49:
3103:
4428:
3505:
2246:
sufficiently apparent to justify the introduction of one based on the electro-magnetic system, viz. the heat generated in one second by the current of an Ampère flowing through the resistance of an Ohm. In absolute measure its value is 10 C.G.S. units, and, assuming Joule's equivalent as 42,000,000, it is the heat necessary to raise 0.238 grammes of water 1° Centigrade, or, approximately, the
4452:
3144:
615:
4464:
4440:
424:
3027:
physical considerations; in a given situation some forms may be more helpful than others. In practice, with certain quantities, preference is given to the use of certain special unit names, or combinations of unit names, to facilitate the distinction between different quantities having the same dimension.
2245:
The unit of heat has hitherto been taken variously as the heat required to raise a pound of water at the freezing-point through 1° Fahrenheit or
Centigrade, or, again, the heat necessary to raise a kilogramme of water 1° Centigrade. The inconvenience of a unit so entirely arbitrary is
3026:
A derived unit can often be expressed in different ways by combining base units with derived units having special names. Joule, for example, may formally be written newton metre, or kilogram metre squared per second squared. This, however, is an algebraic freedom to be governed by common sense
848:). Joule died in the same year, on 11 October 1889. At the fourth congress (1893), the "international ampere" and "international ohm" were defined, with slight changes in the specifications for their measurement, with the "international joule" being the unit derived from them.
1943:, but has not given the unit of torque any special name, hence it is simply the newton-metre (N⋅m) – a compound name derived from its constituent parts. The use of newton-metres for torque but joules for energy is helpful to avoid misunderstandings and miscommunication.
2702:
2601:
610:{\displaystyle {\begin{alignedat}{3}\mathrm {J} \;&=~\mathrm {kg{\cdot }m^{2}{\cdot }s^{-2}} \\&=~\mathrm {N{\cdot }m} \\&=~\mathrm {Pa{\cdot }m^{3}} \\&=~\mathrm {W{\cdot }s} \\&=~\mathrm {C{\cdot }V} \\\end{alignedat}}}
2266:
th of the kilogramme of water raised 1° Centigrade. Such a heat unit, if found acceptable, might with great propriety, I think, be called the Joule, after the man who has done so much to develop the dynamical theory of
2053:. While the watt-second is equivalent to the joule in both units and meaning, there are some contexts in which the term "watt-second" is used instead of "joule", such as in the rating of photographic
2849:
2613:
429:
1993:
2518:
832:"Such a heat unit, if found acceptable, might with great propriety, I think, be called the Joule, after the man who has done so much to develop the dynamical theory of heat."
801:
902:
The definition of the joule as J = kg⋅m⋅s has remained unchanged since 1946, but the joule as a derived unit has inherited changes in the definitions of the
864:
879:. The joule was explicitly intended as the unit of energy to be used in both electromagnetic and mechanical contexts. The ratification of the definition at the ninth
2466:
2732:
3039:
3009:
2073:
3480:
1932:
880:
2768:
852:
3541:
2492:
2159:
4161:
4205:
3880:
3062:
2358:
2096:
1647:
388:
3005:
2444:
2118:
4347:
412:
3196:
3056:
2428:
2090:
789:
348:
321:
2924:, FAO/WHO Ad Hoc Committee of Experts on Energy and Protein, 1971. A report on the changeover from calories to joules in nutrition.
4288:
3386:
2963:
2329:
9th CGPM, Resolution 3: Triple point of water; thermodynamic scale with a single fixed point; unit of quantity of heat (joule).
4298:
3490:
3133:
2974:
2739:
2195:
64:
3134:
4490:
3205:
2470:
1736:
896:
761:
364:
4468:
3828:
1076:
3646:
1965:
1467:
every second in full daylight. A human in a sprint has approximately 3 kJ of kinetic energy, while a cheetah in a
4387:
3534:
1659:
1571:
2743:
3085:
2805:
2177:
836:
At the second
International Electrical Congress, on 31 August 1889, the joule was officially adopted alongside the
4495:
4293:
4151:
3813:
3758:
3738:
3733:
3168:
4500:
4222:
3566:
3444:
1693:
1499:
of liquid water at constant pressure from 0 °C (32 °F) to 100 °C (212 °F) is approximately
979:
1406:. The minimal energy needed to change a bit of data in computation at around room temperature – approximately
2779:
4382:
4367:
3763:
3743:
3485:
2186:
2006:
915:
2697:{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}\cdot 35~{\text{kg}}\cdot \left(35~{\text{m/s}}\right)^{2}=21,400~{\text{J}}}
3895:
3791:
3718:
3708:
3589:
3527:
3189:
1655:
31:
2714:"Energy Units – Energy Explained, Your Guide To Understanding Energy – Energy Information Administration"
2596:{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}\cdot 70~{\text{kg}}\cdot \left(10~{\text{m/s}}\right)^{2}=3500~{\text{J}}}
2122:
3835:
3626:
2775:
2713:
1442:
867:
in 1946. The joule was now no longer defined based on electromagnetic unit, but instead as the unit of
1962:
of a force vector and a distance vector. Torque and energy are related to one another by the equation
4283:
4256:
4234:
4141:
4074:
3823:
3753:
3698:
3164:
2345:
2234:
2017:). Since plane angles are dimensionless, it follows that torque and energy have the same dimensions.
