222:, as the amount of porcelain available to import declined. The move made Mottahedeh & Co. one of the earliest companies to make such reproductions. As a pioneer in the field at a time when many museums frowned upon reproductions, Mottahedeh advocated heavily in favor of them, saying "If we didn't reprint books, look at how much we'd lose in history ... The same is true of porcelain. If we didn't remake them, we'd lose all those designs." She also described the reproductions as "democratizing" porcelain. Mildred designed some of the original pieces the company made based upon her research and inspired by antiques. An obituary published in
536:, a former curator of the Metropolitan Museum's European Decorative Arts program, said that "Mrs. Mottahedeh is one of those rare persons whose careers run in the same channel as their avocations. Her business is running the world's most successful organization for the replication of antique porcelain, and as a hobby has assembled the finest private collection of China-trade porcelains. For energy, business acumen, and a discerning eye, she has no peer in the porcelain world."
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and other prominent institutions. Many of the pieces were designed by
Mildred, who handled much of the company's designs and production. She traveled widely for the company and rose to the position of president after her husband's death. Mottahedeh's private porcelain collection was considered one of the finest in the world and she also engaged in philanthropic efforts, traveling around the world to advise local artisans. She served as a representative for the
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1950s. Their reproductions were of a sufficient quality that some designs became considered collectibles and others were falsely re-sold as originals. A well-known product of the company was the
Mottahedeh "Tobacco Leaf" pattern, based on 18th-century Chinese export porcelains for the Portuguese market, which employed 27
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wrote that the sale would "feel like the loss of a family" to her. The auction was expected to raise more than $ 500,000, with the majority of the proceeds to go towards philanthropic endeavors. The auction, which was held on
January 30, 1985, included 376 auction items, and resulted in 97 percent of
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that "I'm still doing the designing and I'm still doing all the public talks and public relations". The
Kvalheims worked with Mottahedeh to expand recognition of the company's name, in large part by increasing the advertising budget by 800 percent to run large ads in magazines aimed at consumers. In
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Mottahedeh focused on the company's designs and the technology and process of their reproductions while her husband managed its finances and the administrative side. In her early career she continued to travel to Europe often to visit their factories (four times a year in 1961), and had made the trip
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that had been made between 1600 and the 1870s and eventually added reproductions of that style to their line. In the 1940s
Mottahedeh began to travel to Europe, where she worked directly with factories contracted by their company. Manufacturing had grown to be a full-time career for the couple by the
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countries, in 1958. The charity's stated mission was "to do good work in backward countries" by providing funding for social development programs in various nations such as Uganda, Zaire, India, Samoa and
Micronesia. In 1984 the foundation was reported to spend around $ 250,000 a year for projects.
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while still a child. There she met and married Rafi
Mottahedeh, and the couple began importing antique porcelain to sell in America. Around World War II, they shifted their focus to producing reproductions of and original pieces based on antiques. The company grew to supply reproductions to museums
332:
described
Mottahedeh as "one of the foremost international authorities on Chinese export porcelain". She worked to revitalize China's porcelain industry, partnering with the Chinese government. As part of her efforts, Mottahedeh visited the nation several times to help the nation modernize its
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Even after the sale, in 1986 her collection held 450 pieces of
Chinese export porcelain, 700 other items from China, and 175 porcelain pieces from Europe. In 1989 she reported having "18 rooms of things I love up in the country and five rooms of things I love in town." In December 2000, after
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Mottahedeh was credited with assisting in "revitalizing the brass industry in India" after teaching brass-makers there and in Nepal how to make products that would appeal to
American buyers. Mottahedeh taught craftspeople from Greece, Sardinia and Italy in a seminar organized by the
367:
Mottahedeh and her husband maintained a private collection of Chinese export porcelain and items made from ivory, jade, and bronze. They collected artifacts as they traveled around the world, and the collection grew to around 2,000 pieces. The porcelain collection was catalogued by
113:; August 7, 1908 – February 17, 2000) was an American collector of ceramics, businessperson, and philanthropist. With her husband, Rafi Y. Mottahedeh, she co-founded Mottahedeh & Company, a designer and supplier of luxury porcelain based on historical models or direct
259:, China, in 1979 with Charles Donahue, their first time traveling to the country. By the late 1980s, the company had contracts with nine factories around the world to produce its porcelain. She also designed a "farewell gift to heads of state" for
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By the following year it had established 24 literacy centers in India and hired professionals to visit around one hundred villages to help them modernize. Also in India, Mottahedeh provided funding for the creation and early development of the
153:, to Flora Margolius and Jacob B. Wurtzel. Her father was the owner of a grocery in Seabright and her mother was the daughter of Joseph Margolius, who owned the Hotel Brighton in Long Branch, New Jersey. They married in 1903 in an
302:'s inauguration. They were based on a plate dating to the late 1700s and featured the goddesses of peace and prosperity, an American eagle and 200 white stars—symbolic of the 200 years since the first inauguration.
