2339:
49:
1833:
1864:
707:
Constant, instantaneous and average current are expressed in amperes (as in "the charging current is 1.2 A") and the charge accumulated (or passed through a circuit) over a period of time is expressed in coulombs (as in "the
313:
as a fundamental relationship, with the CGS unit of charge defined by measuring the force between two charged metal plates. The CGS unit of current is then defined as one unit of charge per second.
455:, was then defined as "the quantity of electricity carried in 1 second by a current of 1 ampere". Conversely, a current of one ampere is one coulomb of charge going past a given point per second:
674:
505:
1554:
628:, "is the quantity of electricity carried in 1 second by a current of 1 ampere". Conversely, a current of one ampere is one coulomb of charge going past a given point per second:
322:
448:
states that there is an attractive or repulsive force between two parallel wires carrying an electric current. This force is used in the formal definition of the ampere.
426:
The ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed one
351:
306:
1884:
1769:
2314:
1967:
1888:
340:
1421:
396:
is defined as the product of current and voltage, the ampere can alternatively be expressed in terms of the other units using the relationship
1636:
1792:
1681:
1497:
1447:
1406:
548:
1586:
287:
elementary charges moving in a second. Prior to the redefinition the ampere was defined as the current passing through two parallel wires 1
362:
per centimetre of length between two wires one centimetre apart. The size of the unit was chosen so that the units derived from it in the
339:. In recognition of Ampère's contributions to the creation of modern electrical science, an international convention, signed at the 1881
1971:
1912:
1519:
2368:
2030:
1638:
Draft
Resolution A "On the revision of the International System of units (SI)" to be submitted to the CGPM at its 26th meeting (2018)
1827:
1786:
179:
139:
1697:
1848:
2220:
1858:
1607:
57:. As the current through the coil increases, the plunger is drawn further into the coil and the pointer deflects to the right.
2324:
1397:
68:
2039:
1359:
1023:
848:
737:
204:
1817:
1380:
634:
461:
1384:
1745:
2278:
445:
328:
228:
216:
101:
369:
The "international ampere" was an early realization of the ampere, defined as the current that would deposit
2319:
583:
235:
31:
1878:
2363:
2023:
1003:
935:
893:
977:
914:
872:
709:
192:
559:, since the latter two could be tied to physical phenomena that are relatively easy to reproduce, the
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1353:
785:
571:
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1920:
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of approximately a few parts in 10, and involved realisations of the watt, the ohm and the volt.
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2016:
1854:
1823:
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1443:
1415:
1402:
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239:
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607:
when expressed in the unit C, which is equal to A⋅s, where the second is defined in terms of
1958:
1717:
1332:
801:
793:
560:
347:
343:, established the ampere as a standard unit of electrical measurement for electric current.
332:
310:
220:
200:
156:
150:
116:
83:
1329: – Maximum current that can be applied continuously without harming a device or system
2095:
1467:
827:
393:
336:
1725:
1713:
2248:
2180:
1517:
SI supports only the use of symbols and deprecates the use of abbreviations for units.
1338:
898:
536:
378:
2357:
2309:
2233:
2170:
2160:
1669:
1435:
1029:
956:
741:
438:
299:
1462:
1006:
and electrical appliances, but are defined independently of the ampere, notably the
2253:
2210:
2195:
2150:
2130:
2047:
1011:
991:
982:
961:
919:
309:
has two units of current, one structured similarly to the SI's and the other using
540:
2125:
2080:
1997:
1615:
1392:
1388:
1033:
781:
757:
720:"). The relation of the ampere (C/s) to the coulomb is the same as that of the
1913:"Appendix 2: Practical realisation of unit definitions: Electrical quantities"
411:
2190:
2105:
48:
17:
381:
solution. Later, more accurate measurements revealed that this current is
2070:
1739:
1326:
749:
430:
apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to
414:, a device that can measure electrical voltage, current, and resistance.
