2536:
31:
86:
2499:
2490:
the army and consumed for meat. Roads facilitate the movement of wheeled vehicles, and travel by river or sea permits the carriage of large volumes of supplies. This allowed the army some measure of self-sufficiency, and until the development of faster firing weapons in the 19th century most of the ammunition a soldier needed for an entire campaign could be carried on their person or in wagons accompanying the troops. However, this method led to an extensive baggage train which could slow the army's advance.
50:
2447:
2187:, the administrator or intendant of the Roman armies. It is properly that branch of the military art embracing all the details for moving and supplying armies. It includes the operations of the ordnance, quartermaster's, subsistence, medical, and pay departments. It also embraces the preparation and regulation of magazines, for opening a campaign, and all orders of march and other orders from the general-in-chief relative to moving and supplying armies.
2215:
embraces all military activities not included in the terms "strategy" and "tactics." In this sense, logistics includes procurement, storage, and distribution of equipment and supplies; transport of troops and cargo by land, sea, and air; construction and maintenance of facilities; communication by wire, radio, and the mails; care of the sick and wounded; and the induction, classification, assignment, welfare and separation of personnel.
2708:
2596:
2270:
4807:
30:
2473:, whereby an army takes cash and buys its supplies in the field. Cash can also be obtained in the field through local taxation, backed by the threat of violence. The major drawback of using local sources of supply is that they can be exhausted if an army remains in one place for too long, so a force dependent on local supply needs to keep moving.
2724:
is small and they can be considered individually, but they can also be too large for this to be possible. The consideration of constraints simplifies the decision making. These constraints could be economic, such as cost, but might also be less easily quantified, such as political, strategic or operational considerations. The United States
2481:. A besieging force can attempt to starve out a garrison or tempt it to sally through devastation of the surrounding area rather than undertake the more costly operation of assaulting and destroying it, but if it is dependent on local supply then the besieger who might be starved out through their exhaustion.
2723:
that explicitly evaluates multiple conflicting criteria in decision making. The location of a supply depot could involve multiple considerations and constraints, such as the access to road, rail and sea transport, and travel times to desired delivery destinations. Sometimes the number of alternatives
2512:
Obtaining supplies in the field and carrying supplies with the army remained the primary means of supply until the 19th century, but even in the 17th century the much larger armies of the period were highly dependent on food supplies being gathered in magazines and shipped to the front. Starting with
2214:
The word "logistics" has been given many different shades of meaning. A common definition is: "That branch of military art which embraces the details of the transport, quartering, and supply of troops in military operations." As the word is used in the following pages, its meaning is even broader. It
2489:
A second method is to bring along what is needed, whether by ships, pack animals, wagons or carried on the backs of the soldiers themselves. Since ancient times, troops had carried rations and personal equipment such as weapons, armour, cooking gear and bedrolls. Animals could be driven to accompany
2591:
made logistics a major part of his strategy. He dispersed his corps along a broad front to maximise the area from which supplies could be drawn. Each day forage parties brought in supplies. This differed from earlier operations living off the land in the size of the forces involved, and because the
2748:
of equipment and parts. This can be used to develop replacement factors, on which manufacturing and stock levels can be based. In the case of items like subsistence and soap, where demand is highly predictable, it is more convenient to use consumption factors instead. Forecasting of casualties in
2660:
was successful in supplying half of the city. With the subsequent development of large jets, aircraft became the preferred method of moving personnel over long distances, although it was still more economical to move cargo by sea and land. In forward areas, the helicopter was well-suited to moving
2579:
When operating in enemy territory an army was forced to plunder the local countryside for supplies, which allowed war to be conducted at the enemy's expense. However, with the increase in army sizes from the late sixteenth century onward, this reliance on pillage and plunder became problematic, as
2683:
Operational logistics involves logistical activities within the theatre of operations. It includes the reception, storage, and distribution of supplies and personnel, the hospitalisation of casualties, the maintenance and repair of equipment, and the operation of the intra-theatre transportation
2551:
times. The most basic requirements of an army were food and water. Early armies were equipped with weapons used for hunting like spears, knives, axes and bows and arrows, and rarely exceeded 20,000 men due to the practical difficulty of supplying a large number of soldiers. Large armies began to
2571:
in India built networks of roads, but it was far less expensive to transport a ton of grain from Egypt to Rome by sea than 80 kilometres (50 mi) by road. After the fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century there was the shift from a centrally organised army to a combination of military
2520:
At the same time, increased demands for ammunition, and the heavier weight of shells and bombs made it more difficult for armies to carry their requirements, and they soon became dependent on regular replenishment of ammunition from depots. At the same time, mechanisation, with motor vehicles
2674:
Akin to the three levels of war, there can be considered to be three levels of logistics. Although modern communications and information technology may have blurred the distinction between them, the three-level hierarchy is deeply embedded in the organisational structure of military forces.
2764:
Mathematical models exist for scheduling of convoys to ensure that vehicles and the goods they carry arrive in time. Vehicle routing models can be used to select routes for timely delivery with minimum exposure to enemy action and without overloading the capacity of transportation networks.
2765:
Scheduling models can be used to coordinate convoys the share the same routes. There are also models for inventory management that can be used to scheduling and quantity of orders, and stock levels, taking into account factors such as storage capacity, demand rates and delivery lead times.
2521:
replacing animals, created a demand for fuel and spare parts, neither of which could be obtained locally. This led to a "logistical revolution" which began in the 20th century and drastically improved the capabilities of modern armies while making them highly dependent on this method.
2584:
in particular were affected by this, both for an army attempting to lay siege to a town and one coming to its relief. Unless a commander was able to arrange a form of regular resupply, a fortress or town with a devastated countryside could become immune to either operation.
2739:
Logistical planning requires forecasting of future consumption and attrition. There are two types of attrition: material attrition and personnel attrition. The former relates to the loss of equipment through combat, accidents and ordinary wear and tear through usage.
2462:
for animals in the field. The availability of these tends to be seasonal, with greater abundance around harvest time in agricultural regions. There is also a dependence on geography, for in desert campaigns there may not be food, water or fodder available locally.
2260:
Logistics is an enabler of military operations, not an end in itself. Poor logistics can result in defeat, but even the best logistics cannot guarantee victory. Conversely, the best possible logistics is not always required: fit for purpose can suffice.
2616:
were a more economical form of transport than animal-drawn carts and wagons, although they were limited to tracks, and therefore could not support an advancing army unless its advance was along existing railway lines. At the same time, the advent of
2476:
The widespread use of resources in the field gives rise to counter-logistics, whereby they are denied to the enemy through devastation of the land and removal or destruction of resources. Pre-emptive purchasing can be used as a form of
2679:
Strategic logistics involves logistical activities that are conducted at national and international levels. It includes defining requirements, and arranging for the production and distribution of materiel to operational
2535:
2603:
The nineteenth century witnessed technological developments that facilitated immense improvements to the storage, handling and transportation of supplies which made it easier to support and army from the rear.
2061:
is the discipline of planning and carrying out the movement, supply, and maintenance of military forces. In its most comprehensive sense, it is those aspects or military operations that deal with:
2592:
primary motivation was the emperor's desire for mobility. Ammunition could not as a rule be obtained locally, but it was still possible to carry sufficient ammunition for an entire campaign.
