546:(PPP) won the highest number of seats in the general election of 1988 and formed a coalition government in the Sindh Province with the help of MQM, which then had a larger mandate in urban Sindh in comparison to PPP whose majority of support came from rural areas of Sindh. A 59-point agreement, called the Karachi Accord, was signed which included statements about protection of the democratic system and political rights, urban development goals, and creating objective criteria for admission to universities and colleges. Within a few months of the agreement, differences surfaced and MQM ministers in the Sindh Cabinet resigned because the agreement was not implemented. Thus, the alliance broke up in October 1989 and MQM joined hands with PPP's opponents. During these times MQM made mark for public benefit initiatives. Khidmat-e-Khalq Committee, a social welfare initiative, was founded in 1978 which in 1998 transformed into Khidmat-e-Khalq Foundation (KKF).
612:", as the government's attempt to end terrorism in Karachi and to seize unauthorized arms. Operation Clean-Up, which ostensibly sought to eliminate all terrorists irrespective of their political affiliation, began in June 1992. MQM perceived this operation as an attempt to wipe out the party altogether. Political violence erupted while MQM organized protests and strikes. The resulting lawlessness prevailed in the largest metropolitan city of Pakistan, which led to the country's president dissolving the National Assembly.
791:
Jameel were arrested. Farooq Sattar who was released shortly, later disassociated himself from MQM founder and leader Altaf
Hussain saying his statements were unacceptable and later presented and facilitated resolutions in Federal and provincial assemblies against his controversial speech, Farooq also claimed to strip MQM chief from constitution and powers. The crackdown against MQM took a rapid turn when over hundred MQM Unit and Sector offices have been demolished and many MQM workers rounded up.
679:
newspaper story in question is baseless. The Army has neither handed over to the government any document or map as reported, nor is it in possession of any evidence concerning the so-called
Jinnahpur Plan. It is also factually wrong that the matter was discussed at any meeting of the corps commander." Asif Zardari who was then President of Pakistan is said to have "said in a court premises in Karachi that the Jinnahpur scandal was created to malign the MQM."
6505:
3916:
6515:
46:
315:
593:, The period is regarded as the bloodiest period in Karachi's history, with thousands MQM workers and supporters killed or gone missing. Although more than 20 years have passed since the alleged arrest or disappearance of MQM workers, families of the missing people are still hopeful after registering the cases in the Supreme Court of Pakistan. The operation left thousands of
368:
525:(APMSO), was founded on 11 June 1978 by Altaf Hussain in Karachi University. On March 18, 1984, the APMSO evolved into a proper political organization—Muhajir Qaumi Movement. It was launched to protect the Muhajir community who perceived themselves as the victims of discrimination and repression by the
619:
MQM boycotted the subsequent 1993 general elections claiming organized military intimidation but participated in provincial elections. MQM secured 27 seats in provincial assembly, in comparison to its political rival PPP which won 56 seats. This resulted in PPP forming both the provincial and federal
969:
Farooq Sattar's coordination officer Syed Aftab Ahmed was killed while in the custody of paramilitary forces. Initially the force denied torture and stated that he died of a heart attack, but it had to accept after social media publicised videos of torture marks on Aftab's body and an autopsy report
801:
On 22 September 2016, MQM convenor Nadeem Nusrat termed the moves of Farooq Sattar against party rules and illegal and emphasized he is an elected
Convenor and dissolved entire party infrastructure including Rabita Committee and ordered mass resignation of MQM parliamentarians from assemblies and to
921:
claimed that the intentions of the operation were apolitical, there have been systematic crackdowns against MQM. In 2015 MQM's
Headquarter Nine Zero was raided twice by the paramilitary Rangers and many top officials of MQM were taken into custody. On August 22, 2016, the Headquarter was sealed and
790:
Paramilitary forces immediately sealed MQM offices including Nine Zero. MQM's deputy convenor Shahid Pasha, parliamentary leader Farooq Sattar, Sindh assembly opposition leader Izhar ul Hasan and Rabita
Committee members Qamar Mansur and Member National Assembly and ex Hyderabad Mayor Kanwar Naveed
766:
On 20 November 2011, Muttahida Qaumi
Movement announced the formation of Central Executive Committee with its members drawn from Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Gilgit-Baltistan, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtoonkhawa, Balochistan and Sindh. Addressing a Press Conference, Farooq Sattar, a senior MQM official, told
123:
647:
that affected
Pakistan's Sindh province, particularly Karachi, the port city that is the country's commercial capital. In the mid-1990s, the U.S. State Department, Amnesty International, and others accused the MQM and a rival faction, MQM Haqiqi, of summary killings, torture, and other abuses. The
477:
The party has kept its influence over
Pakistan's federal government as a key coalition partner since the late 1980s (1988–1990, 1990–1992, 2002–2007, 2008–2013). However, in 2015, MQM parliamentarians resigned from the National Assembly, Senate and Provincial Assembly of Sindh in protest against a
753:
MQM and its leader Altaf
Hussain decided to boycott elections in 2018 due to military intervention in political affairs, MQM-P which is a separate party now would instead contest for elections using traditional MQM symbol kite. This would be the second boycott of general elections after 1993 and
740:
and brought its mayor in
Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) and Hyderabad Municipal Corporation. The mayor of Karachi, Wasim Akhtar has been put behind bars without any charge by anti terror court and is waiting Sindh High Court to grant him bail in order to resume his office as the mayor of
624:
failed to gain any seats at federal or provincial level. Political violence gained momentum in 1993 and 1994. During the 1994 violence, heavily political killings were reported between MQM, MQM factions, and Sindhi nationalist groups. By July 1995, more than 1,800 people had been assassinated in
762:
The party is led by Altaf Hussain under whose supervision, members of the Rabita Committee (also known as Central Coordination Committee) formulate the party's political program. It consists of 24 members from Pakistan and 10 from London, United Kingdom. The party's Karachi-based organizational
973:
As a result of the operation, MQM claims 67 of its workers have been extrajudicially murdered by the paramilitary force, while 150 are still missing and more than 5,000 are imprisoned. The Amnesty International, US State Department, and the United Nations Human Rights Commission have published
822:
A private garment factory lit on fire and the flames ignited chemicals that were stored in the factory. The Baldia Town factory inferno case took a dramatic turn on Friday 7 Feb 2015 when a report by Rangers claimed that the MQM was behind the deadly fire that claimed the lives of at least 258
678:
On October 19, 1992, Pakistani newspapers carried an ISPR press release, conveying Army's denial of the knowledge of the Jinnahpur plan. The ISPR, the public relations arm of the Pakistan Army stated, "The Army had no evidence concerning the so-called Jinnahpur plan, it is clarified that the
916:
Due to rise in targeted killing, organised crimes of extortion, kidnapping for ransom and the increased crime rate of the city, the Nawaz Sharif government initiated the Karachi operation in 2013 with the intention of creating peace in the city. Even though the interior minister
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586:(ISI) to weaken MQM and was supported by successive federal governments and the military. In the years to come, federal governments switched between forming alliance with MQM and fighting against it to establish greater control over Karachi.
844:
The Pakka Qila Operation was launched by Sindh Police to target MQM workers in Pakka Qilla Hyderabad. Over 250 besieged people were killed during the operation, which carried on for 275 hours before Pakistan army men eventually moved in.
770:
MQM has several chapters across the world in the United States, Canada, South Africa, several European countries, and Japan. Currently, the heads of MQM North America are former Federal Minister Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui and Ibad Rehman.
