44:
2437:
1688:
1683:
2473:
1639:
460:
2025:
1386:
2463:
540:
2478:
1284:
1115:
1619:
216:. There are discrepancies, however, as to the exact time of the cockcrow due to the fact that the ancient Romans set it at the start of the day.
2468:
2014:
1821:
2483:
1895:
514:
227:
to allow the Mass to be held outdoors because the church could not accommodate the large number of attendees at the evening celebration.
1624:
1339:
684:
212:, inspired by the midnight vigil, instituted the practice of a midnight Mass after the cockcrow in the grotto-like oratory of the famed
43:
1693:
1482:
1053:
879:
1955:
1870:
2095:
1890:
1785:
213:
406:. The name comes from the Spanish word for "Christmas box". The Masses are held for nine days and culminate on Christmas Eve.
262:
In Spain, locals begin
Christmas Eve by lighting small oil lamps in every home, then proceed to church to hear Midnight Mass.
1799:
1182:
961:
1720:
1507:
1502:
1016:
807:
190:
1875:
1579:
1125:
468:
202:
787:
322:. It traditionally begins on December 16 and ends on December 24. In most parts of Philippines, however, the term "
2031:
2020:
1940:
1792:
1713:
1532:
1289:
1177:
891:
852:
266:
544:
2047:
1833:
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874:
706:
592:
1172:
331:
1995:
1980:
1915:
1865:
1860:
1769:
1750:
1634:
1354:
903:
677:
270:
1925:
1549:
1492:
1037:
741:
1827:
1599:
1497:
1244:
847:
780:
618:
566:
2010:
1965:
1614:
1589:
1554:
1544:
1539:
1517:
1304:
1274:
1229:
1204:
1985:
1960:
1900:
1806:
1772:
1740:
1629:
1609:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1564:
1522:
1512:
996:
812:
134:
2440:
1945:
1559:
1442:
1381:
1376:
1359:
1319:
827:
734:
670:
518:
2100:
2090:
1950:
1855:
1761:
1706:
1403:
1269:
1249:
1162:
971:
898:
869:
857:
720:
349:
107:
2273:
2131:
2060:
2005:
1990:
1775:
1462:
1432:
1334:
1324:
1259:
1075:
976:
489:
307:
178:
144:
126:
2070:
2388:
2268:
2226:
2206:
2191:
1910:
1905:
1885:
1678:
1661:
1651:
1437:
1369:
1329:
1264:
1214:
1147:
832:
269:, a Benedictine monastery built on the steep cliffs of the Montserrat mountain range. The
243:
209:
182:
70:
1105:
1001:
285:
Mass, and the celebration is followed by a sit-down meal featuring a traditional bowl of
2319:
2181:
2126:
2000:
1930:
1880:
1727:
1447:
1415:
1409:
1299:
1239:
1080:
1048:
986:
956:
886:
383:
361:
265:
The most popular of these holy services is in the Basílica de
Montserrat also known as
158:
273:, Europe's oldest boys' choir known for their angelic voices, graces the celebration.
2457:
2383:
2304:
2242:
1349:
1344:
1224:
1219:
1142:
864:
822:
775:
727:
327:
282:
247:
224:
162:
154:
112:
80:
436:
2378:
2326:
2161:
1920:
1420:
1294:
951:
842:
802:
748:
416:
353:
298:
2408:
2085:
2080:
372:
In Puerto Rico, locals celebrate Mass by singing
Christmas songs, which they call
2418:
2393:
2314:
2294:
2289:
2263:
2216:
2196:
2146:
1527:
1314:
1254:
1234:
1194:
1189:
1110:
1060:
357:
251:
2156:
2121:
1970:
1457:
1398:
1364:
1157:
1137:
1090:
1085:
981:
946:
936:
713:
378:
201:. This was followed by a torchlight procession to Jerusalem, arriving at the
17:
2398:
2186:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2141:
1467:
1100:
1095:
1070:
1026:
966:
817:
693:
315:
198:
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186:
166:
2221:
1393:
643:
2412:
2403:
2357:
2201:
2075:
1975:
1472:
1426:
1167:
1021:
1006:
941:
926:
915:
177:
The tradition of midnight Mass on
Christmas Eve was first chronicled by
2347:
2342:
2247:
2211:
2136:
2105:
1152:
991:
931:
797:
220:
27:
Name for the
Catholic Mass celebrated around midnight of Christmas Eve
2352:
2309:
2299:
1935:
1813:
1309:
1279:
1065:
1011:
792:
345:
2151:
837:
289:. It is a stew made of chicken with peas, carrots, and potatoes.
2373:
2037:
755:
666:
541:"Misa de Gallo or Misa de Aguinaldo – What's the difference?"
