285:, Hübschmannová was concerned that the language of the Roma was being lost, as the communities were forced to speak Czech, Hungarian, or Slovak in their interactions of daily living, though continued use of Romani language dialects prevailed when speaking with other Roma. The works that were published by the group included the first literature in the Romani language ever published in Czechoslovakia. In 1973, another government crackdown forced the Union to disband and suspend publication of their journal; however, some of the writers, having been inspired to have their Romani cultural record published, continued to publish in other venues. Between 1974 and 1975, Hübschmannová worked at Charles University in the
289:, but her opposition to the government assimilation policies toward the Roma led to her dismissal. She had no permanent employment between 1976 and 1982, working on an as-needed basis for the Prague School of Languages teaching Hindi and Romani. The school hired her on a permanent basis in 1982 and she remained with them until 1991. At the time, the classes Hübschmannová taught on Romani language were the only formal coursework being offered to the Roma in their native tongue. The courses were also attended by non-Roma social workers to facilitate their communication with the Roma in the course of their work. In 1989, with the
416:. The year after her death, the 7th International Conference on Romani Linguistics was dedicated to her memory. Her unexpected death was widely felt by the Romani community, who had lost an advocate as well as someone who had dedicated her career to preserving their cultural heritage. A book, entitled
137:
at
Charles University and actively opposed their assimilation into the greater culture. She wrote a Romani-Czech and Czech-Romani dictionary and collected many of the stories of the Roma, translating them for posterity. The program she founded was the first program worldwide to offer a degree program
240:
and in 1959, Hübschmannová took her first research trip to India. During this period, she married the radio director, Josef Melč. Returning to Prague, she translated Indian poets for almost a decade and gave birth to her daughter Tereza in 1963. In 1967 she worked at the
Oriental Institute beginning
202:
of the
Republic, Hübschmannová encountered the Roma communities for the first time. She was surprised that she understood their language and recognized that it must have Indic roots. Unable to travel to India, because of restrictions placed by the communist regime, Hübschmannová changed her focus to
378:
covering the period from 1920 to 1970, which was told to Hübschmannová over an eight-year period in Romani. She then translated the story into Czech and later French and
English. The book relates the story of how the Roma's true identities were hidden behind stereotypical imagery. At the same time,
383:
the Roma experienced under the socialist regime. The work became an important text, as it covered ground that scientists could not, by giving an insider's view of the issues facing the Romani community. It was subsequently published in
Bulgarian, Hungarian and Spanish, winning the International
235:
of the Roma communities. Armed with a heavy, outdated tape recorder, which she kept in a bag slung over her shoulder, Hübschmannová wandered the countryside and recorded an extremely large collection of material, accumulating over 500 tapes. She continued her work on India, translating several
296:
In 1991, Hübschmannová returned to
Charles University and founded the Romani Studies Program as part of the Indological Institute. It was the first time that the field had garnered academic attention in Prague and the first program in the world to offer an undergraduate degree on the Roma.
297:
Hübschmannová chaired the department until her death and also taught Urdu between 1991 and 1997. Returning to the work that had been suspended in 1968, Hübschmannová published the first Romani-Czech/Czech-Romani Pocket
Dictionary, with Hana Šebková and Anna Žigová in 1991. The dictionary,
362:
in 1998 for her efforts at promoting education and cultural preservation programs for the Roma communities. Continuing her publishing efforts, Hübschmannová authored, co-authored or edited more than 90 publications, in addition to editing some 400 articles which were published in
301:, was critically well-received as a standard work and was praised for its integration of standard phrases and terms across various Romani communities, including Czech, Hungarian, and Slovakian dialects. Other important works from the early 1970s found new printings, such as
211:. There was very little understanding of their ethnicity, language, culture or traditions. Hübschmannová worked among the Roma for nearly a year learning as much as she could, before returning to Prague and graduating from Charles University in 1956.
249:
using the Romani language as the primary language until students gained competency in Czech. But by August, 1968, events had changed and their work was brought to a halt, leading Hübschmannová to take work in a nursery school near the town of
420:(Milena Hübschmannová in Memorial) was published in 2007, giving biographical details of Hübschmannová's life and career. Romanis from around the world contributed to its creation, as did her siblings, friends and colleagues.