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visited the US in 1972, the company designed a plate for the occasion. She became president of the company upon the death of her husband in 1978, and held that role until 1998, when she retired. Mottahedeh visited
395:
Mottahedeh was known in the collecting industry as "Mrs. M". In the mid-1980s, after she was unable to find a museum willing to purchase it, Mottahedeh decided to put some of her collection up for auction through
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wedding. By 1911 the couple was in the process of getting a divorce, and Mildred was living with her three siblings and her mother. She was educated at the Garfield Avenue School in Long Branch and attended the
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1878:
202:. In 1929 she joined Mottahedeh & Company, a porcelain company that her husband had founded in 1924. They initially focused on importing antique porcelain, much of it valuable artifacts of the
456:
337:. She planned to organize the world's first major exhibition of antique Chinese export porcelain in Portugal in 1984. Her efforts in China were included in a 1984 television series,
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from the collection sold for $ 29,800, the highest price paid for a porcelain punch bowl to that date. The auction was credited with "revitalizing" the market for export porcelain.
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deemed the book "a standard reference work in the field." Mottahedeh was known to lend portions of her collection to museums. She also had a library with around 3,000 volumes.
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1996, she reported working with "31 museums and 25 castles". She worked for the company as a consultant for five years before completely retiring. Mottahedeh was described in
415:
Mottahedeh's death, 466 lots were put up for auction through Sotheby's. The auction netted $ 4.3 million. Over 3/4 of the items sold at prices above "their high estimates".
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1873:
447:. In 1961 she went on a speaking tour around the United States to promote the Baháʼí Faith and advocate for religious tolerance. That same year she was elected to the
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As an authority on the production of china and importation of goods, Mottahedeh traveled around the world to consult on the development of other "small industries and
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described her as "the driving creative force" behind the company. The company grew, producing around 2,000 different items for numerous shops, supplying around 3,000.
348:
573:
466:, India and from 1953, they began work in Uganda, after a visit to the nation. The two established Mottahedeh Development Services, a charity aimed at encouraging
439:. Also in her capacity as the representative, she was founder and executive secretary of the Speakers Research Committee. She attended at least two conferences of
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Keller, Academic Dean and Professor of Church History Emeritae Rosemary Skinner; Keller, Rosemary Skinner; Ruether, Rosemary Radford; Cantlon, Marie (2006).
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440:
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Harris, Leon (April 1986). "Pleasure before business: first Mildred Mottahedeh collects rare porcelain; then she sells fine reproductions to the world".
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wrote in the catalogue's introduction that the collection was "utterly fabulous, an artistic and cultural treasure without comparison in its field".
