31:
139:
217:
an alternative to the army. Training was for 56 days on enlistment, then the recruits would return to civilian life but report for 21–28 days training per year. The full army pay during training and a financial retainer thereafter made a useful addition to the men's civilian wage. Of course, many saw the annual camp as the equivalent of a paid holiday. The militia thus appealed to agricultural labourers, colliers and the like, men in
369:, an unheard of concept in peacetime. It was thought that calling the conscripts 'militiamen' would make this more acceptable, as it would render them distinct from the rest of the army. Only single men aged 20–22 were to be conscripted (given a free suit of civilian clothes as well as a uniform), and after six months full-time training would be discharged into the reserve. The first intake was called up, but the
221:, who could leave their civilian job and pick it up again. The militia was also a significant source of recruits for the Regular Army, where men had received a taste of army life. An officer's commission in the militia was often a 'back door' route to a Regular Army commission for young men who could not obtain one through purchase or gain entry to
302:
292:
Cavalry, they were considered rather plebeian. Volunteer units appealed to better-off recruits as, unlike the
Militia which engaged a recruit for a term of service, a volunteer could quit his corps with fourteen days notice, except while embodied for war or training with the regular forces. Volunteer
216:
c. 50), enacted during a period of international tension. As before, units were raised and administered on a county basis, and filled by voluntary enlistment (although conscription by means of the militia ballot might be used if the counties failed to meet their quotas). It was intended to be seen as
280:
in 1881, the remaining militia infantry regiments were redesignated as numbered battalions of regiments of the line, ranking after the two regular battalions. Typically, an
English, Welsh or Scottish regiment would have two militia battalions (the 3rd and 4th) and Irish regiments three (numbered 3rd
331:
In contrast with the soldier serving in the militia, those who served under
Special Reserve terms of service had an obligation to serve overseas, as stipulated in paragraph 54. The standards of medical fitness were lower than for recruits to the regular infantry. The possibility of enlisting in the
96:
By 1813 the
British Army was experiencing a shortage of manpower to maintain their battalions at full strength. Some consideration was given to recruiting foreign nationals; however, on 4 November 1813 a bill was introduced to Parliament to allow Militia volunteers to serve in Europe. In the event
327:
in the reforming post 1906 Liberal government. In 1908 the militia infantry battalions were redesignated as "reserve" and a number were amalgamated or disbanded. Altogether, 101 infantry battalions, 33 artillery regiments and two engineer regiments of special reservists were formed.
116:. Whilst muster rolls were still prepared during the 1820s, the element of compulsion was abandoned. For example, the City Of York Militia & Muster Rolls run to 1829. They used a pre-printed form with a printer's date of Sept 1828.
30:
338:
Upon mobilisation, the special reserve units would be formed at the depot and continue training while guarding vulnerable points in
Britain. The special reserve units remained in Britain throughout the
346:
The
Special Reserve reverted to its militia designation in 1921, then to Supplementary Reserve in 1924, though the units were effectively placed in "suspended animation" until disbanded in 1953.
247:
1218:
851:
725:
681:
836:
98:
991:
335:
A further contrast was the replacement of several weeks of preliminary training with six months of full time training upon enlisting in the
Special Reserve.
332:
army under
Regular terms of service were facilitated under paragraph 38, one precondition was that the recruit 'fulfils the necessary physical requirements.'
324:
284:
The militia must not be confused with the volunteer units created in a wave of enthusiasm in the second half of the nineteenth century. In contrast with the
1223:
50:
343:, but their rank and file did not, since the object of the special reserve was to supply drafts of replacements for the overseas units of the regiment.
