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also permits former
Anglican bishops received into full communion and subsequently ordained to the order of presbyter in the Catholic Church to obtain permission to use pontifical insignia as a mark of recognition of their previous ministry (they also may be admitted to the national or regional episcopal conference with status equivalent to that of retired Catholic bishops), but former Anglican bishops typically have not requested permission to use pontifical insignia under this provision.
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659:. In the Roman Catholic Church, the use of the mitre above the shield on the personal arms of clergy was suppressed in 1969, and is now found only on some corporate arms, like those of dioceses. Previously, the mitre was often included under the hat, and even in the arms of a cardinal, the mitre was not entirely displaced. In heraldry the mitre is always shown in
992:
1116:
805:
614:('precious') is decorated with precious stones and gold and worn on the principal Mass on the most solemn Sundays (except in Lent) and feast days. This type of mitre is rarely decorated with precious stones today, and the designs have become more varied, simple and original, often merely being in the liturgical colour of the day.
908:, who adopted it from the tradition of the Patriarch of Constantinople. Initially, it was only worn by the Patriarch of Moscow, but it was soon adopted by the rest of the bishops, and a council in 1675 mandated the mitre for all bishops, following the Greek custom. Mitres were also given to some
576:
and to a new abbot during the Rite of
Blessing of an Abbot. In the case of a person who is canonically equivalent to a diocesan bishop but does not receive episcopal ordination, this presentation normally occurs during a public installation as the ordinary of his jurisdiction. Catholic ecclesial law
706:
was the last pope to date to begin his papal reign with a formal coronation in June 1963. However, as a sign of the perceived need for greater simplification of the papal rites, as well as the changing nature of the papacy itself, he abandoned the use of his tiara in a dramatic ceremony in Saint
1092:
Militarily, this headdress came in different styles. The
Prussian style had a cone-shaped brass or white metal front with a cloth rear having lace braiding; the Russian style initially consisted of a tall brass plate atop of a leather cap with a peak at the rear, although the German model was
667:) are of the same colour. It has been asserted that before the reformation, a distinction was used to be drawn between the mitre of a bishop and an abbot by the omission of the infulae in the abbot's arms. In England and France it was usual to place the mitre of an abbot slightly in profile.
1084:
in various northern
European armies wore a mitre (usually called a "mitre cap") similar in outline to those worn by western bishops. As first adopted in the 1680s this cap had been worn instead of the usual broad-brimmed hat to avoid the headdress being knocked off when the soldier threw a
494:, or frigium, a conical cap worn in the Graeco-Roman world. In the 10th century the tiara was pictured on papal coins." Other sources claim the tiara developed the other way around, from the mitre. In the late Empire it developed into the closed type of Imperial
903:
bishops wore hats with a fringe, but not a mitre. This is in contrast to
Constantinople and most other Orthodox clergy who did not wear any headgear, and might be accounted for by the cold temperatures in Russia. The mitre was first appeared in Russia with
618:
The proper colour of a mitre is always white, although in liturgical usage white also includes vestments made from gold and silver fabrics. The embroidered bands and other ornaments which adorn a mitre and the lappets may be of other colours and often are.
928:
as mark of special distinction. In 1988, the Holy Synod of the
Russian Church decided that the mitres of all bishops would be topped with a cross, which until then was reserved for the Patriarch (also granted to the metropolitan of Kiev starting in 1686).
720:, a precedent followed by his three successors. Pope John Paul II's 1996 Apostolic Constitution left open several options by not specifying what sort of ceremony was to be used, other than that some ceremony would be held to inaugurate a new pontificate.
864:
who was accused of copying the
Catholic pope in wearing a mitre. In 1585 a Russian envoy witnessed the patriarchs of Constantinople, Alexandria, and Jerusalem celebrated the divine liturgy together and only the Alexandrian patriarch wore a mitre.
746:
832:
Orthodox bishops started wearing mitres around the 16th or 17th century, but the date of adoption is disputed. The use of headgear of any kind by the
Byzantine church was a late development, and before the 1500s they wore no headgear.
1093:
subsequently adopted. The
British style—usually simply called a "grenadier cap" instead of a mitre—had a tall cloth front with elaborate regimental embroidery forward of a sloping red back, lined in white. Some German and Russian
715:
made it clear the tiara had not been abolished: in the constitution he made provision for his successor to receive a coronation. Pope John Paul I, however, declined to follow Paul VI's constitution and opted for a simpler
572:, cardinals, and those canonically equivalent to diocesan bishops who do not receive episcopal ordination. The principal celebrant presents the mitre and other pontifical insignia to a newly ordained bishop during the
654:
placed atop a helmet, as was common in German heraldry. In the
Anglican Churches, the Church of Sweden, and the Lutheran Church of Finland, the mitre is still placed above the arms of bishops instead of the
895:
imperial crown. Together with other imperial-derived vestements like the sakkos, the crown-like mitre embodied the regality and richness of the defunct empire, of which the bishops inherited the legacy.
