
897:
890:
888:
886:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
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859:
854:
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748:
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742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
723:
720:
717:
716:Visual Studio
713:
710:
707:
703:
702:
701:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
674:
672:
666:
663:
660:
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639:
636:
633:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
607:
606:
605:
603:
602:Red Hat Linux
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
567:
562:
559:
556:
553:
551:
547:
544:
540:
538:Telnet client
537:
534:
531:
530:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
503:
498:
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294:
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246:Windows Vista
243:
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199:
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128:
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108:
106:
105:Final release
102:
98:
84:
80:
77:
74:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
35:
27:
19:
3790:Captive NTFS
3558:
3436:File Manager
3391:
3276:Photo Viewer
3211:Media Center
3171:Groove Music
3101:Address Book
3072:
3065:
3058:
3053:Purble Place
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3018:Chess Titans
3016:
3009:
2996:Discontinued
2984:
2977:
2676:Ntoskrnl.exe
2584:Boot Manager
2576:Architecture
2466:Group Policy
2358:File systems
2258:Saved search
2165:Sticky Notes
2130:Quick Assist
2058:Media Player
2028:Feedback Hub
2023:Fax and Scan
1918:Task Manager
1848:Event Viewer
1828:Disk Cleanup
1673:. Retrieved
1653:
1641:. Retrieved
1632:The Register
1630:
1621:
1609:. Retrieved
1604:
1595:
1583:. Retrieved
1579:the original
1574:
1565:
1553:. Retrieved
1548:
1539:
1527:. Retrieved
1521:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1496:the original
1486:
1474:. Retrieved
1469:
1460:
1441:
1435:
1423:. Retrieved
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1391:
1379:. Retrieved
1369:
1361:
1354:. Retrieved
1339:
1331:the original
1326:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1284:
1272:. Retrieved
1268:the original
1261:
1252:
1244:the original
1234:
1222:. Retrieved
1218:the original
1208:
1196:. Retrieved
1192:the original
1182:
1173:
1164:
1158:. Microsoft.
1149:
1141:the original
1136:
1123:
1115:the original
1105:
1093:. Retrieved
1070:December 28,
1068:. Retrieved
1064:the original
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1018:
989:
944:
932:
921:
918:
907:
904:
894:
882:
880:text files.
855:
851:
842:
769:
685:
678:
670:
578:Windows 2000
571:
507:
495:and WeirdX.
482:
420:
404:
320:
278:
254:
227:
210:
206:
205:
71:Developer(s)
26:
3795:NDISwrapper
3623:MKS Toolkit
3451:Minesweeper
3420:Spun off to
3241:MSN Dial-up
3236:Movie Maker
3141:Diagnostics
3091:ActiveMovie
2833:COMMAND.COM
2711:Shadow Copy
2566:Server Core
2406:Mount Point
2333:Shadow Copy
1928:Windows Ink
1585:January 10,
1502:January 10,
1356:October 15,
1198:January 10,
1040:October 26,
862:GNU Project
784:file system
650:ActiveState
630:Server for
612:(NFSServer)
608:Server for
548:Client for
526:MKS Toolkit
230:MKS Toolkit
158:Predecessor
45:Other names
3824:Categories
3628:PowerShell
3538:subsystems
3431:DVD Player
3246:NetMeeting
3146:DriveSpace
3011:3D Pinball
2511:SharePoint
2275:Start menu
2120:Phone Link
1983:Calculator
1938:PowerShell
1799:Management
1611:August 20,
1555:August 20,
1529:August 20,
1476:August 20,
1425:August 20,
1403:August 20,
1381:August 20,
1224:August 11,
1095:August 20,
1001:References
948:PowerShell
939:Kerberos 5
928:UMICH CITI
708:utilities)
698:Windows XP
600:5.0+, and
598:Tru64 UNIX
295:Components
285:Windows 10
276:platform.
223:Windows NT
3711:CrossOver
3613:Mingw-w64
3536:Unix-like
3226:Messenger
3221:Messaging
3151:DVD Maker
3121:CD Player
3116:CardSpace
3067:Solitaire
2767:BitLocker
2762:AppLocker
2396:Hard link
2285:Task View
2263:Namespace
2233:ClearType
2053:Messaging
2038:Magnifier
2003:Clipchamp
1978:3D Viewer
1675:August 9,
1263:Microsoft
1060:Microsoft
935:Windows 8
913:Windows 7
718:compiler)
516:SP3+ for
407:services)
325:Over 350
304:KornShell
274:Unix-like
250:Windows 7
215:Microsoft
168:Successor
76:Microsoft
3662:UnxUtils
3657:GnuWin32
3470:Category
3347:MS-DOS 7
3332:ScanDisk
3251:NTBackup
3131:Contacts
3111:Cardfile
3046:Hold 'Em
3025:FreeCell
2871:VBScript
2782:Defender
2750:Security
2736:Winlogon
2691:Registry
2305:Services
2238:Explorer
2223:AutoPlay
2110:Paint 3D
2095:OneDrive
2085:Narrator
2033:Get Help
1988:Calendar
1883:Settings
1853:IExpress
1666:Archived
1637:Archived
1350:Archived
1297:Archived
1274:March 8,
1034:Archived
965:UnxUtils
954:See also
858:hotfixes
728:and g++)
686:uname -r
499:Releases
489:Cygwin/X
380:debugger
143:Platform
59:MKS Inc.