489:
were arrested, and most elected parliamentarians in the MQM were forced to disassociate themselves from Altaf Hussain. MQM terminated Farooq Sattar's party membership for party rules violations, and he then formed his own faction.
3548:
675:. However, later some senior army officers, Brigadier (R) Imtiaz and General (R) Naseer Akhtar, confessed that Jinnahpur was "nothing but a drama" against MQM for the military operation and there was no map of Jinnahpur.
537:
In its early years, MQM drew enormous crowds, the epitome of which was the rally of August 8, 1986 at Nishtar Park, Karachi. Three years into its existence, MQM won the November 1987 local body elections in Karachi and
1923:
813:
Although media refers to Muttahida Qaumi Movement as MQM-London, MQM has instructed media to use the original name Muttahida Qaumi Movement only where as Farooq Sattar led faction has adopted the name MQM-Pakistan.
3147:"Refworld | Pakistan: An army operation conducted in August 1998 in Karachi against Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) activists; role of Mujahid Battalion in assisting the army in this operation; MQM members killed"
3707:
948:
Targeted action between 1994 and 1996 saw gross human rights violations by the state organisations which included kidnapping for random, extrajudicial executions, disappearance, torture, fake encounters etc.
615:
During the 1992 violence Altaf Hussain left the country when a warrant was issued for him in connection with a murder. Since then, the political party is run by Mr Hussain from self-imposed exile in London.
797:
MQM leadership in Sindh Assembly declared that it wants MQM leader Altaf Hussain tried for high treason and also removed Nadeem Nusrat, Convenor of the party along with Wasay Jaleel, Mustafa Azizabadi etc.
3389:
3171:
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On August 21, 2016, according to Election Commission of Pakistan, Nadeem Nusrat and not Farooq Sattar was the leader of MQM. and According to Nadeem Nusrat, Minus Altaf formula is not acceptable.
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805:
In a media conference the spokesman for the United States State Department, John Kirby, stated that US was aware of the arrests of the MQM leaders and was closely monitoring the events.
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third boycott of all elections including local bodies election in 2001. The average turnout of Karachi constituencies was 40.4% in 2018 elections comparing to 55 percent in 2013.
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which faced much criticism from the media and particularly from the establishment which was discontented by his words: 'Pakistan Murdabad' (Death to Pakistan). On the orders of
608:
passed a resolution in assembly to launch a military operation in Karachi to target 72 'big fishes'. The federal government gave the reasoning behind this operation, known as "
1990:
1931:
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that the purpose of Central Executive Committee is to assist MQM Coordination Committee and the party in organizational matters, policy-making and preparation of manifesto.
937:. Many MQM officials including Zafar Arif, Kanwar Khalid Yunus, adv Sathi ishaq, Amjadullah khan, Qamar Mansur, and Shahid Pasha have been in detention since four months.
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formed the federal government. During these times, small factions of MQM separated themselves on the main body of the party, and the largest among these factions was
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Despite its ethnic-based politics, the MQM claims to be the only significant political force in Pakistan to stand up openly for secular values.
3541:"UN has acknowledged the occurrence of extra judicial target killing, enforced disappearance of MQM by Pakistani govt and pakistani army, ISI"
2868:
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which was vacated by the death of counselor as independent candidate. MQM supported independent candidate Asif Baig defeated the candidate of
625:
Karachi. In 1997, MQM boycotted the general elections and officially changed the previously maintained name 'Muhajir' to 'Muttahida'(English:
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in 1984. Currently the party is split between two main factions. MQM-London faction is controlled by Altaf Hussain from London, while
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In 2001, MQM boycotted the local body elections but in the 2002 general elections, MQM won 17 out of 272 seats in national assembly.
55:
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6437:
6326:
5084:
3919:
3439:"BBC Urdu Sairbeen (Aaj News) Report on extra judicial killing & enforced disappearance of MQM workers — Video Dailymotion"
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1981:
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In the 2008 elections, MQM won 25 seats in the National Assembly of Pakistan and 52 seats in the Provincial Assembly of Sindh.
555:
582:. It is generally believed that MQM Haqiqi was formed by the collusion of Pakistani Government in power and the Establishment/
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In June 2014, the Metropolitan Police raided the London home of its leader, Altaf Hussain, on suspicion of money-laundering.
463:
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458:(APMSO), in 1978 by Altaf Hussain. APMSO gave birth to the Muhajir Qaumi Movement in 1984. In 1997, the MQM removed the term
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3221:"MQM is Right ! Karachi Operation is just Against MQM. Arif Hameed Bhatti Senior Journalist — Video Dailymotion"
737:
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that gave preference to certain ethnicities for admissions in educational institutions and employment in civil services.
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Karachi. MQM has also brought its chairman and vice chairman in the municipal committee of fourth largest city of Sindh
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4206:
4191:
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4690:
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655:. The party's strongly hierarchical order and personalist leadership style led to some critics labelling the MQM as
66:
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The party's use of extra-legal activities in conflicts with political opponents have earned it the accusation of
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59:
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mm pistol fire from point blank range. The video evidence released on electronic media confirmed the incident.
779:
MQM's Party leadership faced widespread arrests after Altaf Hussain's controversial speech and later attack on
694:
526:
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and rise of killings in Karachi, Benazir Bhutto's government was dismissed by the then President of Pakistan,
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3318:"Refworld | Pakistan: Investigation crucial after Karachi political activist tortured and killed in custody"
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3390:"Human Rights group alarmed at extra-judicial killings of MQM workers' by para-military force in Pakistan"
2544:
1319:
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4166:
3825:
2623:"Ratification of decisions by Altaf no longer required: Farooq Sattar — Pakistan — Dunya News"
974:
several documents highlighting gross human rights violations during the targeted operation against MQM.
881:
787:
353:
4448:
1867:"UNHCR | Refworld | Pakistan: Information on Mohajir/Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Altaf (MQM-A)"
1548:"MQM London dismisses Farooq Sattar from party's primary membership — Pakistan — Dunya News"
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4753:
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4639:
4339:
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4186:
4149:
3856:
2704:
2098:
Ahmed, Ishtiaq (1991), "The politics of ethnicity in Sindh: Changing perceptions of group identity",
940:
MNA Kanwar Naveed Jameed and MPA Kamran Farooqui have also been arrested by the paramilitary forces.
885:
343:
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6261:
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4321:
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481:
In August 2016, after Altaf Hussain's 22 August speech, there was military crackdown on the party.
249:
6514:
3317:
2195:"Detailed Position of Political Parties / Alliances In National Assembly General Elections - 2002"
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1962:
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668:
609:
594:
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260:
142:
3017:
2869:"Deadly factory fire: Activist says MQM men ignited Baldia blaze: Rangers | The Express Tribune"
2602:"Three MQM leaders remanded for three days in rioting, treason cases — The Express Tribune"
956:
justice Naqvi and Anti-Terror court has issued arrest warrants of Altaf Hussain numerous times.
558:, MQM emerged as the third strongest party in the country. This time, it made its alliance with
470:("United"). The MQM is generally known as a party that once held strong mobilizing potential in
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for issuing statements against MQM chief Altaf Hussain. MQM was also threatened by Taliban.
702:
539:
444:
3365:
3341:
1945:
Ahmar, Moonis (October 1996). "Ethnicity and State Power in Pakistan: The Karachi Crisis".
6518:
6361:
5854:
5468:
4571:
4460:
3649:
2225:
1718:
Haq, Farhat (1999-11-01). "Rise of the MQM in Pakistan: Politics of Ethnic Mobilization".
