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director in support of the idea, "We suggest, Mr. Albright, that you add to your already splendid services the inclusion of the
Mission Range of mountains... Truly we possess here not the 'garden of Eden,' but that being lost only in myth and tradition we have a most fitting substitute 'The Garden of
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A view of the area at that time would have been majestic, with large glaciers flowing around both sides and partially over the range. Smaller glaciers would have also flowed out of the mountains and joined the larger one in the valley. This explains the southward pointed, hook-shaped ridges at the
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Eon, towards the end of what is called
Precambrian time. Because they are so old, the only evidence of life in the rocks is algae blooms and very basic plant fossils. These organisms played, however, the important role of converting carbon dioxide in the water into oxygen that was pumped into the
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ends late in the high country and even in the beginning of July hikers will often find high passes and lakes snow-covered and wet. Snow starts to fly as early as
October and hiking season is over by the end of the month. Winter recreation is best in the spring months. June is wet, but between
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The first major protective action for the
Mission Range came on October 21, 1931 when 67,000 acres of land along the east side of the Mission Divide were classified as the Mission Mountains Primitive Area. The Great Pacific Railway Company owned 30 percent of this land at the time of the
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Era, is when the area began to look much like it does today. Looking at the globe at that time, the continents would have been about where they are today and plant and animal life would be recognizable. At that time, however, the deep valleys of western
Montana would not yet have formed.
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the
Rockies.'" The park service sent a team to study the region during the summer of 1937, but in the end they rejected the proposal, writing, "the Flathead would be of special value in the National Park system if this section were not already fairly well represented by Glacier Park."
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The southern end of the
Mission Mountains includes a large grizzly bear protection area which is usually closed to hikers from July thru September. This allows the bears to feed on lady bugs and cut worms, and attempts to keep bear-human contact to a minimum.
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The formation of the
Flathead Lobe of the Alberta Cordilleran ice sheet is what set this history into motion. At its thickest points, the Flathead Lobe glacier may have extended 4,000 feet above the valley floor. The glacier reached hundreds of miles down the
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The range has about 45 miles of official trails. Trails are often cut through the rougher terrain. People wishing to take horses into the range need to consult the
Flathead National Forest requirements, which include hay restrictions and other rules.
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Lakes found in the range include: Ashley Lakes, Cold Lakes, Lake of the Stars, Lost Sheep Lake, Lucifer Lake, McDonald Lake (reservoir), Mud Lakes, Mullman Lakes, Rainbow Lake, Schwarz Lake, Summit Lake, and
Terrace Lake, among others.
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formed almost uniformly throughout the region, most trending northwest to southeast. The blocks then broke up, some dropping and creating valleys like the Flathead and the Swan. In all, the whole process took around 100 million years.
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The first major outside attention to the Mission Mountains came in the 1920s. Forest service employee Theodore Shoemaker led several parties of visitors thorough the range between 1922 and 1924, one of which included members of the
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are required to carry a valid tribal lands-usage permit, which can easily be obtained at local sporting goods stores. The pass is good for one year and allows access to the east side of the Mission Range, stretches of the
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during its formation. Hematite is formed by iron particles' reaction to oxygen in the atmosphere. Green and gray stones found in the Missions were most likely formed in deep water, the red in more shallow water.
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is designated as a wilderness area. The wilderness area is in the Swan Lake Ranger District. The 73,877-acre wilderness (29,897 ha) was designation on Jan. 4, 1975 and is managed under the
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Three million years ago, at the end of the Cenozoic Era, western Montana would have been full of tall mountains, but it was the next geologic process that made them what they are today. Large
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This development is believed to have come about 40 million years ago as the extensional forces that caused the uplift of the Rockies began to cause the crust to thin and crack. Near-vertical
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collected sediments from surrounding areas for millions of years. The basin was eventually buried and later re-exposed through the collision of several
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A few major peaks in the Mission Mountains include: Daughter-of-the-Sun Mountain, Flat-Top, Glacier Peak, Gray Wolf Peak, Kakashe Mountain,
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Recorded human contact with the Mission Mountains began with the native peoples thousands of years ago and runs up to the present. The
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is very brittle and not a very reliable handhold. In the daytime it can be very hot, but nights are very cold, so pack accordingly.
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The Pleistocene was a time of dramatic and quick sculpting in the Mission Mountains. And though that epoch has ended, the
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is also found all over the slopes of the Mission Mountains in the mid-to-late summer. They are a favorite for hikers and
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Epoch. Since then, ending just 10,000 years ago, the Mission Mountains and their surroundings have been shaped by water.
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A view of Mullman Lakes in the Mission Mountains in western Montana. Out of the frame, to the right is Mount Calowahcan.
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In the 1930s, the Mission Mountains were considered for inclusion in a proposed national park in the area south of
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These processes also gave the Mission Mountains their distinct shapes. The many three-sided peaks, called horns or
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The Mission Mountains have several overlapping protection areas. Much of the Mission Mountain Range is within the
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The terrain, especially in the south is very steep and trails are not always kept clear. The 1.5-billion-year-old
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continues. Rain, snow, ice, wind, and other forces continue to work at the alpine landscape of the Missions.