662:
219:
In 1587, the head priest of the Church of San
Agustin de
593:"PH X'mas symbols, practices trace roots to Spanish era"
376:. The more religious versions of these songs are called
197:
honored the
Christmas mystery with a midnight vigil at
402:
is only one of a series of Masses held at dawn called
242:
is still observed today, mostly by
Spanish-speaking
2366:
2335:
2282:
2256:
2235:
2114:
2059:
2046:
1844:
1739:
1650:
1481:
1203:
1124:
1035:
912:
766:
102:
94:
86:
76:
66:
56:
34:
437:"A Zenith Daily Dispatch: 3 Masses on Christmas"
165:and sometimes in the days immediately preceding
539:Lilia Borlongan - Alvarez (December 15, 2013).
326:" specifically only refers to the last mass on
678:
8:
348:procession, as well as a reenactment of the
2056:
685:
671:
663:
490:"Spain – Christmas traditions and customs"
42:
31:
2474:Nativity of Jesus in worship and liturgy
428:
334:, the series of masses is also called
223:in Mexico, Diego de Soria, petitioned
185:woman who went on a pilgrimage to the
2015:Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus
7:
619:"'Lubenas' is alive in Angeles City"
617:Orejas, Tonette (14 December 2012).
567:"Misa de Gallo is not the dawn mass"
157:celebrated in Spain and many former
644:"Puerto Rican Christmas Traditions"
2464:Catholic Church in the Philippines
189:around 381. She witnessed how the
25:
2479:Latin religious words and phrases
543:. Manila Bulletin. Archived from
2436:
2435:
1891:Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004
1786:Old Santeclaus with Much Delight
214:Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore
591:Tan, Nigel (17 December 2016).
310:for "Night Mass"), also called
1871:Bronner's Christmas Wonderland
1800:Christmas Day in the Workhouse
1183:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
962:Legend of the Christmas Spider
344:is associated with a nine-day
1:
1822:Christmas television specials
1721:The New Oxford Book of Carols
808:Annunciation to the shepherds
2469:Christmas in the Philippines
1876:Christmas and holiday season
461:"Going to Mass at Christmas"
2484:Mass in the Catholic Church
129:for "Rooster's Mass", also
2500:
788:Adoration of the Shepherds
465:Filipinas Heritage Library
296:
203:Church of the Resurrection
2431:
2032:WWE Tribute to the Troops
1793:A Visit from St. Nicholas
1714:The Oxford Book of Carols
1290:Feast of the Seven Fishes
853:Massacre of the Innocents
702:
623:Philippine Daily Inquirer
571:Philippine Daily Inquirer
267:Santa Maria de Montserrat
41:
1834:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
494:The History of Christmas
1996:Small Business Saturday
1866:Black Friday (shopping)
1861:Black Friday (partying)
1355:Nine Lessons and Carols
1285:Events and celebrations
386:inspiration are called
271:Escolania de Montserrat
1640:Post-War United States
515:"Christmas in Bolivia"
332:Zamboangueño Chavacano
314:("gift mass"), is the
234:in different countries
208:Half a century later,
48:Altar decorated for a
1689:Hit singles in the US
1684:Hit singles in the UK
1245:Carols by Candlelight
1173:Santa Claus' daughter
781:Adoration of the Magi
133:, "Shepherds' Mass;"
1981:Santa's Candy Castle
1305:Google Santa Tracker
547:on December 24, 2014
382:and the ones with a
336:Misa de los Pastores
131:Misa de los Pastores
1986:Santa Claus Village
1901:Christmas Mountains
1807:Journey of the Magi
813:Baptism of the Lord
350:search for lodgings
2096:Twelve-dish supper
1946:Jews and Christmas
1896:Christmas Lectures
1625:American Civil War
1360:NORAD Tracks Santa
736:Saint Nicholas Day
573:. 19 December 2012
398:In Venezuela, the
2451:
2450:
2427:
2426:
2091:Thirteen desserts
2011:Virginia O'Hanlon
1856:Advent Conspiracy
1770:Films (Christmas,
1762:A Christmas Carol
1707:Carols for Choirs
1250:Cavalcade of Magi
1230:Boar's Head Feast
899:Star of Bethlehem
870:Nativity of Jesus
858:flight into Egypt
743:St. Stephen's Day
404:Misa de Aguinaldo
388:décimas navideñas
356:and the pregnant
312:Misa de Aguinaldo
281:Bolivians attend
238:The tradition of
118:
117:
108:Misa de Aguinaldo
16:(Redirected from
2491:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2274:Redcurrant sauce
2063:
2057:
2052:
2026:Winter festivals
1776:Christmas horror
1743:
1654:
1485:
1340:Meals and feasts
1260:Christmas jumper
1207:
1178:Santa's reindeer
1130:
1076:Father Christmas
1040:
997:Santa's workshop
918:
880:in later culture
758:
751:
744:
737:
730:
723:
716:
709:
696:
687:
680:
673:
664:
658:
657:
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631:
629:
614:
608:
607:
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603:
588:
582:
581:
579:
578:
563:
557:
556:
554:
552:
536:
530:
529:
527:
526:
517:. Archived from
510:
504:
503:
501:
500:
486:
480:
479:
477:
476:
467:. Archived from
457:
451:
450:
448:
447:
433:
287:picana del pollo
159:Spanish colonies
67:Observed by
46:
32:
21:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2441:
2423:
2389:Pickled herring
2362:
2331:
2278:
2269:Cranberry sauce
2252:
2231:
2207:Red velvet cake
2192:Poppy seed roll
2110:
2061:
2050:
2048:
2042:
2021:White Christmas
1911:Christmas truce
1906:Christmas seals
1886:Christmas creep
1848:
1846:
1840:
1741:
1735:
1652:
1646:
1483:
1477:
1330:Lord of Misrule
1265:Christmas Peace
1215:Advent calendar
1205:
1199:
1148:Knecht Ruprecht
1128:
1126:
1120:
1042:
1038:
1031:
920:
916:
908:
833:Herod the Great
768:
762:
756:
749:
742:
735:
728:
721:
714:
707:
698:
694:
691:
661:
652:
650:
642:
641:
637:
627:
625:
616:
615:
611:
601:
599:
590:
589:
585:
576:
574:
565:
564:
560:
550:
548:
538:
537:
533:
524:
522:
513:Draper, Faith.
512:
511:
507:
498:
496:
488:
487:
483:
474:
472:
459:
458:
454:
445:
443:
435:
434:
430:
426:
412:
396:
370:
318:version of the
301:
295:
279:
260:
236:
210:Pope Sixtus III
191:early Catholics
175:
111:
103:Related to
71:Roman Catholics
62:Shepherd's Mass
61:
52:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2497:
2495:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2456:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2432:
2429:
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2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2320:Smoking Bishop
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2054:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2008:
2003:
2001:Super Saturday
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1931:Giving Tuesday
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1881:Christmas club
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1779:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1758:
1747:
1745:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1728:Piae Cantiones
1724:
1717:
1710:
1700:
1694:Music charts (
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1658:
1656:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
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1542:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
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1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
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1445:
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1435:
1430:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
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1389:
1379:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1163:Père Fouettard
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1134:
1132:
1129:Saint Nicholas
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1081:Grandpa Indian
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1049:Saint Nicholas
1045:
1043:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
987:Old Man Winter
984:
979:
974:
972:Miner's figure
969:
964:
959:
957:Kallikantzaros
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
923:
921:
913:
910:
909:
907:
906:
901:
896:
895:
894:
887:Nativity scene
884:
883:
882:
877:
867:
862:
861:
860:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
784:
783:
772:
770:
764:
763:
761:
760:
753:
746:
739:
732:
725:
722:Children's Day
718:
711:
708:Blue Christmas
703:
700:
699:
692:
690:
689:
682:
675:
667:
660:
659:
635:
609:
583:
558:
531:
505:
481:
452:
427:
425:
422:
421:
420:
411:
408:
395:
392:
369:
366:
297:Main article:
294:
291:
278:
275:
259:
256:
244:Roman Catholic
235:
229:
174:
171:
150:Missa del gall
116:
115:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:Rooster's Mass
58:
54:
53:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2496:
2485:
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2444:
2434:
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2430:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:Meat and fish
2365:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2305:Hot chocolate
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2006:Ugly sweaters