4359:
2684:
system. The operational level of war can be defined by the amount of logistical independence a formation has. For this reason logistics is most often discussed at the operational level.
2608:
simplified storage and distribution of foods, and reduced waste and the incidence of food-related illness. Refrigeration allowed frozen meat and fresh produce to be stored and shipped.
2296:: The impetus of supply should be from the rear, and combat unit commanders should be spared having to deal with logistical details while still being in control of their logistics.
2580:
decisions regarding where and when an army could move or fight became based not on strategic objectives but on whether a given area was capable of supporting the soldiers' needs.
2691:
Unlike business logistics, the objective of military logistics is not cost effectiveness of the supply chain, but maximum sustained combat effectiveness. At the tactical level,
3470:
2226:
The science of planning and carrying out the movement and maintenance of forces. In its most comprehensive sense, the aspects of military operations which deal with:
4499:. United States Army in World War II – The Technical Services. Vol. I. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army.
2498:
2273:
Pallets of supplies being dropped to servicemembers at a remote camp in
Afghanistan. Air transport was an important part of NATO logistics in Afghanistan.
2648:. The development of air transport provided an alternative to both land and sea transport, but with limited tonnage and at high cost. An airlift over "
85:
2517:, new technological, technical and administrative advances permitted supplies to be transported at speeds and over distances never before possible.
1009:
4636:
1436:
2749:
combat is more difficult, as past experience may not be a reliable guide to future losses, but is required for planning by the medical services.
4648:
4586:
4555:
4528:
4412:
4379:
4341:
4314:
4284:
4222:
4195:
4168:
4133:
4099:
3966:
3919:
3869:
3810:
3780:
3753:
2417:: the point at which sufficient supplies, support and distribution capabilities exist to initiate operations at an acceptable level of risk.
4695:
2644:
offered an alternative to animal transport for moving supplies forward of the railhead, although many armies still used animals during the
43:
2469:
was a means of obtaining supplies in the field. It is possible to capture supplies from the enemy or enemy population. An alternative is
2729:
2716:
1792:
2308:: Multiple sources of supply and lines of communications reduce the enemy interference and congestion of transportation infrastructure.
2200:
1987:
1765:
380:
4675:
1441:
4124:
Irnich, Stefan; Toth, Paolo; Vigo, Daniele (2014). "The Family of
Vehicle Routing Problems". In Toth, Paolo; Vigo, Daniele (eds.).
2576:
was a distributed military logistics system where magnates of the households drew upon their own resources for men and equipment.
1519:
4442:
1502:
4128:. MOS-SIAM Series on Optimization (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. pp. 1–33.
2725:
1864:
1289:
134:
1628:
2438:
There are three basic options for the supply of an army in the field, which can be employed individually or in combination.
2530:
2045:
1492:
4811:
2290:: Mobilisation of materiel should precede that of personnel, and the provision of logistical units that of combat units.
2231:
design and development, acquisition, storage, movement, distribution, maintenance, evacuation, and disposal of materiel;
2183:
Bardin considers the application of this word by some writers as more ambitious than accurate. It is derived from Latin
1982:
446:
4827:
2142:, an officer responsible for planning marches, establishing camp sites, and regulating transport and supply. The term
1992:
1179:
981:
852:
390:
2745:
2641:
1456:
4832:
4188:
Multiple
Criteria Decision Making: From Early History To The 21st Century: From Early History to the 21st Century
1566:
1074:
423:
297:
151:
3798:
2733:
2653:
2017:
1884:
1431:
1124:
942:
790:
2302:: Logistics should facilitate the rapid movement of both combat and logistical units in support of operations.
2741:
2560:
to carry supplies. Food, water and fodder for the animals could usually be found or purchased in the field.
2254:
1970:
1952:
1708:
1267:
1189:
1134:
732:
395:
4438:
1837:
1812:
1534:
1446:
1319:
1194:
795:
772:
218:
117:
49:
4401:
2758:
2514:
2379:
2284:: Strategy, tactics and logistics are inseparable and interdependent facets of military art and science.
1426:
1359:
1312:
966:
929:
892:
810:
762:
646:
456:
264:
173:
39:
2137:
2423:: the ability to maintain the necessary level and duration of logistics support to achieve objectives.
3828:
Bracken, Jerome; Kress, Moshe; Rosent, Richard E. (June 1996). "Introduction to 'Warfare
Modeling'".
2754:
2750:
2540:
2326:: Strategic and operational plans and priorities change and logistical support must change with them.
2149:
2066:
1817:
1719:
1576:
1571:
1389:
1354:
1089:
909:
767:
703:
557:
527:
124:
34:
U.S. Marines from Combat
Logistics Battalion 8 and Navy personnel from Beach Master Unit 2 off-load
4491:
2720:
2502:
2207:
1668:
1653:
1529:
1416:
1394:
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1329:
1239:
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954:
904:
671:
661:
626:
418:
408:
178:
102:
4244:
4766:
4720:
4478:
4044:
3857:
3845:
3775:. Classics in Applied Mathematics. Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
3721:
2618:
2002:
1857:
1777:
1698:
1643:
1618:
1539:
1451:
1382:
1299:
1209:
1114:
1059:
949:
914:
867:
742:
713:
666:
604:
579:
413:
227:
146:
3704:
Ast, Richard; Ullman, David (September 2011). "Analysis of
Alternatives (AoA) Based Decisions".
2446:
2356:: Logistics is a function of command and a single authority should be responsible for logistics.
2314:: Logistical resources are limited, so they must be deployed so as to make the best use of them.
4086:
4057:
3887:
Dupuy, Trevor N.; Brinkerhoff, John R.; Johnson, C. Curtiss; Clark, Peter J. (September 1986).
4837:
4786:
4758:
4712:
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4671:
4654:
4644:
4617:
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4582:
4561:
4551:
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4500:
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4408:
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4347:
4337:
4320:
4310:
4290:
4280:
4253:
4228:
4218:
4201:
4191:
4174:
4164:
4139:
4129:
4105:
4095:
4066:
4036:
3994:
3972:
3962:
3945:
3925:
3915:
3875:
3865:
3837:
3816:
3806:
3786:
3776:
3759:
3749:
3713:
2622:
2160:
2038:
1947:
1894:
1797:
1787:
1782:
1752:
1735:
1730:
1703:
1648:
1349:
1339:
1334:
1324:
1244:
1234:
1229:
1204:
1174:
1064:
1034:
1029:
1019:
1014:
1004:
919:
872:
842:
681:
474:
451:
385:
2450:
A soldier purchases fresh melons from a local merchant in Shah Wali Kot district, Afghanistan
4778:
4750:
4704:
4367:
4156:
4026:
3984:
3741:
3733:
2645:
2630:
2557:
2478:
2362:: Accurate and timely information is required for effective logistical planning and support.
2192:
2172:
2168:
2012:
1977:
1909:
1802:
1740:
1633:
1561:
1554:
1411:
1344:
1294:
1284:
1159:
1079:
1039:
1024:
991:
976:
847:
832:
785:
693:
651:
594:
589:
547:
370:
347:
254:
183:
112:
95:
4302:
4065:. Army Historical Series. Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army.