1928:
1455:
Nutritional food labels in most countries express energy in kilojoules (kJ). One square metre of the
938:
828:(1818–1889), at the time retired but still living (aged 63), followed the recommendation of Siemens:
825:
797:
757:
396:
254:
97:
4362:
4305:
4227:
4200:
3885:
3748:
3723:
3470:
2496:
2054:
1689:
1491:
1470:
4451:
3043:
2831:
2077:
4444:
4342:
4320:
4310:
4146:
2279:
776:
becomes capitalised at the beginning of a sentence and in titles but is otherwise in lower case.
3013:
4244:
4069:
3930:
3890:
3860:
3845:
3818:
3728:
3631:
3571:
3561:
3508:
3394:
3182:
3052:
2841:
2452:
2424:
2354:
2191:
2086:
1903:
1488:
The megajoule is approximately the kinetic energy of a one megagram (tonne) vehicle moving at
860:
2896:
4403:
4377:
4372:
4352:
4337:
4178:
4168:
3948:
3875:
3611:
2921:
2240:
Report of the Fifty-Second
Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science
1955:
1947:
1718:
by 1 °C, assuming properties similar to those of pure water. The thermal output of the
1584:
1024:
1010:
380:
331:
304:
2493:"Construction of a Composite Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) Time Series from 1978 to present"
48:
4432:
4413:
4327:
4094:
4009:
3865:
3855:
3840:
3798:
3703:
3653:
3604:
3261:
2934:
2836:
2804:
Bonnie
Berkowitz; Laris Karklis; Reuben Fischer-Baum; Chiqui Esteban (11 September 2017).
2391:
1527:
883:, in 1948, added the specification that the joule was also to be preferred as the unit of
856:
745:
730:
741:
of one volt, or one coulomb-volt (C⋅V). This relationship can be used to define the volt.
3006:"Units with special names and symbols; units that incorporate special names and symbols"
2871:
2294:
1700:. The energy to raise the temperature of Earth's atmosphere 1 °C is approximately
4408:
4357:
4332:
4136:
4101:
4034:
4024:
3940:
3920:
3915:
3900:
3870:
3850:
3808:
3786:
3768:
3668:
3658:
3594:
3414:
3346:
3149:
2210:
2181:
1597:
1589:
1428:
1411:
1042:
1031:
The energy required to lift an apple up 1 m, assuming the apple has a mass of 101.97 g.
994:
868:
368:
3102:
2045:
equivalent to the joule. The watt-second is the energy equivalent to the power of one
1059:
The food energy (kcal) in slightly more than half of an ordinary-sized sugar crystal (
855:(as the successor organisation of the International Electrical Congress) adopted the "
4484:
4456:
4315:
4275:
4239:
4195:
4121:
4084:
4002:
3925:
3693:
3688:
3641:
3621:
3475:
3399:
3336:
3326:
2417:
1959:
1671:
1633:
1605:
1555:
1539:
1507:
1475:
872:
749:
683:
673:
408:
372:
206:
2978:
2256:
th part of the arbitrary unit of a pound of water raised 1° Fahrenheit and the
4212:
4156:
4106:
4089:
3910:
3683:
3616:
3419:
3376:
3361:
3316:
3296:
3213:
2038:
1920:
1859:
1715:
1535:
1403:
845:
768:
letter (J), but when written in full, it follows the rules for capitalisation of a
276:
129:
2160:"NIST Guide to the SI, Chapter 4: The Two Classes of SI Units and the SI Prefixes"
3132:
2830:
Rathbone, John-Paul; Fontanella-Khan, James; Rovnick, Naomi (11 September 2017).
379:
in the direction of that force. It is also the energy dissipated as heat when an
4217:
4183:
4057:
4047:
3990:
3973:
3958:
3905:
3803:
3291:
3246:
1951:
933:
888:
863:
also implied a redefinition of the joule. The Giorgi system was approved by the
769:
2938:
2238:
1714:
The yottajoule is a little less than the amount of energy required to heat the
1684:
The zettajoule is somewhat more than the amount of energy required to heat the
4251:
4173:
4111:
4079:
4019:
3713:
2962:
Marc Herant; Stirling A. Colgate; Willy Benz; Chris Fryer (October 25, 1997).
1843:
1685:
1629:
1567:
785:
765:
2845:
2733:"Report LA-8819: The yields of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear explosions"
752:, which is 3.6 megajoules). This relationship can be used to define the watt.
4261:
4188:
4062:
4042:
4014:
3953:
3356:
3271:
3107:
1865:
1577:
1562:
1531:
1522:
1502:
1062:
942:
17:
3997:
3978:
3963:
3663:
3236:
2309:
1624:
1464:
1017:
1000:
972:
911:
643:
155:
137:
3152:
was created from a revision of this article dated 6 March 2024
2353:(9th ed.), International Bureau of Weights and Measures, Dec 2022,
1038:
required to raise the temperature of 0.239 g of water from 0 °C to 1 °C.