1658:
1217:
579:
511:
3488:"UN notified Pakistani state 3 times for 144 missing MQM workers: UN Human Rights letter"
2477:
2070:
Ethnic Conflict and Secessionism in South and Southeast Asia: Causes, Dynamics, Solutions
693:
In 2013, the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) filed a Rs 5 billion defamation suit against
2755:"In a first, MQM-Pakistan wants Altaf tried for high treason — The Express Tribune"
671:, MQM was accused of being anti-Pakistan and of planning a separatist break-away state,
6236:
6057:
5166:
4619:
4586:
4576:
4566:
4556:
4485:
2796:"US 'closely' monitoring arrests of MQM leaders: State Dept — The Express Tribune"
1694:
905:
713:
206:
3685:
2408:
2218:
1388:
The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir ethnic movements
17:
6533:
5685:
5575:
5570:
4609:
4495:
4470:
4433:
4266:
4171:
3739:
1866:
1371:
1126:
926:
644:
638:
486:
402:
385:
384:, you may see unjoined letters running left to right or other symbols instead of
375:
2012:
4990:
4778:
4581:
4516:
4438:
1187:
1029:
901:
897:
605:
223:
130:
70:
3655:"MQM brings ahead common man in polls: Chief Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry",
2994:"2012 Karachi factory fire an act of terrorism, with MQM involvement, report says"
2581:"Nine Zero sealed after MQM workers attack media house — The Express Tribune"
2198:
314:
3146:
2115:
Kashmir and Sindh: Nation-Building, Ethnicity and Regional Politics in South Asia
1891:
1754:
1529:
1485:
5966:
4965:
4819:
4675:
4629:
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4526:
3930:
3197:"Refworld | THE MOHAJIR QAUMI MOVEMENT (MQM) IN KARACHI JANUARY 1995-APRIL 1996"
381:
3196:
485:, the party headquarters in Karachi, was sealed, the party's leaders including
6341:
6062:
4985:
4970:
4844:
4551:
3246:
2643:"Farooq Sattar says MQM disowned Altaf Hussain, London Secretariat | SAMAA TV"
1634:"The Karachi ruling party 'run like the mafia' from an office block in London"
742:
698:
621:
601:
575:
567:
424:
253:
241:
3172:"Why Pakistan's army is targeting the MQM party | Asia | DW.COM | 23.08.2016"
2293:
2068:
Ghosh, Teesta (2003), "Ethnic Conflict in Sindh and its Impact on Pakistan",
952:
The speeches and images of Altaf Hussain have been banned by the decision of
962:
During the Nine Zero raid, MQM worker Waqas Shah was shot down by Ranger's 9
880:
Due to serious doubts over credibility of operation due to fake encounters,
858:
824:
672:
652:
482:
211:
2458:"London faction's election boycott can dent MQM-P vote bank, admits Sattar"
1869:. United States Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services. 2004-02-09
600:
The violence gripped urban Sindh politics in the late 1980s after General
6191:
5898:
4521:
4480:
4423:
4381:
2776:"MQM-London dissolves Rabita Committee, organizational set-up | SAMAA TV"
2338:
959:
Journalists have accepted that targeted operations are only against MQM.
780:
428:
265:
152:
2150:
604:'s era, and finally in 1992, the erstwhile government of Prime Minister
6351:
4418:
3596:"MQM-P in tight spot after London faction backs independent candidates"
1966:
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827:
money from owners. A documentary film is prepared on Factory fire name
656:
471:
215:
198:
2663:"MQM Pakistan revokes membership of London leaders from RC | ARY NEWS"
1401:
Talbot, Ian (2002), "The Punjabization of Pakistan: Myth or Reality",
474:, having traditionally been the dominant political force in the city.
6243:
3570:"Extrajudicial killings rise in Pakistan police crackdown in Karachi"
2970:"Why the Pakistani State Can't Seem to Figure Out the MQM in Karachi"
2502:"Karachi voters' turnout in 2018 polls lower than the 1988 elections"
2239:"Sindh Assembly General Election 2008 - Results & Party Position"
202:
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1958:
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122:
3268:"40pc of Aftab Ahmed's body covered in bruises, reveals postmortem"
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3041:
2705:"Nadeem Nusrat says MQM is nothing without its 'chief' | ARY NEWS"
2085:
Politics of Identity: Ethnic Nationalism and the State in Pakistan
1896:(illustrated ed.). Brookings Institution Press. p. 382.
1786:
1294:
MQM took part in local bodies by election from Union Committee 46
283:
279:
3414:"US concerned about allegations of rights violations in Pakistan"
1490:(illustrated ed.). Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 366.
589:
From 1992 to 1994, the MQM was the target of the Pakistan Army's
6130:
4624:
877:
conducted a second operation against MQM between 1994 and 1996.
643:
In the mid-1990s, MQM created widespread political violence and
448:
5944:
5613:
5216:
4874:
4393:
4354:
3934:
3689:
3070:"Major's kidnapping, Jinnahpur, 1992, 1994 anti-MQM operations"
732:
The party has won majority in the local government election of
2844:
2730:"Dailytimes | MQM-London 'sends packing' Farooq Sattar and Co"
2282:"Taliban Bomb Kills at Least 20 at a Pakistan Political Rally"
1834:"25 years on, MQM-H facing tough fight for political survival"
275:
39:
2102:, vol. 3, Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, p. 809
1419:
Cohen, Stephen P. (2011), "Pakistan: Arrival and Departure",
562:(IJI) to establish a provincial government in Sindh whereas
2687:
3064:
3062:
1924:"KARACHI: Families of 'missing' MQM workers still hopeful"
1484:
Mitra, Subrata Kumar; Mike Enskat; Clemens Spiess (2004).
763:
operations are held under its Karachi Tanzeemi Committee.
3675:
3680:
3650:
https://www.hrw.org/worldreport/Asia-09.htm#P823_214912
2527:"Mustafa Kamal, 3 others named in MQM Rabita Committee"
873:
During the tenure of Benazir Bhutto, interior minister
2339:"Pakistan MQM leader Altaf Hussain arrested in London"
1530:"Pakistan MQM party quits parliament 'over crackdown'"
1425:
The avowedly secular Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM)...
3670:
2821:ہرگزنہ لکھااورنہ پکاراجائے ۔ترجمان متحدہ قومی موومنٹ"
2562:
2169:"Where PPP, PML-N and MQM stood on Jinnahpur in 1992"
521:
The first political organization of Muhajirs, called
462:(which denoted the party's roots among the country's
328:
3620:"Has MQM-London unveiled its new election strategy?"
3464:"Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2015"
2895:"Rangers' report blames MQM for Baldia factory fire"
2433:"Unpredictable election results expected in Karachi"
2263:"MQM files Rs5bn defamation suit against Imran Khan"
2013:"Running Pakistan's biggest city — from London"
1756:
Conflict Between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia
1442:
Conflict between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia
6405:
6297:
6223:
6146:
6101:
5957:
5881:
5825:
5733:
5626:
5556:
5467:
5429:
5384:
5324:
5262:
5229:
5122:
5042:
4999:
4958:
4887:
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4741:
4658:
4602:
4595:
4509:
4406:
4159:
4071:
3968:
3881:
3865:
3849:
3818:
3797:
3781:
3764:
3748:
3732:
3293:"Autopsy report confirms Aftab tortured | SAMAA TV"
1610:. Amnesty International. 1996-02-01. Archived from
321:
307:
299:
271:
259:
235:
222:
194:
186:
171:
161:
151:
141:
129:
106:
2034:
1980:
1512:"UK envoy adds new dimension to Altaf controversy"
908:and military operation was initiated against MQM.