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As most of the Mission Mountains fall under special protection, land use is limited largely to recreation.
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can be found in much of the rock; they would have formed mostly in shallow water with gentle waves.
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in this group formed between 1.47 and 1.4 billion years ago in the Belt Basin. The roughly circular
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Several spectacular waterfalls grace the western slope of the Missions, in the Tribal Wilderness
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Further stories about the Mission Mountains and the surrounding area can be found in the book,
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Looking towards McDonald Peak, high point of the Mission Mountains, rising above McDonald Lake
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This article is about the mountain range in Montana. For other places with similar names, see
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The best time to hike in the Mission Mountains is between the beginning of July and October.
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Much of the Belt Rock found in the Mission Mountains is a crumbly sedimentary rock known as
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The color of the mudstone in the Missions has much to do with the presence of the mineral
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794:(formally Mt. Harding), Mountaineer Peak, Sonyelm, and West and East St. Mary's Peaks.
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classification, which was exchanged over the course of years for other land in the
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have all been spotted in the range. Smaller animals found in the Missions include
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The Mission Mountains are composed largely of what is called "Belt Rock" from the
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Most of the range is also part of the Flathead National Forest, under which the
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the locations of several peaks, which led to the first map of the high country.
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February and May one can do some great winter camping, snowshoeing and skiing.
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began to form in the area 2–3 million years ago; this was the beginning of the
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The features of the Mission Mountains strongly reflect work of the last few
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at 9,820 feet (2,990 m). The range is named for its proximity to the
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Most of the rock in the Mission Mountains hails from the end of the
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A Freak Preserved by an Accident, The Creation of Flathead Lake
1083:"What's happening with the glaciers in the Mission Mountains?"
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Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation
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Because the range is a protected wilderness area, motorized
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people have traditionally used the mountains as a place for
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super-continent. As the continents began to spread out, the
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A trailside view, Mission Mountains, north of Rainbow Lake
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Non-tribal members passing through land belonging to the
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Traxler, Victoria; Amestoy, Austin (October 26, 2023).
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Up in the higher reaches of the Missions one finds the
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Mountains Ranges and Peaks in Missoula County, Montana
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Mission Mountains viewed from the National Bison Range
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1043:Dilsaver, Lary M.; Wyckoff, William (Autumn 2009).
1005:Dilsaver, Lary M.; Wyckoff, William (Autumn 2009).
436:Commercial Club president J. L. Jones wrote to the
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383:Mission Mountains as seen from Leighton Road near
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1045:"Failed National Parks in the Last Best Place"
1007:"Failed National Parks in the Last Best Place"
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191:The highest point in the Mission Mountains is
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860:"Montana's Earth Science Picture of the Week"
27:A mountain range in the U.S. state of Montana
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1144:Valley Journal article: Mission Valley Fault
924:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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304:About 66 million years ago, this process of
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573:The Mission Mountains have a wide range of
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982:. GORP.com. April 29, 2002. Archived from
168:in the United States. They lie chiefly in
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864:Slabs of Belt Rocks Tell of Ancient Basin
249:acidic and poorly oxygenated atmosphere.
188:and on the west side the Mission Valley.
1117:. Stoneydale Press Publishing Company.
1049:Montana The Magazine of Western History
1011:Montana The Magazine of Western History
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519:Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
184:. On the east side of the range is the
941:"History and Geology of Flathead Lake"
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1855:Landforms of Missoula County, Montana
308:began to slow. This time, called the
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808:List of mountain ranges in Montana
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1850:Landforms of Lake County, Montana
353:end of each canyon in the range.
32:Mission Mountain (disambiguation)
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1380:Regional designations of Montana
538:and under the management of the
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54:
1114:Indian Trails and Grizzly Tales
900:"Flathead Watershed Sourcebook"
866:. Rod Benson. February 21, 2006
980:"Mission Mountains Wilderness"
454:In the Shadows of the Missions
1:
1845:Ranges of the Rocky Mountains
419:Great Pacific Railway Company
230:around 80 million years ago.
547:Mission Mountains Wilderness
490:, three- and four-wheelers,
84:9,820 ft (2,990 m)
703:found in the range are the
536:Flathead Indian Reservation
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1840:Mountain ranges of Montana
1139:Summit Post: McDonald Peak
301:and thereby the Missions.
176:and are south and east of
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1222:Congressional delegations
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688:Western Montana's famous
345:, ending as far south as
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1111:Buddy Cheff Sr. (1994).
828:"McDonald Peak, Montana"
447:Flathead National Forest
164:located in northwestern
904:Geology of the Flathead
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635:yellow-bellied marmots
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551:Wilderness Act of 1964
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325:Pleistocene glaciation
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112:47.38278°N 113.91917°W
1375:Glacier National Park
947:. The Flathead Lakers
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460:Hiking and Recreation
438:National Park Service
430:Glacier National Park
347:St. Ignatius, Montana
343:Rocky Mountain Trench
272:
204:St. Ignatius, Montana
1087:Montana Public Radio
906:. Flathead Watershed
761:Rocky Mountain maple
287:North American Plate
200:St. Ignatius Mission
117:47.38278; -113.91917
1286:Tourist attractions
1274:The Last Best Place
526:, and other areas.