4131:
3673:
3424:
3409:
3351:
3281:
3276:
3226:
2373:
1924:
1833:
1778:
1445:(LHC) produces collisions of the microjoule order (7 TeV) per particle.
946:
930:
The typical energy released as heat by a person at rest every 1/60 s (~
892:
738:
734:
703:
229:
2327:
2137:, Second College Edition (1985). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., p. 691.
30:
This article is about the unit of energy or work. For other uses, see
3678:
3599:
3550:
3439:
3341:
3251:
3231:
3221:
2050:
2042:
2014:
1936:
1873:
962:
903:
813:
663:
384:
360:
196:
145:
79:
2891:
2889:
53:
Intuitive representation of the joule as the work of a motive force
3454:
3449:
3434:
3311:
3301:
3286:
3241:
2840:. New York (Rathbone), Miami (Fontanella-Khan), London (Rovnick).
1919:
A result of this similarity is that the SI unit for torque is the
1869:
1636:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 PJ.
1608:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 TJ.
1542:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 GJ.
1510:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 MJ.
1478:, of electricity or any other form of energy, is 3.6 kJ.
1456:
986:
907:
876:
653:
376:
141:
2903:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 19 August 2020
1958:
and a displacement vector. By contrast, torque is a vector – the
4052:
3985:
3968:
3636:
3429:
3371:
3366:
2046:
1898:
1035:
1004:
955:
884:
837:
809:
713:
693:
192:
3523:
3178:
3404:
3331:
3321:
1946:
The distinction may be seen also in the fact that energy is a
1719:
817:
793:
392:
170:
2299:. New York: American Institute of Electrical Engineers. 1894.
1741:
1 joule is equal to (approximately unless otherwise stated):
859:
system", which by virtue of assuming a defined value for the
337:
310:
3130:
1674:
of electricity, or any other form of energy, is 3.6 EJ.
3174:
1872:(in some direction) has a close analogue in the concept of
69:
1049:
human moving very slowly (0.2 m/s or 0.72 km/h).
871:
performed by one unit of force (at the time not yet named
334:
307:
3519:
2121:, Online Edition (2009). Houghton Mifflin Co., hosted by
2874:(Report). International Energy Agency. 2022. p. 239
2832:"A weakened Irma unleashes more damage on Florida coast"
395:
for one second. It is named after the
English physicist
2311:
CIPM, 1946, Resolution 2, Definitions of electric units
2190:(revised ed.), New York: Wiley, pp. 516–517,
1474:(76 mph) sprint has approximately 20 kJ. One
2618:
2523:
1628:
of TNT, which is the amount of energy released by the
725:
One joule is also equivalent to any of the following:
2616:
2521:
1968:
427:
349:
322:
2423:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
2296:
2119:
American
Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1931:
as the joule, but they are not interchangeable. The
340:
313:
4396:
4272:
4120:
4033:
3939:
3779:
3580:
3463:
3385:
3260:
3212:
2281:
A chronological history of the modern metric system
764:unit named for a person, its symbol starts with an
272:
250:
225:
202:
176:
151:
125:
103:
93:
85:
75:
63:
58:
41:
2696:
2595:
2416:
2149:, Fifth Edition (1997). McGraw-Hill, Inc., p. 224.
1987:
802:British Association for the Advancement of Science
748:for one second, or one watt-second (W⋅s) (compare
609:
2769:"International Space Station Final Configuration"
2467:"You Say Calorie, We Say Kilojoule: Who's Right?"
895:. This is the definition declared in the modern
788:had been declared official in 1881, at the first
2415:Ristinen, Robert A.; Kraushaar, Jack J. (2006).
1773:Units with exact equivalents in joules include:
1654:of energy according to its rating of 9.0 on the
1056:tennis ball moving at 6 m/s (22 km/h).
891:, thereby officially deprecating the use of the
865:International Committee for Weights and Measures
800:, in his inauguration speech as chairman of the
812:, to be derived from the electromagnetic units
1559:(which is often used in energy tables). About
3535:
3190:
1688:by 1 °C, assuming properties similar to
1666:, and the world final energy consumption was
8:
3040:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
3010:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
2243:. Southampton. pp. 1–33. pp. 6–7:
2074:International Bureau of Weights and Measures
1600:was estimated to have a peak wind energy of
1495:(100 mph). The energy required to heat
952:The amount of electricity required to run a
3481:Historical definitions of the SI base units
2897:"Volumes of the World's Oceans from ETOPO1"
1632:, the largest man-made explosion ever. One
796:was adopted as its unit of energy in 1882.