3774:Related
3715:Darwine
3563:Interix
3527:Windows
3446:Mahjong
3367:Interix
3301:WinHelp
3201:Journal
3191:Imaging
3039:InkBall
2925:DirectX
2888:ActiveX
2876:JScript
2589:Console
2561:Hyper-V
2456:Domains
2280:Taskbar
2253:IFilter
2228:AutoRun
2190:WordPad
2185:Weather
2100:OneNote
2090:Notepad
2013:Cortana
1888:Sysprep
1715:at the
1705:at the
1306:May 30,
900:Interix
874:Unicode
690:Interix
681:Interix
592:10.2+,
586:Solaris
510:English
430:OpenSSH
405:gateway
315:C shell
262:Solaris
234:Interix
196:at the
190:Website
117:2004-01
115: (
92:1999-02
90: (
3719:Proton
3707:Cedega
3549:Cygwin
3479:
3468:
3441:Hover!
3315:Others
3296:Travel
3291:Syskey
3074:Tinker
3032:Hearts
2960:WinUSB
2945:WinAPI
2930:Native
2741:WinUSB
2666:MinWin
2443:Server
2243:Search
2155:Sports
2125:Photos
2115:People
1993:Camera
1448:
1026:
960:Cygwin
891:Legacy
866:Debian
638:Telnet
596:4.2+,
588:2.6+,
535:server
533:Telnet
478:Python
462:Apache
442:ClamAV
361:, etc.
152:x86-64
3756:Merge
3617:MSYS2
3603:MinGW
3593:DJGPP
3407:WinFS
3306:Write
3003:Games
2970:Games
2843:WoW64
2671:NTLDR
2661:LSASS
2594:CSRSS
2401:links
2376:exFAT
2205:Shell
2170:Store
2160:Start
2150:Skype
2105:Paint
2080:Money
2008:Clock
1955:WinRE
1863:Netsh
1801:tools
1790:Games
1669:(PDF)
1662:(PDF)
1523:ZDNet
1300:(PDF)
1293:(PDF)
981:Notes
706:X11R5
634:(NIS)
590:HP-UX
522:Alpha
493:Xming
466:XView
458:emacs
450:gmake
446:bzip2
266:Xenix
148:IA-32
3805:DXVK
3785:APIW
3699:Wine
3689:Wabi
3677:*nix
3633:UWIN
3607:MSYS
3523:Unix
3481:List
3362:HPFS
3126:Chat
3084:Apps
2986:Surf
2935:.NET
2903:DCOM
2731:WHEA
2726:USER
2716:SMSS
2506:WSUS
2486:MSMQ
2428:ReFS
2391:NTFS
2366:CDFS
2323:CLFS
2318:BITS
2218:Aero
2195:Xbox
2175:Tips
2063:2022
2048:Maps
2043:Mail
2018:Edge
1970:Apps
1765:APIs
1677:2018
1645:2017
1613:2022
1587:2014
1557:2022
1531:2022
1504:2014
1478:2022
1446:ISBN
1427:2022
1405:2022
1383:2022
1358:2011
1308:2011
1276:2011
1226:2011
1200:2014
1097:2022
1072:2010
1042:2016
1024:ISBN
970:UWIN
911:and
781:NTFS
659:Cron
520:and
470:Ruby
454:curl
434:sudo
426:bash
384:Perl
359:kill
355:grep
327:Unix
287:and
248:and
219:Unix
179:Type
150:and
3261:Pay
3161:Fax
2908:OLE
2883:COM
2866:WSH
2853:API
2614:DLL
2609:EXE
2521:PWS
2501:IIS
2461:DNS
2433:UDF
2421:EFS
2416:TxF
2386:FAT
2381:IFS
2371:DFS
1960:WMI
933:In
876:or
870:awk
788:FAT
766:3.5
726:gcc
675:3.0
665:Rsh
632:NIS
610:NFS
594:AIX
568:2.0
550:NFS
543:MKS
518:x86
504:1.0
474:Tcl
438:CVS
412:NIS
398:X11
389:NFS
378:GDB
365:GCC
351:awk
347:cat
339:csh
335:ksh
283:in
258:BSD
211:SFU
48:SFU
3826::
3717:,
3713:,
3709:,
3705:,
1778:NT
1773:9x
1664:.
1635:.
1629:.
1603:.
1573:.
1547:.
1520:.
1468:.
1360:.
1348:.
1325:.
1295:.
1260:.
1172:.
1135:.
1080:^
1032:.
1008:^
887:.
491:,
476:,
472:,
468:,
464:,
460:,
456:,
452:,
448:,
444:,
440:,
436:,
432:,
428:,
410:A
357:,
353:,
349:,
345:,
343:ls
341:,
337:,
333:,
331:vi
291:.
264:,
260:,
3752:)
3748:(
3721:)
3701:(
3619:)
3615:(
3609:)
3605:(
3565:)
3561:(
3525:–
3515:e
3508:t
3501:v
1746:e
1739:t
1732:v
1679:.
1647:.
1615:.
1589:.
1559:.
1533:.
1506:.
1480:.
1454:.
1429:.
1407:.
1385:.
1310:.
1278:.
1228:.
1202:.
1099:.
1074:.
1044:.
545:)
256:(
209:(
119:)
94:)
36:.
20:)
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