726:
1089:. The hand grenade in its primitive form had become obsolete by the mid-18th century but grenadiers continued as elite troops in most European armies, usually retaining the mitre cap as a distinction.
765:
694:. Prior to Benedict XVI, each pope's coat of arms always contained the image of the papal tiara and St. Peter's crossed keys, even though the tiara had fallen into disuse, especially under popes
824:. Therefore, it too is ultimately based on the older καμιλαύκιον although it diverged from the secular headdress at a much later date, after it had already undergone further development.
607:
is of plain gold cloth or white silk with gold, silver or coloured embroidered bands; when seen today it is usually worn by bishops when they preside at the celebration of the sacraments.
588:('simple', referring to the materials used) is made of undecorated white linen or silk and its white lappets traditionally end in red fringes. It is worn most notably at funerals,
1112:. The British Army made this change in 1765 and the Prussian Army in 1790. All Russian grenadiers continued however to wear mitre caps until 1805, even when on active service.
1653:
Patrologiæ cursus completus: seu, Bibliotheca universalis, integra, uniformis, commoda, oeconomica omnium SS. patrum, doctorum, scriptorumque ecclesiasticorum. Series græca
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Worn by a bishop, the mitre is depicted for the first time in two miniatures of the beginning of the eleventh century. The first written mention of it is found in a
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876:(1453). There are some examples of Orthodox religious headgear (and possibly mitres) as early as the 14th century, such as a fresco of Metropolitan Kalevit in the
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1740:
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1755:"Mitre, ceremonial head-dress of Orthodox Serbian Metropolitan bishop of Belgrade, made in 15th century by Countess of Celje Katarina Kantakuzina Branković"
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808:
Elaborately embroidered Eastern Orthodox mitre, 1715. The Orthodox mitre, adopted after the fall of Constantinople, is derived from the Byzantine crown.
872:(previously patriarch of Alexandria) became Ecumenical Patriarch in the early 1600s. Others instead claim that the mitre started being used after the
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841:(ca. 1130–1140) stated that the patriarch of Alexandria was the only Orthodox prelate to wear a hat during the liturgy. This claim was repeated by
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1.195 and 7.90). It also refers to a kind of hairband, such as "the victor's chaplet at the games", a headband and a badge of rank at the
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1369:, the father of anatomy, noted the striking similarity between the two while performing anatomic dissections in the sixteenth century.
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The mitre is topped by a cross, either made out of metal and standing upright, or embroidered in cloth and lying flat on the top. In
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646:, a mitre was placed above the shield of all persons who were entitled to wear the mitre, including abbots. It substituted for the
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524:, the mitre fell out of use after the Reformation, but was restored in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a result of the
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of certain very ancient abbeys in the West also wore mitres, but of a very different form than that worn by male prelates.
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The mitre in its classic metal-fronted 18th-century form survived as an item of ceremonial parade dress in the Prussian
984:. Mitres awarded to priests will have the cross lying flat. Sometimes, instead of the flat cross, the mitre may have an
5120:
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564:, ecclesial law gives the right to use the mitre and other pontifical insignia (crosier, pectoral cross, and ring) to
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Charles Davis O'Malley, "Andreas Vesalius of Brussels, 1514-1564," (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964).
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Some have hypothesized that shape of the mitres adopted after the fall of Constantinople was likely derived by the
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wore a mitre as early as 1786. The mitre is also worn by bishops in a number of Lutheran churches, for example the
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454:, consisting of two similar parts (the front and back) rising to a peak and sewn together at the sides. Two short
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also received both a mitre and crown on their heads from a cardinal bishop at the same ceremony. The form of the
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By the end of the 18th century, due to changes in military fashion, the mitre had generally given way to the
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284:. In later poems, it was used to refer to a headband used by women for their hair, and a sort of formal
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The Eastern mitre is made in the shape of a bulbous crown, completely enclosed, and the material is of
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Another evidence pointing to the lack of headgear among the Orthodox bishops was the complaint against
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Philip Haythornthwaite, page 18 "The Russian Army of the Napoleonic Wars (1): Infantry, 1799-1814"
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By the emperor's hand : military dress and court regalia in the later Romano-Byzantine Empire
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with a papal mitre (containing still the three levels of 'crowns' representing the powers of the
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969:), which the bishop may kiss before he puts it on. Eastern mitres are usually gold, but other
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awarded a mitre to her spiritual father, Archpriest John Pamphilov. In 1797 the decree of
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1060:. The priestly mitre is not surmounted by a cross, and is awarded at the discretion of a
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1023:, the mitre came to signify the temporal authority of bishops (especially that of the
980:, the mitres of all bishops are topped with a standing cross. The same is true in the
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Some modern scholars believe that the mitre was first adopted among the Orthodox when
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The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church
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1320:, the Pope placed a mitre on their heads before placing the crown over it. Their
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Three types of mitres are worn by Roman Catholic clergy for different occasions:
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Philip Haythornthwaite, page 13 "Frederick the Great's Army, vol. 2 Infantry ",
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The embodied icon : liturgical vestments and sacramental power in Byzantium
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The embodied icon : liturgical vestments and sacramental power in Byzantium
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in the year 1049. By 1150 the use had spread to bishops throughout the West.