502:are not permitted.
160:are a range of the
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1820:Montana portal
986:on August 17, 2010
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721:western white pine
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186:Swan River Valley
66:Highest point
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1124:978-0-912299-54-9
709:western red cedar
591:white-tailed deer
293:as it went. This
220:sedimentary rocks
154:Mission Mountains
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42:Mission Mountains
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299:Rocky Mountains
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216:Belt Supergroup
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174:Missoula County
162:Rocky Mountains
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49:"The Missions"
47:Mission Range
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158:Mission Range
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18:Mission Range
1811:
1711:Powder River
1636:Judith Basin
1370:The Flathead
1322:Demographics
1247:bibliography
1192:
1113:
1090:. Retrieved
1086:
1076:
1066:February 10,
1064:. Retrieved
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1048:
1038:
1028:February 10,
1026:. Retrieved
1014:
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984:the original
949:. Retrieved
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939:Alt, David.
934:
908:. Retrieved
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259:Ripple marks
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36:
1801:Yellowstone
1766:Sweet Grass
1686:Musselshell
1448:Great Falls
1390:Yellowstone
1347:LGBT rights
1092:October 27,
837:October 29,
729:limber pine
713:douglas fir
690:huckleberry
603:black bears
492:snowmobiles
488:motorcycles
484:trail bikes
335:Pleistocene
246:Proterozoic
170:Lake County
115: /
103:113°55′09″W
90:Coordinates
1834:Categories
1761:Stillwater
1756:Silver Bow
1581:Deer Lodge
1541:Broadwater
1526:Beaverhead
1488:Miles City
1483:Livingston
1232:Government
814:References
741:alpine fir
295:subduction
182:Swan Range
100:47°22′58″N
1791:Wheatland
1736:Roosevelt
1696:Petroleum
1631:Jefferson
1508:Whitefish
1478:Lewistown
1468:Kalispell
1332:Education
1237:Governors
1227:Geography
1197:(capital)
1055:(3): 17.
1017:(3): 16.
951:March 30,
910:March 30,
870:March 30,
745:grand fir
655:porcupine
615:wolverine
583:Mule deer
239:mudcracks
128:Geography
80:Elevation
1781:Treasure
1751:Sheridan
1731:Richland
1701:Phillips
1681:Missoula
1606:Garfield
1601:Gallatin
1596:Flathead
1561:Chouteau
1531:Big Horn
1518:Counties
1493:Missoula
1453:Hamilton
1443:Glendive
1418:Billings
1413:Belgrade
1408:Anaconda
1342:Politics
1337:Gun laws
1307:Cannabis
1302:Abortion
1061:40543651
1023:40543651
920:cite web
802:See also
651:squirrel
647:chipmunk
477:mudstone
403:Kootenai
387:in 2010.
331:glaciers
310:Cenozoic
279:ice ages
254:hematite
235:mudstone
1746:Sanders
1741:Rosebud
1726:Ravalli
1721:Prairie
1706:Pondera
1676:Mineral
1671:Meagher
1661:Madison
1656:Lincoln
1651:Liberty
1621:Granite
1611:Glacier
1571:Daniels
1556:Cascade
1423:Bozeman
1357:Regions
1327:Economy
1317:Culture
1295:Society
1242:History
1184:Montana
696:alike.
659:muskrat
623:bobcats
561:Ecology
411:hunting
407:fishing
365:erosion
283:Pangaea
210:Geology
166:Montana
145:Montana
133:Country
1796:Wibaux
1786:Valley
1716:Powell
1666:McCone
1591:Fergus
1586:Fallon
1576:Dawson
1566:Custer
1551:Carter
1546:Carbon
1536:Blaine
1503:Sidney
1498:Polson
1473:Laurel
1463:Helena
1438:Dillon
1264:Sports
1254:People
1204:Topics
1194:Helena
1121:
1059:
1021:
759:, and
681:, and
679:weasel
675:marten
671:beaver
663:badger
619:lynxes
611:coyote
469:Winter
399:Salish
318:faults
306:uplift
265:Uplift
218:. The
197:Jesuit
1776:Toole
1771:Teton
1458:Havre
1428:Butte
1312:Crime
1212:Index
1180:State
1057:JSTOR
1019:JSTOR
757:alder
701:trees
667:skunk
599:moose
579:fauna
575:flora
434:Ronan
224:basin
141:State
1691:Park
1641:Lake
1626:Hill
1119:ISBN
1094:2023
1068:2021
1030:2021
992:2010
953:2011
926:link
912:2011
872:2011
839:2010
683:mink
643:pika
625:and
577:and
498:and
401:and
172:and
152:The
71:Peak
1182:of
587:elk
156:or
1836::
1085:.
1053:59
1051:.
1047:.
1015:59
1013:.
1009:.
961:^
943:.
922:}}
918:{{
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677:,
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494:,
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928:)
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874:.
841:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
