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554:, founder of Enryaku-ji's Sanmon sect, had once lived. The monks from Enryaku-ji retaliated, destroying more than 40 places associated with Enchin. In the end, over 1,000 monks of Enchin's Jimon sect fled permanently to Mii-dera, cementing the split between the two Sects. Over the course of the 10th, 11th and 12th centuries, there continued to be similar incidents, over the appointment of abbots (
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1723:
653:
Following the Genpei War, there was a long period of relative peace, as the temples of Kyoto and Nara, including the Mii-dera, were rebuilt. As the temples regained strength, rivalries reappeared, though little to no violence actually erupted between Mii-dera and
Enryaku-ji. In 1367, when a novice
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1085:. The pond contains a central island and a number of monoliths, as a grouping of stones forming a dry waterfall giving a sense of depth. The garden is planted with trees and flowers which reflect the composition of the paintings within the
533:) one of the four chief temples charged with the spiritual guidance and protection of the capital. It was during this time also that Enryaku-ji and Mii-dera split away from one another, developing two branches of the Tendai sect, called
680:
In the late 16th century, Mii-dera, along with many of the other nearby temples, sought alliances, for military (defensive) strength, as well as military power. The territories of the Asai and
Asakura families were closest to
544:
of
Enryaku-ji in 970 formed the first permanent standing army to be recruited by a religious body. Mii-dera can be assumed to have established one very soon afterwards. In 989, a former abbot of Mii-dera by the name of
671:
from
Enryaku-ji and Kōfuku-ji as well. A year later, another battle erupted, over comments made by the abbot of Nanzen-ji; the monks of Mii-dera, along with their allies, defeated the shogun's forces once again.
549:
was to become abbot of
Enryaku-ji; but none of the monks of Enryaku-ji would perform services under his direction. He soon resigned. But in 993, the monks of Mii-dera took revenge, destroying a temple where
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The evening bell of Mii-dera appears in many tales and legends, including one of the warrior monk
Musashibo Benkei and another of a vainglorious woman who dared to touch the forbidden bell.
705:, starting with the town of Sakamoto at the foot of the mountain, and setting his sights on Enryaku-ji at the summit. Much of Mii-dera was destroyed, as the warrior monks failed against
1187:
182:
736:, sacred personal possessions of various Emperors, including Emperor Tenji, which are hidden away and shown only on rare, special occasions, as well as one large statue of the
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537:. For the most part, this was more a geographic rivalry than an ideological schism, but it was an intense one nonetheless, and only grew more severe after Enchin's death.
1145:, which were commented upon in several Edo Period works on famous gardens in Japan, (including the "Omi Koshiji Sakuden" and "Tsukiyama Niwazoden") and were designated a
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in 1934. However, the gardens were destroyed in a landslide following heavy rains in 1941. The original layout diagrams for the gardens were later re-discovered, and
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1192:
847:. The floor plan consists of a total of 6 rooms in 2 rows from north to south, and there is also a throne used by Emperor Mizunoo in one room in the northwest.The
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of
Enryaku-ji four times in the 11th century alone. There were, however, times that the two united against a common enemy, including an attack on the Kōfuku-ji in
2394:
1182:
816:, and the original Byōdō-in in Okazaki was renamed the "Mii-Byōdō-in" due to its connection with Mii-dera, or the Sakurai-no-miya as recognition that it was a
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2399:
740:, or Maitreya, Buddha in the center of the Hall. The Kondo was built in 1599, and is a replacement for the original, built in 672 and destroyed in 1571.
81:
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temple with an
Imperial prince as head abbot. It was relocated to its present location within the precincts of Miii-dera in the early Edo Period. Its
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The rivalry turned violent in the second half of the 10th century, over a series of official appointments to other temples, and similar slights. The
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1743:
1167:
454:, at the top of the mountain, and is one of the four largest temples in Japan. Altogether, there are 40 named buildings in the Mii-dera complex.
