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Al-Urdi contributed to the construction of the observatory outside of the city, constructing special devices and water wheels in order to supply the observatory, which was built on a hill, with drinking water. He also constructed some of the instruments used in the observatory, in the year 1261/2.
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Al-Urdi is a member of the group of
Islamic astronomers of the 13th and 14th centuries who were active in the criticism of the astronomical model presented in
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Der
Arabische Himmels‐Globus angefertigt 1279 zu Maragha von Muhammed bin Muwajid Elardhi zugehörig dem Königl. Mathematisch‐physikalischen Salon zu Dresden
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Risala fi
Kayfiyyat al-Arsad wa-ma Yuhtaju Ila 'ilmihi Wa-'Amalihi Min al-Turuq al-Mu'addiya ila Ma'rifat 'Awdat al-Kawakib
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The
Astronomical Work of Mu'ayyad al-Din al-'Urdi (d. 1266): A Thirteenth Century Reform of Ptolemaic Astronomy
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248:"ʿUrḍī: Muʾayyad (al‐Milla wa‐) al‐Dīn (Muʾayyad ibn Barīk [Burayk]) al‐ʿUrḍī (al‐ʿĀmirī al‐Dimashqī)"
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at some point before 1239, where he worked as an engineer and teacher of geometry, and built instruments for
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Dresden: Königl. Hofbuchhandlung von
Hermann Burdach. (2nd edition reprinted in Sezgin,
187:, must have been received in 15th-century Europe and ultimately influenced the works of
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that moved around a deferent centered at half the distance to the equant point.
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Al-Urdi's son, who also worked in the observatory, made a copy of his father's
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127:(كتاب الهيئة), a work on theoretical astronomy. His influence can be seen on
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in 1957 argued that the works of this group of astronomers, perhaps via
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362:(1979). "The First Non-Ptolemaic Astronomy at the Maraghah School",
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29:
175:, based on which he argued that Al-Urdi's contributions predated
100:
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The
Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing
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426:
388:
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337:
Islamic
Science and the Making of the European Renaissance
203:
in an astronomic model to be replaced with an equivalent
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123:, a treatise on observational instruments, and
381:, Markaz dirasat al-Wahda al-'Arabiya, Beirut.
1798:
400:
319:, Vol. 4, pp. 215–241; (reprinted in Sezgin,
8:
252:The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
107:in northwestern Iran, after being asked by
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47:Moayad Al-Din Al-Urdi Al-Amiri Al-Dimashqi
38:. Copy created in Iran, dated 15th century
2697:Astronomers of the medieval Islamic world
2539:Constantinople observatory of Taqi ad-Din
1814:Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world
301:in 1562 and since then has been kept in
250:. In Thomas Hockey; et al. (eds.).
416:Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world
254:. New York: Springer. pp. 1161–2.
233:
2460:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
1213:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
559:Khalid ibn Abd al‐Malik al‐Marwarrudhi
68:Born circa 1200, presumably (from the
1234:The Remaining Signs of Past Centuries
241:
239:
237:
7:
119:. Al-Urdi's most notable works are
54:
195:" in particular, an extension of
57:) (d. 1266) was a medieval Syrian
25:
307:Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon
135:, in addition to being quoted by
55:مؤيد الدين العرضي العامري الدمشقي
2396:
938:Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr al‐Farisi
2687:Medieval Syrian mathematicians
1427:Schema for horizontal sundials
943:Abu Ali al-Hasan al-Marrakushi
468:Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī
1:
2432:Principles of Hindu Reckoning
309:). Drechsler, Adolph (1873).
1685:Constantinople (Taqi al-Din)
27:Arab astronomer (c1200–1266)
2682:Medieval Syrian astronomers
2622:Hindu–Arabic numeral system
2554:University of al-Qarawiyyin
1674:University of al-Qarawiyyin
878:Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi
299:Augustus, Elector of Saxony
171:621 as a copy of Al-Urdi's
164:. Saliba (1979) identified
2713:
2692:13th-century Syrian people
2524:Al-Mustansiriya University
2503:Islamic geometric patterns
2251:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi
918:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi
246:Schmidl, Petra G. (2007).