355:
1934:
1002:
There are also some SI units that are frequently used in the context of
2258:
2243:
2185:
2115:
2110:
2060:
1320:
832:
792:
respectively) with all other SI units being defined using these. These
761:
625:
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452:
224:
208:
54:
1721:
2273:
2175:
2085:
2065:
773:
753:
745:
617:, the unperturbed ground state hyperfine transition frequency of the
358:, was defined as the amount of current that generates a force of two
212:
1853:(Fourth ed.), Belmont, CA: Thompson Brooks/Cole, p. 746,
1341: – Physiological reaction or injury caused by electric current
535:
This definition of the ampere was most accurately realised using a
2288:
2283:
2268:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2120:
2075:
1007:
940:
861:
725:
427:
288:
1880:
Beyond the
Kilogram: Redefining the International System of Units
2263:
2205:
2200:
853:
777:
769:
721:
552:
359:
2012:
1992:
410:, and thus 1 A = 1 W/V. Current can be measured by a
2238:
2165:
2155:
1350: – Widely used analogy for explaining electrical circuits
877:
797:
764:
representing seven fundamental types of physical quantity, or
586:
defined the ampere by taking the fixed numerical value of the
556:
346:
The ampere was originally defined as one tenth of the unit of
171:
131:
1555:"Mise en pratique for the definition of the ampere in the SI"
259:, which means an ampere is an electric current equivalent to
1028:
Like other SI units, the ampere can be modified by adding a
804:. The units with special names derived from the ampere are:
2008:
570:
Techniques to establish the realisation of an ampere had a
327:
The ampere is named for French physicist and mathematician
73:
162:
122:
1907:
1905:
1993:
The NIST Reference on
Constants, Units, and Uncertainty
1362: – Comparison of a wide range of electric currents
1343:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1764:
1762:
211:(C) moving past a point per second. It is named after
1850:
Serway's principles of physics: a calculus based text
637:
464:
323:
International System of
Electrical and Magnetic Units
180:
140:
1819:
Physical
Chemistry: Understanding our Chemical World
168:
128:
2297:
2219:
2094:
2046:
796:can either be given special names e.g. watt, volt,
165:
159:
125:
119:
97:
89:
79:
67:
62:
41:
668:
499:
422:Until 2019, the SI defined the ampere as follows:
1698:"A short history of the SI units in electricity"
1885:National Institute of Standards and Technology
539:, but in practice the unit was maintained via
2024:
1548:
1546:
1401:(18th ed.), Cambridge University Press,
1323: – Device that measures electric current
669:{\displaystyle {\rm {1\ A=1\,{\text{C/s}}.}}}
500:{\displaystyle {\rm {1\ A=1{\frac {C}{s}}.}}}
8:
1770:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
2315:Historical definitions of the SI base units
1520:"Bureau International des Poids et Mesures"
800:, etc. or defined in terms of others, e.g.
2031:
2017:
2009:
47:
38:
1968:Bureau International des Poids et Mesures
656:
655:
639:
638:
636:
482:
466:
465:
463:
1579:"2.1. Unit of electric current (ampere)"
1398:Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
1038:
806:
291:apart that produces a magnetic force of
1372:
341:International Exposition of Electricity
1960:The International System of Units (SI)
1847:Serway, Raymond A; Jewett, JW (2006),
1775:The International System of Units (SI)
1413:
352:centimetre–gram–second system of units
238:, the ampere is defined by fixing the
219:(1775–1836), considered the father of
1047:
1044:
53:Demonstration model of a moving iron
7:
1977:from the original on 5 November 2013
1748:from the original on 20 October 2016
1589:from the original on 3 February 2012
366:system would be conveniently sized.