375:displaces a mass through a distance of one
3542:
3528:
3520:
3197:
3183:
3175:
1933:General Conference on Weights and Measures
881:General Conference on Weights and Measures
437:
47:
38:
2922:The adoption of joules as units of energy
2689:
2668:
2658:
2638:
2617:
2615:
2588:
2573:
2563:
2543:
2522:
2520:
2211:"What Is a Joule? - Chemistry Definition"
1981:
1967:
853:International Electrotechnical Commission
744:The work required to produce one watt of
594:
590:
568:
564:
544:
535:
528:
506:
502:
479:
470:
464:
455:
448:
432:
428:
426:
3160:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
3143:
3000:
2998:
2392:"Units of Heat – BTU, Calorie and Joule"
1878:
1081:
620:
2806:"Analysis – How Big Is Hurricane Irma?"
2065:
1530:of combusting 1 barrel (159 L) of
4162:Integrated gasification combined cycle
3045:The International System of Units (SI)
2079:The International System of Units (SI)
1788:1 International Table calorie = 4.1868
926:One joule represents (approximately):
824:. The naming of the unit in honour of
4206:Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
3881:Quantum chromodynamics binding energy
1402:160 zeptojoules is about 1
1090:
1087:
7:
4439:
3051:(8th ed.), pp. 39–40, 53,
969:The energy required to accelerate a
804:(23 August 1882) first proposed the
4463:
4348:World energy supply and consumption
413:SI derived units with special names
367:(SI). It is equal to the amount of
2852:from the original on 4 August 2024
1769:23.7304 ft⋅pdl (foot-poundal)
1648:2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
1388:Common multiples are in bold face
599:
591:
573:
565:
541:
532:
529:
511:
503:
476:
461:
452:
449:
433:
25:
2347:The International System of Units
2147:McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Physics
1988:{\displaystyle E=\tau \theta \,,}
790:International Electrical Congress
107:
4462:
4450:
4438:
4427:
4426:
3504:
3503:
3142:
3101:
2135:The American Heritage Dictionary
1766:0.737562 ft⋅lb (foot-pound)
330:
303:
180:
3068:from the original on 2021-06-04
2284:, metricationmatters.com, 2009.
2102:from the original on 2021-06-04
1799:W⋅h = 3,600 J; 3.6 kJ
1574:, with a mass of approximately
739:electrical potential difference
3491:System of units of measurement
2975:Los Alamos National Laboratory
2740:Los Alamos National Laboratory
2731:Malik, John (September 1985).
1:
3106:The dictionary definition of
2943:Feynman's Lectures on Physics
2085:(8th ed.), p. 120,
1737:Conversion of units of energy
1075:For additional examples, see
897:International System of Units
820:, in cgs units equivalent to
729:The work required to move an
365:International System of Units
230:kilocalories (thermochemical)
1077:Orders of magnitude (energy)
1572:International Space Station
4517:
2964:"Neutrinos and Supernovae"
2419:Energy and the Environment
1857:
1734:
1566:of energy was released by
1083:SI multiples of joule (J)
1074:
415:, the joule is defined as
29:
4422:
4152:Fossil fuel power station
3814:Electric potential energy
3759:Thermodynamic temperature
3739:Thermodynamic free energy
3734:Thermodynamic equilibrium
3557:
3499:
2872:World Energy Outlook 2022
1534:. 2 GJ is about the
1387:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
875:) over the distance of 1
756:The joule is named after
371:done when a force of one
121:
46:
4223:Concentrated solar power
3445:minute and second of arc
3086:"What Is A Watt Second?"
1694:world energy consumption
1581:and orbital velocity of
1052:The kinetic energy of a
906:(in 1960 and 1967), the
3764:Volume (thermodynamics)
3744:Thermodynamic potential
3647:Mass–energy equivalence
3486:2019 revision of the SI
2187:Fundamentals of Physics
2013:is the angle swept (in
1854:Newton-metre and torque
1660:U.S. energy consumption
1552:The terajoule is about
3719:Quantum thermodynamics
3709:Laws of thermodynamics
3590:Conservation of energy
3138:
3118:Listen to this article
2698:
2597:
2055:electronic flash units
1989:
1935:has given the unit of
1656:moment magnitude scale
983:through a distance of
611:
32:Joule (disambiguation)
3836:Interatomic potential
3627:Energy transformation
3137:
2776:European Space Agency
2699:
2598:
1990:
1749:10 erg (exactly)
1443:Large Hadron Collider
1431:of a flying mosquito.
612:
4491:James Prescott Joule
4284:Efficient energy use
4257:Airborne wind energy
4235:Solar thermal energy
4142:Electricity delivery
3754:Thermodynamic system
3699:Irreversible process
3387:Other accepted units
3169:More spoken articles
2614:
2519:
2235:Siemens, Cal Wilhelm
1966:
1876:(about some angle):
1816: J; 3.6 MJ
941:); about 5,000
939:basal metabolic rate
826:James Prescott Joule
758:James Prescott Joule
425:
397:James Prescott Joule
98:James Prescott Joule
4306:Energy conservation
4228:Photovoltaic system
4201:Nuclear power plant
3886:Quantum fluctuation
3749:Thermodynamic state
3724:Thermal equilibrium
3471:Conversion of units
2971:Los Alamos Sciences
2396:Engineering Toolbox
1690:those of pure water
1662:amounts to roughly
1461:1.4 kilojoules
1084:
1021:mass travelling at
116:... is equal to ...