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Mottahedeh helped to found 15 African schools, including several schools in Uganda. She and her husband oversaw the development of four villages in
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In September 1992 Mottahedeh sold her company to Grant and Wendy Kvalheim. They retained Mottahedeh as president, and five months later she told
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sixty times by April 1961. In 1966, a newspaper profile wrote that she traveled 50 to 60,000 miles a year and had "done it for 30 years". When
532:, Bush described Mottahedeh as: "that brilliant business lady who reproduces some of the most magnificent porcelains from around the world".
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326:," visiting France and Greece in 1961 and also advising in countries such as China, Morocco, Greece, Sardinia, Italy, and India. In 1982,
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Brown, Patricia Leigh (January 27, 1985). "Parting With Precious Porcelains: Collector Sadly Puts Part of Her 'Family' Up for Auction".
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as one of few women prominent in leadership of 'tabletop industry' companies (ones that produced dinnerware, glassware, or silverware).
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455:. In 1993, the United Nations named her the United Nations Woman of Honor for that year. Mottahedeh was also considered a pioneer in
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methods of porcelain production and raise standards, for instance through firing the china by means of methane gas instead of using
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said that "Mildred Mottahedeh was a patriotic American who generously gave her beautiful porcelain to the White House and
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1154:"Mottahedeh maintains identity; new owners of museum-quality reproduction dinnerware firm retain founder as president".
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263:. In 1989, Mottahedeh was abroad for five months a year, mainly visiting companies that made her company's china.
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427:. She had converted to the faith in 1929, when she met her husband. Mottahedeh was present at the signing of the
402:
298:. Its work was used in three presidential inaugurations. For instance, Mottahedeh designed porcelain pieces for
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Clifford, Dorothy (February 11, 1990). "Mottahedeh china called the 'finest source' of reproduction pieces".
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495:, one of Mottahedeh & Co.'s subcontractors, to ensure a product of an acceptable quality. She was a
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451:. In 1966, she was the principal speaker at the National Convention of the Baháʼí World Faith in the
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and the New Era Development Institute. The programs run in Samoa taught wood and pearl carving.
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A sugar bowl from the Mottahedeh collection, now held by the Metropolitan Museum of Modern Art
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from 1948 to 1967. As a representative, she advocated and worked for the establishment of a
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when he was president. Throughout the 1930s, the couple sold thousands of antique plates to
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32:
1052:"A real original: Museum quality reproducations are the main concern of Mildred Mottahedeh"
1223:"A real original: Museum quality reproductions are the main concern of Mildred Mottahedeh"
452:
163:
1329:
Coady, Cliff; Hube, Karen (November 9, 1992). "Some women find tabletop tough to crack".
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218:. They switched to making porcelain reproductions of the Ming plates around the end of
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Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America: Native American creation stories
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described the book as a "milestone in the charting of the China trade", and in 2000
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162:. By the time she was thirteen she had moved to New York City and begun to collect
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The plates were sold for $ 87.50, but were worth several thousand dollars by 1989.
397:
190:
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Melikian, Souren (February 2–3, 1985). "A Limited Craze for Neoclassical Works".
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A plate from the Mottahedeh collection, gifted to the Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Mottahedeh visited over ninety countries. In 1987, Portugal granted her the
382:
199:
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726:"Freshman Class Largest in the History of the New Jersey College for Women"
215:
117:. The couple also gathered a large personal collection of antiques, mainly
166:
after winning one in a contest. At around the age of 19, she converted to
1499:
1208:
1185:
203:
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Geer, Jonathan (April 1988). "She has no peer in the porcelain world".
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and served as the first representative for the Baháʼí community to the
243:
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580:(in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Arquivo Nacional. February 2, 1945
358:
351:. She also gave lectures and wrote about the history of ceramics.
189:
1779:. Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo: Japan Baháʼí Publishing Trust. p. 66.
1449:
Reif, Rita (January 4, 1985). "Auctions: Porcelains to be sold".