3937:
2657:
2634:
1822:
1807:
1725:
1681:
1623:
1279:
1274:
1164:
1154:
1069:
1044:
986:
827:
757:
747:
686:
599:
584:
507:
479:
279:
259:
107:
2007:
1997:
1745:
1169:
1129:
1107:
1094:
1084:
1054:
971:
924:
727:
718:
609:
562:
542:
532:
502:
469:
357:
314:
269:
141:
74:
4821:
4770:
4605:
4575:
4048:
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1844:
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1524:
1507:
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882:
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857:
837:
752:
723:
698:
574:
552:
537:
512:
352:
274:
237:
232:
129:
35:
2344:
Logistical tasks must be accomplished so as to take full advantage of opportunities.
4272:
2564:
2253:" began to be used in the business world, where it means physical distribution and
2237:
acquisition or construction, maintenance, operation, and disposition of facilities;
2031:
1957:
1937:
1932:
1827:
1772:
1406:
1401:
1224:
1139:
887:
621:
522:
319:
223:
2761:
that describe the time dependence of two armies' strengths as a function of time.
2707:
2595:
2079:
Acquisition or construction, maintenance, operation and disposition of facilities.
17:
3988:
3888:
2687:
Tactical logistics involves the logistical activities of units engaged in combat.
4240:
3907:
3894:(Report). Fairfax, Virginia: The Historical Evaluation and Research Organization
2626:
2203:
1942:
1693:
1658:
1497:
1184:
1149:
862:
805:
708:
492:
213:
208:
4407:(Report). Brussels: North Atlantic Treaty Organization Standardization Agency.
4754:
4538:
4351:
4294:
4277:
Feeding Mars: Logistics in
Western Warfare from the Middle Ages to the Present
4160:
3949:
3820:
3763:
2692:
2470:
2396:
2269:
2176:
1899:
1869:
1591:
960:
4762:
4741:
Prebilič, Vladimir (June 2006). "Theoretical aspects of military logistics".
4716:
4658:
4621:
4504:
4474:
4422:
4257:
4232:
4205:
4178:
4143:
4040:
3998:
3879:
3841:
3717:
2411:: using the minimum amount of resources required to bring about an objective.
2405:: the ability to improvise and adapt to changing situations and requirements.
2277:
Historian James A. Huston proposed sixteen principles of military logistics:
2112:, which refers to the principles of thought and action. Another Latin root,
4685:
4596:
4565:
4389:
4324:
4215:
Operational
Logistics: The Art and Science of Sustaining Military Operations
4109:
4031:
4014:
3976:
3929:
3790:
3745:
2609:
2573:
2548:
2250:
2131:
1889:
1713:
1663:
1613:
1603:
1598:
1463:
1254:
1249:
1214:
656:
342:
309:
198:
4790:
4461:
Rider, Graham W. (December 1970). "Evolution of the
Concept of Logistics".
4364:
Reducing the
Logistics Burden for the Army After Next: Doing More with Less
3993:. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). New York: Military-Naval Publishing Company.
4806:
4070:
3428:
3426:
3424:
2395:: fosters unity and efficiency in planning and execution, and reduces the
4693:
Zionts, Stanley (August 1979). "MCDM:If Not a Roman Numeral then What?".
2649:
2588:
2553:
2455:
2070:
1904:
1879:
1512:
1144:
1119:
737:
292:
166:
4724:
4708:
4482:
3849:
3725:
4088:
Guns and Butter, Powder and Rice: U.S. Army Logistics in the Korean War
2613:
2605:
2466:
1914:
1874:
1638:
1472:
1468:
815:
800:
676:
337:
332:
302:
241:
203:
4448:(Report). Washington, DC: Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint Publication 4-0
2350:: Someone must be responsible for logistical performance and outcomes.
2159:
In 1888, Charles C. Rogers created a course on naval logistics at the
2125:
4307:
For Want of a Nail: The Impact of War on Logistics and Communications
2581:
2459:
2069:, storage, distribution, maintenance, evacuation, and disposition of
1421:
822:
639:
375:
3471:"To Nail Logistics, US Army Works on Info-Sharing at Talisman Sabre"
2791:
2789:
2715:
The development of computers facilitated the use of analytic tools.
2100:
meaning "skilled in calculating", and its corresponding Latin word
4371:
4246:
Logistics in World War II: Final Report of the Army Service Forces
3990:
Farrow's Military Encyclopedia; A Dictionary of Military Knowledge
2706:
2594:
2556:. Animals such as horses, oxen, camels and elephants were used as
2534:
2497:
2445:
2338:: Fundamental changes should not be required to meet an emergency.
2268:
2197:
Logistics in World War II: Final Report of the Army Service Forces
2156:(1838). In the English translation, the word became "logistics".
897:
433:
428:
48:
29:
2640:
In the twentieth century the advent of motor vehicles powered by
4604:
Tepic, Jovan; Tanackov, Ilija; Stojić, Gordan (September 2011).
4397:
2695:
is the overriding consideration, whereas at the strategic level
2219:
193:
188:
2320:: Logistical capabilities are subject to external constraints.
66:
4577:
Napoleon's Conquest of Europe: The War of the Third Coalition
2389:: Providing the required support when and where it is needed.
3959:
Alexander the Great and the Logistics of the Macedonian Army
3651:
3588:
2454:
The most basic requirements of an army were food and water.
2148:
soon came to refer to his duties. It was in this sense that
4186:
Koksalan, Murat; Wallenius, Jyrki; Zionts, Stanley (2011).
3310:
3308:
4493:
The Quartermaster Corps: Organisation Supply and Services
3432:
3112:
3110:
2094:
The word "logistics" is derived from the Greek adjective
4548:
The Logistics of the Roman Army at War (264 BC - AD 235)
3068:
3066:
3064:
2257:. This is more restricted than the military definition.
2122:, meaning to lodge or dwell, and became the French verb
4606:"Ancient Logistics - Historical Timeline and Etymology"
4094:. Cranbury, New Jersey: Associated University Presses.
3515:
3085:
3083:
3081:
2368:: Logistics is facilitated by strict quality standards.
2107:
2095:
4521:
Nierstein and Oppenheim 1945: Patton Bounces the Rhine
3611:
3609:
3538:
3536:
3327:
3325:
3323:
2950:
2948:
2429:: the capacity to prevail in spite of adverse impacts.
4013:
Ferris, Stephen P.; Keithly, David M. (Autumn 1997).
3889:
Handbook on Ground Forces Attrition in Modern Warfare
3127:
3125:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2661:
troops and supplies, especially over rugged terrain.
2374:: Simple solutions are more effective and manageable.
4126:
Vehicle Routing: Problems, Methods, and Applications
3944:. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: The Stackpole Company.
3862:
Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton
2795:
2130:, meaning "to lodge". Around 1670, the French King
4785:. Kansas City, Missouri: Franklin Hudson Pub. Co.
4574:
3639:
4252:. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
4153:Logistics and Transportation: Design and Planning
3569:"Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) Based Decisions"
3239:
3215:
3179:
2612:made water transports faster and more reliable.