379:
because it is told as a first person account, the narrative restores the storyteller's humanity. Addressing attempts by the government to "reeducate" the Roma, and force their assimilation, the book explores the
1060:
261:
in the
Department of Philosophy and Sociology until 1974. She continued her analysis and gathering of information at the Academy, working with a multi-disciplinary team to develop not just the
293:
and the fall of communism, Roma culture was again allowed to flourish and Hübschmannová was both an advocate for preserving Romani heritage and an encouraging voice to the Roma communities.
396:
awarded her the Medal of Merit in the third degree and the following year she was awarded the Medal of Merit in the first degree by the
Ministry of Education, Youth, and Physical Training.
392:(Romani Studies 2) in 2000 and that same year was honored with a plaque at the Fifth International Congress of the International Romani Union, held in Prague. In 2002, Czech President
1035:
833:
929:
1008:
1068:
328:, the acting Commissioner for Human Rights, to develop a process for individual members of the Roma communities to seek justice. She also worked with museums in
1233:
1181:
245:. She helped found the Union of Gypsies-Roma during the period and edited a Romani-language journal. Through the Union, Hübschmannová helped to revive
1243:
358:
to develop curricula and train teachers to be able to teach Romani language and cultural studies. Hübschmannová received two cultural awards from the
968:
Grant, Anthony P. (September 1995). "Reviewed Work: Romsko-český, česko-romský kapesní slovník by Milena Hübschmannová, Hana Šebková, Anna Žigová".
31:
1129:
1085:
1196:
893:
317:(Romani Fairy Tales), which were locally printed in 1973 and 1974, but republished by Fortuna in 1999. Hübschmannová founded the journal
108:
Developing studies on the Roma people, their language, and culture and founding the first undergraduate degree program in Romani
Studies.
1248:
1043:
857:
258:
306:
336:
to establish archives for Romani materials. In 1995, Hübschmannová completed her doctoral work and was awarded the degree
274:
1018:
1202:
1156:
904:
203:
the study of the Romani language. At that time, there was a strong push to force the Roma in heavily Czech areas to
351:
126:
1253:
246:
888:. Witting, Maria (Translator). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 194–206.
1238:
911:. Prague, Czech Republic: Department of Linguistics and Finno-Ugric Studies, Charles University. Archived from
848:(1). Prague, Czech Republic: Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic: 203–206.
199:
175:
1088:[Dr. PhD. Milena Hübschmannová (1933-2005)—From the perspective of Indology and a longtime colleague]
241:
the preparatory work on a study of the Romani people, which was possible because of the loosening during the
1258:
1063:[Romani scholar Hübschmannová died in an accident in Africa] (in Czech). Prague, Czech Republic:
359:
338:
204:
1228:
1223:
1064:
321:(Romani Studies) in 1994, which became an important international publication of Romani scholarship.
183:
1139:
1109:
30:
995:
970:
163:
159:
122:
1042:(in Czech). Prague, Czech Republic: Faculty of Humanities of Charles University. Archived from
1192:
1101:
987:
941:
889:
877:
849:
290:
979:
409:
375:
187:
77:
130:
194:. In 1953, when the communist government sent her to participate in a working brigade in
346:(Romani Studies 1). Beginning in 1996, she worked with a consortium of linguists at the
223:
as a dramatic and literary editor, which allowed her to take field trips and record the
151:
134:
55:
1086:"Doc. PhDr. Milena Hübschmannová (1933-2005) z pohledu indologa a dlouholetého kolegy"
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393:
385:
81:
207:
into the majority culture, forcing many communities to flee the region, going to
405:
262:
220:
73:
1163:(in Czech). Prague, Czech Republic: Association for Literature. Archived from
1134:
355:
270:
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228:
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991:
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853:
278:
232:
179:
251:
404:
Hübschmannová died in a car accident on 8 September 2005 near the town of
1164:
912:
325:
286:
282:
224:
208:
384:
Humanitarian Hidalgo Prize in 2001 from Spain. Hübschmannová earned her
162:, graduating in 1951 and went on to pursue the study of language at the
195:
155:
999:
333:
237:
147:
51:
1191:. Inssbruck, Austria: Innsbruck University Press. pp. 191–203.