1476:
499:, a fellow of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and member of the
999:"Woman collects pottery that tells the story of a civilization"
1382:, "The Porcelain Art Of Mottahedeh Knows No Age" April 6, 1989
266:
Their company made pieces for organizations that included the
837:"Mildred Root Mottahedeh, 91, Collector of Chinese Porcelain"
1776:
Unfurling the Divine Flag in Tokyo: An Early Baháʼí History
962:
Rohrs, Kirsten (October–November 2000). "Fit for a queen".
526:... Mottahedeh was a friend and a genius." In her memoir,
1415:
Page, Amy (December 2000). "The Mottahedeh collection".
206:, as her husband's family shipped crates of china from
1879:
People associated with the Metropolitan Museum of Art
423:
Mottahedeh was also known as a representative of the
1657:"Mildred Mottahedeh: Porcelain's exacting matriarch"
636:"Wife Chased Out Sues For Divorce, Charging Cruelty"
149:
Mildred Ruth Wurtzel was born on August 7, 1908, in
93:
85:
77:
58:
39:
23:
1260:"Baha'i lecturer appeals for religious tolerance"
198:Mottahedeh found work as an interior designer in
574:"Cartões de Imigração: Mildred Ruthe Mottahedeh"
246:. Mottahedeh designed the "Tobacco Leaf" piece.
1899:Converts to the Bahá'i Faith from Protestantism
1178:"Reproductions Preserve Rare Porcelain Designs"
457:Baháʼí involvement in socioeconomic development
349:Organization for European Economic Co-operation
1712:"FIT scholarship honors Mildred Mottahedeh".
407:them being sold for around $ 1.05 million. A
229:The couple soon began collecting and selling
8:
441:international non-governmental organizations
178:, in 1929. They had two children, including
1884:Ceramics manufacturers of the United States
210:. Mottahedeh did interior design work for
31:
20:
1593:. Indiana University Press. p. 786.
1556:Historical Dictionary of the Baha'i Faith
1331:HFD-The Weekly Home Furnishings Newspaper
1156:HFD-The Weekly Home Furnishings Newspaper
510:Mottahedeh died on February 17, 2000, at
503:. In the mid-1990s a scholarship for the
1904:Former Calvinist and Reformed Christians
1475:. No. 31711. p. 6 – via
1874:Recipients of the Order of Prince Henry
1490:Solis-Cohen, Lita (February 11, 1985).
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
565:
545:
16:American porcelain seller and collector
1553:Adamson, Hugh C. (December 21, 2006).
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898:"Character comes through in porcelain"
1909:20th-century American philanthropists
1814:American manufacturing businesspeople
1615:"UN Observer To Address Local Baha'i"
1582:
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1559:. Scarecrow Press. pp. 334–335.
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1199:Thorson, Alice (September 22, 1994).
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372:and John Ayers in the 704-page book
1834:20th-century American businesswomen
1134:"Museum Pieces for Everyday Living"
497:Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts
489:Order of Prince Henry the Navigator
1914:20th-century women philanthropists
1869:People from Sea Bright, New Jersey
1748:. Ulverscroft Group. p. 327.
1714:Gifts & Decorative Accessories
1300:"Baha'i Speaker Promotes Equality"
847:from the original on March 5, 2016
81:Ceramics collector, businessperson
14:
292:United States Department of State
1472:The International Herald Tribune
730:The Central New Jersey Home News
483:Personal life, honors, and death
276:Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris
174:to marry Rafi Y. Mottahedeh, an
170:from Judaism, before becoming a
1864:American women company founders
1854:Philanthropists from New Jersey
1298:Murray, Vena (April 29, 1966).
732:. September 23, 1925. p. 9
606:"Marriage of Margolius/Wurtzel"
505:Fashion Institute of Technology
1849:American women philanthropists
1839:Businesspeople from New Jersey
1663:. August 11, 1996. p. 101
1621:. November 15, 1951. p. 9
1498:. p. D-1 – via
1492:"For Americana, Record Prices"
1207:. p. F-6 – via
1176:Powell, Betsy (July 2, 1994).