2382:reduced the number of principles to just seven:
2633:sent ammunition consumption soaring during the
2547:The history of military logistics goes back to
2224:
2212:
2181:
4783:Pure Logistics: The Science of War Preparation
4670:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
4015:"21st-Century Logistics: Joint Ties That Bind"
3675:
3600:
4641:Lifeblood of War: Logistics in Armed Conflict
3403:
2927:
2867:
2780:
2543:to support the first ever C-17 polar airdrop.
2210:, gave the term a more expansive definition:
2039:
8:
4366:. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
4334:Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management
3961:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
3771:Barlow, Richard E.; Proschan, Frank (1996).
2736:, and require it for military acquisitions.
2143:
2135:
2123:
4059:The Sinews of War: Army Logistics 1775-1953
2117:
2101:
3663:
2332:: Logistics is relative to time and space.
2240:acquisition or furnishing of services; and
2046:
2032:
56:
4030:
3864:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3554:
3155:
1010:List of military strategies and concepts
4332:Mangan, John; Lalwani, Chandra (2016).
3738:Warfare in Medieval Europe c.400-c.1453
3444:
3379:
3343:
3299:
3287:
3263:
3251:
2773:
2191:The term became popularised during the
64:
4668:Defense Logistics for the 21st Century
4402:NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions
3527:
3491:
3391:
3167:
2915:
2903:
2879:
2831:
2753:have been developed for this purpose.
2082:Acquisition or furnishing of services.
3687:
3627:
3615:
3542:
3516:Koksalan, Wallenius & Zionts 2011
3503:
3456:
3415:
3367:
3227:
3191:
3116:
3089:
3072:
3043:
3007:
2995:
2971:
2954:
2939:
2891:
2843:
2819:
2807:
7:
3740:. Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge.
3355:
3331:
3314:
3275:
3203:
3143:
3131:
3101:
3055:
3031:
3019:
2983:
2855:
2399:and the "friction" caused by combat.
2106:. In turn this comes from the Greek
44:Logistics Vehicle System Replacement
4336:(3rd ed.). Chichester: Wiley.
3567:Ullman, David C. (September 2011).
2717:Multiple-criteria decision analysis
2539:Airmen load pallets of fuel onto a
2243:medical and health service support.
2222:uses a more restrictive definition:
2085:Medical and health service support.
4279:. London and New York: Routledge.
3773:Mathematical Theory of Reliability
3469:Demarest, Colin (14 August 2023).
25:
3942:Logistics in the National Defense
2796:Tepic, Tanackov & Stojić 2011
4805:
3640:Bracken, Kress & Rosent 1996
2599:Russian vehicle movement by rail
2572:forces made up of local troops.
2206:, the commanding general of the
84:
4666:Tuttle, William G. Jr. (2005).
4190:. Singapore: World Scientific.
2726:Office of Management and Budget
27:Military supply and maintenance
4217:. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
3433:National Research Council 1999
2719:(MCDA) is a sub-discipline of
2165:Farrow's Military Encyclopedia
1:
4743:Defense and Security Analysis
3803:Logistics: The Key to Victory
3736:; Bachrach, David S. (2017).
2751:Mathematical models of combat
2656:, and after the war the 1948
2531:History of military logistics
4151:Kasilingam, Raja G. (1998).
3805:. Yorkshire: Pen and Sword.
3676:Irnich, Toth & Vigo 2014
3240:Bachrach & Bachrach 2017
3216:Bachrach & Bachrach 2017
3180:Bachrach & Bachrach 2017
2744:can be used to forecast the
2711:Supply convoy in Afghanistan
2485:Carry supplies with the army
2458:involved gathering food and
2442:Obtain supplies in the field
2152:referred to the term in his
4573:Schneid, Frederick (2005).
3914:. London: The Bodley Head.
2642:internal combustion engines
2494:Ship supplies from the rear
2116:, gave rise around 1380 to
1503:Military–industrial complex
982:Operational manoeuvre group
4854:
4546:Roth, Jonathan P. (1999).
3957:Engels, Donald W. (1980).
3601:Barlow & Proschan 1996
2746:mean time between failures
2732:call this methodology the
2528:
4755:10.1080/14751790600764037
4360:National Research Council
4161:10.1007/978-1-4615-5277-2
4085:Huston, James A. (1989).
4056:Huston, James A. (1966).
3404:Ferris & Keithly 1997
2868:Mangan & Lalwani 2016
2781:Mangan & Lalwani 2016
2699:is the dominant concern.
2179:provided this definition:
2154:Summary of the Art of War
1567:Loss-of-strength gradient
424:Combat information center
4463:Naval War College Review
2734:Analysis of Alternatives
2508:receives supplies at sea
2249:In the 1960s, the term "
2134:created the position of
2090:Etymology and definition
1885:Military science fiction
1370:Technology and equipment
791:List of military tactics
53:Loading artillery shells
4032:10.55540/0031-1723.1839
3746:10.4324/9781003032878-5
2255:supply chain management
2234:transport of personnel;
2108:
2096:
2076:Transport of personnel.
1953:Wartime sexual violence
1709:Full-spectrum dominance
1520:Supply-chain management
4519:Rodgers, Russ (2020).
2759:differential equations
2712:
2631:quick-firing artillery
2600:
2544:
2509:
2451:
2274:
2247:
2217:
2189:
2144:
2136:
2124:
2118:
2102:
1865:Awards and decorations
1838:Peace through strength
1813:Low-intensity conflict
1447:Conscientious objector
1320:Area of responsibility
54:
46:
4643:. London: Brassey's.
4581:. Westport: Praeger.
4309:. London: Brassey's.
4213:Kress, Moshe (2002).
3985:Farrow, Edward Samuel
3555:Ast & Ullman 2011
2998:, pp. 12–13, 78.
2730:Department of Defense
2710:
2598:
2538:
2515:Industrial Revolution
2501:
2449:
2380:Joint Chiefs of Staff
2272:
2065:Design, development,
457:Torpedo data computer
447:Ship gun fire-control
52:
40:Landing Craft Utility
33:
4814:at Wikimedia Commons
4490:Risch, Erna (1953).
4439:O'Donohue, Daniel J.
4155:. Boston: Springer.
3734:Bachrach, Bernard S.
2652:" helped supply the
2541:C-17 Globemaster III
2171:, and instructor in
2150:Antoine-Henri Jomini
1983:Military occupations
1818:Military engineering
1720:Unrestricted Warfare
1577:Force multiplication
475:Military manoeuvrers
4709:10.1287/inte.9.4.94
3858:Creveld, Martin van
3630:, pp. 215–216.
3394:, pp. 431–432.
3382:, pp. 129–130.
3346:, pp. 109–111.
3317:, pp. 183–184.
3242:, pp. 182–184.
3218:, pp. 181–182.
3206:, pp. 214–217.
3182:, pp. 170–171.
3104:, pp. 140–143.
3034:, pp. 139–140.
3022:, pp. 143–146.
2930:, pp. I-8–I-9.
2918:, pp. 655–668.
2906:, pp. 386–388.