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mitre from the 19th century, displayed in the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo in
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The use of the mitre is a prerogative of bishops, but it may be awarded to
600:. Cardinals in the presence of the Pope wear a mitre of white linen damask.
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Sammlung Philippi - Kopfbedeckungen in Glaube, Religion und Spiritualität
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incorporated a mitre of precious metal and jewels into their design. The
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1185: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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374: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Stuart Reid, page 24 "King George's Army 1740-93, vol. 1 Infantry,"
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L'Uniforme et les Armes des Soldats de la Guerre en Dentelle vol 2
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stem from, was originally a cap used by officials of the Imperial
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1365:, is named so because of its similarity in shape to the mitre.
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churches, for important ceremonies, by the Metropolitan of the
3783:
2188:
2184:
2118:—Photographs and descriptions of the different types of mitres
1608:"Metropolitan Hilarion (Alfeyev). On the Sakkos and the Mitre"
1154:
1097:
regiments also wore a mitre with a smaller brass front-plate.
1041:
and other services, usually being removed and replaced by the
451:
343:
174:
30:
This article is about religious headgear. For other uses, see
2137:
Mitre worn by Pope John Paul I at his papal inauguration Mass
2133:, the Primate of Hungary, at coronations of Kings of Hungary.
2047:
1037:. The mitre is removed at certain solemn moments during the
820:
churches is based on the closed Imperial crown of the late
168:
27:
Liturgical headdresses worn by Christian bishops and abbots
272:, usually a metal guard worn around the waist and under a
4119:
1893:
W.Y. Carman, page 68 "A Dictionary of Military Uniform,"
124:
in Western-styled pontifical vestments, including a mitre
1854:"Особенности богослужебного облачения Патриарха на Руси"
1304:
was originally the personal crown of Holy Roman Emperor
634:, around the shoulders when holding the bishop's mitre.
1422:
https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/386220/mitre
1336:
Russia and was probably inspired by the crowns worn by
1889:
1887:
204:
now known as the traditional, ceremonial headdress of
1501:
with a mitre in 1967, just two years before the 1969
880:
or the mitre donated to the patriarch of Belgrade by
1784:. Oxford : Oxford University Press. pp. 29–32.
800:, martyred when the Turks captured the city in 1922.
240:, whether or not bishops, and some Eastern Orthodox
212:
in traditional Christianity. Mitres are worn in the
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wearing Eastern-styled vestments, including a mitre
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1858:Церковно-Научный Центр "Православная Энциклопедия"
1819:. Crestwood, N.Y.: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press.
1442:
1440:
1277:is represented by a stylised Western mitre having
536:of the United States, the first Presiding Bishop,
37:"Bishop's hat" redirects here. For the plant, see
4429:Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province
1357:of the human heart, which is located between the
853:hierarchs and priests, with the exception of the
102:Western and Eastern-styled mitres worn by bishops
1539:. Oxford : Oxford University Press. p. 28.
490:court. "The tiara probably developed from the
1104:or had been replaced by the standard infantry
857:conduct sacred service with uncovered heads.
707:Peter's Basilica during the second session of
4135:
2169:
740:with its white lappets ending in red fringes.
482:), the headdress that both the mitre and the
8:
1667:Tchiflianov, Very Rev. Prof. Blagoy (2012).
1136:
1120:
957:attached to the mitre (often of Christ, the
183:
4231:
4180:
4142:
4128:
4120:
3049:
2737:
2728:
2212:
2176:
2162:
2154:
1739:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2131:Mitre worn by the Archbishop of Esztergom
1281:codes U+2657 (white) and U+265D (black):
1245:Learn how and when to remove this message
650:of military arms, but also appeared as a
528:, and is now worn by most bishops of the
434:Learn how and when to remove this message
4370:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
236:, and also, in the Catholic Church, all
4414:Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church
4409:Successor of the Prince of the Apostles
1711:. Graham Sumner. Barnsley. p. 93.
1378:
1033:(i.e., the Christian community) of the
722:
1732:
1344:and possibly also the Orthodox mitre.
678:broke with tradition and replaced the
5096:History of clothing (Western fashion)
2146:. From the National Geographic book
1848:
1846:
1844:
1700:
1698:
1656:(in Greek). J.-P. Migne. p. 716.
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1308:and has the form proper to that of a
1011:, along with other such items as the
845:in the fifteenth century, who in his
542:Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia
329:The evolution of the mitre, from the
7:
2058:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1497:, p.171, shows the arms of Cardinal
1183:adding citations to reliable sources
372:adding citations to reliable sources
4434:Sovereign of the Vatican City State
2012:. Barrie and Jenkins. p. 204.
1027:) within the administration of the
924:allowed the mitre to be awarded to
778:was replaced with a bishop's mitre.
711:in November 1963. However his 1975
4355:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
4332:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2063:Noonan Jr., James-Charles (1996).