1254:
1106:
1036:
320:
254:
for active service. Some of these units were converted from existing infantry militia regiments, others were newly raised. In 1877 the militia of
74:
1339:
151:
106:
1289:
1197:
652:
590:
394:
189:
34:
1334:
1264:
390:
259:
785:
711:
831:
775:
671:
633:
494:
1259:
795:
222:
143:
846:
285:
112:
After the
Napoleonic Wars, the Militia fell into disuse, although regimental colonels and adjutants continued to appear in the
1046:
810:
718:
530:
Units of the
Militia to be transferred to the Special Reserve, published as schedule to order in council made April 9, 1908,
1233:
1091:
887:
386:
1279:
986:
917:
912:
897:
872:
815:
416:
1016:
760:
362:
274:
228:
Under the act, Militia units could be embodied by Royal Proclamation for full-time service in three circumstances:
922:
805:
790:
316:
1176:
1006:
892:
800:
770:
755:
685:
1304:
1161:
1111:
1051:
765:
734:
1299:
1213:
1192:
1166:
1121:
1086:
1011:
1001:
996:
780:
293:
Corps required recruits to fund their own equipment, however, effectively barring those with low incomes.
46:
1269:
1141:
1061:
949:
1076:
1021:
976:
373:
was declared soon afterwards, and the militiamen lost their identity in the rapidly expanding army.
1284:
1274:
1126:
1116:
1101:
1056:
902:
358:
1071:
1041:
1294:
1228:
1171:
1081:
981:
907:
882:
841:
667:
648:
629:
586:
490:
62:
17:
1136:
867:
270:
213:
156:
1309:
1146:
1131:
1096:
877:
406:
340:
310:
263:
251:
70:
1156:
1151:
1031:
1328:
1249:
1026:
355:
277:
218:
58:
54:
611:
1066:
382:
370:
366:
169:
78:
27:
Principle military reserve force of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
583:
Sickness, Suffering, and the Sword: The British Regiment on Campaign, 1808–1815
250:
units whose role was to man coastal defences and fortifications, relieving the
703:
698:
Scanned images of the pages of this War Office publication costing two pence
411:
232:'Whenever a state of war exists between Her Majesty and any foreign power'.
354:
The term militiaman was briefly revived in 1939. In the aftermath of the
289:
255:
243:
102:
66:
97:
only three battalions were raised, and these were sent to serve under
184:
626:
The Militia Artillery 1852–1909 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
301:
684:. War Office - Special Army Order. 23 December 1907. Archived from
53:. Militia units were repeatedly raised in Great Britain during the
300:
29:
459:
305:
Recruitment poster for the Regular Army and the Special Reserve.
707:
487:
Scarlet into Khaki: The British Army on the Eve of the Boer War
570:
543:
485:
Lt-Col James Moncrieff Grierson (Col Peter S. Walton, ed.),
612:"British Line Infantry Reserves for the Great War - Part 1"
235:'In all cases of invasion or upon imminent danger thereof'.
395:
Jersey Field Squadron (The Royal Militia Island of Jersey)
381:
Two units still maintain their militia designation in the
469:
467:
554:
552:
645:
Records of the Militia & Volunteer Forces 1757-1945
489:, London: Sampson Low, 1899/London: Greenhill, 1988,
93:
was created in 1808 before being disbanded in 1816.
1242:
1206:
1185:
969:
962:
942:
935:
860:
824:
748:
741:
195:
183:
178:
168:
163:
150:
124:
77:, which integrated all militia formations into the
610:
585:. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press.
69:. The British Militia was transformed into the
719:
602:The development of the British Army 1899–1914
8:
619:(100). The Western Front Association: 23–27.
238:'In all cases of rebellion or insurrection'.
51:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
966:
939:
745:
726:
712:
704:
518:
121:
365:, wished to introduce a limited form of
242:Until 1852 the militia were an entirely
558:
446:
434:
427:
75:Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907
506:
473:
65:duties and to defend against external
315:The militia was transformed into the
190:Territorial Army and Militia Act 1921
35:George Rice-Trevor, 4th Baron Dynevor
7:
458:Explore York Libraries and Archives
571:Scheme for the Special Reserve 1907
544:Scheme for the Special Reserve 1907
391:Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers
246:force, but the 1852 Act introduced
101:. On 12 April 1814 they arrived in
696:– via Army Service Numbers.
105:, where they were attached to the
25:
682:"Scheme for the Special Reserve"
624:Litchfield, Norman E.H. (1987).
144:Parliament of the United Kingdom
137:
204:The Militia was revived by the
664:The Army and Society 1815–1914
628:. Nottingham: Sherwood Press.
460:https://www.exploreyork.org.uk
1:
1340:Militia of the United Kingdom
647:. Crawley: PRO Publications.
