Knowledge (XXG)

Middle Armenian

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Classical Armenian was predominantly an inflecting and synthetic language, but in Middle Armenian, during the period of Modern Armenian influence, agglutinative and analytical forms influenced the language. In this respect, Middle Armenian is a transition stage from Old Armenian to Modern Armenian
320:(Ashkharhabar). Middle Armenian is notable for being the first written form of Armenian to display Western-type voicing qualities and to have introduced the letters օ and ֆ, which was based on the Greek letters "o" and "φ". 276: 877: 336:). Although this is a native phoneme in Armenian, the sound that would usually represent it, ո, was used only in medial and final positions. Initially, ո represents 414: 269: 613: 511: 262: 853: 755: 340:. Therefore, this letter was invented to only be used in initial positions to represent the sound /ↄ/ itself. It is still used today in the 554: 457: 689: 504: 352: 608: 359:
However, it was prevalent in borrowed words, making it necessary to use a letter to write it. It is still used today in the
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The letter ֆ, based on the Greek letter φ, was added during this period. It represents the IPA sound
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The letter օ, based on the Greek letter o, was added during this period. It represents the IPA sound
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which was spoken and written in between the 12th and 18th centuries. It comes after
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History of the Armenian Language in the Pre-Written Period, Yerevan, 1987.
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H. Acharian, History of the Armenian Language, parts I-II,
486:(Միջին Հայերենի Բառարան), Ruben Ghazarian, Yerevan, 2009. 827: 769: 748: 730: 667: 639: 596: 562: 527: 136: 120: 104: 99: 83: 58: 45: 31: 21: 452:. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 18. 16:Language of the second period in written Armenian 382:Historische Grammatik des Kilikisch-Armenischen 847: 505: 270: 8: 854: 840: 512: 498: 490: 413:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 277: 263: 151: 18: 878:Languages attested from the 12th century 372: 163: 406: 756:Armenian National Academy of Sciences 7: 808: 806: 826:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 14: 449:Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian 399:(in Armenian) (Fourth ed.). 357:not a native phoneme in Armenian. 298:Միջին հայերէն or կիլիկեան հայերէն 810: 790: 789: 553: 312:(Classical Armenian) and before 155: 353:voiceless labiodental fricative 1: 484:Dictionary of Middle Armenian 220: 205: 446:Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009). 334:open-mid back rounded vowel 899: 805: 395:Melkonian, Zareh (1990). 384:(in German). E.J. Trübner. 785: 551: 297: 26: 396: 253:Romanization of Armenian 822:-related article is a 51:developed into modern 380:Karst, Josef (1901). 749:Promotion and study 535:Armenian hypothesis 316:(Modern Armenian). 179:Armenian hypothesis 873:Armenian languages 575:Classical Armenian 193:Classical Armenian 36:Armenian Highlands 835: 834: 803: 802: 690:Regional dialects 521:Armenian language 361:Armenian alphabet 342:Armenian alphabet 302:Cilician Armenian 287: 286: 249:Armenian alphabet 241: 169:Armenian language 150: 149: 94:Armenian alphabet 49:c. 1100 - 1700 AD 27:Cicilian Armenian 890: 856: 849: 842: 814: 807: 793: 792: 761:Armenian studies 700:Iranian Armenian 557: 514: 507: 500: 491: 471: 470: 468: 466: 443: 437: 434: 428: 425: 419: 418: 412: 404: 392: 386: 385: 377: 350: 339: 331: 299: 279: 272: 265: 228: 225: 222: 210: 207: 159: 152: 132: 116: 109: 89: 64: 19: 898: 897: 893: 892: 891: 889: 888: 887: 863: 862: 861: 860: 804: 799: 781: 765: 744: 740:List of writers 726: 663: 635: 592: 587:Modern Armenian 581:Middle Armenian 558: 549: 540:Graeco-Armenian 523: 518: 480: 475: 474: 464: 462: 460: 445: 444: 440: 435: 431: 426: 422: 405: 398: 394: 393: 389: 379: 378: 374: 369: 326: 300:), also called 290:Middle Armenian 283: 251: 227: 223: 216:Modern