1971:. Barrie and Jenkins. p. 90.
25:
5086:Episcopacy in the Catholic Church
2792:Head covering for Christian women
2122:Episcopal Mitre from Kavsokalyvia
2046:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1910:Funcken, Liliane et Fred (1975).
1433:BRITISH LUTHERANS HAVE NEW BISHOP
596:and by concelebrant bishops at a
306:, the headdress of the priest of
234:Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church
47:Western and Eastern-styled mitres
5038:
5026:
1159:
764:
759:: elaborately embroidered mitre.
745:
725:
550:Lutheran Church in Great Britain
458:always hang down from the back.
348:
158:
129:
108:
76:
53:
1449:"Ecclesiastical Heraldry"
1261:A chess bishop in the standard
1170:needs additional citations for
532:on at least some occasions. In
359:needs additional citations for
4439:Servant of the servants of God
1394:A Greek-English Lexicon: μίτρα
812:The most typical mitre in the
574:Rite of Ordination of a Bishop
450:, the mitre is a tall folding
1:
2094:. St. Benno Verlag, Leipzig.
1879:History of the Russian Church
1584:"On the Sakkos and the Mitre"
188:, 'headband' or 'turban') or
4462:Coat of arms of the Holy See
4365:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
1650:Migne, Jacques-Paul (1866).
1143:regiments; plus the Russian
5076:Eastern Christian vestments
4964:Pontifical colleges in Rome
1778:Woodfin, Warren T. (2012).
1533:Woodfin, Warren T. (2012).
1396:, accessed 17 December 2023
1025:Patriarch of Constantinople
847:Concerning the Holy Temple,
288:headdress, as mentioned by
5142:
5045:Catholic Church portal
4279:properties of the Holy See
1632:Concerning the Holy Temple
1471:"Instruction", 1969, n.28.
1328:dates back to the time of
1147:, until World War I.
1076:A Russian grenadier mitre.
774:of Pope Benedict XVI. The
690:in a simplified form) and
310:, or the headdress of the
222:Oriental Orthodox Churches
36:
29:
5081:Episcopacy in Anglicanism
5021:
4157:
2195:
2090:Philippi, Dieter (2009).
862:John XI of Constantinople
736:traditional style: White
184:
5126:Roman Catholic vestments
1705:Dawson, Timothy (2015).
1420:Encyclopædia Britannica
1139:1. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß
1123:1. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß
997:Armenian Catholic Church
198:see spelling differences
156:(Commonwealth English) (
5033:Vatican City portal
1630:Simeon of Thessalonica
1302:Austrian Imperial Crown
1007:As an item of Imperial
855:patriarch of Alexandria
644:ecclesiastical heraldry
626:may wear a shawl-style
268:, and means a piece of
218:Eastern Orthodox Church
4878:for Vatican City State
4508:Apostolic constitution
1881:", vol. II, M. 1997-98
1640:volume 155, 716D-717A.
1326:Russian Imperial Crown
1266:
1137:
1128:
1121:
1077:
1004:
874:fall of Constantinople
843:Symeon of Thessalonica
809:
801:
798:Chrysostomos of Smyrna
792:Mitre of the Orthodox
713:Apostolic Constitution
684:his papal coat of arms
446:In its modern form in
336:
32:Mitre (disambiguation)
5001:Sexually active popes
4952:Pontifical university
4696:Ring of the Fisherman
4535:Ecclesiastical letter
4530:Apostolic exhortation
4419:Patriarch of the West
4404:Vicar of Jesus Christ
2831:Salvation Army bonnet
2055:Catholic Encyclopedia
1813:Wybrew, Hugh (1990).
1495:Heraldry of the World
1455:Catholic Encyclopedia
1332:’s early attempts to
1260:
1118:
1075:
994:
878:Kremikovtsi Monastery
807:
791:
622:On all occasions, an
502:(see illustration of
332:Catholic Encyclopedia
328:
5091:Headgear in heraldry
4996:Popes by nationality
4912:Sistine Chapel Choir
4846:College of Cardinals
4477:Regalia and insignia
4360:St. Peter's Basilica
2008:Mollo, John (1972).
1967:Mollo, John (1972).
1877:Yevgeny Golubinsky "
1386:Henry George Liddell
1179:improve this article
839:Patriarch of Antioch
784:Eastern Christianity
672:inauguration as pope
534:The Episcopal Church
448:Western Christianity
368:improve this article
340:Western Christianity
5101:History of clothing
3215:Coal scuttle bonnet
2501:Casquette d'Afrique
2071:. Viking. pp.
1582:(January 3, 2015).
1145:Pavlovskii Regiment
1133:Leib-Grenadier No 1
918:Catherine the Great
912:, by the decree of
663:, and the lappets (
5121:Religious headgear
5111:Lutheran vestments
5106:History of fashion
5071:Byzantine clothing
5066:Anglican vestments
4947:Pontifical academy
4942:Orders of chivalry
3682:sombrero de catite
3000:Boss of the Plains
2198:List of hat styles
2148:Inside the Vatican
2142:2016-03-03 at the
1921:-2-203-14316-9
1914:. pp. 90–91.