1836:from the original on 2 January 2014
1525:, 2006, p. 130, archived from
1500:from the original on 7 October 2014
1891:from the original on 21 March 2008
1420:: CS1 maint: overridden setting (
646:
487:
484:
473:
25:
1867:from the original on 21 June 2013
514:was determined by steady current
2338:
2337:
1798:from the original on 4 June 2021
1676:, New York: Three Rivers Press,
1440:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
683:is determined by steady current
263:elementary charges moving every
207:(SI). One ampere is equal to 1
155:
115:
27:SI base unit of electric current
1608:"Base unit definitions: Ampere"
1335: – Flow of electric charge
906:ampere per volt or inverse ohm
2325:System of units of measurement
1468:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
354:. That unit, now known as the
1:
1360:Orders of magnitude (current)
1024:Orders of magnitude (current)
849:Electric potential difference
738:international system of units
732:Units derived from the ampere
205:International System of Units
377:of silver per second from a
215:mathematician and physicist
1040:SI multiples of ampere (A)
624:The SI unit of charge, the
451:The SI unit of charge, the
418:Former definition in the SI
335:and laid the foundation of
2385:
2000:Definition of ampere and μ
1021:
320:
29:
2369:Units of electric current
2333:
1822:, John Wiley & Sons,
1442:(3rd ed.), Longman,
1356: – Physical constant
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
331:(1775–1836), who studied
46:
2279:minute and second of arc
1032:that multiplies it by a
1010:, joule, watt, candela,
2320:2019 revision of the SI
1744:, Sizes, 1 April 2014,
1708:(2), Montclair: 97–99,
740:(SI) is based on seven
584:2019 revision of the SI
236:2019 revision of the SI
32:Ampere (disambiguation)
1919:, BIPM, archived from
1816:Monk, Paul MS (2004),
1585:(8th ed.), BIPM,
1496:(8th ed.), BIPM,
1004:electrical engineering
936:Electrical capacitance
894:Electrical conductance
670:
501:
443:
441:per metre of length.
1970:, 2006, p. 144,
1741:History of the ampere
978:Magnetic flux density
915:Electrical inductance
873:Electrical resistance
671:
502:
424:
229:Hans Christian Ørsted
2221:Other accepted units
1696:Kowalski, L (1986),
1553:BIPM (20 May 2019),
784:, electric current,
635:
572:relative uncertainty
462:
30:For other uses, see
2305:Conversion of units
1728:on 14 February 2002
1714:1986PhTea..24...97K
1702:The Physics Teacher
1354:Vacuum permeability
1041:
786:amount of substance
687:flowing for a time
679:In general, charge
565:quantum Hall effect
545:electromotive force
518:flowing for a time
510:In general, charge
63:General information
2098:with special names
1490:"2. SI base units"
1039:
790:luminous intensity
666:
578:Present definition
543:from the units of
497:
446:Ampère's force law
329:André-Marie Ampère
217:André-Marie Ampère
102:André-Marie Ampère
2351:
2350:
2229:astronomical unit
1722:10.1119/1.2341955
1683:978-0-307-33598-2
1674:Electric Universe
1532:on 14 August 2017
1471:, Merriam-Webster
1449:978-1-4058-8118-0
1408:978-0-521-15255-6
1348:Hydraulic analogy
1312:
1311:
1000:
999:
948:coulomb per volt
822:In SI base units
659:
645:
588:elementary charge
490:
472:
240:elementary charge
199:, is the unit of
107:
106:
16:(Redirected from
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2341:
2340:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2010:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1966:(8th ed.),
1965:
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1945:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1923:on 14 April 2013
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1781:(8th ed.),
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1766:
1757:
1756:
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1753:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1724:, archived from
1693:
1687:
1686:
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1658:
1656:
1651:on 29 April 2018
