740:. RFC 1233 in 1989 noted that the signs of the offsets were specified as opposite the common convention (e.g. A=UTC−1 instead of A=UTC+1), and the use of military time zones in emails was deprecated in RFC 2822 in 2001. It is recommended to ignore such designations and treat all such time designations as UTC unless out-of-band information is present.
692:
The letter "J" ("Juliet"), originally skipped, may be used to indicate the observer's local time. The letter 'L' was previously misidentified in some editions of U.S. Army publications, such as FM 5-0, as representing 'Local' time, which conflicted with its established use for the Lima time zone
85:
The numeric zone description or "plus and minus system" indicates the correction which must be applied to the time as expressed in order to convert to UTC. For example, the zone description for the Romeo time zone is +5. Therefore, adding 5 hours to 0600R produces the time in UTC, 1100Z.
728:
as a note in 1950. The note states "This method is based on the systems in use in the Armed Forces of these countries and the United States". The
British used a system of lettered zones, which was likely the direct influence.
693:(UTC+11). This error has been rectified in the latest edition of FM 5-0, released in May 2022, which no longer includes this incorrect usage. "LT" may also (rarely) be used to denote local time.
47:
of
Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, publishes the military time zone system as the ACP 121 standard. The armed forces of Austria and many nations in
39:
military time zone. The military time zone system ensures clear communication in a concise manner, and avoids confusion when coordinating across time zones. The
1204:
855:
40:
959:
710:(GMT) as the base time standard, but UTC has superseded GMT as a more precise time standard, so the time offsets are commonly understood as UTC.
1057:
915:
1093:
859:
721:
devised a system assigning the letters A–Y excluding J to 1-hour time zones, which may have been the inspiration for the system.
891:
1700:
1695:
1197:
696:
The letter "N" is also used to designate zone −13; this is to provide for a ship in zone −12 keeping
Daylight Saving Time.
1742:
1680:
1020:
1079:
1213:
700:
32:
1190:
1066:
To this day, if you look at certain maps that divide the world into time zones, the zones are assigned letters,
1716:
1391:
1317:
68:
63:
at
Greenwich, letters "Alfa" to "Mike" (skipping "J", see below) represent the 12 time zones with positive
777:
28:
1163:
1231:
790:
925:
Express all times in a plan or order in terms of one time zone, for example ZULU (Z) or LOCAL (L). I
1737:
1685:
1672:
754:
749:
707:
71:. Going west from Greenwich, letters "November" to "Yankee" represent zones with negative offsets.
1615:
1507:
1395:
1313:
1251:
1001:
811:
1380:
1176:
993:
718:
1121:
923:, Headquarters Department of the Army, United States Army, 20 January 2005, p. G11,
1136:
1611:
1511:
1247:
60:
1373:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1325:
1303:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1259:
866:
661:
638:
615:
592:
569:
546:
523:
500:
477:
454:
431:
405:
79:
1731:
1227:
1005:
75:
1182:
776:
The official spelling is "Alfa", although this is often "corrected" to Alpha - see
44:
1664:
1151:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1600:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1567:
1561:
1554:
1548:
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1535:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1435:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1409:
1403:
1223:
794:
684:
408:
382:
359:
336:
313:
290:
267:
244:
221:
198:
175:
152:
129:
64:
819:
815:
1657:
997:
24:
27:
for expressing time across different regions of the world, named after the
951:
972:'LT A120 T1540' = 'Your bearing from me is 120° at (local time) 1540'.
1038:
823:
984:
Morris, Doug (May 2008). "Time for the
Weather: Translating Zulu".
732:
RFC 733 published in 1977 allowed using military time zones in the
798:
737:
917:
Army
Planning and Orders Production, Field Manual 5-0 (FM 101-5)
725:
48:
1186:
1080:
SG 037: Method of expressing date and time in military messages
940:. Headquarters, Department of the Army. May 2022. pp. D-6.