412:
6575:Political parties of minorities in United Kingdom
3648:(HRW). WORLD REPORT 1998, "Pakistan" (Dec 1997),
2944:"MQM pioneered 'bhatta' culture in Karachi: Asma"
2197:. Election Commission of Pakistan. Archived from
1573:"Born to run: The rise and leveling of the APMSO"
3316:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for.
3195:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for.
3145:Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for.
1726:(11). University of California Press: 990–1004.
1659:"Pakistan's Scheduled 2008 Election: Background"
648:MQM-A routinely denied involvement in violence.
2366:"What FP didn't say about the mayor of Karachi"
1802:
1800:
1759:(illustrated ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 277.
900:'s assassination, governor rule was imposed by
2391:"Mustafa Kamal second best mayor in the world"
2129:"Jinnah Pur map was a drama: Brigadier Imtiaz"
1664:. Congressional Research Service, Govt. of USA
1367:"Explainer: Pakistan's main political parties"
823:factory workers. MQM set fire factory to take
4366:
3946:
3701:
2313:Sherazi, Dawn com | Zahir Shah (2012-11-02).
2147:"Truth in allegations of Jinnahpur uncovered"
1460:"Second MQM strike halts activity in Karachi"
1322:candidates under the panel name "Wafa Parast"
229:All Pakistan Muttahidda Students Organization
8:
2409:"ECP — Election Commission of Pakistan"
1632:Walsh, Declan; Matthew Taylor (2007-06-02).
3096:Democracy in Pakistan: Crises and Conflicts
2162:
2160:
1440:Lyon, Peter (2008), "Mohajir Qaumi Mahaz",
717:released a Global Cities Index which named
5954:
5941:
5623:
5610:
5226:
5213:
4884:
4871:
4599:
4403:
4390:
4373:
4359:
4351:
3953:
3939:
3931:
3708:
3694:
3686:
2315:"Pakistani Taliban threaten to target MQM"
2280:Walsh, Declan; Khan, Ismail (2013-05-07).
2100:Asian Societies in Comparative Perspective
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1608:"Pakistan: Human rights crisis in Karachi"
981:
454:It was founded as a student organization,
407:
313:
112:
103:
69:. Please do not remove this message until
4307:Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Parliamentarians
2688:"Leaders of political parties — ECP"
2545:"MQM announces names of newly formed CEC"
1982:"Mysterious world of a movement in exile"
1713:
1711:
1423:, The Brookings Institution, p. 22,
983:Electoral history and performance of MQM
523:All Pakistan Muhajir Student Organization
456:All Pakistan Muhajir Student Organization
89:Learn how and when to remove this message
2063:
2061:
2036:"Fighting Benazir by fax from Mill Hill"
1885:
1883:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
922:hundreds of MQM offices were bulldozed.
65:Relevant discussion may be found on the
4197:Pakistan Peoples Party (Shaheed Bhutto)
1403:Pakistan: Nationalism without a Nation?
1329:
1311:
853:Operation Clean-up was started by late
2149:. Geo News. 2009-08-24. Archived from
1691:"25 years of MQM: a critical analysis"
1602:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1435:
1433:
1414:
1412:
1335:
1333:
912:Karachi targeted action (2013–present)
840:Pakka Qila Operation (26, 27 May 1990)
542:and had several mayors win unopposed.
6565:Political parties established in 1984
6555:Muttahida Qaumi Movement MPAs (Sindh)
2364:Keating, Joshua (November 12, 2008).
466:) from its name and replaced it with
7:
6560:Muttahida Qaumi Movement politicians
5863:Securities & Exchange Commission
1341:"WILL THE REAL MQM PLEASE STAND UP?"
944:Human rights violations by the state
802:contest new elections on their own.
3718:Muttahida Qaumi Movement – Pakistan
2478:"The Battle for Karachi | Newsline"
406:
29:Muttahida Qaumi Movement – Pakistan
5531:Counter Terrorism Department (CTD)
25:
6540:Muttahida Qaumi Movement – London
3921:Category:Muttahida Qaumi Movement
3889:Muttahida Qaumi Movement – London
3121:"Benazir violated rules: Leghari"
1657:Kronstadt, K. Alan (2008-01-24).
1571:Paracha, Nadeem F. (2012-08-23).
1254:Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Pakistan
970:confirming death due to torture.
6513:
6504:
6503:
5536:Pakistani Intelligence community
3915:
3914:
3594:Azfar-ul-Ashfaque (2024-02-06).
3248:Who Killed MQM Worker Waqas Shah
1832:Azfar-ul-Ashfaque (2017-06-15).
925:Many journalists opine that the
366:
121:
44:
5924:Redundant Islamic economisation
4282:Bahawalpur National Awami Party
4212:Mohajir Qaumi Movement Pakistan
3904:Mohajir Qaumi Movement Pakistan
2047:from the original on 2022-06-18
2011:Lawson, Alastair (2007-05-16).
1993:from the original on 2022-06-18
1689:Peshimam, Gibran (2009-03-18).
1487:Political parties in South Asia
1000:Presiding Convener of the party
508:MQM insurrection (1994–present)
478:crackdown on party supporters.
101:Political party in Pakistan
33:Muhajir Qaumi Movement – Haqiqi
4202:Pakistan Peoples Party Workers
3513:"Pakistan Passes illegal bill"
3170:(www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle.
2893:Siddiqui, Tahir (2015-02-07).
1951:University of California Press
1386:Siddiqi, Farhan Hanif (2012),
849:Operation Clean-up (1992–1994)
415:Muttaḥidah Qọ̄mī Mūwmaṅṫ
1:
3962:Political parties in Pakistan
3093:Bahadur, Kalim (1998-01-01).
3042:"Hyderabad: MQM's Pucca Qila"
2033:Ford, Jonathan (1995-07-13).
1930:. 22 Feb 2010. Archived from
1290:Post split election campaigns
4302:National Democratic Movement
4247:Tehreek-e-Jafaria (Pakistan)
3873:Pakistan Democratic Movement
2918:Husain, Irfan (2018-03-10).
2167:Abbasi, Ansar (2009-09-03).
1989:. London. 15 November 2007.
1809:"Timeline: A history of MQM"
835:State operations against MQM
721:as Mayor of the Moment, but
500:MQM insurrection (1978–1992)
6545:Liberal parties in Pakistan
5723:Water supply and sanitation
4222:Jammu Kashmir Peoples Party
4207:Pakistan Christian Congress
4192:Communist Party of Pakistan
2117:, Anthem Press, p. 131
1458:Web Desk (April 26, 2013).
929:is behind the formation of
818:Karachi Baldia Town factory
584:Inter-Services Intelligence
413:
218:(former/demolished in 2016)
71:conditions to do so are met
6591:
4312:Haq Do Tehreek Balochistan
4232:Jeay Sindh Muttahida Mahaz
4177:Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan
3810:Khidmat-e-Khalq Foundation
3099:. Har-Anand Publications.
2171:. The News. Archived from
1890:Cohen, Stephen P. (2004).
1693:. The News. Archived from
636:
497:
26:
6494:
5953:
5940:
5919:Public-private partnering
5622:
5609:
5242:National Security Council
5225:
5212:
4883:
4870:
4402:
4389:
4335:List of political parties
4330:
4237:Sindh Taraqi Pasand Party
3912:
3725:
3511:Wolf, Lucien (Sep 2015).