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found that the edges of the pond and many of the stones of the garden were preserved in good condition. Reconstruction work commenced in 2017.
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in 1081 (avenging the burning of the Mii-dera by Kōfuku-ji monks that same year), and a united attack on Nara once more in 1117.
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were finally granted a reprieve, and rebuilt their temples once more. Mii-dera has never been attacked or destroyed since then.
521:. Under Enchin's guidance, from 859 to his death in 891, Mii-dera gained power and importance, eventually becoming (along with
608:. Mii-dera asked for aid from Enryaku-ji, but was denied. The monks of the Mii-dera joined the Minamoto army, and fled to the
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1965:
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in
Okazaki in Kyoto, where it was called the Byōdō-in, although other records state that it was built with the support of
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1126:) of Mii-dera, used as a retreat by its highest-ranking prelates. It was located between the Three-story Pagoda and the
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Sect. The name comes from the springs at the temple which were used for the ritual bathing of newborns, and in honor of
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library of Mii-dera, but no structures remain today. The sub-temple was noted for its very large gardens, the
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The monks of Mii-dera figured once more in the Genpei War, fighting alongside Taira sympathisers against
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The Kōjō-in and its gardens are open to the public only by reservation at least a week in advance.
1023:, or Guest Hall, which was completed in 1601. This six by seven bay structure with a wood-shingled
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in 1934. The gardens contain a large pond which extends almost to the edge of the verandah of the
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s forces were sent to quell the rebellion, they discovered Mii-dera's monks to be supported by
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in 1929; however, the painting in situ are reproductions, with the actual works stored at the
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This article is about the temple in Shiga
Prefecture. For the temple in Nara Prefecture, see
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497:("Temple of Three Wells") came about nearly two centuries later. It was given this name by
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New York Public Library Digital Gallery, early photograph view of Lake Biwa from Mii-dera
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685:, but these families, as well as others the temples had allied with, were rivals of
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1367:"What Happened When a Woman Touched the Bell of Mii-dera? | National Bell Festival"
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732:(the Main Hall and Buddha Hall) of Mii-dera, there are at least six statues of the
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had died, and his son was killed by Tenji's brother, who was then enthroned as
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2010:
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1343:"The Legend of Benkei and the Great Bell of Mii-dera | National Bell Festival"
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793:) of Mii-dera. It may have been founded in 987 AD by Prince Goen, the son of
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ordered the destruction of Mii-dera, and of many of the temples of Nara (see
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1007:. In 1601, he sponsored the construction of this chapel within Mii-dera.
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from Mii-dera was killed at a toll barrier established by the temple of
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villa, which had been converted to a monastery by Mii-dera monks (see
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658:, warrior monks from Mii-dera set out to attack Nanzen-ji; when the
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977:'s generals. He took the tonsure in 1584, becoming Yamaoka Dōami
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1592:
Iwao, Seiichi, Teizō Iyanaga, Susumu Ishii, Shōichirō Yoshida,
580:
At the end of the 12th century, the attentions of the monks of
2161:
564:, or warrior monks. Mii-dera was burned to the ground by the
689:. These two families suffered heavy defeats at the hands of
513:, who contributed to the founding of the temple. Today, the
490:. Temmu founded Onjō-ji in honor and memory of his brother.
1393:[Kyū enman-in shinden shōheki-ga] (in Japanese).
600:, and in June 1180, the Minamoto brought their claimant,
478:. The temple was founded in 672 following a dispute over
27:
Historic Buddhist temple in Ōtsu, Shiga prefecture, Japan
2445:
Religious buildings and structures completed in the 670s
1231:. Kodansha International Ltd. and Shibundo. p. 41.
965:(1541-1604). The Yamaoka clan was a cadet branch of the
1188:
List of National Treasures of Japan (ancient documents)
913:
votive prints which were popular with travelers on the
2390:
Religious organizations established in the 7th century
1491:[Kōjō-in Kyakuden shōheki-ga] (in Japanese).