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1916:Controversies
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
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246:countries in
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18:Missa do Galo
2379:Gefilte fish
2327:Ponche crema
2162:Melomakarono
2030:
1921:Cyber Monday
1826:
1791:
1760:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1702:Music books
1695:
1533:Nazi Germany
1425:
1421:Secret Santa
1408:
1295:Flying Santa
1002:Tió de Nadal
952:Korvatunturi
803:Annunciation
769:Christianity
750:Sol Invictus
651:. Retrieved
647:
638:
626:. Retrieved
622:
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600:. Retrieved
596:
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551:December 24,
549:. Retrieved
545:the original
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519:the original
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342:Simbang Gabi
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77:Significance
49:
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29:
2394:Roast goose
2315:Mulled wine
2295:Champurrado
2290:Apple cider
2264:Bread sauce
2217:Szaloncukor
2197:Pumpkin pie
2147:Gingerbread
2101:Smörgåsbord
1742:Other media
1580:Philippines
1570:New Zealand
1453:Twelve Days
1410:Räuchermann
1365:Nutcrackers
1315:Las Posadas
1275:Decorations
1255:Christingle
1195:Zwarte Piet
1190:Snegurochka
1111:Sinterklaas
1061:Santa Claus
379:villancicos
362:Panunulúyan
358:Virgin Mary
293:Philippines
252:Philippines
250:and in the
98:December 24
90:December 16
57:Also called
2458:Categories
2122:Candy cane
2071:Joulupöytä
1971:Pikkujoulu
1635:New Mexico
1484:By country
1458:Wassailing
1399:Poinsettia
1206:Traditions
1158:Mrs. Claus
1138:Belsnickel
1091:Julemanden
1086:Joulupukki
1017:Wenceslaus
982:North Pole
947:Jack Frost
937:Christkind
892:Neapolitan
715:Boxing Day
653:2013-06-02
648:El Boricua
628:2 December
602:1 December
577:2013-06-02
525:2013-06-02
499:2013-06-02
475:2013-06-02
446:2013-06-02
424:References
374:aguinaldos
135:Portuguese
2409:Tourtière
2399:Romeritos
2336:Dumplings
2283:Beverages
2187:Pecan pie
2177:Panettone
2172:Pampushka
2167:Mince pie
2142:Fruitcake
2086:Réveillon
1966:NFL games
1961:NBA games
1956:In August
1926:Economics
1696:Billboard
1550:Indonesia
1493:Australia
1468:Yule goat
1443:Stockings
1377:Ornaments
1106:Père Noël
1101:Olentzero
1096:Noel Baba
1071:Ded Moroz
1027:Yule Lads
967:Mari Lwyd
818:Bethlehem
695:Christmas
394:Venezuela
205:at dawn.
199:Bethlehem
195:Jerusalem
187:Holy Land
167:Christmas
153:) is the
2442:Category
2413:meat pie
2404:Stuffing
2358:Varenyky
2227:Yule log
2202:Qurabiya
2076:Julebord
2049:Food and
1976:SantaCon
1941:El Gordo
1828:Yule Log
1600:Scotland
1513:Ethiopia
1498:Colombia
1473:Yule log
1427:Spanbaum
1404:Pyramids
1270:Crackers
1168:Sack Man
1054:folklore
1022:Yule cat
927:Badalisc
917:folklore
828:Epiphany
410:See also
316:Filipino
183:Galician
2348:Pierogi
2343:Hallaca
2248:Borscht
2212:Stollen
2182:Pavlova
2157:Makówki
2137:Cozonac
2106:Wigilia
1991:Scrooge
1951:In July
1849:society
1781:Poetry
1615:Ukraine
1590:Romania
1555:Ireland
1545:Iceland
1540:Hungary
1528:Germany
1518:Finland
1508:England
1503:Denmark
1463:Windows
1394:Piñatas
1382:Parades
1335:Markets
1320:Letters
1310:Hampers
1153:Krampus
992:Perchta
932:Caganer
597:Rappler
384:Criollo
308:Tagalog
277:Bolivia
221:Acolman
173:History
145:Catalan
127:Spanish
2419:Turkey
2353:Tamale
2310:Kissel
2300:Eggnog
2257:Sauces
2243:Menudo
2222:Turrón
2132:Cookie
2115:Sweets
2081:Kūčios
2062:Dinner
1936:Grinch
1847:modern
1814:Tomten
1773:Santa,
1756:novels
1674:Operas
1662:Carols
1630:Hawaii
1610:Sweden
1605:Serbia
1595:Russia
1585:Poland
1575:Norway
1565:Mexico
1523:France
1438:Stamps
1433:Szopka
1325:Lights
1280:Didukh
1116:Others
1066:Befana
1012:Vertep
875:in art
843:Joseph
793:Advent
354:Joseph
346:novena
179:Egeria
87:Begins
2152:Kutia
2051:drink
1679:Songs
1653:Music
1560:Italy
1416:Seals
1370:dolls
1300:Gifts
1240:Cards
1143:Elves
1007:Turoń
977:Nisse
942:Grýla
838:Jesus
330:. In
258:Spain
2374:Carp
2236:Soup
2127:Cake
2038:Xmas
1667:list
1448:Tree
1387:list
848:Mary
757:Yule
630:2020
604:2020
553:2014
441:EWTN
181:, a
95:Ends
2384:Ham
914:In
352:by
338:.
193:of
161:on
2460::
2017:")
2013:("
1845:In
767:In
646:.
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306:(
125:(
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