1137:"Requirements for Internet Hosts - Application and Support"
892:"ATP 6-02.70 Techniques for Spectrum Management Operations"
82:
is written "0600R" and spoken "zero six hundred Romeo".
1122:"Standard for the format of ARPA network text messages"
1021:"Zulu and UTC: the story behind aviation's time zone"
865:(Report). pp. 3A-1–3A-8. Archived from
1709:
1671:
1656:
1610:
1506:
1390:
1312:
1246:
1221:
74:The letters are typically used in conjunction with
1124:. Internet Engineering Task Force. November 1977.
1078:Principal Staff Officers Committee (1950-06-15).
860:ACP 121(I), COMMUNICATION INSTRUCTIONS – GENERAL
1094:"Time Zones for Earhart Radio Message Database"
1198:
8:
1243:
1205:
1191:
1183:
772:
770:
88:
31:. The Zulu time zone (Z) is equivalent to
1058:"Sandford Fleming Sets the World's Clock"
856:Combined Communications-Electronics Board
850:
848:
846:
844:
706:The ACP 121 standard actually refers to
1056:Stromberg, Joseph (November 18, 2011).
960:National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
840:
766:
938:FM 5-0: Planning and Orders Production
724:The standard was first distributed by
78:. For example, 6:00 a.m. in zone
914:"Plans and Orders: Expressing Time",
778:NATO phonetic alphabet § History
7:
1019:Leigh, Gabriel (17 November 2020).
23:are a standardized, uniform set of
1154:. Internet Engineering Task Force.
1139:. Internet Engineering Task Force.
1135:Braden, Robert T. (October 1989).
699:The letter "Z" ("Zulu") indicates
35:(UTC) and is often referred to as
14:
1238:Italics: historical or unofficial
1179:discussion on the tz mailing list
1701:Daylight saving time by country
1164:Military/NATO/Letter time zones
1101:Finding Amelia Resource Library
1082:(Report). NATO Archives Online.
952:"International Code of Signals"
1150:Resnick, Pete (1 April 2001).
1:
956:Maritime Safety Information
1759:
1214:Coordinated Universal Time
701:Coordinated Universal Time
33:Coordinated Universal Time
1152:"Internet Message Format"
822:), the time zone used in
797:), the time zone used in
1686:Time zones by UTC offset
810:Not to be confused with
789:Not to be confused with
1717:Abolition of time zones
1696:Time zone abbreviations
998:10.3200/WEWI.61.3.32-35
69:international Date Line
29:NATO phonetic alphabet
1681:Time zones by country
1177:"Military" time zones
1039:"Military Time Zones"
1743:Military terminology
1232:Daylight saving time
1062:Smithsonian Magazine
791:Indian Standard Time
59:Going east from the
1673:Lists of time zones
755:Time zone abolition
750:Lists of time zones
708:Greenwich Mean Time
625:157.5 W to 172.5 W
602:142.5 W to 157.5 W
579:127.5 W to 142.5 W
556:112.5 W to 127.5 W
389:November Time Zone
346:157.5 E to 172.5 E
323:142.5 E to 157.5 E
300:127.5 E to 142.5 E
277:112.5 E to 127.5 E
67:until reaching the
43:, representing the
21:military time zones
1691:Military time zone
1045:. 31 October 2022.
