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steel provides enough protection. This was indexed as reference to calculate the mass efficiency and thickness efficiency of different armour solutions. Utilizing only 23 millimetres (0.91 in) HHA together with a 10 millimetres (0.39 in) liner to absorb the fragments, the mass efficiency can be increased to 1.2 (the armour provides 1.2 times as much protection as HHA of the same weight). Using a 22 millimetres (0.87 in) MEXAS armour panel on top of 7.3 millimetres (0.29 in) HHA boosts the mass efficiency to 2.5 compared to the HHA reference. The best result was achieved by utilizing a 20 millimetres (0.79 in) thick MEXAS armour panel on top of a 7.3 millimetres (0.29 in) HHA plate fitted with a 10 millimetres (0.39 in) liner on the interior — a mass efficiency of 3.5; however the higher thickness decreased the thickness efficiency to 0.8 compared to the other tested armour layouts.
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requiring an additional 3 millimetres (0.12 in) thick steel plate. According to IBD Deisenroth however, all changes had been communicated to
General Dynamics, but General Dynamics did not inform the Army. Ulf Deisenroth, president of IBD, claimed that he was never informed about the Army only allowing six ceramic tile variations. Later the supplier of the ceramic tiles was changed to fix these problems.
142:(ERA) due to the interlayer absorbing the jet momentum and spreading it radially. Such armour provides better coverage than ERA (up to 85–95% of the surface compared to 30–60%), can be mounted on vehicles with very limited base armour that would not sustain the blast of an ERA tile without damage and has a lower life-cycle cost. MEXAS is only used as adaptable
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MEXAS composite armour was adapted to the vehicle. To meet the required protection against heavy machine gun ammunition fired from a distance of 50 metres (160 ft), different options were compared by IBD and ST Kinetics. A 30 millimetres (1.2 in) thick plate of high-hardness armour (HHA)
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and unapproved sub-contractors supplied the ceramic tiles. The amount of different tile variations allowed by the Army was exceeded drastically — instead of an approved number of six variations the
Stryker utilized 39 after undergoing several design changes. This resulted in the early Strykers
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The
Modular Expandable Armor System (MEXAS) was developed in the early 1990s by IBD Deisenroth and first used in 1994. In 2005 it was succeeded by the next-generation AMAP armour system, which provides a wider variety of different armour options.
134:-liner and depending on the user's requirements a mine-protection kit. The reactive armour version of MEXAS utilizes several spaced multilayer plates consisting of an inert interlayer sandwiched between metal plates. During penetratĂon by a
114:. The exact composition of MEXAS is classified, but according to drawings from the manufacturer the passive version of MEXAS consist of a splinter foil-like specialized Nylon covering a layer of ceramic tiles (possibly materials like
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in order to provide protection against 14.5 mm HMG rounds. In 2001 it was discovered that the chemical composition of some ceramic tiles had been altered without notifying the
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missions, vehicles of different countries have been fitted with MEXAS. Norwegian M113s and German MAN trucks have been fitted with MEXAS prior their deployment in
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46:. MEXAS was introduced in 1994 and has been applied on over 20,000 combat vehicles worldwide. The successor of MEXAS is the
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74:(light) offers protection against small-calibre rounds and can also be fitted on soft-skinned vehicles like
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and is usually not the only protection of a vehicle, but overlaid on the vehicle hull made of ballistic
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Richard W.O. Kwok; F. U. Deisenroth (2001). "LIGHTWEIGHT PASSIVE ARMOUR FOR INFANTRY CARRIER VEHICLE".
218:, M113s and LAVs have been upgraded with MEXAS. Uparmoured Canadian Leopard 1s have been used in the
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384:, using a full MEXAS package, for frontal, side as well as upper glacis and crew hatch protection.
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In order to reach different types of desired armour protection MEXAS is either passive armour or
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depending on the user's requirements). Behind the ceramic tiles a layer of aramid backing (e.g.