1670:Our orthodox faith
1612:OrthoChristian.Com
1588:OrthoChristian.Com
1580:Hilarion (Alfeyev)
1310:Holy Roman Emperor
1273:in the board game
1267:
1129:
1078:
1005:
971:liturgical colours
882:Katarina Branković
818:Byzantine Catholic
810:
802:
718:papal inauguration
657:ecclesiastical hat
530:Anglican Communion
500:Byzantine Emperors
337:
314:referenced in the
312:Jewish high priest
276:, as mentioned in
226:Anglican Communion
143:Alexander Drabinko
137:Ukrainian Orthodox
5053:
5052:
4820:Prelate of Honour
4387:
4291:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4117:
4116:
3907:Haredi burqa sect
3704:Stormy Kromer cap
3687:sombrero vueltiao
3677:sombrero cordobés
3323:
3322:
3156:
3155:
2936:
2935:
2889:
2888:
2101:978-3-7462-2800-6
1791:978-0-19-959209-8
1718:978-1-84832-589-0
1680:978-1-105-65899-0
1637:Patrologia Graeca
1546:978-0-19-959209-8
1342:Holy Roman Empire
1255:
1254:
1247:
1229:
982:Russian tradition
949:. It may also be
916:in 1705; in 1786
835:Theodore Balsamon
522:Church of England
444:
443:
436:
418:
83:The mitre of the
16:(Redirected from
5133:
5043:
5042:
5031:
5030:
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4868:Apostolic Camera
4825:Prince assistant
4751:Sedia gestatoria
4424:Primate of Italy
4383:
4314:Papal apartments
4309:Apostolic Palace
4276:extraterritorial
4232:
4181:
4144:
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4130:
4121:
3672:sombrero calañés
3050:
2864:epanokalimavkion
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2010:Military Fashion
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1397:
1383:
1367:Andreas Vesalius
1340:emperors of the
1322:empress consorts
1263:Staunton pattern
1250:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1187:
1163:
1155:
1142:
1126:
1068:Military uniform
963:John the Baptist
822:Byzantine Empire
814:Eastern Orthodox
768:
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729:
546:Church of Sweden
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318:(Greek) text of
194:American English
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122:José Palma, O.P.
112:
85:Serbian Orthodox
80:
57:
21:
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5116:Papal vestments
5056:
5055:
5054:
5049:
5037:
5027:
5025:
5017:
4986:Canonised popes
4916:
4907:Cappella Giulia
4834:
4798:Papal majordomo
4760:
4734:
4637:
4544:
4491:
4443:
4382:
4374:
4347:Major basilicas
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4212:Diocese of Rome
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3377:Bhadgaunle Topi
3362:Balmoral bonnet
3352:Astrakhan (hat)
3319:
3152:
3048:
2932:
2885:
2845:
2782:Christening cap
2772:Cappello romano
2718:
2704:Square academic
2511:Cavalry Stetson
2496:Cappello Alpino
2432:
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2144:Wayback Machine
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1298:Imperial Russia
1294:Austrian Empire
1284:
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1234:
1231:
1188:
1186:
1176:
1164:
1153:
1127:in mitres, 1894
1070:
1054:protopresbyters
1003:wearing mitres.
995:Bishops of the
935:
914:Peter the Great
906:Patriarch Nikon
849:wrote that all
830:
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779:
769:
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562:Catholic Church
558:
526:Oxford Movement
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300:Ptolemaic court
250:
214:Catholic Church
200:) is a type of
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5011:Western Schism
5003:
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4971:
4969:Major Seminary
4961:
4960:
4959:
4949:
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4928:Papal nobility
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4739:Transportation
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4472:Keys of Heaven
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4319:Sistine Chapel
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4267:Lateran Treaty
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4190:Full communion
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3315:Gediminas' Cap
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2110:External links
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2018:
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1673:. : Lulu Com.
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1493:von Volborth,
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1363:left ventricle
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1058:archimandrites
1039:Divine Liturgy
1035:Ottoman Empire
978:Greek practice
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3138:Stormy Kromer
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2082:0-670-86745-4
2078:
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2049:"Mitre"
2044:
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2029:
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2021:
2019:0-214-65349-8
2015:
2011:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1997:0-85045-737-8
1994:
1988:
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1978:0-214-65349-8
1974:
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1956:1 85532 515 2
1953:
1947:
1944:
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1249:
1246:
1238:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1196: –
1195:
1191:
1190:Find sources:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1168:This section
1166:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1117:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
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1090:
1088:
1083:
1074:
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1040:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1002:
998:
993:
989:
987:
983:
979:
974:
973:may be used.