1650:
1644:, archived from
1643:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1618:on 25 April 2017
1614:, archived from
1612:Physics.nist.gov
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1333:Electric current
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885:volt per ampere
807:
802:metre per second
794:SI derived units
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2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1973:
1969:
1962:
1961:
1954:
1951:
1940:
1939:www.npl.co.uk
1936:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1843:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1829:0-471-49180-2
1825:
1821:
1820:
1812:
1809:
1794:
1790:
1788:92-822-2213-6
1784:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1647:
1640:
1639:
1632:
1629:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1560:
1556:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1511:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1417:
1410:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1381:Jones, Daniel
1376:
1373:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1308:quettaampere
1307:
1304:
1301:
1299:quectoampere
1298:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1051:
1045:Submultiples
1043:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
995:
993:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
975:
971:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
957:Magnetic flux
955:
954:
950:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
929:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
912:
908:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
887:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
870:
866:
863:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
842:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
825:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
808:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
742:SI base units
739:
731:
729:
727:
724:(J/s) to the
723:
711:
705:
702:
699:
695:
661:
652:
649:
640:
631:
630:
629:
627:
622:
620:
612:
589:
585:
577:
575:
573:
568:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
533:
530:
526:
492:
479:
476:
467:
458:
457:
456:
454:
449:
447:
442:
440:
429:
423:
417:
415:
413:
408:
404:
400:
395:
390:
380:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
324:
316:
314:
312:
311:Coulomb's law
308:
303:
301:
290:
241:
237:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
185:
176:
152:
146:
145:
136:
112:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
72:
70:
66:
61:
56:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2254:electronvolt
2055:
1999:
1959:
1953:
1942:, retrieved
1938:
1935:"ampere (A)"
1929:
1921:the original
1916:
1893:, retrieved
1879:
1873:
1860:0-53449143-X
1849:
1842:
1818:
1811:
1800:, retrieved
1774:
1752:20 September
1750:, retrieved
1740:
1734:
1726:the original
1705:
1701:
1691:
1673:
1664:
1653:, retrieved
1646:the original
1637:
1631:
1622:28 September
1620:, retrieved
1616:the original
1611:
1602:
1591:, retrieved
1582:
1573:
1562:, retrieved
1558:
1534:, retrieved
1527:the original
1513:
1502:, retrieved
1493:
1484:
1475:29 September
1473:, retrieved
1466:
1457:
1439:
1430:
1396:
1393:Esling, John
1389:Setter, Jane
1385:Roach, Peter
1375:
1288:ronnaampere
1279:rontoampere
1268:yottaampere
1259:yoctoampere
1248:zettaampere
1239:zeptoampere
1199:femtoampere
1139:microampere
1119:milliampere
1108:hectoampere
1099:centiampere
1027:
1001:
992:square metre
969:volt second
864:per coulomb
766:"dimensions"
735:
706:
700:
697:
693:
678:
623:
610:
581:
569:
534:
528:
524:
509:
450:
444:
425:
421:
406:
402:
398:
391:
368:
345:
326:
305:The earlier
304:
233:
196:
188:
110:
108:
80:Unit of
36:
1917:SI brochure
1802:16 December
1593:19 November
1583:SI brochure
1564:18 February
1536:21 November
1504:19 November
1494:SI brochure
1219:attoampere
1208:petaampere
1188:teraampere
1179:picoampere
1168:gigaampere
1159:nanoampere