905:"Prominent Romani linguists and anthropologists will meet in Prague"
886:
Or Words to That Effect: Orality and the writing of literary history
983:
1187:. In Thurner, Erika; Hussl, Elisabeth; Eder-Jordan, Beate (eds.).
171:
167:
1130:"Milena Hübschmannová, filóloga, investigadora y escritora checa"
329:
254:
in a Romani settlement. She returned to India to study in 1969.
191:
739:
737:
735:
257:
Upon her return to Czechoslovakia, Hübschmannová worked at the
940:(2). Liverpool, England: Liverpool University Press: 175–179.
722:
720:
718:
1100:(1). Prague, Czech Republic: Nadace Romano Džaniben: 89–99.
166:. From childhood, she had been interested in the culture of
978:(3). Washington, D.C.: Linguistic Society of America: 642.
884:. In Chamberlain, Daniel F.; Chamberlin, J. Edward (eds.).
158:, during World War II. She attended the "H. Fasta" English
693:
691:
666:
664:
662:
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370:
In 1999, Hübschmannová published an important work called
176:
Oriental Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
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478:
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468:
466:
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958:
154:. In her childhood, her parents were imprisoned by the
499:
497:
495:
493:
1061:"Při nehodě v Africe zemřela romistka Hübschmannová"
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
437:
104:
96:
88:
62:
37:
21:
372:A false dawn: my life as a Gypsy woman in Slovakia
1038:[Aunt to the Roma—Milena Hübschmannová].
146:Milena Hübschmannová was born on 10 July 1933 in
125:of Prague. She was one of the leading experts on
743:
219:That same year, Hübschmannová began working at
1128:Martínez Ramírez, Manuel (17 September 2005).
8:
1159:[Milena Hübschmannová in Memorial].
834:"Medailon: Milena Hübschmannová (1933–2005)"
174:classes during her high school years at the
1138:(in Spanish). Madrid, Spain. Archived from
803:
755:
726:
641:
367:, for which she served as editor in chief.
1189:Roma und Travellers. Identitäten im Wandel
836:[Medallion: Milena Hübschmannová]
299:Romsko-český, česko-romský kapesní slovník
29:
18:
653:
629:
584:
815:
767:
709:
697:
670:
617:
605:
524:
484:
1182:"Romani teaching in the Czech Republic"
503:
433:
354:and the State Pedagogical Institute in
1155:Ryvolová, Karolína (17 January 2007).
1036:"Teta všech Romů—Milena Hübschmannová"
269:study of the Roma, but to include the
1157:"Milena Hübschmannová ve vzpomínkách"
928:Friedman, Victor A. (December 2005).
791:
779:
682:
572:
560:
548:
536:
455:
303:Šaj pes dovakeras: Můžeme se domluvit
138:to undergraduates in Romani Studies.
7:
1234:Academic staff of Charles University
903:Elšík, Viktor (13 September 2006).
418:Milena Hübschmannová ve vzpomínkách
374:. The book is the autobiography of
117:(1933-2005) was Czech professor of
305:(We can communicate) published by
178:. When she entered the university
135:academic study program on the Roma
14:
1059:Málek, Tomáš (9 September 2005).
1034:Jurková, Zuzana (1 August 2006).
1017:. London, England. Archived from
930:"Obituaries Milena Hübschmannová"
16:Czech linguist and Romani scholar
1244:20th-century Czech women writers
1007:Gross, Tom (18 September 2005).
281:profiles of the community. As a
259:Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
1:
961:'s Academic Search Complete
1084:Marek, Jan (January 2006).
876:Eder-Jordan, Beate (2016).
307:Palacký University, Olomouc
236:important poets, including
182:, Hübschmannová focused on
1275:
1249:20th-century Czech writers
1180:Sadílková, Helena (2015).