1005:. January 18, 1996. p. 46
1:
1229:. April 23, 1989. p. 371
1140:. Vol. 144. p. 100.
1058:. April 23, 1989. p. 371
896:Krause, Joy (June 15, 1997).
702:. February 2, 1916. p. 2
696:"Girls Lead on Roll of Honor"
576:[Immigration Cards].
516:NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
429:Charter of the United Nations
329:The Christian Science Monitor
1745:Barbara Bush : a memoir
672:. April 14, 1911. p. 18
449:International Baháʼí Council
160:New Jersey College for Women
1399:. May 30, 2005. p. 45.
642:. March 10, 1911. p. 1
612:. March 26, 1903. p. 1
1930:
1523:. May 18, 2000. p. 35
1395:"David Sanctuary Howard".
1266:. April 5, 1961. p. 6
902:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
268:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1859:American company founders
1773:Sims, Barbara R. (1998).
1496:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1352:Christian Science Monitor
1184:. p. E1 – via
1096:The Philadelphia Inquirer
507:was created in her name.
403:The Philadelphia Inquirer
30:
1889:American women ceramists
1132:Brown, Christie (1989).
501:Oriental Ceramic Society
231:Chinese export porcelain
119:Chinese export porcelain
89:Mottahedeh & Company
1182:Richmond Times-Dispatch
934:Tableware International
591:(subscription required)
340:The Heart of the Dragon
288:Smithsonian Institution
124:Mottahedeh was born in
107:Mildred Ruth Mottahedeh
964:Classic American Homes
529:Barbara Bush: A Memoir
419:Philanthropy and faith
364:
224:Classic American Homes
195:
151:Sea Bright, New Jersey
51:Sea Bright, New Jersey
843:. February 23, 2000.
610:The Monmouth Inquirer
362:
280:Colonial Williamsburg
193:
1824:20th-century Bahá'ís
1720:: 8. December 1994.
1687:"Mildred Mottahedeh"
1661:Tallahassee Democrat
1354:. November 3, 1982.
1205:The Kansas City Star
871:MacArthur Foundation
772:Tallahassee Democrat
272:Museum of Modern Art
44:Mildred Ruth Wurtzel
1894:Ceramic art dealers
1844:American collectors
1201:"Porcelain passion"
867:"Roy P. Mottahedeh"
666:"Fight after Trial"
477:New Era High School
284:Historic Charleston
1619:The Daily Register
1452:The New York Times
1304:The Ottawa Journal
908:on October 1, 2012
841:The New York Times
518:. Upon her death,
491:after she visited
468:social development
378:Nelson Rockefeller
374:China For The West
365:
252:Queen Elizabeth II
196:
25:Mildred Mottahedeh
1755:978-0-7089-5807-0
1600:978-0-253-34687-2
1566:978-0-8108-6467-2
1348:"The China Trade"
1158:. March 15, 1993.
700:Asbury Park Press
640:Asbury Park Press
534:Carl C. Dauterman
300:George H. W. Bush
180:Roy P. Mottahedeh
137:, notably to the
104:
103:
62:February 17, 2000
1921:
1819:American Bahá'ís
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1693:. March 21, 2015
1691:Bahai Chronicles
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904:. Archived from
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1264:The Leader-Post
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1227:Chicago Tribune
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421:
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182:, a historian.