987:. Following Hideyoshi's death, he pledged fealty to
883:, who is also responsible by for the rock garden at
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wall paintings in this structure were designated an
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in 1647. It was originally built in 1619 for use by
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879:in 1934. The layout of the garden is attributed to
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801:in 1040 under the name of Enman-in. In 1052, the
1616:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1956).
1303:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1956).
1203:List of National Treasures of Japan (residences)
1198:List of National Treasures of Japan (sculptures)
1178:List of National Treasures of Japan (residences)
1173:List of Places of Scenic Beauty of Japan (Shiga)
1193:List of National Treasures of Japan (paintings)
1043:. It is decorated inside with paintings by the
902:
743:Mii-dera also has a Kannon-do, built in 1072.
442:, Japan's largest lake. The head temple of the
392:
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1119:
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1016:
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948:
935:
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596:families supported different claimants to the
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386:
64:
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1183:List of National Treasures of Japan (temples)
8:
584:were turned towards a greater conflict: the
306:National Important Cultural Property (Japan)
890:Within the grounds of Enman-in is also the
623:Angered at the Mii-dera/Minamoto alliance,
2303:
2126:
1772:
1751:
1737:
1729:
1619:Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869.
1466:[Kōjō-in Kyakuden] (in Japanese).
1440:
1438:
1436:
1305:Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869,
1256:. Stanford University Press. p. 221.
53:
36:
1541:[Zenpō-in teien] (in Japanese).
1418:[Enman-in teien] (in Japanese).
955:) of Mii-dera, built by Yamaoka Kagetomo
333:Golden Hall (National Treasure of Japan)
2282:Twelve Heavenly Generals (Jūni Shinshō)
1516:[Kōjō-in teien] (in Japanese).
1219:
1168:List of Historic Sites of Japan (Shiga)
812:into a temple, which became the famous
709:large and highly trained samurai army.
2410:Important Cultural Properties of Japan
1647:, Stephen and Wayne Reynolds. (2003).
1283:. Librairie Kinokuniya. p. 2134.
712:Following these attacks, the monks of
604:, to the Mii-dera, fleeing from Taira
1634:Stanford: Stanford University Press.
1622:Kyoto: The Ponsonby Memorial Society.
644:setting fire to the Hōjūjidono Palace
509:Emperor Tenji and Emperor Tenmu, and
7:
2395:Buddhist temples in Shiga Prefecture
1711:Miiidera Museum of Cultural Heritage
1057:. These painting were designated an
1003:Hitachi-Futto Domain in what is now
646:and kidnapping the retired emperor,
501:, one of the earliest abbots of the
2430:7th-century establishments in Japan
1650:Japanese Warrior Monks AD 949-1603.
1568:Miidera Museum of Cultural Heritage
1450:National Treasure Special Admission
828:style main residence was a gift of
517:, or Main Hall, houses a spring of
434:. It is a short distance from both
1010:The Kōjō-in is noteworthy for its
973:, and Yamaoka Kagetomo was one of
25:
1673:London: Arms & Armour Press.
1602:Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose.
1599:Dictionnaire historique du Japon.
1321:. Cassell & Co. p. 200.
2400:Buildings and structures in Ōtsu
1280:Dictionnaire historique du Japon
701:set to destroying everything on
189:
188:
181:
161:
160:
153:
70:), the evening bell at Mii-dera.
1147:National Place of Scenic Beauty
1079:National Place of Scenic Beauty
1033:as a representative example of
877:National Place of Scenic Beauty
320:National Place of Scenic Beauty
313:National Historic Site of Japan
79:
2122:Schools and objects of worship
1768:Japanese Buddhist architecture
1029:roof has been designated as a
808:changed his father's villa in
1:
2345:Glossary of Japanese Buddhism
457:Mii-dera is temple 14 in the
275:19th century (Reconstruction)
169:Shown within Shiga Prefecture
2435:7th-century Buddhist temples
172:Show map of Shiga Prefecture
2405:National Treasures of Japan
1716:Mii-dera official web site
1631:A History of Japan to 1334.