1025:Flightradar24 Blog
599:Whiskey Time Zone
553:Uniform Time Zone
533:97.5 W to 112.5 W
254:97.5 E to 112.5 E
228:Foxtrot Time Zone
159:Charlie Time Zone
16:Group of Timezones
1725:
1724:
1652:
1651:
812:Eastern Time Zone
690:
689:
645:Yankee Time Zone
576:Victor Time Zone
510:82.5 W to 97.5 W
507:Sierra Time Zone
487:67.5 W to 82.5 W
464:52.5 W to 67.5 W
461:Quebec Time Zone
441:37.5 W to 52.5 W
418:22.5 W to 37.5 W
231:82.5 E to 97.5 E
208:67.5 E to 82.5 E
185:52.5 E to 67.5 E
162:37.5 E to 52.5 E
139:22.5 E to 37.5 E
95:Degrees longitude
1750:
1244:
1240:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1184:
1156:
1155:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1098:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1016:
1010:
1009:
981:
975:
974:
969:
967:
948:
942:
941:
934:
928:
927:
922:
911:
905:
904:
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901:
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882:
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864:
852:
827:
808:
802:
787:
781:
774:
735:
719:Sandford Fleming
678:
677:
655:
654:
632:
631:
622:X-ray Time Zone
609:
608:
586:
585:
563:
562:
540:
539:
530:Tango Time Zone
517:
516:
494:
493:
484:Romeo Time Zone
471:
470:
448:
447:
425:
424:
415:Oscar Time Zone
399:
398:
392:7.5 W to 22.5 W
376:
375:
353:
352:
330:
329:
307:
306:
297:India Time Zone
284:
283:
274:Hotel Time Zone
261:
260:
238:
237:
215:
214:
192:
191:
182:Delta Time Zone
169:
168:
146:
145:
136:Bravo Time Zone
123:
122:
116:7.5 E to 22.5 E
89:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1705:
1667:
1648:
1606:
1502:
1386:
1308:
1236:
1235:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1173:
1168:
1160:
1159:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1115:
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1103:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1018:
1017:
1013:
983:
982:
978:
965:
963:
950:
949:
945:
936:
935:
931:
920:
913:
912:
908:
899:
897:
894:
890:
889:
885:
875:
873:
869:
862:
854:
853:
842:
836:
831:
830:
809:
805:
788:
784:
775:
768:
763:
746:
733:
716:
675:
674:
671:7.5 W to 7.5 E
668:Zulu Time Zone
652:
651:
648:172.5 W to 180
629:
628:
606:
605:
583:
582:
560:
559:
537:
536:
514:
513:
491:
490:
468:
467:
445:
444:
438:Papa Time Zone
422:
421:
396:
395:
373:
372:
369:172.5 E to 180
366:Mike Time Zone
350:
349:
343:Lima Time Zone
327:
326:
320:Kilo Time Zone
304:
303:
281:
280:
258:
257:
251:Golf Time Zone
235:
234:
212:
211:
205:Echo Time Zone
189:
188:
166:
165:
143:
142:
120:
119:
113:Alfa Time Zone
104:
99:
57:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1756:
1754:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1730:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1711:
1710:Related topics
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1171:External links
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872:on May 8, 2016
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1228:standard time
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1043:Veteran.com
986:Weatherwise
105:description
98:Designation
65:UTC offsets
55:Description
1738:Time zones
1732:Categories
1224:UTC offset
900:2020-07-21
834:References
402:+1 or −13
25:time zones
1658:Time zone
1381:−00:25:21
1006:194035906
795:UTC+05:30
736:field of
685:UTC+00:00
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199:UTC+04:00
176:UTC+03:00
153:UTC+02:00
130:UTC+01:00
744:See also
51:use it.
714:History
703:(UTC).
108:Offset
1644:+14:00
1639:+13:45
1634:+13:00
1629:+12:45
1624:+12:00
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1595:+11:00
1590:+10:30
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1410:+00:20
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1265:−11:00
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1106:2 June
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966:6 July
962:. 2020
876:Aug 8,
824:Quebec
738:emails
100:letter
1234:(DST)
1216:(UTC)
1097:(PDF)
1002:S2CID
921:(PDF)
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870:(PDF)
863:(PDF)
820:UTC−4
816:UTC−5
799:India
761:Notes
734:Date:
80:UTC−5
1616:90°W
1612:180°
1512:180°
1508:90°E
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1250:to
1248:180°
1230:and
1226:for
1108:2023
968:2024
878:2011
726:NATO
658:+12
635:+11
612:+10
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103:Zone
49:NATO
41:CCEB
19:The
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994:doi
589:+9
566:+8
543:+7
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