59:General information
4343:Sustainable energy
4321:Energy development
4311:Energy consumption
4147:Energy engineering
3264:with special names
3139:
2749:on 11 October 2009
2694:
2627:
2593:
2532:
2449:public.web.cern.ch
2049:sustained for one
1985:
1923:, which works out
1619:210 petajoule
1425:160 nanojoule
1410:– is given by the
1082:
922:Practical examples
910:(in 1983) and the
887:in the context of
844:(later renamed to
607:
605:
282:
274:
260:
252:
235:
227:
212:
204:
186:
178:
161:
153:
135:
127:
4478:
4477:
4245:Solar power tower
3891:Quantum potential
3729:Thermal reservoir
3632:Energy transition
3517:
3516:
3395:astronomical unit
3135:
2692:
2688:
2661:
2657:
2641:
2637:
2626:
2591:
2587:
2566:
2562:
2546:
2542:
2531:
2374:"SI Redefinition"
2360:978-92-822-2272-0
1927:to have the same
1917:
1916:
1904:Moment of inertia
1868:, the concept of
1777:1 thermochemical
1722:is approximately
1696:is approximately
1392:
1391:
861:magnetic constant
723:
722:
719:
718:
589:
563:
527:
501:
447:
387:passes through a
359:) is the unit of
295:
294:
104:Conversions
27:SI unit of energy
16:(Redirected from
4508:
4496:SI derived units
4466:
4465:
4454:
4442:
4441:
4430:
4429:
4404:Carbon footprint
4338:Renewable energy
4179:Hydroelectricity
4169:Geothermal power
3612:Energy condition
3544:
3537:
3530:
3521:
3507:
3506:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3176:
3159:
3157:
3146:
3145:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3119:
3105:
3090:
3089:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3067:
3050:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3012:. Archived from
3002:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2983:
2977:. Archived from
2968:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2939:"Physical Units"
2935:Feynman, Richard
2931:
2925:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2893:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2784:
2778:. Archived from
2773:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2742:. Archived from
2737:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2628:
2619:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2585:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2533:
2524:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2495:. Archived from
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2469:. Archived from
2463:
2457:
2456:
2451:. Archived from
2445:"Physics – CERN"
2441:
2435:
2434:
2422:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2352:
2342:
2336:
2325:
2319:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2291:
2285:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2123:Yahoo! Education
2116:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2084:
2070:
2009:of) torque, and
2007:vector magnitude
1994:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1879:
1849:
1842:
1832:
1826:
1822:
1812:
1811:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1725:
1711:
1710:
1703:
1699:
1681:
1680:
1669:
1665:
1653:
1643:
1642:
1627:
1620:
1615:
1614:
1603:
1595:
1587:
1580:
1565:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1525:
1517:
1516:
1505:
1498:
1494:
1485:
1484:
1473:
1462:
1452:
1451:
1438:
1437:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1409:
1399:
1398:
1085:
1065:
1055:
1048:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1003:
989:
982:
975:
965:
958:
936:
823:
760:. As with every
621:
616:
614:
613:
608:
606:
602:
598:
587:
580:
576:
572:
561:
554:
550:
549:
548:
539:
525:
518:
514:
510:
499:
492:
488:
487:
486:
474:
469:
468:
459:
445:
436:
418:
417:
411:and in terms of
381:electric current
352:
347:
346:
343:
342:
339:
336:
325:
320:
319:
316:
315:
312:
309:
291:
289:
283:
275:
268:
266:
261:
253:
246:
241:
236:
228:
221:
219:
213:
205:
190:
187:
179:
169:
167:
162:
154:
136:
128:
51:
39:
21:
4516:
4515:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4505:
4501:Units of energy
4481:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4418:
4414:Waste-to-energy
4392:
4328:Energy security
4274:
4268:
4124:
4116:
4095:Natural uranium
4029:
4010:Mechanical wave
3941:Energy carriers
3935:
3775:
3704:Isolated system
3582:
3576:
3553:
3548:
3518:
3513:
3495:
3476:Metric prefixes
3459:
3381:
3263:
3256:
3208:
3203:
3173:
3172:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3150:This audio file
3147:
3140:
3131:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3098:
3093:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3048:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3019:
3017:
3016:on 28 June 2009
3004:
3003:
2996:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2966:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2947:
2945:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2877:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2837:Financial Times
2829:
2828:
2824:
2814:
2812:
2810:Washington Post
2803:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2785:on 21 July 2011
2782:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2502:
2500:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2431:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2400:
2398:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2361:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2326:
2322:
2308:
2304:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2277:
2273:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2237:(August 1882).