2394:
1759:Medieval European science
1190:
1179:
1168:
1019:Sadr al-Shari'a al-Asghar
776:Ibrahim ibn Said al-Sahli
439:
435:
422:
317:Astronomische Instrumente
297:This globe was bought by
2677:13th-century astronomers
2277:Nizam al-Din al-Nisapuri
2236:Muhyi al-Din al-Maghribi
1009:Nizam al-Din al-Nisapuri
903:Muhyi al-Din al-Maghribi
544:Ali ibn Isa al-Asturlabi
34:Manuscript of al-Urdi's
2646:History of trigonometry
2641:Trigonometric functions
2635:Western Arabic numerals
2631:Eastern Arabic numerals
2196:Ibn al‐Ha'im al‐Ishbili
1111:Baha' al-din al-'Amili
1085:'Abd al-'Aziz al-Wafa'i
963:Fakhr al-Din al-Akhlati
883:Ibn al‐Ha'im al‐Ishbili
333:Saliba, George (2007).
323:, Vol. 1, pp. 261–289).
147:and also constructed a
115:under the patronage of
18:Mo'ayyeduddin Urdi
2570:Babylonian mathematics
2261:Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī
2246:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
2241:al-Hasan al-Marrakushi
2165:Al-Samawal al-Maghribi
2094:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
1837:'Abd al-Hamīd ibn Turk
1392:Navigational astrolabe
1147:Al Achsasi al Mouakket
913:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
832:Al-Samawal al-Maghribi
781:Ibn Mu'adh al-Jayyani
710:Abu al-Hasan al-Ahwazi
345:– via EBSCOHost.
133:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
111:to help establish the
103:. In 1259 he moved to
39:
2596:Byzantine mathematics
2384:Ibn Hamza al-Maghribi
2211:Alam al-Din al-Hanafi
2175:Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi
1728:Hellenistic astronomy
1699:Samarkand (Ulugh Beg)
1493:Deferent and epicycle
893:Alam al-Din al-Hanafi
862:Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi
504:Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi
371:(4), p. 571-576.
341:. MIT Press. p.
191:. This concerns the "
33:
2601:European mathematics
2549:Maragheh observatory
2374:Muhammad Baqir Yazdi
2353:Ibn Ghazi al-Miknasi
2226:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
2134:Muhammad al-Baghdadi
1718:Babylonian astronomy
1533:Gravitational energy
908:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
898:Najm al‐Din al‐Misri
579:Yahya ibn Abi Mansur
478:Mashallah ibn Athari
463:Al-Fadl ibn Naubakht
217:Maragheh observatory
109:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
75:) in the village of
2519:Al-Azhar University
2446:The Book of Healing
1852:Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf
1659:Al-Azhar University
1478:Celestial mechanics
1268:Book of Fixed Stars
1227:The Book of Healing
1206:Aja'ib al-Makhluqat
948:Ibn Ishaq al-Tunisi
923:Zakariya al-Qazwini
534:Al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf
529:Abu Hanifa Dinawari
197:Apollonius' theorem
113:Maragha observatory
2651:History of algebra
2606:Indian mathematics
2580:Indian mathematics
2529:House of Knowledge
1983:Brethren of Purity
1877:Banū Mūsā brothers
1723:Egyptian astronomy
1664:House of Knowledge
1342:Astronomical clock
1152:Muhammad al-Rudani
549:Banū Mūsā brothers
499:Abu Ali al-Khayyat
285:islamsci.mcgill.ca
181:Otto E. Neugebauer
97:al-Malik al-Mansur
40:
2659:
2658:
2575:Greek mathematics
2498:Alhazen's problem
2392:
2391:
2013:Ibrahim ibn Sinan
1963:Sinān ibn al-Fatḥ
1780:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1754:Chinese astronomy
1749:Byzantine science
1623:Temporal finitism
1553:Islamic cosmology
1483:Celestial spheres
1303:
1302:
1195:Arabic star names
1164:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1024:Fathullah Shirazi