1543:Agency for Cultural Affairs
1518:Agency for Cultural Affairs
1493:Agency for Cultural Affairs
1468:Agency for Cultural Affairs
1420:Agency for Cultural Affairs
1395:Agency for Cultural Affairs
1059:Important Cultural Property
903:
853:Important Cultural Property
474:Onjō-ji was founded in the
450:, it is a sister temple to
393:
2471:
2350:Japanese Buddhist pantheon
1317:Turnbull, Stephen (1998).
1254:A History of Japan to 1334
1151:archaeological excavations
29:
1760:Buddhist temples in Japan
1628:, George Bailey. (1958).
1139:
1120:
1107:
1077:gardens was designated a
1071:
1039:architecture of the late
1017:
981:
959:
949:
936:
921:roads in the Edo Period.
897:
875:gardens was designated a
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676:Sengoku period and beyond
459:Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage
412:
387:
295:
284:
147:
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52:
44:
1163:List of Buddhist temples
420:Buddhist temple in Japan
288:www.shiga-miidera.or.jp/
2420:Places of Scenic Beauty
2415:Historic Sites of Japan
1670:The Samurai Sourcebook.
1252:Sansom, George (1958).
422:located at the foot of
2087:Ōbaku Zen architecture
1776:Architectonic elements
1667:____________. (1998).
1319:The Samurai Sourcebook
1277:Iwao, Seiichi (1963).
1227:Hinago, Motoo (1986).
764:
693:and his chief general
378:
363:
353:
346:
345:or "Four-Legged Gate".
334:
233:35.01333°N 135.85278°E
211:Geographic coordinates
2277:Shitennō (Four Kings)
909:with a collection of
857:Kyoto National Museum
806:Fujiwara no Yorimichi
762:
636:Minamoto no Yoshinaka
401:, also known as just
376:
359:
352:
340:
332:
763:Enman-in and gardens
618:Battle of Uji (1180)
598:Chrysanthemum Throne
1850:Niō or Kongōrikishi
991:and in 1603 became
720:Halls and treasures
480:Imperial succession
470:Founding, and feuds
238:35.01333; 135.85278
229: /
2440:672 establishments
2234:Objects of worship
1446:"Kojo-in Kyakuden"
1113:was a sub-temple (
975:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
859:for preservation.
845:Emperor Go-Mizunoo
836:, the daughter of
765:
695:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
558:), involving many
382:Nagara-san Onjo-ji
379:
364:
354:
347:
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60:Mii-dera no Bansho
2377:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2314:kei (ritual gong)
2295:
2294:
2116:
2115:
1695:978-1-85409-523-7
1679:978-1-85409-371-4
1663:978-1-84176-573-0
1655:Osprey Publishing
1640:978-0-8047-0523-3
1608:978-2-7068-1632-1
1290:978-2-7068-1632-1
1031:National Treasure
1005:Inashiki, Ibaraki
942:is a sub-temple (
904:Otsu-e bijutsukan
841:Tokugawa Hidetada
799:Emperor Go-Suzaku
780:is a sub-temple (
648:Shirakawa II
625:Taira no Kiyomori
426:, in the city of
374:
327:
326:
299:National Treasure
200:Show map of Japan
126:246 Onjō-ji-chō,
16:(Redirected from
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2127:
2003:Japanese pagodas
1956:chōzuya/temizuya
1773:
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1689:, London, 2000.