2920:"MQM: decline & fall"
1444:, ABC-CLIO, p. 115,
875:General Naseerullah Babar
626:
571:
556:elections of October 1990
339:
326:
312:
120:
6550:Muttahida Qaumi Movement
4182:Pakistan Rah-e-Haq Party
3676:MQM USA Official Website
1390:, Routledge, p. 116
991:Voting percentile %
695:Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf
395:Muttahida Qaumi Movement
109:Muttahida Qaumi Movement
27:Not to be confused with
4671:Second Anglo-Afghan War
4277:Hazara Democratic Party
4262:Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan
4252:Islami Tehreek Pakistan
3756:Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui
3681:MQM UK Official Website
2224:18 January 2013 at the
1807:Dawn.com (2013-05-25).
1405:, Zed Books, p. 65
633:Accusations of violence
574:), which was formed by
560:Islami Jamhoori Ittehad
464:Urdu-speaking community
443:based in Pakistan. Its
441:Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui
419:), previously known as
261:Political position
175:18 March 1984
5904:Military economisation
5509:Enforced disappearance
5292:Provincial governments
4833:Balochistan insurgency
4691:Hindi–Urdu controversy
4681:Third Anglo-Afghan War
4635:First Anglo-Afghan War
4272:Pakistan Awami Tehreek
4227:Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz
2817:"متحدہ قومی موومنٹ کو
2113:Das, Suranjan (2001),
1953:. pp. 1031–1048.
1421:The future of Pakistan
1163:In alliance with PML-Q
1132:In alliance with PML-N
1067:In alliance with PML-N
882:extrajudicial killings
620:governments. Whereas,
544:Pakistan Peoples Party
421:Muhajir Qaumi Movement
374:This article contains
190:Muhajir Qaumi Movement
18:Mohajir Qaumi Movement
6014:Gender discrimination
5411:Federal Shariat Court
5376:Provincial assemblies
4645:Second Anglo-Sikh War
4547:Muhammad ibn al-Qasim
4287:Jamote Qaumi Movement
4267:Awami Tahreek (Sindh)
4217:Jamhoori Wattan Party
4167:Sunni Ittehad Council
3826:Pakistani nationalism
1302:by a healthy margin.
869:Operation (1994–1996)
788:General Raheel Sharif
749:Election Boycott 2018
637:Further information:
6473:World Heritage Sites
6448:Mausolea and shrines
5894:Directive investment
5196:World Heritage Sites
5130:Archaeological sites
5065:Environmental issues
4754:Monarchy of Pakistan
4749:Dominion of Pakistan
4640:First Anglo-Sikh War
4340:Politics of Pakistan
4317:Haqooq-e-Khalq Party
4187:Pakistan Green Party
3866:National affiliation
3671:MQM Official Website
3657:Pakistan State Times
3245:S.I.M (2015-03-11),
2083:Khan, Adeel (2005),
1893:The idea of Pakistan
1753:Lyon, Peter (2008).
1193:In alliance with PPP
1035:In alliance with PPP
896:In the aftermath of
886:Farooq Ahmed Laghari
859:Jinnahpur conspiracy
663:Jinnahpur Conspiracy
431:that was founded by
344:Politics of Pakistan
6570:Politics of Karachi
5947:Society and Culture
5873:Trading Corporation
5681:Planning Commission
5270:National government
4322:Awami Workers Party
4297:Mazdoor Kisan Party
3899:Pak Sarzameen Party
3831:Muhajir nationalism
2873:The Express Tribune
2736:. 22 September 2016
2711:. 20 September 2016
2669:. 20 September 2016
2397:. 10 November 2008.
2087:, Sage, p. 163
2072:, Sage, p. 111
1279:Nisar Ahmed Panhwar
984:
954:Lahore High Court's
785:Chief of Army Staff
725:gave all credit to
427:political party in
250:Muhajir nationalism
58:of this article is
5701:Telecommunications
5593:Civil Armed Forces
5541:Capital punishment
5359:National Assembly
4774:Liaquat–Nehru Pact
4711:Jinnah's 14 Points
4615:East India Company
4257:Jamiat Ahle Hadith
4242:Sindh United Party
3850:Political position
3646:Human Rights Watch
3418:The Indian Express
3074:www.thenews.com.pk
3018:"Discount Workers"
2563:"MQM USA official"
2286:The New York Times
2015:. BBC News, London
1347:. 10 December 2023
1102:Operation Blue Fox
982:
927:Army establishment
855:general Asif Nawaz
809:Naming controversy
669:Operation Clean-up
610:Operation Clean-up
591:Operation Clean-up
6527:
6526:
6490:
6489:
6486:
6485:
6413:Botanical gardens
6362:Marathon (Lahore)
5936:
5935:
5932:
5931:
5899:Industrialisation
5882:Policy programmes
5696:Tallest buildings
5605:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5454:Political parties
5444:Foreign relations
5208:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5157:Natural disasters
5050:Botanical gardens
4866:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4721:Direct Action Day
4716:Lahore Resolution
4706:Two nation theory
4696:Pakistan Movement
4449:Hellenic Pakistan
4348:
4347:
4292:Qaumi Watan Party
3970:National Assembly
3928:
3927:
3836:Social liberalism
3789:Syed Aminul Haque
3782:Prominent leaders
3774:(Deputy Convener)
2734:dailytimes.com.pk
2135:. 24 August 2009.
1934:on 23 April 2010.
1766:978-1-57607-712-2
1697:on August 6, 2009
1536:. 12 August 2015.
1287:
1286:
988:General elections
978:Electoral history
595:Muhajir civilians
533:Late 1986 to 1990
504:Operation Cleanup
408:متحدہ قومی موومنٹ
382:rendering support
362:
361:
349:Political parties
303:Empowering People
246:Social liberalism
157:Mustafa Azizabadi
113:متحدہ قومی موومنٹ
99:
98:
91:
16:(Redirected from
6582:
6517:
6507:
6506:
5972:British heritage
5955:
5942:
5858:
5850:Investment board
5718:Water management
5624:
5611:
5362:
5347:
5339:
5309:Local government
5227:
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4981:Pothohar Plateau
4885:
4872:
4759:Governor-General
4686:Aligarh Movement
4625:Sikh Confederacy
4600:
4517:Indo-Hephthalite
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3606:
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3559:
3557:
3556:
3547:. Archived from
3545:Siasat.pk Forums
3537:
3531:
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3508:
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2819:ایم کیوایم لندن
2813:
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2589:
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2577:
2571:
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2559:
2553:
2552:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2529:. Archived from
2523:
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2269:. July 23, 2013.
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2180:
2175:on July 16, 2015
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2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1984:
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1971:
1970:
1949:. Vol. 36.