18:Militia of the United Kingdom
609:Langley, David (June 2014).
1335:History of the British Army
1356:
662:Spiers, Edward M. (1980).
363:Secretary of State for War
308:
275:Secretary of State for War
119:United Kingdom legislation
735:British Militia Regiments
643:Spencer, William (1997).
393:(formed in 1539) and the
136:
131:
600:Dunlop, John K. (1938).
581:Bamford, Andrew (2013).
1234:Forfar & Kincardine
847:Forfar & Kincardine
306:
47:military reserve force
38:
304:
89:A separate voluntary
33:
666:. London: Longmans.
37:in a militia uniform
359:Leslie Hore-Belisha
297:The Special Reserve
688:on 5 December 2023
604:. London: Methuen.
532:The London Gazette
397:(formed in 1337).
307:
288:, and the similar
262:were converted to
219:casual occupations
85:Nineteenth century
45:was the principal
39:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1214:Argyll & Bute
970:England and Wales
958:
957:
943:England and Wales
931:
930:
832:Argyll & Bute
749:England and Wales
654:978-1-87-316244-6
592:978-0-80-618932-1
248:Militia Artillery
214:15 & 16 Vict.
202:
201:
179:Other legislation
157:15 & 16 Vict.
132:Act of Parliament
63:internal security
16:(Redirected from
1347:
967:
940:
903:Londonderry (II)
746:
728:
721:
714:
705:
700:
695:
693:
677:
658:
639:
620:
614:
605:
596:
574:
568:
562:
556:
547:
541:
535:
534:, April 10, 1908
528:
522:
516:
510:
509:, p. 91–92.
504:
498:
483:
477:
476:, p. 42-45.
471:
462:
456:
450:
444:
438:
432:
389:. These are the
377:Modern survivals
371:Second World War
321:military reforms
210:
209:
208:Militia Act 1852
197:Status: Repealed
141:
140:
127:
126:Militia Act 1852
122:
21:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1314:
1238:
1202:
1186:Channel Islands
1181:
1112:Nottinghamshire
1092:Montgomeryshire
1057:North Hampshire
1052:Gloucestershire
1012:Caernarvonshire
1007:Carmarthenshire
992:Buckinghamshire
954:
927:
898:Londonderry (I)
856:
820:
737:
732:
691:
689:
680:
674:
661:
655:
642:
636:
623:
608:
599:
593:
580:
577:
569:
565:
557:
550:
542:
538:
529:
525:
519:Litchfield 1987
517:
513:
505:
501:
484:
480:
472:
465:
457:
453:
445:
441:
433:
429:
425:
407:Lord-lieutenant
403:
379:
352:
341:First World War
317:Special Reserve
313:
311:Special Reserve
299:
286:Volunteer Force
264:Royal Engineers
252:Royal Artillery
207:
206:
198:
146:
138:
125:
120:
87:
71:Special Reserve
43:British Militia
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1353:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1327:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1290:Queen's County
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1167:Worcestershire
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1107:Northumberland
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1087:Merionethshire
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
997:Cambridgeshire
994:
989:
987:Brecknockshire
984:
979:
973:
971:
964:
960:
959:
956:
955:
953:
952:
946:
944:
937:
933:
932:
929:
928:
926:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
864:
862:
858:
857:
855:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
828:
826:
822:
821:
819:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
796:Northumberland
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
752:
750:
743:
739:
738:
733:
731:
730:
723:
716:
708:
702:
701:
678:
672:
659:
653:
640:
634:
621:
606:
597:
591:
576:
575:
563:
548:
536:
523:
521:, p. 1–7.