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602:Prince Mochihito
535:Jimon and Sanmon
432:Shiga Prefecture
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264:Date established
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132:Shiga Prefecture
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1997:
1988:kyōzō or kyō-dō
1939:
1889:
1818:kentozuka: see
1797:kaerumata: see
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989:Tokugawa Ieyasu
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834:Tokugawa Masako
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576:The Genpei Wars
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1705:External links
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1685:[reprinted by
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1165:
1158:
1155:
1134:Zenpō-in teien
1097:
1094:
1026:irimoya-zukuri
997:of the 10,000
926:
923:
864:Enman-in teien
830:Empress Meishō
825:Shinden-zukuri
756:
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748:
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638:, who invaded
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2130:Major schools
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2450:Ōmi Province
2425:Asuka period
2272:Shaka Nyorai
2242:Amida Nyōrai
2072:Shoin-zukuri
1975:
1971:
1967:
1894:
1669:
1649:
1630:
1618:
1598:
1593:
1572:. Retrieved
1567:
1558:
1546:. Retrieved
1533:
1521:. Retrieved
1508:
1496:. Retrieved
1483:
1471:. Retrieved
1458:
1449:
1423:. Retrieved
1410:
1398:. Retrieved
1385:
1374:. Retrieved
1370:
1361:
1350:. Retrieved
1346:
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1065:
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1055:Kanō Sanraku
1048:
1036:Shoin-zukuri
1035:
1025:
1011:
1009:
998:
992:
971:Ōmi Province
967:Rokkaku clan
943:
930:
928:
891:
889:
863:
861:
843:and wife of
823:
817:
781:
768:
766:
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742:
723:
711:
687:Oda Nobunaga
679:
668:
659:
652:
633:
622:
579:
565:
559:
555:
539:
519:sacred water
511:Empress Jitō
494:
492:
473:
456:
406:
402:
381:
380:
343:Shikyaku-mon
342:
249:Architecture
59:
2335:bussokuseki
2267:Marishi-ten
1966:main hall (
1896:Mon (gates)
1783:hidden roof
1574:November 1,
1452:. Mii-dera.
1391:"旧円満院宸殿障壁画"
1045:Kano school
849:Kano school
750:Sub-temples
724:Within the
476:Nara period
236: /
224:135°51′10″E
82:Affiliation
2384:Categories
2365:saisenbako
2307:Implements
2057:Daibutsuyō
1814:karesansui
1587:References
1570:. Mii-dera
1548:August 20,
1523:August 20,
1498:August 20,
1489:"光浄院客殿障壁画"
1473:August 20,
1425:August 20,
1400:August 20,
1376:2024-03-15
1352:2024-03-15
1328:1854095234
1263:0804705232
1238:0870117661
1047:, notably
969:native to
887:in Kyoto.
885:Ginkaku-ji
714:Mount Hiei
707:Nobunaga's
703:Mount Hiei
683:Mount Hiei
586:Genpei War
582:Mount Hiei
531:Enryaku-ji
452:Enryaku-ji
424:Mount Hiei
221:35°00′48″N
2247:Benzaiten
2077:Shin-Wayō
2016:hōkyōintō
1951:Chinjusha
1944:Buildings
1885:onigawara
1845:nakazonae
1820:nakazonae
1799:nakazonae
1061:in 1976.
919:Nakasendō
656:Nanzen-ji
642:in 1184,
527:Kōfuku-ji
493:The name
440:Lake Biwa
272:Completed
2360:miyadera
2355:jingū-ji
2340:butsudan
2142:Nichiren
2082:Zenshūyō
2067:Setchūyō
2026:kasatōba
1976:butsuden
1830:katōmado
1809:karahafu
1653:Oxford:
1645:Turnbull
1596:(2002).
1157:See also
1102:Zenpō-in
1096:Zenpō-in
1087:Kyakuden
1083:Kyakuden
1012:Kyakuden
814:Byōdō-in
769:Enman-in
755:Enman-in
699:Nobunaga
691:Nobunaga
610:Byōdō-in
594:Minamoto
523:Tōdai-ji
507:Emperors
495:Mii-dera
446:sect of
407:Mii-dera
361:Rāgarāja
123:Location
118:Location
87:Buddhist
76:Religion
40:Mii-dera
2319:mokugyō
2199:Jōjitsu
2164:schools
2147:Shingon
2011:gorintō
1910:nijūmon
1905:karamon
1835:mokoshi
1825:komainu
1793:irimoya
1788:hisashi
1687:Cassell
1564:"善法院庭園"
1514:"光浄院庭園"
1464:"光浄院客殿"
1416:"円満院庭園"
1307:p. 114.