352:Paris Descartes University
348:Centre des Études Tsiganes
324:Hübschmannová worked with
127:Romani society and culture
1040:Lide mesta (Urban People)
842:Czech Sociological Review
28:
388:degree with a thesis of
200:Moravian-Silesian Region
963:(subscription required)
1009:"Milena Hubschmannova"
957: – via
832:Davidová, Eva (2006).
247:early school education
744:Martínez Ramírez 2005
360:Roma Civic Initiative
344:Romistické studie I
339:candidarus scientarum
390:Romistické studie II
313:(Romani Basics) and
180:Philology Department
115:Milena Hübschmannová
23:Milena Hübschmannová
656:, pp. 197–198.
632:, pp. 193–194.
342:with her thesis of
287:Pedagogical Faculty
1208:on 4 January 2017.
1021:on 2 December 2016
878:"Oral and Written
309:in 1993 and 1995;
164:Charles University
133:. She founded the
123:Charles University
1198:978-3-902936-95-0
1142:on 18 August 2014
1115:on 3 January 2017
1071:on 3 January 2017
915:on 4 January 2017
895:978-90-272-6780-1
863:on 3 January 2017
291:Velvet Revolution
112:
111:
1266:
1254:Romani activists
1209:
1207:
1201:. Archived from
1186:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1114:
1108:. Archived from
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1080:
1078:
1076:
1067:. Archived from
1055:
1053:
1051:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1003:
964:
956:
954:
952:
924:
922:
920:
899:
872:
870:
868:
862:
856:. Archived from
839:
819:
813:
807:
804:Eder-Jordan 2016
801:
795:
789:
783:
777:
771:
765:
759:
756:Eder-Jordan 2016
753:
747:
741:
730:
727:Eder-Jordan 2016
724:
713:
707:
701:
695:
686:
680:
674:
668:
657:
651:
645:
642:Eder-Jordan 2016
639:
633:
627:
621:
615:
609:
603:
588:
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564:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
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507:
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482:
459:
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410:Gauteng Province
400:Death and legacy
311:Základy romštiny
78:Gauteng Province
69:
66:8 September 2005
47:
45:
33:
19:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1239:Women linguists
1214:
1213:
1212:
1205:
1199:
1184:
1179:
1170:
1168:
1154:
1145:
1143:
1127:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1094:Romano Džaniben
1089:
1083:
1074:
1072:
1058:
1049:
1047:
1046:on 4 March 2016
1033:
1024:
1022:
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967:
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950:
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927:
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916:
909:ling.ff.cuni.cz
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491:
483:
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454:
435:
431:
426:
402:
365:Romano Džaniben
319:Romano Džaniben
217:
184:Indic languages
144:
131:Romani language
84:
71:
67:
58:
49:
43:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1272:
1270:
1262:
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1259:Romani writers
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1197:
1177:
1167:on 2 June 2013
1152:
1125:
1081:
1056:
1031:
1004:
984:10.2307/416250
965:
934:Romani Studies
925:
900:
894:
873:
828:
826:
823:
821:
820:
808:
806:, p. 194.
796:
784:
772:
770:, p. 206.
760:
758:, p. 202.
748:
731:
729:, p. 201.
714:
712:, p. 178.
702:
700:, p. 177.
687:
685:, p. 642.
675:
673:, p. 205.
658:
654:Sadílková 2015
646:
644:, p. 196.
634:
630:Sadílková 2015
622:
620:, p. 204.
610:
608:, p. 176.
589:
587:, p. 197.
585:Sadílková 2015
577:
565:
553:
541:
529:
527:, p. 203.
508:
489:
487:, p. 175.
460:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
401:
398:
315:Romské pohádky
216:
213:
152:Czechoslovakia
143:
140:
110:
109:
106:
105:Known for
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
72:
70:(aged 72)
64:
60:
59:
56:Czechoslovakia
50:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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880:Šukar Laviben
874:
859:
855:
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847:
843:
835:
830:
829:
824:
817:
816:Ryvolová 2007
812:
809:
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797:
793:
788:
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776:
773:
769:
768:Davidová 2006
764:
761:
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752:
749:
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738:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
719:
715:
711:
710:Friedman 2005
706:
703:
699:
698:Friedman 2005
694:
692:
688:
684:
679:
676:
672:
671:Davidová 2006
667:
665:
663:
659:
655:
650:
647:
643:
638:
635:
631:
626:
623:
619:
618:Davidová 2006
614:
611:
607:
606:Friedman 2005
602:
600:
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
581:
578:
575:, p. 94.