2233:
2232:
2228:
2219:
2217:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2182:Resnick, Robert
2178:Halliday, David
2176:
2175:
2171:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2117:
2113:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2082:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2023:
1964:
1963:
1950:quantity – the
1862:
1856:
1847:
1840:
1836:= 4.184 GJ
1830:
1824:
1820:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1733:
1723:
1708:
1707:
1701:
1697:
1692:. Human annual
1678:
1677:
1667:
1663:
1651:
1640:
1639:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1601:
1593:
1582:
1575:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1545:
1528:chemical energy
1520:
1514:
1513:
1500:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1481:
1468:
1465:solar radiation
1460:
1459:receives about
1449:
1448:
1435:
1434:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1407:
1396:
1395:
1080:
1073:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1022:
1015:
1008:
998:
984:
977:
970:
960:
953:
931:
924:
821:
798:Wilhelm Siemens
782:
731:electric charge
604:
603:
578:
577:
552:
551:
540:
516:
515:
490:
489:
475:
460:
438:
423:
422:
405:
350:
333:
329:
323:
306:
302:
287:
285:
281:
273:
264:
262:
259:
251:
245:
239:
237:
234:
226:
217:
215:
211:
203:
188:
185:
177:
165:
163:
160:
152:
134:
126:
54:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4514:
4512:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4483:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4460:
4448:
4436:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4411:
4409:Jevons paradox
4406:
4400:
4398:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4333:Energy storage
4330:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4280:
4278:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4249:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4215:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4203:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4171:
4166:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4137:Electric power
4134:
4128:
4126:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4035:Primary energy
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3983:
3982:
3981:
3976:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3945:
3943:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3831:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3783:
3781:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3669:Entropic force
3666:
3659:Thermodynamics
3656:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3597:
3592:
3586:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3539:
3532:
3524:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3282:degree Celsius
3279:
3274:
3268:
3266:
3262:Derived units
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3179:
3162:
3148:
3141:
3129:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3113:
3097:
3096:External links
3094:
3092:
3091:
3077:
3057:
3031:
2994:
2954:
2926:
2914:
2885:
2863:
2822:
2796:
2760:
2723:
2705:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2634:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2604:
2584:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2539:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2509:
2484:
2458:
2455:on 2012-12-13.
2436:
2429:
2407:
2383:
2365:
2359:
2337:
2320:
2302:
2286:
2278:Pat Naughtin:
2271:
2226:
2202:
2196:
2169:
2151:
2139:
2127:
2111:
2091:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2022:
2019:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1858:Main article:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1837:
1827:
1817:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1735:Main article:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1712:
1705:
1682:
1675:
1670:in 2021. One
1644:
1637:
1616:
1609:
1598:Hurricane Irma
1590:kinetic energy
1550:
1543:
1518:
1511:
1486:
1479:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1429:kinetic energy
1422:
1415:
1412:Landauer limit
1400:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1050:
1043:kinetic energy
1039:
1032:
1029:
1007:travelling at
995:kinetic energy
991:
967:
950:
923:
920:
834:
833:
781:
778:
754:
753:
742:
721:
720:
717:
716:
711:
707:
706:
701:
697:
696:
691:
687:
686:
681:
677:
676:
671:
667:
666:
661:
657:
656:
651:
647:
646:
641:
637:
636:
633:
629:
628:
625:
618:
601:
597:
593:
586:
583:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
560:
557:
555:
553:
547:
543:
538:
534:
531:
524:
521:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
498:
495:
493:
491:
485:
482:
478:
473:
467:
463:
458:
454:
451:
444:
441:
439:
435:
431:
430:
404:
401:
293:
292:
279:
270:
269:
257:
248:
247:
243:
232:
223:
222:
209:
207:kilowatt-hours
200:
199:
183:
174:
173:
158:
149:
148:
132:
123:
122:
119:
118:
113:
106:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
67:
61:
60:
56:
55:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4513:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4471:
4470:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4453:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4425:
4424:
4421:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4389:
4388:United States
4386:
4384:
4383:South America
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4316:Energy policy
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4271:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4240:Solar furnace
4238:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4196:Nuclear power
4194:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4122:Energy system
4119:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4075:Gravitational
4073:
4071:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4003:Hydrogen fuel
4001:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3965:
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3902:
3899:
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3889:
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3882:
3879:
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3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3824:Gravitational
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3790:
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3762:
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3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3694:Heat transfer
3692:
3690:
3689:Heat capacity
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3642:Negative mass
3640:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3622:Energy system
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
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3522:
3510:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3415:degree of arc
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3378:
3375:
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3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3200:
3195:
3193:
3188:
3186:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3170:
3166:
3151:
3112:at Wiktionary
3111:
3110:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3095:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3064:
3060:
3058:92-822-2213-6
3054:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2984:on 2009-01-14
2980:
2976:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2955:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2918:
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2898:
2892:
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2873:
2867:
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2847:
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2807:
2800:
2797:
2781:
2777:
2770:
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2761:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2709:
2706:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2632:
2629:
2623:
2620:
2608:
2605:
2582:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2557:
2553:
2548:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2513:
2510:
2499:on 2011-08-30
2498:
2494:
2488:
2485:
2473:on 2023-05-15
2472:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2430:0-471-73989-8
2426:
2421:
2420:
2411:
2408:
2397:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2380:. 2018-05-11.
2379:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2362:
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2349:
2348:
2341:
2338:
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2331:
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2324:
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2312:
2306:
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2298:
2297:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2166:. 2016-01-28.