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
947:cloth of gold
944:
940:
932:
930:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
902:
897:
894:
890:
885:
883:
879:
875:
871:
870:Cyril Lucaris
866:
863:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
827:
825:
823:
819:
815:
806:
799:
795:
790:
783:
777:
773:
767:
762:
758:
754:
748:
743:
739:
735:
728:
723:
721:
719:
714:
710:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
668:
666:
662:
658:
653:
649:
645:
637:
635:
633:
629:
625:
620:
613:
609:
606:
605:auriphrygiata
602:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:
581:
578:
575:
571:
567:
563:
555:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
518:
516:
512:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
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469:
461:
459:
457:
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438:
435:
427:
416:
413:
409:
406:
402:
399:
395:
392:
388:
385: –
384:
380:
379:Find sources:
373:
369:
363:
362:
357:This section
355:
351:
346:
345:
339:
334:
333:
327:
323:
321:
317:
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297:
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219:
215:
211:
207:
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199:
195:
191:
179:
155:
144:
141:
138:
132:
123:
120:
117:
111:
92:
89:
86:
79:
71:
67:
63:
56:
40:
33:
19:
4756:Shepherd One
4680:
4616:Inauguration
4581:Urbi et Orbi
4579:
4394:His Holiness
4303:Vatican City
4296:Headquarters
4236:Vatican City
4198:
4176:Jurisdiction
3764:Tsunokakushi
3225:Dolly Varden
3126:Sports visor
3111:Horse racing
3096:Bicycle clip
2813:
2456:Bell-boy hat
2374:Cabbage-tree
2339:Anthony Eden
2147:
2091:
2066:
2053:
2028:
2009:
2003:
1987:
1968:
1962:
1946:
1930:
1911:
1905:
1873:
1862:. Retrieved
1860:(in Russian)
1857:
1815:
1808:
1780:
1773:
1762:. Retrieved
1758:
1749:
1707:
1669:
1662:
1652:
1645:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1615:. Retrieved
1611:
1602:
1591:. Retrieved
1587:
1535:
1505:
1494:
1489:
1482:Dictionnaire
1481:
1476:
1464:
1453:
1428:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1390:Robert Scott
1381:
1355:mitral valve
1352:
1346:
1287:
1268:
1241:
1232:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1189:
1177:Please help
1172:verification
1169:
1132:
1130:
1099:
1091:
1079:
1064:of bishops.
1047:
1028:
1006:
988:on the top.
975:
936:
899:In medieval
898:
888:
886:
867:
859:
846:
831:
811:
794:Metropolitan
756:
753:Benedict XVI
733:
700:John Paul II
676:Benedict XVI
669:
664:
641:
624:altar server
621:
617:
611:
604:
585:
579:
559:
519:
508:
506:, 842–867).
492:Phrygian cap
479:
467:
465:
445:
430:
421:
411:
404:
397:
390:
378:
366:Please help
361:verification
358:
330:
293:
261:
253:
251:
208:and certain
189:
153:
151:
18:Mitred abbot
4976:Swiss Guard
4895:Dicasteries
4873:Commissions
4863:Roman Curia
4783:Swiss Guard
4556:Arbitration
4385:Papal names
4274:along with
4087:Accessories
4038:Bumper brim
3942:Mysore peta
3647:Senufo bird
3557:Montenegrin
3492:Jeongjagwan
3437:Energy dome
3392:Blue bonnet
3295:Poke bonnet
3240:French hood
3106:Deerstalker
3065:baggy green
2869:kalimavkion
2819:papal tiara
2573:Maintenance
2326:Semi-formal
2126:Mount Athos
1506:Instruction
1359:left atrium
1050:archpriests
1043:protodeacon
1021:epigonation
951:embroidered
926:archpriests
776:papal tiara
696:John Paul I
680:papal tiara
630:, called a
594:Good Friday
515:Pope Leo IX
504:Michael III
484:papal tiara
480:kamilaukion
476:καμιλαύκιον
242:archpriests
5060:Categories
4830:Theologian
4774:Camerlengo
4746:Popemobile
4606:Consistory
4601:Coronation