2721:operations research
2288:Material precedence
2208:Army Service Forces
1669:Penal military unit
1654:Rules of engagement
1330:Command and control
955:Operations research
419:Director (military)
409:Fire-control system
179:Command and control
60:Part of a series on
4828:Military logistics
4812:Military logistics
4523:. Oxford: Osprey.
2742:Reliability theory
2713:
2654:Chinese war effort
2623:bolt-action rifles
2619:industrial warfare
2601:
2545:
2510:
2452:
2378:The United States
2275:
2201:Lieutenant General
2138:Maréchal des logis
2059:Military logistics
1778:Counter-insurgency
1699:Command of the sea
1644:Jewish laws on war
1619:Geneva Conventions
1155:Divide and conquer
950:Military operation
915:Tactical objective
414:Fire-control radar
391:Electronic-warfare
55:
47:
18:Military Logistics
4810:Media related to
4779:Thorpe, George C.
4650:978-0-08-040977-1
4588:978-0-275-98096-2
4557:978-90-04-11271-1
4550:. Leiden: Brill.
4530:978-1-4728-4041-7
4414:978-1-4826-7944-1
4381:978-0-309-06378-4
4343:978-1-119-12399-6
4316:978-0-08-036268-7
4286:978-0-367-15749-4
4224:978-1-4020-7084-6
4197:978-981-4335-58-4
4170:978-1-4615-5277-2
4135:978-1-611973-58-7
4101:978-0-941664-87-5
3968:978-0-520-04272-8
3921:978-0-370-30729-9
3871:978-0-521-21730-9
3812:978-1-39900-601-9
3782:978-0-89871-369-5
3755:978-1-003-03287-8
3690:, pp. 29–30.
3652:Dupuy et al. 1986
3589:Dupuy et al. 1986
3530:, pp. 95–96.
3518:, pp. 12–13.
3406:, pp. 38–49.
3290:, pp. 56–57.
3278:, pp. 18–19.
3170:, pp. 14–16.
3119:, pp. 10–11.
3010:, pp. 6, 74.
2755:Lanchester's laws
2161:Naval War College
2056:
2055:
1948:Horses in warfare
1895:Anti-war movement
1798:Gunboat diplomacy
1788:Disaster response
1736:Philosophy of war
1731:Principles of war
1704:Deterrence theory
1649:Right of conquest
1572:Lanchester's laws
1340:Principles of war
1030:Counter-offensive
1015:Military campaign
920:Target saturation
843:Counterinsurgency
452:Gun data computer
386:Close air support
348:Aircraft carriers
16:(Redirected from
4845:
4833:Military science
4809:
4794:
4774:
4728:
4689:
4662:
4637:Thompson, Julian
4632:
4630:
4628:
4610:Tehnički Vjesnik
4600:
4580:
4569:
4542:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4498:
4486:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4447:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4406:
4393:
4355:
4328:
4303:Macksey, Kenneth
4298:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4251:
4236:
4209:
4182:
4147:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4093:
4081:
4079:
4077:
4064:
4052:
4034:
4009:
4007:
4005:
3980:
3953:
3938:Eccles, Henry E.
3933:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3893:
3883:
3853:
3836:(2): 16–17, 20.
3824:
3794:
3767:
3729:
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3631:
3625:
3619:
3613:
3604:
3598:
3592:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3575:
3564:
3558:
3552:
3546:
3540:
3531:
3525:
3519:
3513:
3507:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3466:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3430:
3419:
3413:
3407:
3401:
3395:
3389:
3383:
3377:
3371:
3365:
3359:
3353:
3347:
3341:
3335:
3329:
3318:
3312:
3303:
3302:, p. 33-34.
3297:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3273:
3267:
3261:
3255:
3254:, pp. 5–10.
3249:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3219:
3213:
3207:
3201:
3195:
3194:, pp. 9–10.
3189:
3183:
3177:
3171:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3120:
3114:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3076:
3075:, pp. 9–10.
3070:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3041:
3035:
3029:
3023:
3017:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2958:
2952:
2943:
2937:
2931:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2870:, pp. 9–13.
2865:
2859:
2858:, p. 2-L-5.
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2817:
2811:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2784:
2778:
2703:Analytical tools
2646:Second World War
2558:beasts of burden
2479:economic warfare
2354:Unity of command
2193:Second World War
2169:Edward S. Farrow
2147:
2141:
2129:
2121:
2111:
2105:
2099:
2048:
2041:
2034:
1803:Humanitarian aid
1741:Security dilemma
1562:Power projection
1345:Economy of force
1325:Chain of command
1040:Defence in depth
1025:Commerce raiding
848:Defeat in detail
184:Defense ministry
88:
79:
78:
69:
57:
21:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4842:
4818:
4817:
4802:
4797:
4777:
4740:
4736:
4734:Further reading
4731:
4692:
4678:
4665:
4651:
4635:
4626:
4624:
4603:
4589:
4572:
4558:
4545:
4531:
4518:
4509:
4507:
4496:
4489:
4460:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4443:Joint Logistics
4437:
4428:
4426:
4415:
4404:
4396:
4382:
4358:
4344:
4331:
4317:
4301:
4287:
4271:
4262:
4260:
4249:
4239:
4225:
4212:
4198:
4185:
4171:
4150:
4136:
4123:
4114:
4112:
4102:
4091:
4084:
4075:
4073:
4062:
4055:
4012:
4003:
4001:
3983:
3969:
3956:
3936:
3922:
3906:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3886:
3872:
3856:
3827:
3813:
3797:
3783:
3770:
3756:
3732:
3703:
3699:
3694:
3686:
3682:
3678:, pp. 1–3.
3674:
3670:
3666:, pp. 1–5.
3664:Kasilingam 1998
3662:
3658:
3650:
3646:
3638:
3634:
3626:
3622:
3614:
3607:
3603:, pp. 1–5.
3599:
3595:
3587:
3583:
3573:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3553:
3549:
3541:
3534:
3526:
3522:
3514:
3510:
3502:
3498:
3490:
3486:
3476:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3455:
3451:
3443:
3439:
3431:
3422:
3414:
3410:
3402:
3398:
3390:
3386:
3378:
3374:
3366:
3362:
3354:
3350:
3342:
3338:
3330:
3321:
3313:
3306:
3298:
3294:
3286:
3282:
3274:
3270:
3262:
3258:
3250:
3246:
3238:
3234:
3226:
3222:
3214:
3210:
3202:
3198:
3190:
3186:
3178:
3174:
3166:
3162:
3154:
3150:
3142:
3138:
3130:
3123:
3115:
3108:
3100:
3096:
3092:, pp. 4–5.
3088:
3079:
3071:
3062:
3054:
3050:
3042:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3018:
3014:
3006:
3002:
2994:
2990:
2982:
2978:
2970:
2961:
2953:
2946:
2938:
2934:
2926:
2922:
2914:
2910:
2902:
2898:
2890:
2886:
2882:, pp. 3–4.