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in
Afghanistan. Other vehicles protected by MEXAS armour include versions of the Swedish
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19th
International Symposium of Ballistics, 7–11 May 2001, Interlaken, Switzerland
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Canadian
Leopard C2 heavily up-armoured with MEXAS-M being deployed to Afghanistan
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98:. Depending on version and required protection level MEXAS can protect against
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607:"In to Action – Canadian Leopard C2 tanks and the TLAV M113A3s in Combat"
416:"IBD Modular EXpandable Armour System (MEXAS) (Germany), Armour systems"
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584:"Some Stryker tiles fail under fire; maker rushes to fortify vehicles"
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The bolts holding the MEXAS armour panels are clearly visible on this
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The US Stryker can be up-armoured with MEXAS to resist HMG fire
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The M1117 ASV utilizes MEXAS for ballistic and mine protection
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MBT utilize MEXAS-H armour at the hull. Prior deployment on
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82:(medium) protects the vehicle against autocannon and
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322:fitted with MEXAS located in Afghanistan during
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582:Ray Rivera; Hal Bernton (16 September 2003).
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396:MEXAS on IBD Deisenroth Engineering's website
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656:"These Are the 5 Tanks Ready to Defend NATO"
102:like 30 mm AP, RPGs and mines like the
70:MEXAS has been marketed in three versions:
691:Military equipment introduced in the 1990s
490:"Modular Expandable Armor System (MEXAS)"
186:MEXAS is used on several vehicles of the
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290:like this CV9030N are fitted with MEXAS
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42:system developed by the German company
471:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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7:
138:jet, the sandwich bulges similar to
130:) is installed. MEXAS also includes
611:Canadian American Strategic Review
94:is for use on heavy vehicles like
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556:. Osprey Publishing. p. 17.
48:Advanced Modular Armor Protection
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32:Modular Expandable Armor System
18:Modular Expandable Armor System
248:M1117 Armored Security Vehicle
27:German composite armour system
1:
496:. 9 June 2006. Archived from
252:Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle
112:non-explosive reactive armour
62:Ceramic armour tiles of MEXAS
418:. Jane's IHS. Archived from
654:Gao, Charlie (2021-11-10).
586:. The Seattle Times Company
552:Rottman, Gordon L. (2006).
707:
636:User-list on IBD's website
324:Operation Enduring Freedom
244:Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé
157:During the development of
100:kinetic energy penetrators
44:IBD Deisenroth Engineering
169:can be fitted with MEXAS
140:explosive reactive armour
554:Stryker Combat Vehicles
202:. Some versions of the
613:. CASR. Archived from
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660:The National Interest
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605:Priestley, Stephen.
234:, the Greek variant
222:and as part of the
200:Panzerhaubitze 2000
641:2010-06-12 at the
500:on 2 February 2016
422:on August 15, 2011
306:is utilizing MEXAS
254:, the ST Kinetics
228:Pansarbandvagn 302
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617:on 9 January 2010
232:Combat Vehicle 90
96:main battle tanks
78:military trucks.
16:(Redirected from
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116:aluminium oxide
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615:the original
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182:Applications
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152:armour steel
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71:
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258:and the US
188:German Army
680:Categories
665:2024-04-23
621:26 January
590:26 January
536:: 961–968.
504:26 January
458:2010-06-13
426:26 January
402:References
382:Greek Army
351:ASCOD Ulan
262:vehicles.
256:Bionix AFV
240:ASCOD Ulan
216:Leopard 1s
159:Bionix AFV
104:TM-46 mine
90:warheads.
204:Leopard 2
196:Fuchs 1A7
192:ATF Dingo
190:like the
148:aluminium
639:Archived
467:cite web
50:(AMAP).
380:of the
318:German
304:LAV III
260:Stryker
198:or the
175:US Army
167:Stryker
92:MEXAS-H
80:MEXAS-M
72:MEXAS-L
38:) is a
560:
250:, the
242:, the
128:kevlar
108:TMRP-6
54:Design
452:(PDF)
445:(PDF)
320:Fuchs
286:Some
132:spall
86:with
36:MEXAS
623:2016
592:2016
558:ISBN
506:2016
473:link
428:2016
376:The
288:CV90
230:and
224:ISAF
220:KFOR
212:KFOR
165:The
122:and
106:and
88:HEAT
84:RPGs
30:The
150:or
76:MAN
682::
658:.
609:.
572:^
542:^
514:^
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481:^
469:}}
465:{{
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34:(
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