4574:Pontifical
4561:Deposition
4549:Activities
4525:Encyclical
4487:Umbraculum
4160:Episcopate
3817:Apostolnik
3447:Four Winds
3422:Dhaka topi
3382:Birke topi
3372:Beonggeoji
3162:Historical
3148:Water polo
2874:koukoulion
2755:Canterbury
2687:Sou'wester
2536:karvalakki
2255:Fascinator
2040:References
1940:1855321602
1864:2021-06-28
1764:2021-07-27
1617:2021-07-27
1593:2021-07-27
1480:Lartigue,
1406:Britannica
1334:westernise
1318:Coronation
1314:Roman rite
1205:newspapers
1151:Other uses
1082:grenadiers
1030:Rum millet
1015:(Imperial
772:Papal Arms
755:wearing a
709:Vatican II
548:, and the
468:camelaucum
394:newspapers
316:Septuagint
286:Babylonian
119:Archbishop
4851:cardinals
4805:Gentlemen
4793:Palatinus
4779:Commander
4766:Household
4730:Zucchetto
4671:Flabellum
4643:Vestments
4626:High Mass
4611:Diplomacy
4540:Interdict
4048:Cointoise
4016:Hat parts
3887:Għonnella
3769:Tubeteika
3567:Mooskappe
3477:Glengarry
3337:Arakhchin
3260:Kokoshnik
3116:Mounteere
3101:Casquette
3072:Balaclava
2960:Barretina
2928:Shtreimel
2841:Zucchetto
2826:Pilgrim's
2733:Christian
2724:Religious
2670:triglavka
2650:Rogatywka
2645:Printer's
2633:mariner's
2563:Mazepynka
2543:Fur wedge
2476:Budenovka
2428:Wideawake
2280:lampshade
2225:Cartwheel
1800:714724958
1735:cite book
1727:929033004
1689:936029715
1555:714724958
1316:of their
1312:. At the
1306:Rudolf II
1235:July 2021
1119:Prussian
1001:Jerusalem
959:Theotokos
893:Byzantine
670:With his
488:Byzantine
424:July 2021
320:Exodus 29
295:Histories
290:Herodotus
248:Etymology
238:cardinals
182:; Greek:
39:Epimedium
5006:Antipope
4981:Papabile
4885:Councils
4810:Preacher
4788:Chaplain
4706:Slippers
4686:Mozzetta
4589:Conclave
4568:Blessing
4336:cathedra
4254:Enclaved
4185:Holy See
4099:Feathers
4053:Gamsbart
4028:Aigrette
3932:Khăn vấn
3862:Cornette
3857:Chaperon
3810:headwear
3799:Yanggwan
3779:Tyrolean
3734:Tanggeon
3667:Sombrero
3627:Rastacap
3607:Pashteen
3522:Keffiyeh
3412:Coonskin
3407:Coloured
3387:Blangkon
3367:Bell-boy
3245:Phrygian
3235:Fontange
3210:Cavalier
3205:Capotain
3200:Bycocket
3143:Swimming
3084:Baseball
3077:facekini
3039:Umbrella
3034:Tin foil
3017:Monmouth
2802:mantilla
2777:Capuchon
2767:Capirote
2709:Tricorne
2521:Doctoral
2486:Campaign
2451:Bearskin
2438:Uniforms
2418:Pork pie
2379:Chupalla
2366:Informal
2275:Mushroom
2235:Cocktail
2140:Archived
1835:21593187
1361:and the
1348:Abbesses
1338:Habsburg
1102:bearskin
1095:fusilier
1017:dalmatic
965:and the
757:pretiosa
682:even on
638:Heraldry
612:pretiosa
498:used by
308:Heracles
230:Lutheran
202:headgear
116:Catholic
62:Catholic
4991:Legends
4957:in Rome
4921:Related
4815:Prefect
4781:of the
4691:Pallium
4651:Camauro
4449:Symbols
4245:outline
4222:History
4217:Primacy
4210:of the
4203:Francis
4162:of the
4104:Hat box
4094:Cockade
4073:Sarpech
4007:Yashmak
3957:Paranja
3927:Jang-ot
3877:Dumalla
3837:Boshiya
3822:Bashlyk
3808:Wrapped
3789:Ushanka
3744:Taqiyah
3739:Tantour
3699:Songkok
3657:Šibenik
3642:Salakot
3632:Šajkača
3617:Qeleshe
3612:Pungcha
3602:Papakha
3592:Pahlavi
3582:Ochipok
3572:Nambawi
3552:Malahai
3542:Labbade
3517:Kashket
3507:Karakul
3347:Aso Oke
3300:Pudding
3285:Petasos
3265:Miner's
3190:Boudoir
3185:Bergère
3170:Attifet
3089:trucker
3060:Cricket
3044:Whoopee
2990:Chilote
2908:Kashket
2851:Eastern
2762:Camauro
2750:Biretta
2742:Western
2697:faluche
2692:Student
2665:titovka
2577:Chapeau
2568:Nurse's
2506:Caubeen
2461:Bicorne
2446:Aviator
2423:Smoking
2406:newsboy
2401:coppola
2334:Homburg
2299:Pillbox
2287:Picture
2250:Eugénie
2208:culture
2206:Western
2150:, 1991.
1759:Twitter
1503:fio.edu
1469:fiu.edu
1458:. 1913.