2878:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2842:
2838:
2830:
2826:
2818:
2814:
2806:
2802:
2794:
2787:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2705:
2672:
2667:
2658:Berlin Air Lift
2635:First World War
2621:in the form of
2533:
2527:
2496:
2487:
2444:
2436:
2294:Forward impetus
2267:
2246:
2092:
2052:
2023:
2022:
1973:
1963:
1962:
1928:
1920:
1919:
1860:
1850:
1849:
1823:Multilateralism
1808:Law enforcement
1768:
1758:
1757:
1726:Just war theory
1684:
1674:
1673:
1624:Geneva Protocol
1594:
1584:
1583:
1557:
1547:
1546:
1488:
1478:
1477:
1385:
1375:
1374:
1315:
1305:
1304:
1270:
1260:
1259:
1190:Network-centric
1110:
1100:
1099:
1007:
997:
996:
945:
935:
934:
883:Rapid dominance
788:
778:
777:
733:Electromagnetic
642:
632:
631:
618:
571:
519:
495:
485:
484:
480:Combat training
461:
438:
404:Combat systems:
400:
362:
358:Auxiliary ships
324:
284:
280:Military police
246:
169:
159:
158:
98:
72:
71:
70:
65:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4851:
4849:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4801:
4800:External links
4798:
4796:
4795:
4775:
4749:(2): 159–177.
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4690:
4676:
4663:
4649:
4633:
4616:(3): 379–384.
4601:
4587:
4570:
4556:
4543:
4529:
4516:
4487:
4458:
4441:(8 May 2019).
4435:
4413:
4394:
4380:
4356:
4342:
4329:
4315:
4299:
4285:
4275:, ed. (1993).
4269:
4237:
4223:
4210:
4196:
4183:
4169:
4148:
4134:
4121:
4100:
4082:
4053:
4010:
3981:
3967:
3954:
3934:
3920:
3904:
3884:
3870:
3854:
3825:
3811:
3795:
3781:
3768:
3754:
3730:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3680:
3668:
3656:
3644:
3632:
3620:
3605:
3593:
3581:
3559:
3547:
3532:
3520:
3508:
3496:
3484:
3473:. Defense News
3461:
3459:, p. 182.
3449:
3437:
3420:
3408:
3396:
3384:
3372:
3370:, p. 124.
3360:
3358:, p. 184.
3348:
3336:
3334:, p. 185.
3319:
3304:
3292:
3280:
3268:
3266:, p. 106.
3256:
3244:
3232:
3220:
3208:
3196:
3184:
3172:
3160:
3148:
3136:
3121:
3106:
3094:
3077:
3060:
3048:
3046:, p. 117.
3036:
3024:
3012:
3000:
2988:
2976:
2959:
2944:
2932:
2928:O'Donohue 2019
2920:
2908:
2896:
2894:, p. 165.
2884:
2872:
2860:
2848:
2846:, p. vii.
2836:
2834:, p. 230.
2824:
2812:
2800:
2798:, p. 379.
2785:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2704:
2701:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2552:appear in the
2529:Main article:
2526:
2523:
2495:
2492:
2486:
2483:
2443:
2440:
2435:
2434:Supply options
2432:
2431:
2430:
2424:
2421:Sustainability
2418:
2412:
2406:
2400:
2390:
2387:Responsiveness
2376:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2348:Responsibility
2345:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2321:
2315:
2309:
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2297:
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2043:
2036:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1988:Military terms
1985:
1980:
1974:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1925:
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1918:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
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1861:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1840:
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1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1746:Tripwire force
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
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1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1466:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1268:Administrative
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1195:New generation
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1170:Fleet in being
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1108:Grand strategy
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:Scorched earth
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1008:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
972:Deep operation
969:
964:
957:
952:
946:
941:
940:
937:
936:
933:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
901:
900:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
819:
818:
813:
808:
798:
789:
784:
783:
780:
779:
776:
775:
773:Unconventional
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
721:
719:Disinformation
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
690:
689:
684:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
643:
638:
637:
634:
633:
630:
629:
624:
617:
616:
615:
614:
613:
612:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
570:
569:
568:
567:
566:
565:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
518:
517:
516:
515:
510:
505:
496:
491:
490:
487:
486:
483:
482:
477:
472:
470:Basic training
467:
460:
459:
454:
449:
444:
437:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
399:
398:
396:Reconnaissance
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
361:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
323:
322:
317:
315:Special forces
312:
307:
306:
305:
295:
290:
283:
282:
277:
272:
270:Reconnaissance
267:
262:
257:
252:
245:
244:
235:
230:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
170:
165:
164:
161:
160:
157:
156:
155:
154:
149:
139:
138:
137:
132:
122:
121:
120:
113:Post-classical
110:
105:
99:
94:
93:
90:
89:
81:
80:
62:
61:
36:ISO containers
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4850:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4813:
4808:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4703:(4): 94–101.
4702:
4698:
4697:
4691:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4677:1-59114-883-9
4673:
4669:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4623:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4584:
4579:
4578:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4526:
4522:
4517:
4506:
4502:
4495:
4494:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4459:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4410:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4377:
4373:
4372:10.17226/6402
4369:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4335:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4273:Lynn, John A.
4270:
4259:
4255:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4220:
4216:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4189:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4127:
4122:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4097:
4090:
4089:
4083:
4072:
4068:
4061:
4060:
4054:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4016:
4011:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3991:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3960:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3890:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3799:Black, Jeremy
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3778:
3774:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3689:
3684:
3681:
3677:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3648:
3645:
3642:, p. 17.
3641:
3636:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3621:
3618:, p. 28.
3617:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3602:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3585:
3582:
3570:
3563:
3560:
3557:, p. 24.
3556:
3551:
3548:
3545:, p. 27.
3544:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3524:
3521:
3517:
3512:
3509:
3506:, p. 38.
3505:
3500:
3497:
3494:, p. 22.
3493:
3488:
3485:
3472:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3453:
3450:
3447:, p. 13.
3446:
3441:
3438:
3435:, p. 22.
3434:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3418:, p. 17.
3417:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3376:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3349:
3345:
3340:
3337:
3333:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3272:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3164:
3161:
3158:, p. 11.
3157:
3156:Thompson 1991
3152:
3149:
3146:, p. 26.
3145:
3140:
3137:
3134:, p. 12.
3133:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3058:, p. 35.
3057:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2989:
2986:, p. 32.
2985:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2957:, p. 10.
2956:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2933:
2929:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2828:
2825:
2822:, p. 26.
2821:
2816:
2813:
2810:, p. 25.
2809:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2777:
2774:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2722:
2718:
2709:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2697:effectiveness
2694:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2569:Maurya Empire
2566:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2507:
2506:
2500:
2493:
2491:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2448:
2441:
2439:
2433:
2428:
2427:Survivability
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2415:Attainability
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2133:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2089:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1875:Warrior caste
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1845:Show of force
1843:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1833:Peacebuilding
1831:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:Air supremacy
1687:
1686:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1629:Islamic rules
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1609:Court-martial
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1508:Arms industry
1506:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1481:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1125:Broken-backed
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1103:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
1000:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
967:Expeditionary
965:
963:
962:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
944:
939:
938:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
899:
896:
895:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
838:Counterattack
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
792:
787:
782:
781:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
763:Psychological
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
699:Combined arms
697:
695:
692:
688:
685:
683:
680:
679:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
644:
641:
636:
635:
628:
625:
623:
620:
619:
611:
608:
607:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
576:
573:
572:
564:
561:
560:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
538:Fortification
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
525:
524:
521:
520:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
500:
498:
497:
494:
489:
488:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
462:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
439:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
397:
394:
392:
389:
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384:
382:
379:
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372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
359:
356:
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353:Landing craft
351:
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239:
238:Standing army
236:
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212:
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207:
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200:
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150:
148:
145:
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140:
136:
133:
131:
130:pike and shot
128:
127:
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100:
97:
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63:
59:
58:
51:
45:
41:
37:
32:
19:
4782:
4746:
4742:
4700:
4694:
4667:
4640:
4625:. Retrieved
4613:
4609:
4576:
4547:
4520:
4508:. Retrieved
4492:
4469:(4): 24–33.