931:Kōjō-in
925:Kōjō-in
915:Tōkaidō
819:monzeki
803:Kanpaku
606:samurai
465:History
418:, is a
403:Onjo-ji
280:Website
254:Founder
138:Country
18:Miidera
2328:Others
2262:Kannon
2224:Sanron
2181:Rinzai
2152:Tendai
2096:Others
2050:Styles
2041:tahōtō
2036:muhōtō
2031:sotōba
1972:hon-dō
1968:kon-dō
1925:sanmon
1915:niōmon
1693:
1677:
1661:
1638:
1626:Sansom
1606:
1594:et al.
1539:"善法院園"
1325:
1287:
1260:
1235:
1115:tatchū
1050:fusuma
994:daimyō
944:tatchū
911:Otsu-e
898:大津絵美術館
838:Shogun
782:tatchū
738:Miroku
734:Buddha
661:shōgun
588:. The
529:, and
503:Tendai
499:Enchin
448:Tendai
438:, and
388:長等山園城寺
112:Tendai
66:三井寺の晩鐘
2219:Ritsu
2214:Kegon
2209:Kusha
2204:Hossō
2176:Ōbaku
1993:shoin
1935:torii
1930:sōmon
1920:rōmon
1875:tokyō
1870:sōrin
1865:shōrō
1855:sandō
1804:kairō
1214:Notes
1140:善法院庭園
1129:Kyōzō
1072:光浄院庭園
881:Sōami
870:円満院庭園
730:Hondo
726:Kondō
669:sōhei
665:'
640:Kyoto
590:Taira
566:sōhei
561:sōhei
552:Ennin
547:Yokei
515:Kondō
444:Jimon
436:Kyoto
405:, or
377:Video
142:Japan
109:Jimon
94:Deity
2257:Jizō
2171:Sōtō
2137:Jōdo
2103:A-un
2062:Wayō
2021:hōtō
1983:kuri
1880:tōrō
1840:moya
1691:ISBN
1675:ISBN
1659:ISBN
1636:ISBN
1604:ISBN
1576:2019
1550:2020
1525:2020
1500:2020
1475:2020
1427:2020
1402:2020
1323:ISBN
1285:ISBN
1258:ISBN
1233:ISBN
1100:The
1064:The
1000:koku
960:山岡景友
929:The
917:and
862:The
767:The
728:and
631:).
612:, a
592:and
570:Nara
556:zasu
542:zasu
428:Ōtsu
341:The
128:Ōtsu
105:Rite
2162:Zen
2108:ken
1961:-dō
1108:善法院
982:道阿弥
937:光浄院
810:Uji
775:円満院
620:).
430:in
413:三井寺
267:672
45:三井寺
2386::
1974:,
1970:,
1697:;
1681:;
1657:.
1610:;
1566:.
1448:.
1435:^
1369:.
1345:.
1121:塔頭
1089:.
1018:客殿
950:塔頭
901:,
788:塔頭
650:.
525:,
482:.
461:.
391:,
130:,
1978:)
1752:e
1745:t
1738:v
1578:.
1552:.
1527:.
1502:.
1477:.
1429:.
1404:.
1379:.
1355:.
1331:.
1293:.
1266:.
1241:.
1143:)
1137:(
1124:)
1118:(
1111:)
1105:(
1075:)
1069:(
1021:)
1015:(
985:)
979:(
963:)
957:(
953:)
947:(
940:)
934:(
907:)
895:(
873:)
867:(
791:)
785:(
778:)
772:(
416:)
410:(
398:)
385:(
62:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