2165:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2112:
2098:
2094:
2092:92-822-2213-6
2088:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2069:
2066:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1961:
1960:cross product
1957:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1925:algebraically
1922:
1912:
1910:Displacement
1909:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1861:
1853:
1845:
1838:
1835:
1828:
1818:
1815:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1730:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1706:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1676:
1673:
1672:Petawatt-hour
1661:
1657:
1650:in Japan had
1649:
1645:
1638:
1635:
1634:terawatt-hour
1631:
1626:
1617:
1610:
1607:
1606:gigawatt-hour
1599:
1591:
1586:
1579:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1557:
1551:
1544:
1541:
1540:megawatt-hour
1537:
1536:Planck energy
1533:
1529:
1526:is about the
1524:
1519:
1512:
1509:
1508:kilowatt-hour
1504:
1493:
1487:
1480:
1477:
1472:
1466:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1430:
1427:is about the
1423:
1416:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1393:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1094:
1088:Submultiples
1086:
1078:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1006:
1002:
996:
992:
988:
981:
974:
968:
964:
957:
951:
948:
944:
940:
935:
932:16.6667
929:
928:
927:
921:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
900:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
851:In 1935, the
849:
847:
843:
839:
831:
830:
829:
827:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
779:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
751:
750:kilowatt-hour
747:
743:
740:
736:
732:
728:
727:
726:
715:
712:
709:
708:
705:
702:
699:
698:
695:
692:
689:
688:
685:
682:
679:
678:
675:
672:
669:
668:
665:
662:
659:
658:
655:
652:
649:
648:
645:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
630:
626:
623:
622:
619:
617:
595:
584:
582:
569:
558:
556:
545:
536:
522:
520:
507:
496:
494:
483:
480:
471:
465:
456:
442:
440:
420:
419:
416:
414:
410:
409:SI base units
402:
400:
399:(1818–1889).
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
353:
345:
327:
326:
318:
300:
280:
278:
277:electronvolts
271:
258:
256:
249:
233:
231:
224:
210:
208:
201:
198:
194:
184:
182:
175:
172:
159:
157:
150:
147:
143:
139:
133:
131:
130:SI base units
124:
120:
117:
114:
112:
108:
102:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
78:
74:
71:
68:
66:
62:
57:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4467:
4455:
4443:
4431:
4213:Oil refinery
4157:Cogeneration
4090:Nuclear fuel
3896:Quintessence
3684:Free entropy
3617:Energy level
3581:Fundamental
3420:electronvolt
3306:
3108:
3080:
3070:, retrieved
3044:
3034:
3025:
3018:. Retrieved
3014:the original
2986:. Retrieved
2979:the original
2970:
2957:
2946:. Retrieved
2942:
2929:
2917:
2905:. Retrieved
2900:
2876:. Retrieved
2866:
2856:11 September
2854:. Retrieved
2835:
2825:
2813:. Retrieved
2809:
2799:
2787:. Retrieved
2780:the original
2763:
2751:. Retrieved
2744:the original
2726:
2717:
2708:
2607:
2512:
2501:. Retrieved
2497:the original
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2471:the original
2461:
2453:the original
2448:
2439:
2418:
2410:
2399:. Retrieved
2395:
2386:
2377:
2368:
2346:
2340:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2295:
2289:
2280:
2274:
2244:
2239:
2229:
2218:. Retrieved
2214:
2205:
2185:
2172:
2163:
2154:
2146:
2142:
2134:
2130:
2114:
2104:, retrieved
2078:
2068:
2039:derived unit
2034:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1945:
1940:
1921:newton-metre
1918:
1863:
1860:Newton-metre
1813:
1772:
1740:
1716:Indian Ocean
1652:1.41 EJ
1408:2.75 zJ
1404:electronvolt
1383:quettajoule
1374:quectojoule
1261:
1256:
1248:
1243:
1233:
1228:
1220:
1215:
1205:
1200:
1192:
1187:
1177:
1172:
1164:
1159:
945:(1,200
925:
901:
850:
841:
835:
805:
783:
773:
755:
724:
421:
407:In terms of
406:
356:
298:
296:
242:10 kcal
220:10 kW⋅h
181:watt-seconds
115:
110:
76:Unit of
36:
4469:WikiProject
4289:Agriculture
4218:Solar power
4184:Tidal power
4058:Natural gas
4048:Fossil fuel
3991:Latent heat
3959:Electricity
2878:7 September
2718:www.eia.gov
2027:watt-second
2021:Watt-second
2001:is energy,
1954:of a force
1952:dot product
1763:10 BTU
1731:Conversions
1726:per second.
