126:, of the Smuggler-Union mine in Telluride; Charles Chase; Arthur Winslow, general manager of the Liberty Bell; A.D. Snodgrass, chief clerk of the Smuggler-Union mine; and several other mine operators were instrumental in forming the Colorado Mine Operators' Association. The motivating reason was a WFM union organizing drive in Telluride, and similar efforts in other parts of Colorado. Twenty-seven members started the group, many of them from Idaho Springs, where the WFM was strong.
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to monitor, infiltrate, and sabotage unions, or union organizing drives. The MOAs sometimes issued work cards to miners who were required to renounce the union as a condition of employment. State MOAs enabled blacklisting of union miners on a statewide basis. MOAs sometimes united to call upon state
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counties. The SJDMA granted itself the power to prevent any of its members from coming to an agreement with the miners' union that would accept reduced hours or increased wages. This inflexible decision helped to create conditions that resulted in a series of bitter and bloody strikes throughout
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companies, or groups of mining companies, into an association, established for the purpose of promoting the collective interests of the group. Such associations are sometimes referred to as MOAs, however, in some cases they may be designated by the state, district, or locale, such as the
Cripple
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Mine Owners' Associations were often formed for the purpose of fighting against union organizing drives, but smelter trusts and railroad syndicates were also a concern. These latter issues were complicated by the fact that some mine owners also controlled smelters and railroad lines.
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Association. In some publications, it is unclear whether a local or state-wide organization is indicated. Likewise, the
Colorado Mine Owners' Association coexisted for a time with the Colorado Mining Association. Hopefully, further research can clarify relationships and naming
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in
Leadville, Colorado, mine owners formed a secret verbal agreement among themselves that none of them would recognize the union or negotiate with it, an arrangement later revealed in a report by the Colorado State Legislature.
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had little power in confronting owners. Miners demanding better working conditions or wage increases were often fired. When local unions sought such changes, they were easily driven out of the mining districts.
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William
Philpott, The Lessons of Leadville, Colorado Historical Society, 1995, page 2, and page 97, in reference to the Report of the Joint Special Legislative Committee, 693.
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of 1903. However, the mining companies of the
Cripple Creek District were not completely united, even during the 1903-04 strike. As in Coeur d'Alene, mining companies in the
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of
Colorado formed the San Juan District Mining Association (SJDMA) in approximately 1903, as a direct result of a WFM proposal to the Telluride Mining Association for
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It appears that there has been considerable imprecision in historical accounts when identifying Mine Owners' Associations, and groupings sometimes overlapped.
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68:(WFM), local unions and protective associations formed by miners did not present much of a threat to the mine operators. Organizations such as the
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Mine owners went a step further and formed a Mine Owners' Association in response to union organizing in the mining district of
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The
Colorado Mining Association (CMA), had been established in 1876, and was incorporated in 1897, and still exists.
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In the late 1890s and 1900s, mine owners' associations were created in cities and states throughout the mining west.
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All That
Glitters — Class, Conflict, and Community in Cripple Creek, Elizabeth Jameson, 1998, page 220-221.
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The Corpse On
Boomerang Road, Telluride's War On Labor 1899-1908, MaryJoy Martin, 2004, pages 141-142.
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The Corpse On
Boomerang Road, Telluride's War On Labor 1899-1908, MaryJoy Martin, 2004, page 223.
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The Corpse On Boomerang Road, Telluride's War On Labor 1899-1908, MaryJoy Martin, 2004, page 201.
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The Corpse On Boomerang Road, Telluride's War On Labor 1899-1908, MaryJoy Martin, 2004, page 2.
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The Corpse On Boomerang Road, Telluride's War On Labor 1899-1908, MaryJoy Martin, 2004, page 2.
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The Corpse On Boomerang Road, Telluride's War On Labor 1899-1908, MaryJoy Martin, 2004, page 2.
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United States Department of Labor.gov: State Mining Organizations, Associations, and Societies
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William Philpott, The Lessons of Leadville, Colorado Historical Society, 1995, page 80.
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William Philpott, The Lessons of Leadville, Colorado Historical Society, 1995, page 22.
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Association, which may also be referred to in some documents as the Colorado Mine
96:(WFM) in 1893. The mining companies of Colorado similarly joined together during
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137:. The new association consolidated the power of thirty-six mining properties in
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violent confrontation between local miners' organizations and mining companies
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in Coeur d'Alene in 1892 served as the impetus for formation of the
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that made agreements with unions were shut down by military force.
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or federal authorities to send military force in the form of
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represents coal mining companies in negotiations with the
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Mining companies routinely hired agencies such as the
52:Creek District Mine Owners' Association (CCDMOA).
219:(NMA). The trade organization works through the
193:Cripple Creek District Mine Owners' Association
437:Trade associations based in the United States
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447:Miners' labor disputes in the United States
227:; and has more than 325 corporate members.
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78:strike of the Cloud City Miners' Union
432:Mining companies of the United States
232:Bituminous Coal Operators Association
183:Historic mining associations by state
179:or federal troops into strike areas.
98:a labor struggle with the WFM in 1894
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202:Colorado Mine Operators' Association
199:San Juan District Mining Association
160:Pinkerton National Detective Agency
47:, is the combination of individual
45:Mine Owners' Protective Association
39:), also sometimes referred to as a
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221:Advocacy Campaign Team for Mining
211:In 1995, mining companies in the
18:Mine Operators' Association
168:Thiel Detective Service Company
150:Colorado's mining communities.
236:United Mine Workers of America
164:Baldwin–Felts Detective Agency
154:Methods of dealing with unions
64:Prior to the formation of the
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357:"Colorado Mining Association"
215:joined together to form the
196:Telluride Mining Association
115:Colorado mining associations
94:Western Federation of Miners
66:Western Federation of Miners
442:Mining in the United States
253:Mining in the United States
217:National Mining Association
41:Mine Operators' Association
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207:Modern mining associations
427:Mining trade associations
372:Retrieved April 13, 2007.
129:Mining operators in the
33:Mine Owners' Association
131:San Juan mountain area
106:Cripple Creek District
452:Colorado Mining Boom
88:during the 1880s. A
86:Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
102:Colorado Labor Wars
76:During the 1896-97
135:the eight-hour day
124:Arthur L. Collins
100:, and during the
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276:Operators'
421:Categories
367:2007-04-14
259:References
170:to assign
139:San Miguel
272:Telluride
166:, or the
280:Owners'
242:See also
188:Colorado
147:San Juan
60:History
27:In the
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49:mining
143:Ouray
43:or a
230:The
31:, a
37:MOA
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35:(
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