511:
499:
478:
463:
451:
439:
426:
424:
421:
420:
419:
414:
409:
402:
399:
378:
375:
351:
350:The Militiamen
348:
309:Main article:
298:
295:
273:introduced by
240:
239:
236:
233:
200:
199:
196:
193:
192:
187:
181:
180:
176:
175:
172:
166:
165:
161:
160:
154:
148:
147:
142:
134:
133:
129:
128:
118:
86:
83:
59:Edwardian eras
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1352:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1265:King's County
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:Staffordshire
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1122:Pembrokeshire
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1062:Hertfordshire
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1002:Cardiganshire
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
974:
972:
968:
965:
961:
951:
950:Monmouthshire
948:
947:
945:
941:
938:
934:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
863:
859:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
829:
827:
823:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
753:
751:
747:
744:
740:
736:
729:
724:
722:
717:
715:
710:
709:
706:
699:
687:
683:
679:
675:
673:0-582-48565-7
669:
665:
660:
656:
650:
646:
641:
637:
635:0-9508205-1-2
631:
627:
622:
618:
613:
607:
603:
598:
594:
588:
584:
579:
578:
572:
567:
564:
561:, p. 25.
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
537:
533:
527:
524:
520:
515:
512:
508:
503:
500:
496:
495:0-947898-81-6
492:
488:
482:
479:
475:
470:
468:
464:
461:
455:
452:
448:
443:
440:
437:, p. 23.
436:
431:
428:
422:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
404:
400:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
376:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
357:
356:Munich Crisis
349:
347:
344:
342:
336:
333:
329:
326:
322:
318:
312:
303:
296:
294:
291:
287:
282:
279:
278:Hugh Childers
276:
272:
267:
265:
261:
260:Monmouthshire
257:
253:
249:
245:
237:
234:
231:
230:
229:
226:
224:
220:
215:
211:
194:
191:
188:
186:
182:
177:
173:
171:
167:
162:
158:
155:
153:
149:
145:
135:
130:
123:
117:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
94:
92:
91:Local Militia
84:
82:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
36:
32:
19:
1219:Berwickshire
1022:Denbighshire
977:Bedfordshire
697:
690:. Retrieved
686:the original
663:
644:
625:
616:
601:
582:
566:
559:Langley 2014
546:, p. 11
539:
531:
526:
514:
502:
486:
481:
454:
447:Bamford 2013
442:
435:Spencer 1997
430:
387:Army Reserve
383:British Army
380:
367:conscription
353:
345:
337:
334:
330:
314:
283:
268:
241:
227:
205:
203:
174:30 June 1852
170:Royal assent
113:
111:
107:7th Division
95:
90:
88:
79:British Army
42:
40:
1275:Londonderry
1127:Radnorshire
1117:Oxfordshire
1102:Northampton
573:, p. 9
507:Spiers 1980
497:, pp. 27–8.
474:Dunlop 1938
185:Repealed by
99:Henry Bayly
1329:Categories
1177:North York
1072:Lancashire
1042:Flintshire
918:Mid-Ulster
852:Haddington
786:Lancashire
761:Carmarthen
423:References
417:Home Guard
269:Under the
73:under the
1305:Westmeath
1295:Tipperary
1260:Fermanagh
1224:Edinburgh
1172:East York
1162:Wiltshire
1082:Middlesex
1047:Glamorgan
982:Berkshire
936:Engineers
908:Tipperary
837:Edinburgh
816:Yorkshire
776:Glamorgan
742:Artillery
617:Stand To!
412:Fencibles
385:, in the
223:Sandhurst
114:Army List
67:invasions
55:Victorian
1280:Longford
1207:Scotland
1193:Guernsey
1137:Somerset
1017:Cheshire
963:Infantry
825:Scotland
801:Pembroke
756:Cardigan
401:See also
290:Yeomanry
281:– 5th).
256:Anglesey
244:infantry
152:Citation
103:Bordeaux
1310:Wicklow
1270:Leitrim
1255:Donegal
1243:Ireland
1147:Suffolk
1132:Rutland
1097:Norfolk
923:Wicklow
883:Donegal
861:Ireland
806:Suffolk
791:Norfolk
325:Haldane
319:by the
271:reforms
49:of the
1300:Tyrone
1198:Jersey
1157:Sussex
1152:Surrey
1077:London
1037:Durham
1032:Dorset
913:Tyrone
893:Galway
888:Dublin
873:Armagh
868:Antrim
811:Sussex
771:Durham
692:3 June
670:
651:
632:
589:
493:
1285:Meath
1250:Clare
1027:Devon
878:Clare
766:Devon
164:Dates
159:c. 50
1229:Fife
1067:Kent
842:Fife
781:Kent
694:2009
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