1942:
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1345:Dawn (newspaper)
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1025:
985:
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892:Operation (1998)
829:Discount workers
703:Sindh High Court
628:
573:
445:electoral symbol
418:
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335:
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187:Preceded by
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6277:Public holidays
6219:
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5909:Nationalisation
5889:Corporatisation
5877:
5856:
5821:
5800:Pharmaceuticals
5729:
5671:Fuel extraction
5618:
5597:
5552:
5521:Law enforcement
5463:
5425:
5421:District Courts
5394:Supreme Council
5380:
5360:
5345:
5336:Majlis-e-Shoora
5333:
5320:
5302:Chief Ministers
5258:
5221:
5200:
5145:weather records
5118:
5075:Protected areas
5038:
4995:
4954:
4879:
4854:
4783:
4764:Princely states
4737:
4654:
4591:
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4461:Seleucid Empire
4451:
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3727:Founded in 2016
3721:
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3659:(2012 April 10)
3642:
3640:Further reading
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3370:www.amnesty.org
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3346:www.amnesty.org
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1987:The Independent
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1222:
1218:Faisal Sabzwari
1214:
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1192:
1184:
1181:
1162:
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777:
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758:Party structure
751:
685:
683:2001 to present
665:
641:
635:
552:
535:
519:
514:
512:Operation Lyari
496:
391:
390:
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380:Without proper
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6237:Shalwar kameez
6227:
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5706:Transportation
5703:
5698:
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5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5662:
5661:
5656:
5651:
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5627:Infrastructure
5620:
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5314:Union councils
5306:
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5304:
5299:
5289:
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5287:
5285:Prime Minister
5282:
5277:
5266:
5264:
5260:
5259:
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5109:
5104:
5094:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5080:national parks
5072:
5067:
5062:
5060:Climate change
5057:
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5040:
5039:
5037:
5036:
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5016:
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4859:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4850:Liberalization
4847:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4838:KPK insurgency
4835:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
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4507:
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4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4486:Indo-Scythians
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4466:Greco-Bactrian
4463:
4458:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
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4408:
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4169:
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4141:
4135:
4129:
4128:IND (FATA) (2)
4126:
4120:
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3666:
3665:External links
3663:
3662:
3661:
3652:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3611:
3586:
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3532:
3520:kcwtoday.co.uk
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3033:
3022:One World 2020
3009:
2985:
2968:Jamal, Umair.
2960:
2935:
2910:
2885:
2860:
2845:"MQM Pakistan"
2836:
2808:
2787:
2767:
2746:
2721:
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2654:
2634:
2614:
2593:
2572:
2554:
2551:. 20 Nov 2011.
2536:
2533:on 2015-04-13.
2518:
2493:
2469:
2449:
2424:
2400:
2382:
2370:Foreign Policy
2356:
2330:
2305:
2272:
2254:
2230:
2219:Party position
2211:
2186:
2156:
2153:on 2009-08-27.
2138:
2120:
2105:
2090:
2075:
2057:
2025:
2003:
1972:
1937:
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1518:. 16 May 2013.
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1111:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1001:
998:
995:
994:Voting turnout
992:
989:
979:
976:
945:
942:
919:Chaudhry Nisar
913:
910:
906:Sindh province
893:
890:
870:
867:
865:torture case.
850:
847:
841:
838:
836:
833:
819:
816:
810:
807:
776:
773:
759:
756:
750:
747:
714:Foreign Policy
684:
681:
664:
661:
634:
631:
551:
548:
534:
531:
518:
515:
495:
492:
372:
365:
364:
363:
360:
359:
357:
356:
351:
346:
340:
337:
336:
324:
323:
319:
318:
310:
309:
305:
304:
301:
297:
296:
273:
269:
268:
263:
257:
256:
239:
233:
232:
226:
220:
219:
207:United Kingdom
196:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
155:
149:
148:
145:
139:
138:
133:
127:
126:
118:
117:
111:
108:
107:
100:
97:
96:
79:September 2023
52:
50:
43:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6587:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6537:
6535:
6520:
6516:
6512:
6510:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6496:
6493:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6438:Hindu temples
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6410:
6408:
6404:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
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6302:
6300:
6296:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6268:
6265:
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6260:
6258:
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6250:
6246:
6245:
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6234:
6233:
6232:
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6222:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
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6198:
6194:
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6189:
6188:
6187:
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6179:
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6174:
6172:
6169:
6165:
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6160:
6157:
6155:
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6151:
6149:
6145:
6139:
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6132:
6129:
6128:
6127:
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6122:
6119:
6117:
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6112:
6109:
6108:
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6100:
6094:
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6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6068:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
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6044:
6041:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6032:
6029:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
5998:
5995:
5994:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5956:
5952:
5948:
5943:
5939:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5914:Privatisation
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5880:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5868:Stock markets
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5839:
5836:
5835:
5834:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5824:
5818:
5815:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5784:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5736:
5732:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5719:
5716:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5635:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5612:
5608:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5559:
5555:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5502:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5466:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5428:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5405:
5404:Chief Justice
5402:
5401:
5400:
5399:Supreme Court
5397:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5387:
5383:
5377:
5374:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5361:(lower house)
5357:
5353:
5350:
5349:
5348:
5346:(upper house)
5342:
5341:
5340:
5337:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5323:
5315:
5312:
5311:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5261:
5255:
5252:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5197:
5194:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5121:
5115:
5112:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5095:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5085:game reserves
5083:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5041:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4998:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4957:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4873:
4869:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4829:Insurgencies
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4810:1971 Movement
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4740:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4701:Muslim League
4699:
4698:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4657:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
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4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4598:
4594:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4501:Indo-Sassanid
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4491:Indo-Parthian
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4455:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
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4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4392:
4388:
4383:
4376:
4371:
4369:
4364:
4362:
4357:
4356:
4353:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
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4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
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4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4172:Sunni Tehreek
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4160:Unrepresented
4158:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4063:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3951:
3949:
3944:
3942:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3923:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3894:Altaf Hussain
3892:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3842:
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3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3780:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3741:
3740:Farooq Sattar
3738:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3724:
3720:
3711:
3706:
3704:
3699:
3697:
3692:
3691:
3688:
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3679:
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3672:
3669:
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3647:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3625:
3621:
3615:
3612:
3601:
3597:
3590:
3587:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3551:on 2017-01-02
3550:
3546:
3542:
3536:
3533:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3504:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3469:
3468:www.state.gov
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3141:
3138:
3126:
3122:
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3106:9788124100837
3102:
3098:
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2357:
2345:. 3 June 2014
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2212:
2201:on 2010-11-30
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2014:
2007:
2004:
1992:
1988:
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1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1941:
1938:
1933:
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1919:
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1905:
1903:0-8157-1502-1
1899:
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1614:on 2006-11-04
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1497:0-275-96832-4
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1397:
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1382:
1379:
1375:. 6 May 2013.