4466:
4462:
4450:. Retrieved
4427:. Retrieved
4363:
4333:
4306:
4276:
4263:20 September
4261:. Retrieved
4245:
4241:Lutes, LeRoy
4214:
4187:
4152:
4125:
4113:. Retrieved
4087:
4074:. Retrieved
4058:
4022:
4018:
4002:. Retrieved
3989:
3958:
3941:
3911:
3908:Dyer, Gwynne
3896:. Retrieved
3861:
3833:
3829:
3802:
3772:
3737:
3709:
3705:
3683:
3671:
3659:
3654:, p. 3.
3647:
3635:
3623:
3596:
3591:, p. 5.
3584:
3572:. Retrieved
3562:
3550:
3523:
3511:
3499:
3487:
3475:. Retrieved
3464:
3452:
3445:Rodgers 2020
3440:
3411:
3399:
3387:
3380:Macksey 1989
3375:
3363:
3351:
3344:Creveld 1997
3339:
3300:Macksey 1989
3295:
3288:Creveld 1997
3283:
3271:
3264:Schneid 2005
3259:
3252:Creveld 1997
3247:
3235:
3230:, p. 8.
3223:
3211:
3199:
3187:
3175:
3163:
3151:
3139:
3097:
3051:
3039:
3027:
3015:
3003:
2991:
2979:
2974:, p. 2.
2942:, p. 9.
2935:
2923:
2911:
2899:
2887:
2875:
2863:
2851:
2839:
2827:
2815:
2803:
2783:, p. 8.
2776:
2763:
2738:
2714:
2690:
2673:
2639:
2627:machine guns
2602:
2587:
2578:
2565:Roman Empire
2562:
2546:
2519:
2511:
2504:
2488:
2475:
2465:
2453:
2437:
2426:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2392:
2386:
2377:
2371:
2365:
2359:
2353:
2347:
2341:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2276:
2259:
2248:
2225:
2218:
2213:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2164:
2158:
2153:
2113:
2093:
2058:
2057:
1958:Fifth column
1938:War resister
1933:Women in war
1828:Peacekeeping
1773:Arms control
1718:
1485:
1407:Mobilization
1402:Conscription
1360:Intelligence
1313:Organization
959:
888:Encirclement
768:Radiological
704:Conventional
558:Subterranean
465:Development:
464:
441:
403:
365:
328:Naval units:
327:
320:Signal corps
287:
265:Intelligence
250:Specialties:
249:
174:Organization
125:Early modern
4452:28 November
3528:Zionts 1979
3492:Eccles 1959
3392:Huston 1966
3168:Engels 1980
2916:Huston 1966
2904:Huston 1989
2880:Tuttle 2005
2832:Farrow 1895
2403:Flexibility
2360:Information
2324:Flexibility
2318:Feasibility
2282:Equivalence
2204:LeRoy Lutes
2067:acquisition
1943:War studies
1766:Non-warfare
1694:Appeasement
1659:Martial law
1498:War economy
1437:Transgender
1390:Recruitment
1150:Containment
1035:Culminating
943:Operational
863:Envelopment
806:Air assault
687:Air cavalry
647:Air defence
627:Information
528:Cold-region
493:Battlespace
442:Historical:
288:Land units:
214:Space force
209:Coast guard
142:Late modern
103:Prehistoric
4822:Categories
4696:Interfaces
4539:1174350216
4510:4 February
4352:1048403676
4295:1303906366
4019:Parameters
3950:1359005219
3821:1246284038
3764:1260343133
3697:References
3688:Kress 2002
3628:Risch 1953
3616:Kress 2002
3543:Kress 2002
3504:Kress 2002
3457:Black 2021
3416:Kress 2002
3368:Black 2021
3228:Black 2021
3192:Black 2021
3117:Kress 2002
3090:Black 2021
3073:Kress 2002
3044:Black 2021
3008:Black 2021
2996:Black 2021
2972:Black 2021
2955:Kress 2002
2940:Kress 2002
2892:Black 2021
2844:Lutes 1993
2820:Rider 1970
2808:Rider 1970
2693:efficiency
2610:Steamships
2471:purchasing
2397:fog of war
2393:Simplicity
2372:Simplicity
2342:Timeliness
2336:Continuity
2330:Relativity
2306:Dispersion
2265:Principles
2177:West Point
2145:logistique
2103:logisticus
2097:logistikos
2003:War crimes
1993:Operations
1900:Foot drill
1870:Battle cry
1783:deterrence
1442:Harassment
1417:Specialism
1240:Technology
1235:Succession
1180:Liberation
1115:Asymmetric
1050:Empty fort
961:Blitzkrieg
930:Withdrawal
893:Investment
672:Camouflage
667:Biological
605:Underwater
580:Amphibious
499:Aerospace
366:Air units:
343:Submarines
152:fourth-gen
147:industrial
135:napoleonic
4771:153624638
4763:1475-1798
4717:0092-2102
4659:260185060
4622:1330-3651
4505:874758866
4475:0028-1484
4423:935689248
4258:847595465
4243:(1993) .
4233:936710657
4206:669756100
4179:851814371
4144:884961918
4049:221374315
4041:0031-1723
3999:993066046
3880:318940605
3860:(1997) .
3842:0195-1920
3718:0195-1920
3712:(3): 24.
3477:15 August
3356:Lynn 1993
3332:Lynn 1993
3315:Lynn 1993
3276:Lynn 1993
3204:Roth 1999
3144:Dyer 1985
3132:Dyer 1985
3102:Lynn 1993
3056:Lynn 1993
3032:Lynn 1993
3020:Lynn 1993
2984:Lynn 1993
2856:NATO 2013
2574:Feudalism
2549:Neolithic
2503:USS
2251:logistics
2132:Louis XIV
1890:War novel
1793:Grey-zone
1753:War games
1714:Overmatch
1664:War crime
1614:Desertion
1604:Ceasefire
1599:Armistice
1486:Logistics
1464:Mercenary
1452:Volunteer
1383:Personnel
1355:Engineers
1300:Sociology
1255:World war
1250:Total war
1230:Strategic
1220:Religious
1205:Political
1200:Perpetual
1175:Irregular
1090:Offensive
1065:Defensive
1060:Deception
1020:Attrition
873:Guerrilla
868:Formation
811:Airbridge
743:Loitering
657:Artillery
310:Artillery
260:Engineers
228:Irregular
199:Air force
4838:Military
4781:(1917).