958:Al-Ashraf Umar II
670:Ibrahim ibn Sinan
473:Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī
321:School of Marāgha
261:978-0-387-31022-0
16:(Redirected from
2704:
2474:Tabula Rogeriana
2400:
2348:Sibt al-Maridini
2008:Sinan ibn Thabit
1917:Abu Said Gorgani
1907:Thābit ibn Qurra
1897:Ishaq ibn Hunayn
1882:Hunayn ibn Ishaq
1827:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1784:
1764:Indian astronomy
1733:Indian astronomy
1701:
1694:
1687:
1608:Sublunary sphere
1598:Specific gravity
1498:Earth's rotation
1387:Mural instrument
1332:Armillary sphere
1255:Alfonsine tables
1220:Tabula Rogeriana
1200:Islamic calendar
1188:
1181:
1170:
1065:Sibt al-Maridini
1050:Jamshid al-Kashi
771:Said al-Andalusi
574:Thābit ibn Qurra
509:Abu Said Gorgani
483:Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq
437:
424:
409:
402:
395:
386:
347:
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295:
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199:that allowed an
56:
21:
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2702:
2701:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2627:Arabic numerals
2610:
2584:
2558:
2534:House of Wisdom
2507:
2486:
2408:
2401:
2388:
2357:
2301:
2287:Ibn al-Durayhim
2265:
2184:
2150:Jabir ibn Aflah
2138:
2069:Abu Nasr Mansur
2057:
1953:Ahmad ibn Yusuf
1921:
1816:
1811:
1781:
1768:
1737:
1706:
1697:
1690:
1683:
1669:House of Wisdom
1647:
1603:Spherical Earth
1436:
1367:Equatorial ring
1347:Celestial globe
1322:Analog computer
1299:
1294:Sullam al-sama'
1239:
1175:
1156:
1125:
1089:
1028:
967:
866:
852:Jabir ibn Aflah
795:
726:Abu Nasr Mansur
714:
695:Abolfadl Harawi
630:Ahmad ibn Yusuf
583:
487:
458:Ahmad Nahavandi
446:
431:
418:
413:
356:
354:Further reading
351:
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332:
331:
327:
296:
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149:celestial globe
121:Risālat al-Raṣd
59:Arab astronomer
28:
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2467:Toledan Tables
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2439:Book of Optics
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2180:Ibn al-Yasamin
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2079:Kushyar Gilani
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2023:Nazif ibn Yumn
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
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1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
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1923:
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1909:
1904:
1902:Na'im ibn Musa
1899:
1894:
1892:Yusuf al-Khuri
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1862:Qusta ibn Luqa
1859:
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1849:
1844:
1839:
1833:
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1824:
1822:Mathematicians
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1513:Elliptic orbit
1510:
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1495:
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1488:Circular orbit
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1313:
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1298:
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1290:
1283:
1276:
1274:Toledan Tables
1271:
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1137:Yang Guangxian
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1103:
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1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
975:
973:
969:
968:
966:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
874:
872:
868:
867:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
803:
801:
797:
796:
794:
793:
791:Ali ibn Khalaf
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
766:Kushyar Gilani
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
736:Ali ibn Ridwan
733:
728:
722:
720:
716:
715:
713:
712:
707:
702:
700:Haseb-i Tabari
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
591:
589:
585:
584:
582:
581:
576:
571:
569:Sahl ibn Bishr
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
495:
493:
489:
488:
486:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
454:
452:
448:
447:
445:
444:
440:
433:
432:
427:
420:
419:
414:
412:
411:
404:
397:
389:
383:
382:
372:
355:
352:
349:
348:
325:
290:
272:
260:
232:
231:
229:
226:
225:
224:
219:
212:
209:
173:Kitāb al-Hayʾa
145:Kitāb al‐Hayʾa
125:Kitāb al-Hayʾa
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2709:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2399:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2282:Ibn al-Shatir
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2256:Ibn al-Banna'
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2201:Ahmad al-Buni
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:Sanad ibn Ali
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1803:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1679:Observatories
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1633:Triangulation
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1543:Heliocentrism
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1417:Shadow square
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1287:Zij-i Sultani
1284:
1282:
1281:
1280:Zij-i Ilkhani
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1171:
1167:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1055:Kadızade Rumi
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
979:Ibn al-Shatir
977:
976:
974:
970:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
953:Ibn al‐Raqqam
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
875:
873:
869:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
847:Ibn al-Kammad
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
802:
798:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:Ibn al-Saffar
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
717:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
590:
586:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
496:
494:
490:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
455:
453:
449:
442:
441:
438:
434:
430:
425:
421:
417:
410:
405:
403:
398:
396:
391:
390:
387:
380:
376:
375:George Saliba
373:
370:
367:
366:
361:
360:George Saliba
358:
357:
353:
344:
339:
338:
329:
326:
322:
318:
314:
313:
308:
304:
300:
294:
291:
286:
282:
276:
273:
269:
263:
257:
253:
249:
242:
240:
238:
234:
227:
223:
222:Zij-i Ilkhani
220:
218:
215:
214:
210:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
185:Ibn al-Shatir
182:
178:
174:
170:
167:
163:
162:
157:
152:
150:
146:
140:
138:
137:Ibn al-Shatir
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
91:, he came to
90:
86:
82:
81:Syrian desert
78:
74:
71:
66:
64:
60:
52:
48:
44:
37:
32:
19:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2407:Mathematical
2362:16th century
2313:Ibn al-Majdi
2306:15th century
2270:14th century
2220:
2189:13th century
2143:12th century
2129:Omar Khayyam
2062:11th century
1958:Aṣ-Ṣaidanānī
1926:10th century
1887:Al-Khwarizmi
1652:Institutions