574:
569:
566:
563:, p. 93.
562:
557:
554:
551:, p. 90.
550:
545:
542:
539:, p. 89.
538:
533:
530:
526:
525:Davidová 2006
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
509:
505:
500:
498:
496:
494:
490:
486:
485:Friedman 2005
481:
479:
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457:
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391:
387:
382:
381:ghettoization
377:
376:Ilona Lacková
373:
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276:
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253:
248:
244:
243:Prague Spring
239:
234:
230:
226:
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212:
210:
206:
201:
197:
193:
190:, Hindi, and
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
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157:
153:
149:
141:
139:
136:
132:
129:, as well as
128:
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95:
91:
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83:
79:
75:
65:
61:
57:
53:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
1203:the original
1188:
1169:. Retrieved
1165:the original
1160:
1144:. Retrieved
1140:the original
1133:
1117:. Retrieved
1110:the original
1097:
1096:(in Czech).
1093:
1073:. Retrieved
1069:the original
1048:. Retrieved
1044:the original
1039:
1023:. Retrieved
1019:the original
1014:The Guardian
1012:
975:
969:
949:. Retrieved
937:
933:
917:. Retrieved
913:the original
908:
885:
882:of the Roma"
879:
865:. Retrieved
858:the original
845:
844:(in Czech).
841:
825:Bibliography
811:
799:
787:
775:
763:
751:
705:
678:
649:
637:
625:
613:
580:
568:
556:
544:
532:
504:Jurková 2006
417:
414:South Africa
403:
394:Vaclav Havel
389:
386:Habilitation
371:
369:
364:
347:
343:
337:
323:
318:
314:
310:
302:
298:
295:
279:sociological
263:ethnographic
256:
238:Mirza Ghalib
218:
145:
114:
113:
82:South Africa
68:(2005-09-08)
48:10 June 1933
1229:2005 deaths
1224:1933 births
1161:iLiteratura
406:Kameeldrift
271:demographic
229:fairy tales
221:Czech Radio
186:, studying
121:studies at
89:Nationality
74:Kameeldrift
1218:Categories
792:Elšík 2006
780:Málek 2005
683:Grant 1995
573:Marek 2006
561:Marek 2006
549:Marek 2006
537:Marek 2006
456:Gross 2005
424:References
356:Bratislava
267:linguistic
205:assimilate
142:Early life
97:Occupation
44:1933-06-10
1171:4 January
1146:4 January
1119:3 January
1106:1210-8545
1075:3 January
1050:4 January
1025:3 January
992:0097-8507
951:3 January
946:1528-0748
919:4 January
867:3 January
854:0038-0288
429:Citations
233:folksongs
170:and took
160:Gymnasium
971:Language
326:Petr Uhl
283:linguist
275:historic
225:folklore
209:Slovakia
100:academic
1135:El País
350:of the
198:in the
196:Ostrava
188:Bengali
156:Gestapo
1195:
1104:
1000:416250
998:
990:
944:
892:
852:
334:Vienna
252:Rakúsy
215:Career
148:Prague
119:Romani
52:Prague
1206:(PDF)
1185:(PDF)
1113:(PDF)
1090:(PDF)
1065:IDnes
996:JSTOR
959:EBSCO
861:(PDF)
838:(PDF)
172:Hindi
168:India
92:Czech
1193:ISBN
1173:2017
1148:2017
1121:2017
1102:ISSN
1077:2017
1052:2017
1027:2017
988:ISSN
953:2017
942:ISSN
921:2017
890:ISBN
869:2017
850:ISSN
332:and
330:Brno
277:and
265:and
231:and
192:Urdu
63:Died
38:Born
980:doi
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