1148:megaampere
1128:kiloampere
1088:decaampere
1079:deciampere
1034:power of 10
1018:SI prefixes
1014:, and lux.
927:ohm second
782:temperature
621:-133 atom.
375: grams
302:per metre.
273:seconds or
223:along with
98:Named after
69:Unit system
18:Milliampere
2358:Categories
2048:Base units
1895:3 December
1655:28 October
1367:References
1302:10 A
1293:10 A
1282:10 A
1273:10 A
1262:10 A
1253:10 A
1242:10 A
1233:10 A
1228:exaampere
1222:10 A
1213:10 A
1202:10 A
1193:10 A
1182:10 A
1173:10 A
1162:10 A
1153:10 A
1142:10 A
1133:10 A
1122:10 A
1113:10 A
1102:10 A
1093:10 A
1082:10 A
1073:10 A
1065:SI symbol
1056:SI symbol
1048:Multiples
990:weber per
756:, ampere,
712:charge is
549:resistance
412:multimeter
307:CGS system
234:As of the
227:physicist
187:; symbol:
2191:steradian
2106:becquerel
972:kg⋅m⋅s⋅A
951:s⋅A⋅kg⋅m
930:kg⋅m⋅s⋅A
909:s⋅A⋅kg⋅m
888:kg⋅m⋅s⋅A
867:kg⋅m⋅s⋅A
810:Quantity
748:, metre,
541:Ohm's law
257:10 C
193:shortened
191:), often
2343:Category
2298:See also
2071:kilogram
2040:SI units
1972:archived
1889:archived
1887:, 2006,
1865:archived
1834:archived
1793:archived
1772:(2006),
1746:archived
1672:(2005),
1587:archived
1498:archived
1463:"ampere"
1438:(2008),
1416:citation
1395:(eds.),
1383:(2011),
1327:Ampacity
1315:See also
819:Meaning
750:kilogram
563:and the
555:and the
356:abampere
2259:hectare
2244:decibel
2186:sievert
2181:siemens
2111:coulomb
2061:candela
1710:Bibcode
1321:Ammeter
996:kg⋅s⋅A
899:siemens
833:coulomb
816:Symbol
762:candela
718: C
710:battery
626:coulomb
619:caesium
453:coulomb
439:newtons
387: A
350:in the
317:History
300:newtons
209:coulomb
203:in the
55:ammeter
2274:minute
2234:dalton
2176:radian
2171:pascal
2161:newton
2086:second
2066:kelvin
2056:ampere
1944:21 May
1883:, US:
1857:
1826:
1785:
1680:
1446:
1405:
1062:Value
1053:Value
1030:prefix
788:, and
774:length
760:, and
754:kelvin
746:second
644:
593:to be
551:, the
471:
392:Since
225:Danish
213:French
111:ampere
90:Symbol
42:ampere
2289:tonne
2284:neper
2269:litre
2211:weber
2196:tesla
2151:lumen
2146:katal
2141:joule
2136:hertz
2131:henry
2121:farad
2076:metre
1998:NIST
1975:(PDF)
1964:(PDF)
1796:(PDF)
1779:(PDF)
1649:(PDF)
1642:(PDF)
1530:(PDF)
1523:(PDF)
1068:Name
1059:Name
1012:lumen
1008:hertz
983:tesla
962:weber
941:farad
920:henry
862:joule
813:Unit
726:joule
595:1.602
428:metre
394:power
383:0.999
371:0.001
360:dynes
289:metre
275:6.241
265:1.602
247:1.602
184:-peer
144:-pair
2264:hour
2206:watt
2201:volt
2126:gray
2081:mole
1946:2019
1897:2008
1855:ISBN
1824:ISBN
1804:2021
1783:ISBN
1754:2023
1678:ISBN
1657:2018
1624:2010
1595:2011
1566:2022
1559:BIPM
1538:2011
1506:2011
1477:2020
1444:ISBN
1422:link
1403:ISBN
1085:daA
854:volt
843:A⋅s
778:mass
770:time
758:mole
744:the
736:The
722:watt
582:The
553:volt
547:and
364:MKSA
109:The
2239:day
2166:ohm
2156:lux
1718:doi
1305:QA
1296:qA
1285:RA
1276:rA
1265:YA
1256:yA
1245:ZA
1236:zA
1225:EA
1216:aA
1205:PA
1196:fA
1185:TA
1176:pA
1165:GA
1156:nA
1145:MA
1136:μA
1125:kA
1116:mA
1105:hA
1096:cA
1076:dA
966:Wb
878:ohm
798:lux
768:, (
716:000
691:as
658:C/s
600:634
597:176
557:ohm
522:as
373:118
280:074
277:509
270:634
267:176
252:634
249:176
197:amp
195:to
172:ɪər
132:ɛər
2360::
1937:,
1915:,
1904:^
1863:,
1832:,
1791:,
1761:^
1716:,
1706:24
1704:,
1700:,
1610:,
1581:,
1557:,
1545:^
1492:,
1465:,
1418:}}
1414:{{
1391:;
1387:;
1036:.
987:T
945:F
924:H
903:S
882:Ω
858:V
837:C
780:,
776:,
772:,
752:,
728:.
714:30
704:.
696:=
614:Cs
605:10
532:.
529:It
527:=
436:10
401:=
389:.
385:85
297:10
285:10
261:10
231:.
182:AM
153::
151:US
147:,
142:AM
74:SI
2032:e
2025:t
2018:v
2002:0
1979:.
1720::
1712::
1424:)
701:t
698:I
694:Q
689:t
685:I
681:Q
662:.
653:1
650:=
647:A
641:1
611:ν
609:∆
603:×
591:e
525:Q
520:t
516:I
512:Q
493:.
488:s
485:C
480:1
477:=
474:A
468:1
434:×
432:2
407:V
405:/
403:P
399:I
295:×
293:2
283:×
255:×
243:e
189:A
175:/
169:p
166:m
163:æ
160:ˈ
157:/
135:/
129:p
126:m
123:æ
120:ˈ
117:/
113:(
93:A
34:.
20:)
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