1292:of the
1279:Unicode
1219:scholar
1194:"Mitre"
1106:tricorn
1087:grenade
1009:regalia
939:brocade
851:Eastern
828:History
734:simplex
704:Paul VI
702:. Pope
692:pallium
665:infulae
586:simplex
566:bishops
560:In the
520:In the
462:History
456:lappets
408:scholar
383:"Mitre"
274:cuirass
260:μίτρη,
252:μίτρα,
228:, some
206:bishops
4902:Synods
4676:Mantle
4666:Ferula
4633:Travel
4380:Titles
4269:, 1929
4208:bishop
4164:bishop
4151:Papacy
4109:Hatpin
4063:Lappet
4058:Hackle
3997:Turban
3992:Tudong
3987:Tichel
3937:Litham
3917:Hogeon
3882:Emamah
3872:Do-rag
3867:Dastar
3852:Chador
3832:Bonnet
3827:Birrus
3749:Tembel
3714:Šubara
3662:Sindhi
3652:Shyade
3637:Salako
3502:Kalpak
3497:Jobawi
3467:Gandhi
3457:Fulani
3402:Chullo
3397:Chapan
3290:Pileus
3280:Pamela
3275:Modius
3255:Kausia
3250:Hennin
3180:Beaver
3053:Sports
3029:Shower
2995:Cowboy
2985:Bucket
2980:Breton
2975:Bobble
2965:Beanie
2950:Animal
2942:Casual
2923:Spodik
2918:Kolpik
2913:Kippah
2903:Jewish
2895:Jewish
2881:Skufia
2859:Klobuk
2836:Shovel
2807:wimple
2787:Galero
2682:Slouch
2638:sailor
2628:Peaked
2623:Patrol
2606:maroon
2548:Hardee
2531:Forage
2516:Czapka
2471:Boonie
2413:Panama
2389:trilby
2384:Fedora
2356:Buntal
2351:Bowler
2346:Boater
2270:Juliet
2230:Cloche
2217:Formal
2116:Mitres
2098:
2079:
2016:
1995:
1975:
1954:
1938:
1918:
1897:
1833:
1823:
1798:
1788:
1725:
1715:
1687:
1677:
1553:
1543:
1408:2004,
1290:crowns
1271:bishop
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1192:
1110:bicorn
1019:) and
1013:sakkos
943:damask
922:Paul I
901:Russia
891:, the
889:stemma
796:Saint
738:damask
732:Mitre
688:papacy
570:abbots
544:, the
410:
403:
396:
389:
381:
335:(1913)
304:diadem
270:armour
224:, the
210:abbots
140:Bishop
88:Bishop
4934:Black
4839:Staff
4718:Tiara
4701:Shoes
4681:Mitre
4661:Fanon
4656:Falda
4467:Cross
4326:Italy
4262:Italy
4241:index
4078:Visor
4068:Plume
3982:Sudra
3977:Snood
3972:Roach
3962:Pheta
3952:Pagri
3947:Niqāb
3912:Hijab
3902:Gulle
3897:Gugel
3842:Burqa
3794:Welsh
3774:Tuque
3759:Topor
3754:Tokin
3709:Straw
3597:Pakol
3527:Kofia
3487:Jaapi
3462:Futou
3452:Fujin
3432:Dutch
3427:Doppa
3310:Witch
3305:Toque
3230:Dunce
3195:Boyar
3121:Rally
3024:Party
3007:Fruit
2970:Beret
2955:Ascot
2814:Mitre
2655:Shako
2601:green
2591:black
2481:Busby
2466:Black
2314:opera
2292:peach
1410:tiara
1373:Notes
1275:chess
1226:JSTOR
1212:books
1062:synod
967:Cross
955:icons
652:crest
632:vimpa
592:, on
496:crown
472:Greek
415:JSTOR
401:books
282:Iliad
278:Homer
266:Greek
264:) is
262:mítrē
258:Ionic
254:mítra
190:miter
185:μίτρα
154:mitre
70:Italy
4856:list
4723:List
4621:Mass
4594:List
4518:List
4513:Bull
4482:Rota
4258:Rome
4200:Pope
4168:Rome
4033:Brim
4023:Agal
4002:Veil
3922:Hood
3892:Gook
3847:Caul
3729:Tang
3694:Song
3622:Qing
3587:Paag
3547:Lika
3537:Kuma
3532:Kufi
3512:Kasa
3417:Cork
3357:Ayam
3329:Folk
3220:Coif
3175:Apex
3012:Knit
2660:Side
2596:blue
2558:Kepi
2553:Jeep
2396:Flat
2265:Halo
2260:Half
2240:Doll
2189:caps
2187:and
2185:Hats
2096:ISBN
2077:ISBN
2014:ISBN
1993:ISBN
1973:ISBN
1952:ISBN
1936:ISBN
1916:ISBN
1895:ISBN
1831:OCLC
1821:ISBN
1796:OCLC
1786:ISBN
1741:link
1723:OCLC
1713:ISBN
1685:OCLC
1675:ISBN
1634:45.
1551:OCLC
1541:ISBN
1388:and
1353:The
1296:and
1288:The
1269:The
1198:news
1135:and
1056:and
986:icon
816:and
698:and
661:gold
648:helm
642:In
628:veil
610:The
603:The
598:Mass
590:Lent
584:The
511:Bull
466:The
387:news
322::6.
152:The
66:Pisa
4256:in
4206:as
4166:of
3784:Upe
3719:Sun
3472:Gat
3442:Fez
3270:Mob
2677:Ski
2616:tan
2611:red
2309:Top
2304:Tam
2073:191
1181:by
1108:or
999:in
945:or
933:Use
556:Use
513:of
452:cap
370:by
280:'s
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4260:,
4243:,
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1283:♗♝
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