1374:
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1372:Aljazeera.com
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1135:In Opposition
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1128:
1127:Farooq Sattar
1125:
1118:
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1099:
1097:Altaf Hussain
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1071:In Opposition
1065:
1063:Altaf Hussain
1062:
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1049:
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1039:In Opposition
1033:
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6499:Basic topics
6332:Field hockey
6242:
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6190:
6154:Architecture
6103:Demographics
6088:Urbanisation
6073:Prostitution
6031:Human rights
5997:Institutions
5504:Human rights
5477:Constitution
5335:
5174:Subdivisions
5123:Other topics
4991:Sistan Basin
4825:Islamisation
4800:Indus Treaty
4795:1947–present
4779:Baghdad Pact
4733:Independence
4603:Pre-colonial
4434:Indo-Iranics
4429:Indus Valley
3888:
3656:
3627:. Retrieved
3623:
3614:
3603:. Retrieved
3599:
3589:
3578:. Retrieved
3576:. 2016-08-10
3573:
3564:
3553:. Retrieved
3549:the original
3544:
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3523:. Retrieved
3519:
3506:
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3491:
3482:
3471:. Retrieved
3467:
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3447:. Retrieved
3445:. 2014-04-30
3442:
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3420:. 2016-08-31
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3274:. 2016-05-05
3271:
3262:
3252:, retrieved
3247:
3240:
3229:. Retrieved
3227:. 2015-08-26
3224:
3215:
3204:. Retrieved
3200:
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3175:
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3154:. Retrieved
3150:
3140:
3129:. Retrieved
3127:. 2003-12-28
3124:
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3095:
3088:
3077:. Retrieved
3073:
3050:. Retrieved
3048:. 2007-12-21
3045:
3036:
3025:. Retrieved
3021:
3012:
3001:. Retrieved
2998:gulfnews.com
2997:
2988:
2977:. Retrieved
2973:
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2952:. Retrieved
2950:. 2011-09-06
2947:
2938:
2927:. Retrieved
2923:
2913:
2902:. Retrieved
2898:
2888:
2877:. Retrieved
2875:. 2015-03-15
2872:
2863:
2852:. Retrieved
2849:MQM Pakistan
2848:
2839:
2828:. Retrieved
2824:
2818:
2811:
2800:. Retrieved
2798:. 2016-09-17
2790:
2779:. Retrieved
2770:
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2757:. 2016-09-21
2749:
2738:. Retrieved
2733:
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2713:. Retrieved
2708:
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2646:. Retrieved
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2626:. Retrieved
2617:
2606:. Retrieved
2604:. 2016-08-23
2596:
2585:. Retrieved
2583:. 2016-08-22
2575:
2566:
2557:
2548:
2539:
2531:the original
2521:
2510:. Retrieved
2508:. 2018-07-31
2505:
2496:
2485:. Retrieved
2481:
2472:
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2452:
2441:. Retrieved
2439:. 2018-07-06
2436:
2427:
2416:. Retrieved
2412:
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2373:. Retrieved
2369:
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2242:
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2203:. Retrieved
2199:the original
2189:
2177:. Retrieved
2173:the original
2151:the original
2141:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2108:
2099:
2093:
2084:
2078:
2069:
2049:. Retrieved
2040:
2028:
2017:. Retrieved
2006:
1995:. Retrieved
1986:
1975:
1947:Asian Survey
1946:
1940:
1932:the original
1927:
1918:
1907:. Retrieved
1892:
1871:. Retrieved
1841:. Retrieved
1837:
1827:
1816:. Retrieved
1812:
1791:KKF official
1790:
1781:
1770:. Retrieved
1755:
1748:
1723:
1720:Asian Survey
1719:
1699:. Retrieved
1695:the original
1666:. Retrieved
1652:
1641:. Retrieved
1638:The Guardian
1637:
1627:
1616:. Retrieved
1612:the original
1580:. Retrieved
1576:
1566:
1555:. Retrieved
1552:dunyanews.tv
1551:
1542:
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1524:
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1467:. Retrieved
1463:
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1420:
1402:
1396:
1387:
1381:
1370:
1361:
1349:. Retrieved
1344:
1314:
1300:MQM-Pakistan
1293:
1188:Babar Ghauri
1030:Imran Farooq
972:
968:
961:
958:
951:
947:
939:
935:MQM-Pakistan
924:
915:
902:Nawaz Sharif
898:Hakeem Saeed
895:
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863:major kaleem
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606:Nawaz Sharif
599:
588:
553:
550:1990 to 1999
536:
527:quota system
520:
480:
476:
467:
453:
437:MQM-Pakistan
420:
414:
398:
394:
392:
373:
224:Student wing
195:Headquarters
143:Spokesperson
85:
76:
54:
37:
6372:Paralympics
6267:Nationalism
6262:Gun culture
6121:Immigration
5967:Aurat March
5748:Agriculture
5666:Foreign aid
5634:Electricity
5459:Martial law
5416:High Courts
5332:Parliament
5325:Legislative
5162:earthquakes
5090:sanctuaries
5043:Environment
5009:Coal fields
4976:Indus Plain
4966:Arabian Sea
4820:Project-706
4676:Durand Line
4666:British Raj
4630:Sikh Empire
4527:Rai dynasty
4452: [
4062:Independent
3857:Centre-left
3443:Dailymotion
3225:Dailymotion
2825:www.mqm.org
2179:23 November
1787:"About KKF"
1320:Independent
781:ARY channel
775:Controversy
386:Urdu script
147:Aftab Baqai
6534:Categories
6418:Cemeteries
6357:Motorsport
6342:Gillidanda
6205:Philosophy
6186:Literature
6063:Pakistanis
6019:Healthcare
5857:(currency)
5758:Automotive
5280:Ministries
5263:Government
5219:Governance
5055:Ecoregions
5024:Oil fields
5014:Gas fields
4986:Salt Range
4971:Gwadar Bay
4945:Waterfalls
4935:Topography
4845:Kargil War
4476:Indo-Greek
4444:Achaemenid
4439:Indo-Aryan
3841:Secularism
3765:Leadership
3629:2017-04-18
3624:www.geo.tv
3605:2024-02-06
3580:2017-01-01
3555:2017-01-01
3497:2017-01-01
3473:2017-01-01
3449:2017-01-01
3424:2017-01-01
3399:2017-01-01
3375:2017-01-01
3366:"Document"
3351:2017-01-01
3342:"Document"
3327:2017-01-01
3302:2017-01-01
3278:2017-01-01
3254:2017-01-01
3231:2017-01-01
3206:2017-01-01
3181:2017-01-01
3156:2020-12-14
3131:2017-01-07
3079:2017-01-01
3052:2017-01-07
3027:2021-03-14
3003:2021-03-14
2979:2021-03-14
2954:2021-03-14
2948:The Nation
2929:2021-03-14
2904:2018-09-22
2879:2018-09-22
2854:2016-10-24
2830:2016-10-24
2802:2016-09-23
2781:2016-09-23
2761:2016-09-23
2740:2016-09-23
2715:2016-09-20
2709:arynews.tv
2673:2016-09-23
2667:arynews.tv
2648:2016-09-23
2628:2016-09-23
2608:2016-09-23
2587:2016-09-24
2512:2019-10-15
2487:2018-07-27
2463:2018-07-27
2443:2018-07-27
2437:The Nation
2418:2016-08-26
2413:ecp.gov.pk
2324:2023-01-02
2299:2023-01-02
2248:2023-01-03
2205:2009-08-04
2133:The Nation
2051:2009-08-06
2019:2009-08-03
1997:2009-06-23
1909:2009-07-30
1873:2009-08-26
1843:2023-01-03
1818:2023-01-03
1772:2009-08-03
1701:2009-08-04
1668:2009-07-28
1643:2009-08-02
1618:2009-07-26
1582:2023-01-03
1557:2016-10-14
1351:30 January
1306:References
743:Mirpurkhas
699:Imran Khan
622:MQM Haqiqi
602:Zia ul-Haq
576:Afaq Ahmad
570:(English:
568:MQM Haqiqi
498:See also:
439:is run by
308:Party flag
254:Secularism
242:Liberalism
179:1984-03-18
56:neutrality
6443:Libraries
6433:Gurdwaras
6307:Athletics
6257:Etiquette
6224:Lifestyle
6176:Festivals
6126:Languages
6116:Ethnicity
6024:Hospitals
6004:Feudalism
5992:Education
5845:Companies
5773:Husbandry
5743:Aerospace
5588:Air force
5546:Terrorism
5449:Feudalism
5439:Elections
5297:Governors
5237:President
5184:districts
5179:provinces
5029:Volcanoes
4920:Mountains
4877:Geography
4728:Partition
4650:Rebellion
4552:Ghaznavid
4414:Stone age
3772:Amir Khan
2294:0362-4331
2243:UrduPoint
1296:Hyderabad
1207:2,456,153
1177:2,507,813
1053:1,172,525
1019:1,068,868
1006:position
831:in 2020.