4725:25059779
4686:57637742
4639:(1991).
4597:57134421
4566:39778767
4483:44641172
4425:. AAP-06
4400:(2013).
4390:41228012
4362:(1999).
4325:19589142
4305:(1989).
4110:18523064
3987:(1895).
3977:12425877
3940:(1959).
3930:13096168
3910:(1985).
3850:43962131
3801:(2021).
3791:34473511
3726:24910994
2728:and the
2650:the Hump
2614:Railways
2589:Napoleon
2554:Iron Age
2456:Foraging
2300:Mobility
2167:(1895),
2071:materiel
1905:War song
1880:War film
1513:Materiel
1432:Children
1412:Training
1350:Medicine
1335:Doctrine
1290:Training
1225:Resource
1210:Princely
1160:Economic
1145:Conquest
1140:Colonial
1135:Cold war
1120:Blockade
1005:Strategy
977:Maneuver
738:Infantry
694:Chemical
548:Mountain
508:Airborne
371:Fighters
338:Warships
293:Infantry
219:Reserves
167:Military
4791:6109722
3898:20 June
3830:Phalanx
3706:Phalanx
3574:19 June
2680:forces.
2606:Canning
2525:History
2467:Looting
2409:Economy
2366:Quality
2312:Economy
2185:logista
2173:tactics
2018:Writers
2013:Weapons
1978:Battles
1927:Related
1915:Wargame
1910:Uniform
1858:Culture
1639:Perfidy
1634:Justice
1555:Science
1540:Outpost
1493:History
1473:Warrior
1469:Soldier
1457:foreign
1395:counter
1295:Service
1245:Theater
1185:Limited
1165:Endemic
1080:Nuclear
853:Foxhole
828:Cavalry
816:Airdrop
801:Airlift
786:Tactics
758:Nuclear
748:Missile
677:Cavalry
662:Barrage
640:Weapons
600:Surface
381:Command
376:Bombers
333:Frogman
303:Cavalry
275:Medical
242:Militia
224:Regular
204:Marines
118:castles
108:Ancient
96:History
75:outline
42:with a
38:from a
4789:
4769:
4761:
4723:
4715:
4684:
4674:
4657:
4647:
4627:2 June
4620:
4595:
4585:
4564:
4554:
4537:
4527:
4503:
4481:
4473:
4429:29 May
4421:
4411:
4388:
4378:
4350:
4340:
4323:
4313:
4293:
4283:
4256:
4231:
4221:
4204:
4194:
4177:
4167:
4142:
4132:
4115:2 June
4108:
4098:
4076:2 June
4071:573210
4069:
4047:
4039:
4004:29 May
3997:
3975:
3965:
3948:
3928:
3918:
3878:
3868:
3848:
3840:
3819:
3809:
3789:
3779:
3762:
3752:
3724:
3716:
2670:Levels
2665:Models
2582:Sieges
2505:Mustin
2460:fodder
1998:Sieges
1682:Theory
1422:Morale
1280:Policy
1275:Branch
1055:Mosaic
1045:Fabian
992:Covert
925:Trench
910:Screen
833:Charge
823:Battle
796:Aerial
714:Denial
682:Horses
610:Seabed
563:Tunnel
543:Jungle
533:Desert
503:Aerial
4767:S2CID
4721:JSTOR
4497:(PDF)
4479:JSTOR
4446:(PDF)
4405:(PDF)
4250:(PDF)
4092:(PDF)
4063:(PDF)
4045:S2CID
4025:(3).
3892:(PDF)
3846:JSTOR
3722:JSTOR
2769:Notes
2195:. In
2163:. In
2126:loger
2119:logio
2109:logos
1971:Lists
1427:Women
1365:Ranks
1285:Staff
1215:Proxy
1130:Class
1085:Naval
1070:Depth
905:Swarm
898:Siege
878:Naval
858:Drone
753:Music
728:Robot
724:Drone
709:Cyber
652:Armor
622:Cyber
595:Green
590:Brown
553:Urban
513:Space
434:Radar
429:Sonar
298:Armor
255:Staff
233:Ranks
4787:OCLC
4759:ISSN
4713:ISSN
4682:OCLC
4672:ISBN
4655:OCLC
4645:ISBN
4629:2023
4618:ISSN
4593:OCLC
4583:ISBN
4562:OCLC
4552:ISBN
4535:OCLC
4525:ISBN
4512:2021
4501:OCLC
4471:ISSN
4454:2022
4431:2022
4419:OCLC
4409:ISBN
4398:NATO
4386:OCLC
4376:ISBN
4348:OCLC
4338:ISBN
4321:OCLC
4311:ISBN
4291:OCLC
4281:ISBN
4265:2021
4254:OCLC
4229:OCLC
4219:ISBN
4202:OCLC
4192:ISBN
4175:OCLC
4165:ISBN
4140:OCLC
4130:ISBN
4117:2023
4106:OCLC
4096:ISBN
4078:2023
4067:OCLC
4037:ISSN
4006:2022
3995:OCLC
3973:OCLC
3963:ISBN
3946:OCLC
3926:OCLC
3916:ISBN
3900:2024
3876:OCLC
3866:ISBN
3838:ISSN
3817:OCLC
3807:ISBN
3787:OCLC
3777:ISBN
3760:OCLC
3750:ISBN
3714:ISSN
3576:2024
3479:2023
2757:are
2629:and
2567:and
2563:The
2513:the
2220:NATO
2114:log-
2008:Wars
1525:Base
1075:Goal
987:Raid
585:Blue
523:Land
194:Navy
189:Army
4751:doi
4705:doi
4368:doi
4157:doi
4027:doi
3912:War
3742:doi
2175:at
1592:Law
1535:FOB
1530:MOB
575:Sea
67:War
4824::
4765:.
4757:.
4747:22
4745:.
4719:.
4711:.
4699:.
4680:.
4653:.
4614:18
4612:.
4608:.
4591:.
4560:.
4533:.
4477:.
4467:23
4465:.
4417:.
4384:.
4374:.
4346:.
4319:.
4289:.
4227:.
4200:.
4173:.
4163:.
4138:.
4104:.
4043:.
4035:.
4023:27
4021:.
4017:.
3971:.
3924:.
3874:.
3844:.
3834:29
3832:.
3815:.
3785:.
3758:.
3748:.
3720:.
3710:44
3708:.
3608:^
3535:^
3423:^
3322:^
3307:^
3124:^
3109:^
3080:^
3063:^
2962:^
2947:^
2788:^
2637:.
2625:,
2199:,
1471:/
726:/
240:/
226:/
4793:.
4773:.
4753::
4727:.
4707::
4701:9
4688:.
4661:.
4631:.
4599:.
4568:.
4541:.
4514:.
4485:.
4456:.
4433:.
4392:.
4370::
4354:.
4327:.
4297:.
4267:.
4235:.
4208:.
4181:.
4159::
4146:.
4119:.
4080:.
4051:.
4029::
4008:.
3979:.
3952:.
3932:.
3902:.
3882:.
3852:.
3823:.
3793:.
3766:.
3744::
3728:.
3578:.
3481:.
2073:.
2047:e
2040:t
2033:v
77:)
73:(
20:)
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