Armenian 208: 201:Middle Armenian 128: 125: 112: 105: 90: 85: 79: 75:Middle Armenian 65: 62:Language family 60: 50: 22:Middle Armenian 17: 12: 11: 5: 896: 894: 886: 885: 880: 875: 865: 864: 859: 858: 851: 844: 836: 833: 832: 815: 801: 800: 798: 797: 786: 783: 782: 780: 779: 773: 771: 770:Related topics 767: 766: 764: 763: 758: 752: 750: 746: 745: 743: 742: 736: 734: 728: 727: 725: 724: 723: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 697: 687: 686: 685: 680: 671: 669: 665: 664: 662: 661: 660: 659: 654: 643: 641: 637: 636: 634: 633: 628: 623: 618: 617: 616: 611: 602: 600: 594: 593: 591: 590: 589:(from c. 1700) 584: 583:(c. 1100–1700) 578: 572: 570:Proto-Armenian 566: 564: 560: 559: 552: 550: 548: 547: 542: 537: 531: 529: 525: 524: 519: 517: 516: 509: 502: 494: 488: 487: 479: 478:External links 476: 473: 472: 458: 438: 429: 420: 403:. p. 137. 387: 371: 370: 368: 365: 325: 322: 285: 284: 282: 281: 274: 267: 259: 256: 255: 245: 244: 243: 242: 212: 197: 189: 186:Proto-Armenian 182: 172: 171: 161: 160: 148: 147: 142: 134: 133: 126: 121: 118: 117: 110: 102: 101: 100:Language codes 97: 96: 91: 87:Writing system 84: 81: 80: 78: 77: 68: 66: 59: 56: 55: 47: 43: 42: 33: 29: 28: 24: 23: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 895: 884: 883:Armenia stubs 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 870: 868: 857: 852: 850: 845: 843: 838: 837: 831: 829: 825: 821: 816: 813: 809: 796: 788: 787: 784: 778: 775: 774: 772: 768: 762: 759: 757: 754: 753: 751: 747: 741: 738: 737: 735: 733: 729: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 692: 691: 688: 684: 681: 679: 676: 675: 674:Standardized 673: 672: 670: 666: 658: 655: 653: 650: 649: 648: 645: 644: 642: 638: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 615: 612: 610: 607: 606: 604: 603: 601: 599: 595: 588: 585: 582: 579: 577:(c. 405–1100) 576: 573: 571: 568: 567: 565: 561: 556: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 532: 530: 526: 522: 515: 510: 508: 503: 501: 496: 495: 492: 485: 482: 481: 477: 461: 459:9789027238146 455: 451: 450: 442: 439: 433: 430: 424: 421: 416: 410: 402: 391: 388: 383: 376: 373: 366: 364: 362: 358: 354: 345: 343: 335: 323: 321: 317: 315: 311: 307: 303: 295: 291: 280: 275: 273: 268: 266: 261: 260: 258: 257: 254: 250: 247: 246: 239: 235: 231: 218: 217: 213: 203: 202: 198: 195: 194: 190: 188: 187: 183: 181: 180: 176: 175: 174: 173: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 153: 146: 143: 141: 140: 135: 131: 127: 124: 123:Linguist List 119: 115: 111: 108: 103: 98: 95: 92: 88: 82: 76: 73: 72: 71: 70:Indo-European 67: 63: 57: 54: 48: 44: 41: 37: 34: 30: 25: 20: 828:expanding it 817: 626:Romanization 605:Orthography 580: 545:Armeno-Aryan 463:. Retrieved 448: 441: 432: 423: 390: 381: 375: 355:), which is 346: 327: 318: 314:Ashkharhabar 301: 289: 288: 214: 200: 199: 191: 184: 177: 144: 137: 74: 401:Los Angeles 224: 1700 209: 1100 867:Categories 732:Literature 647:Verb table 367:References 226:– present) 196:(from 405) 695:Homshetsi 609:Classical 409:cite book 324:Additions 238:Homshetsi 139:Glottolog 107:ISO 639-3 795:Category 777:Proverbs 705:Karabakh 668:Dialects 631:Numerals 614:Reformed 598:Alphabet 306:Armenian 294:Armenian 53:Armenian 820:Armenia 720:Yerevan 683:Eastern 678:Western 657:Western 652:Eastern 640:Grammar 621:Braille 563:History 240:(mixed) 234:Western 230:Eastern 211:– 1700) 167:of the 165:History 40:Cilicia 528:Origin 465:19 May 456:  310:Grabar 32:Region 818:This 710:Karin 824:stub 715:Mush 467:2021 454:ISBN 415:link 338:/vↄ/ 145:None 349:/f/ 330:/ↄ/ 130:axm 114:axm 46:Era 869:: 411:}} 407:{{ 363:. 344:. 296:: 236:, 232:, 221:c. 206:c. 38:, 855:e 848:t 841:v 830:. 513:e 506:t 499:v 469:. 417:) 351:( 332:( 292:( 278:e 271:t 264:v 219:( 204:(

Index

Armenian Highlands
Cilicia
Armenian
Language family
Indo-European
Writing system
Armenian alphabet
ISO 639-3
axm
Linguist List
axm
Glottolog

History
Armenian language
Armenian hypothesis
Proto-Armenian
Classical Armenian
Middle Armenian
Modern Armenian
Eastern
Western
Homshetsi
Armenian alphabet
Romanization of Armenian
v
t
e
Armenian
Armenian

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