825:Extortion
738:Hyderabad
711:In 2008,
697:chairman
673:Jinnahpur
653:terrorism
645:militancy
580:Amir Khan
540:Hyderabad
483:Nine Zero
468:Muttahida
376:Urdu text
354:Elections
212:Nine Zero
67:talk page
6509:Category
6468:Stadiums
6423:Churches
6392:Swimming
6367:Olympics
6337:Football
6312:Baseball
6231:Clothing
6210:Textiles
6192:Mushaira
6181:Folklore
6111:Diaspora
6078:Religion
6043:Marriage
6009:Feminism
5826:Commerce
5805:Textiles
5768:Forestry
5735:Industry
5558:Military
5431:Politics
5386:Judicial
5352:Chairman
5097:Wildlife
5019:Minerals
4950:Wetlands
4905:Glaciers
4888:Features
4815:1971 War
4805:1965 War
4788:Republic
4769:1947 War
4742:Dominion
4659:Colonial
4522:Kambojas
4510:Medieval
4481:Gandhara
4424:Mehrgarh
4384:articles
4382:Pakistan
3882:See also
3819:Ideology
3749:Convener
3600:DAWN.COM
3394:OpEdNews
3322:Refworld
3297:Samaa TV
3272:DAWN.COM
3201:Refworld
3151:Refworld
3125:DAWN.COM
3046:DAWN.COM
2924:DAWN.COM
2899:DAWN.COM
2482:Newsline
2343:BBC News
2319:DAWN.COM
2222:Archived
2045:Archived
1991:Archived
1838:DAWN.COM
1813:DAWN.COM
1577:DAWN.COM
1516:The News
1469:29 April
1212:24 / 272
1182:25 / 272
1154:13 / 272
1121:12 / 207
1058:15 / 207
1024:13 / 207
627:"United"
572:Real MQM
517:Founding
429:Pakistan
237:Ideology
153:Convener
60:disputed
6458:Museums
6453:Mosques
6352:Kabaddi
6327:Cycling
6322:Cricket
6287:Symbols
6252:Cuisine
6215:Theatre
5987:Divorce
5982:Culture
5959:Society
5833:Banking
5817:Tourism
5763:Fishery
5753:Defence
5711:Bridges
5691:Poverty
5676:Housing
5649:Nuclear
5639:Thermal
5616:Economy
5581:Marines
5566:History
5367:Speaker
5344:Senate
5275:Cabinet
5152:Borders
5140:Climate
5135:Borders
5070:Forests
5001:Geology
4940:Valleys
4910:Islands
4900:Deserts
4895:Beaches
4620:Durrani
4587:Timurid
4572:Tughlaq
4542:Solanki
4419:Soanian
4407:Ancient
4396:History
3733:Founder
3574:Reuters
2567:MQM USA
2506:ARYNEWS
2349:June 3,
1967:2645632
1740:2645723
1273:0 / 266
1244:0 / 272
1239: –
1149: –
1116:764,207
1092:0 / 207
1087: –
904:in the
734:Karachi
701:at the
667:During
657:fascist
554:In the
494:History
472:Karachi
460:Muhajir
425:secular
423:, is a
322:Website
231:(APMSO)
216:Karachi
199:Edgware
177: (
172:Founded
162:Founder
6519:Portal
6406:Places
6397:Tennis
6387:Squash
6317:Boxing
6299:Sports
6244:Mehndi
6159:Cinema
6058:Naming
6053:Me Too
5855:Rupee
5795:Mining
5778:Labour
5526:Police
5189:cities
5167:floods
5034:Floods
4930:Rivers
4925:Passes
4610:Mughal
4596:Modern
4577:Sayyid
4567:Khalji
4562:Mamluk
4557:Ghurid
4496:Kushan
4471:Maurya
4454:simple
4073:Senate
3525:17 Sep
3176:DW.COM
3103:
2375:27 May
2292:
1965:
1900:
1763:
1738:
1494:
964:
857:after
597:dead.
510:, and
447:was a
300:Slogan
294:
291:
288:
272:Colors
266:Centre
203:London
131:Leader
6463:Parks
6428:Forts
6382:Rugby
6282:Songs
6272:Flags
6200:Music
6171:Dance
6164:Films
6138:Youth
6093:Women
6048:Media
5977:Crime
5838:Banks
5790:Media
5783:Child
5654:Solar
5644:Hydro
5230:State
5107:fauna
5102:flora
4959:Areas
4915:Lakes
4532:Shahi
4456:]
4144:PML–F
4138:BNP–M
4123:PKMAP
4117:JUI–F
4105:MQM–P
4081:PML–N
4050:PKNAP
4044:PKMAP
4032:PML–Z
4020:BNP–M
4008:PML–Q
4002:JUI–F
3996:MQM–P
3980:(114)
3978:PML–N
3805:APMSO
3798:Wings
3516:(PDF)
2691:(PDF)
1963:JSTOR
1736:JSTOR
1662:(PDF)
1252:See:
1204:5.41%
1100:See:
1016:5.37%
723:Kamal
284:white
280:green
6478:Zoos
6377:Polo
6347:Golf
6147:Arts
6131:Urdu
6083:Time
6067:list
6036:LGBT
5810:Silk
5686:Post
5659:Wind
5576:Navy
5571:Army
5514:LGBT
5114:Zoos
4582:Lodi
4537:Pala
4111:NP–P
4095:(18)
4089:(20)
4083:(33)
4038:NP–P
3998:(22)
3992:(73)
3986:(93)
3527:2015
3101:ISBN
2549:Dawn
2395:Dawn
2377:2013
2351:2014
2290:ISSN
2267:Dawn
2181:2009
1928:Dawn
1898:ISBN
1761:ISBN
1492:ISBN
1471:2013
1353:2024
1261:2024
1230:2018
1200:2013
1174:7.4%
1170:2008
1146:3.1%
1142:2002
1113:4.0%
1109:1997
1078:1993
1046:1990
1012:1988
933:and
861:and
736:and
578:and
449:kite
403:Urdu
393:The
333:.org
331:.mqm
282:and
53:The
5497:PCO
5492:WPB
5487:PPC
5482:LFO
5469:Law
5254:NCA
5247:CNS
4152:(1)
4150:ANP
4146:(1)
4140:(1)
4134:(2)
4132:JIP
4125:(3)
4119:(4)
4113:(5)
4107:(5)
4101:(8)
4099:BAP
4093:PTI
4087:PPP
4064:(8)
4058:(1)
4056:MWM
4052:(1)
4046:(1)
4040:(1)
4034:(1)
4028:(1)
4026:BAP
4022:(2)
4016:(4)
4014:IPP
4010:(4)
4004:(9)
3990:PPP
3984:PTI
2228:ECP
1955:doi
1728:doi
1534:BBC
1318:as
931:PSP
629:).
564:IJI
401:) (
399:MQM
329:www
276:Red
31:or
6536::
3622:.
3598:.
3572:.
3543:.
3518:.
3490:.
3466:.
3441:.
3416:.
3392:.
3368:.
3344:.
3320:.
3295:.
3270:.
3223:.
3199:.
3174:.
3149:.
3123:.
3072:.
3061:^
3044:.
3020:.
2996:.
2972:.
2946:.
2922:.
2897:.
2871:.
2847:.
2823:.
2732:.
2707:.
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