1724:400 YJ
1702:2.2 ZJ
1698:0.5 ZJ
1668:439 EJ
1602:112 TJ
1596:. In 2017,
1592:of roughly
1554:0.278
1538:unit. One
1363:ronnajoule
1354:rontojoule
1343:yottajoule
1334:yoctojoule
1323:zettajoule
1314:zeptojoule
1274:femtojoule
1151:hectojoule
1142:centijoule
1061:0.102
959:device for
889:calorimetry
822:10 erg
808:as unit of
770:common noun
737:through an
267:10 BTU
94:Named after
65:Unit system
4485:Categories
4252:Wind power
4174:Hydropower
4125:components
4080:Hydropower
4070:Geothermal
4020:Sound wave
3931:Zero-point
3861:Mechanical
3846:Ionization
3819:Electrical
3714:Negentropy
3595:Energetics
3214:Base units
3165:Audio help
3156:2024-03-06
3072:2021-12-16
2988:2008-04-23
2948:2014-03-07
2815:2 November
2503:2005-10-05
2401:2021-06-14
2220:2024-04-07
2197:0471344311
2106:2021-12-16
2061:References
1929:dimensions
1806:kW⋅h = 3.6
1756:10 eV
1709:Yottajoule
1686:Baltic Sea
1679:Zettajoule
1664:94 EJ
1630:Tsar Bomba
1594:13 TJ
1583:7700
1568:Little Boy
1436:Microjoule
1397:Zeptojoule
1377:10 J
1368:10 J
1357:10 J
1348:10 J
1337:10 J
1328:10 J
1317:10 J
1308:10 J
1297:10 J
1294:attojoule
1288:10 J
1283:petajoule
1277:10 J
1268:10 J
1253:10 J
1240:10 J
1225:10 J
1212:10 J
1197:10 J
1193:microjoule
1184:10 J
1169:10 J
1165:millijoule
1156:10 J
1145:10 J
1136:10 J
1131:decajoule
1125:10 J
1122:decijoule
1116:10 J
1108:SI symbol
1099:SI symbol
1091:Multiples
1066:/crystal).
1047:50 kg
1023:1.41
786:cgs system
766:upper case
403:Definition
389:resistance
355:; symbol:
290:10 eV
18:Millijoule
4363:Australia
4299:Transport
4294:Computing
4262:Wind farm
4189:Wave farm
4063:Petroleum
4043:Bioenergy
4015:Radiation
3954:Capacitor
3876:Potential
3357:steradian
3272:becquerel
2846:0307-1766
2644:⋅
2630:⋅
2549:⋅
2535:⋅
2334:bipm.org.
2215:ThoughtCo
1979:θ
1976:τ
1939:the name
1866:mechanics
1848:10 J
1658:. Yearly
1621:is about
1613:Petajoule
1578:megagrams
1576:450
1547:Terajoule
1532:petroleum
1523:gigajoule
1515:Gigajoule
1501:4.2
1497:10 L
1490:161
1483:Megajoule
1476:watt-hour
1469:122
1450:Kilojoule
1419:Nanojoule
1303:exajoule
1262:terajoule
1249:picojoule
1234:gigajoule
1221:nanojoule
1206:megajoule
1178:kilojoule
1071:Multiples
1054:56 g
899:in 1960.
596:⋅
570:⋅
537:⋅
508:⋅
481:−
472:⋅
457:⋅
156:CGS units
109:1 J
4433:Category
3998:Hydrogen
3964:Enthalpy
3866:Negative
3856:Magnetic
3841:Internal
3799:Chemical
3664:Enthalpy
3583:concepts
3509:Category
3464:See also
3237:kilogram
3206:SI units
3167: ·
3063:archived
3042:(2006),
3020:18 March
2937:(1963).
2901:noaa.gov
2850:Archived
2789:18 March
2753:18 March
2316:bipm.org
2184:(1974),
2097:archived
2076:(2006),
2031:W s
2029:(symbol
2005:is (the
1885:Angular
1825:1 J
1641:Exajoule
1625:megatons
1623:50
1588:, has a
1561:63
976:mass at
949:) / day.
912:kilogram
842:quadrant
840:and the
772:; i.e.,
644:kilogram
627:Meaning
4445:Commons
4273:Use and
4132:Biomass
4102:Radiant
3949:Battery
3921:Thermal
3916:Surface
3901:Radiant
3871:Phantom
3851:Kinetic
3829:Binding
3809:Elastic
3792:Nuclear
3787:Binding
3674:Entropy
3572:Outline
3562:History
3425:hectare
3410:decibel
3352:sievert
3347:siemens
3277:coulomb
3227:candela
3154: (
3125:minutes
2907:8 March
2261:⁄
2251:⁄
2037:) is a
2015:radians
1893:Torque
1834:ton TNT
1781:= 4.184
1779:calorie
1759:9.47817
1752:6.24151
1604:. One
1521:6
1016:1
1014:, or a
1009:1
999:2
985:1
978:1
971:1
961:1
954:1
916:in 2019
893:calorie
780:History
735:coulomb
733:of one
704:coulomb
624:Symbol
391:of one
383:of one
363:in the
4457:Portal
4378:Mexico
4373:Europe
4368:Canada
4353:Africa
4276:supply
4085:Marine
3974:Fossil
3926:Vacuum
3679:Exergy
3600:Energy
3551:Energy
3440:minute
3400:dalton
3342:radian
3337:pascal
3327:newton
3252:second
3232:kelvin
3222:ampere
3055:
2844:
2687:
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