164:Japanese prints
155:Orthodox Jewish
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176:anthropologist
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102:
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99:Roy Mottahedeh
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72:, New York, US
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66:(aged 91)
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168:Protestantism
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130:New York City
128:and moved to
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97:2; including
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78:Occupation(s)
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42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1775:
1767:Bibliography
1744:
1734:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1697:December 19,
1695:. Retrieved
1690:
1681:
1671:– via
1667:December 13,
1665:. Retrieved
1660:
1651:
1639:
1629:– via
1625:December 18,
1623:. Retrieved
1618:
1609:
1589:
1555:
1531:– via
1527:December 18,
1525:. Retrieved
1520:
1495:
1485:
1470:
1450:
1420:
1416:
1396:
1379:
1375:
1365:December 13,
1363:. Retrieved
1351:
1330:
1324:
1314:– via
1310:December 17,
1308:. Retrieved
1306:. p. 33
1303:
1274:– via
1270:December 17,
1268:. Retrieved
1263:
1237:– via
1233:December 13,
1231:. Retrieved
1226:
1217:
1204:
1194:
1181:
1155:
1137:
1106:– via
1095:
1066:– via
1062:December 13,
1060:. Retrieved
1055:
1013:– via
1009:December 13,
1007:. Retrieved
1002:
967:
963:
937:
933:
910:. Retrieved
906:the original
901:
876:December 13,
874:. Retrieved
870:
861:
849:. Retrieved
840:
815:
811:
782:– via
771:
740:– via
736:December 21,
734:. Retrieved
729:
720:
710:– via
706:December 21,
704:. Retrieved
699:
690:
680:– via
676:December 21,
674:. Retrieved
669:
660:
650:– via
646:December 21,
644:. Retrieved
639:
630:
620:– via
616:December 21,
614:. Retrieved
609:
584:December 21,
582:. Retrieved
578:FamilySearch
577:
568:
548:
527:
520:Barbara Bush
509:
493:Vista Alegre
486:
461:
425:Baháʼí Faith
422:
413:
401:
394:
387:
381:
373:
370:David Howard
366:
345:
338:
335:dragon kilns
327:
324:handi-crafts
321:
311:
306:
304:
265:
248:
228:
223:
220:World War II
197:
148:
135:Baháʼí Faith
123:
110:
106:
105:
64:(2000-02-17)
18:
1809:2000 deaths
1804:1908 births
1098:. pp.
1003:The Monitor
812:Connoisseur
774:. pp.
472:Third World
464:Maharashtra
389:Art+Auction
318:Consultancy
296:White House
1798:Categories
1521:The Record
912:August 26,
851:August 26,
560:References
409:punch bowl
355:Collection
294:, and the
257:Jingdezhen
236:underglaze
145:Early life
126:New Jersey
1726:0016-9889
1644:Sims 1998
1429:0197-1093
1397:The Times
1360:0882-7729
976:1528-2864
512:Manhattan
398:Sotheby's
383:The Times
200:Manhattan
70:Manhattan
1742:(1995).
1517:"Baha'i"
1500:NewsBank
1209:NewsBank
1186:NewsBank
940:: 48–50.
845:Archived
818:: 72–77.
204:Ming era
115:replicas
94:Children
86:Employer
244:gilding
111:Wurtzel
1783:
1752:
1724:
1597:
1563:
1427:
1423:: 96.
1358:
1138:Forbes
974:
970:: 37.
445:Geneva
290:, the
286:, the
274:, the
270:, the
242:, and
216:Macy's
208:Tehran
186:Career
172:Bahá'i
540:Notes
109:(née
1781:ISBN
1750:ISBN
1722:ISSN
1699:2020
1669:2020
1627:2020
1595:ISBN
1561:ISBN
1529:2020
1477:Gale
1425:ISSN
1367:2020
1356:ISSN
1312:2020
1272:2020
1235:2020
1064:2020
1011:2020
972:ISSN
914:2010
878:2020
853:2010
738:2020
708:2020
678:2020
648:2020
618:2020
586:2020
59:Died
53:, US
40:Born
816:216
780:19F
514:'s
470:in
443:in
312:HFD
307:HFD
1800::
1718:95
1716:.
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1104:K2
1100:K1
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1188:.
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1102:-
1070:.
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978:.
916:.
880:.
855:.
786:.
744:.
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588:.
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