1503:Eccentricity
1463:Astrophysics
1357:Compass rose
1292:
1285:
1278:
1266:
1259:
1244:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1070:Ibn al-Majdi
1045:Abd al‐Wajid
1004:Al-Wabkanawi
999:Abū al‐ʿUqūl
927:
888:Jamal ad-Din
857:Omar Khayyam
685:Al-ʻIjliyyah
660:Aṣ-Ṣaidanānī
645:Ibn al-A'lam
564:Al-Khwarizmi
378:
368:
363:
336:
328:
320:
316:
310:
293:
284:
275:
251:
192:
172:
166:Bodleian ms.
159:
153:
144:
141:
129:Bar Hebraeus
124:
120:
76:
72:
67:
46:
45:(full name:
42:
41:
35:
2672:1266 deaths
2425:De Gradibus
2379:Taqi ad-Din
2369:Al-Birjandi
2343:al-Qalaṣādī
2124:Al-Isfizari
2089:Ibn al-Samh
2018:Al-Isfahani
1998:al-Uqlidisi
1968:al-Khojandi
1933:Abu al-Wafa
1872:al-Dinawari
1830:9th century
1638:Tusi couple
1628:Trepidation
1593:Salah times
1528:Geocentrism
1402:Planisphere
1382:Graph paper
1309:Instruments
1261:Huihui Lifa
1142:Ehmedê Xanî
1101:Al-Birjandi
1080:al-Kubunani
837:Abu al-Salt
786:Al-Isfizari
746:Ibn al-Samh
625:Abu al-Wafa
610:al-Khojandi
514:Al-Farghani
429:Astronomers
268:PDF version
2666:Categories
2589:Influenced
2563:Influences
2333:Ali Qushji
2292:Al-Khalili
2160:Al-Khazini
2155:Al-Kharaqī
2114:al-Zarqālī
2104:al-Jayyānī
2048:al-Majriti
2033:Abu al-Jud
2003:Al-Battani
1978:Al-Saghani
1973:Al-Nayrizi
1912:al-Marwazi
1847:al-Jawharī
1742:Influenced
1711:Influences
1583:Precession
1563:Multiverse
1468:Axial tilt
1448:Almucantar
1432:Triquetrum
1372:Equatorium
1121:Takiyüddin
994:al-Battiwi
989:Ibn Shuayb
984:Al-Khalili
827:Al-Khazini
822:Al-Kharaqī
817:Ibn Tufail
807:Al-Bitruji
741:Al-Zarqālī
705:al-Majriti
655:Al-Saghani
650:Al-Nayrizi
635:al-Battani
554:Iranshahri
539:Al-Marwazi
443:by century
228:References
193:Urdi lemma
189:Copernicus
2338:al-Wafa'i
2328:Ulugh Beg
2231:al-Abhari
2216:Ibn Adlan
2206:Ibn Munim
2170:al-Hassar
2109:al-Nasawī
2084:Al-Biruni
2053:al-Jabali
2043:Al-Karaji
1993:Ibn Yunus
1948:Abu Kamil
1943:Al-Qabisi
1938:al-Khazin
1867:Al-Mahani
1618:Supernova
1573:Obliquity
1558:Moonlight
1458:Astrology
1337:Astrolabe
1116:Piri Reis
1106:al-Khafri
1075:al-Wafa'i
1060:Ulugh Beg
1040:Ali Kuşçu
1014:al-Jadiri
933:al-Abhari
731:al-Biruni
665:Ibn Yunus
640:Al-Qabisi
615:al-Khazin
524:Al-Mahani
151:in 1279.
2491:Concepts
2323:al-Kāshī
2297:al-Umawi
2099:Avicenna
2038:Al-Sijzi
1988:Ibn Sahl
1857:Al-Kindi
1692:Maragheh
1643:Universe
1613:Sunlight
1578:Parallax
1568:Muwaqqit
1508:Ecliptic
1441:Concepts
1407:Quadrant
1327:Aperture
842:Averroes
812:Avempace
756:Avicenna
690:Nastulus
680:al-Sijzi
605:Al-Adami
519:Al-Kindi
377:(1990).
305:(now in
211:See also
205:epicycle
161:Almagest
93:Damascus
83:between
73:al‐ʿUrḍī
63:geometer
2615:Related
2544:Madrasa
2512:Centers
2318:al-Rūmī
2221:al-Urdi
2119:ibn Hud
2074:Alhazen
2028:al-Qūhī
1548:Inertia
1538:Gravity
1473:Azimuth
1422:Sundial
1412:Sextant
1362:Dioptra
1352:Compass
1317:Alidade
928:al-Urdi
751:Alhazen
675:Ma Yize
620:al-Qūhī
595:al-Sufi
303:Dresden
177:Al-Tusi
156:Ptolemy
105:Maragha
85:Palmyra
79:in the
43:Al-Urdi
1523:Galaxy
1518:Equant
1453:Apogee
1397:Octant
1174:Topics
281:"Urdi"
258:
201:equant
117:Hulagu
89:Resafa
51:Arabic
2409:works
1588:Qibla
1377:Globe
1184:Works
169:Marsh
70:nisba
1130:17th
1094:16th
1033:15th
972:14th
871:13th
800:12th
719:11th
588:10th
365:Isis
256:ISBN
131:and
101:Hims
87:and
77:ʿUrḍ
61:and
49:) (
2481:Zij
1246:Zij
600:Ibn
492:9th
451:8th
343:203
158:'s
99:of
2668::
2633:,
369:70
283:.
236:^
179:.
139:.
65:.
53::
2637:)
2629:(
1806:e
1799:t
1792:v
408:e
401:t
394:v
287:.
270:)
266:(
264:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
