226:, which was recovering its position as the most significant religious center in Iran. He established himself by, among other things, handing out harsh legal judgments, lashing moral offenders, destroying wine cellars and musical instruments, expelling prostitutes from the city, and fining drunkards. He also allegedly took up the task of executing around 70 people he had sentenced to death. In one instance, Shafti beheaded a pederasty suspect and then led the prayers during the body's burial. He was the leader of a well-liked teaching group, seized the management of disputed or unclaimed religious endowments (
28:
235:
At the time, Isfahan had only recently started to recover after decades of decline and depopulation. Together with a merchant from Gilan, Shafti conducted business, bought property, and amassed wealth through prudent investments and even money lending, which was against the prohibition against
355:
350:
316:
360:
345:
269:
Ahmad Kazemi
Moussavi: "The Institutionalization of Marja'-i Taqlīd in the Nineteenth Century Shī'ite Community."
142:
173:
340:
335:
222:
Despite not being a resident of the city, Shafti steadily advanced in the religious hierarchy in
312:
122:
164:
232:), and accumulated substantial private holdings like villages, farms, and retail malls.
329:
150:
304:
159:
146:
57:
204:
130:
53:
183:). This title was bestowed upon him in recognition of his double role as both
138:
90:
79:
33:
154:
223:
212:
134:
110:
75:
192:
237:
216:
208:
188:
184:
27:
228:
100:
211:. He had spent a significant amount of time in Iran getting a
283:
281:
279:
178:
106:
96:
86:
64:
46:
41:
18:
191:, as well as his book about the implementation of
260:. State University of New York Press, S. 205–206
203:Shafti belonged to an impoverished family from
215:education and had attended the most relevant
8:
273:. Band 84, Nr. 3–4, S. 279–299, 2007, S. 296
145:in Isfahan was built by him. According to
26:
15:
249:
287:
256:Seyyed Vali Reza Nasr, Hamid Dabashi:
7:
168:
126:
14:
1:
258:Expectation of the Millennium
32:Image of Shafti, created in
356:19th-century Iranian people
351:18th-century Iranian people
271:Journal of The Muslim World
179:
153:, he is probably the first
377:
311:. Yale University Press.
25:
309:Iran: A Modern History
157:to be given the title
119:Mohammad Bagher Shafti
20:Mohammad Bagher Shafti
361:People of Qajar Iran
207:, 15 miles south of
133:– 22 March 1844 in
346:Iranian ayatollahs
219:teaching circles.
137:), was an Iranian
177:
116:
115:
72:(aged 76–77)
368:
322:
291:
285:
274:
267:
261:
254:
182:
172:
170:
128:
71:
30:
16:
376:
375:
371:
370:
369:
367:
366:
365:
326:
325:
319:
303:
300:
295:
294:
286:
277:
268:
264:
255:
251:
246:
201:
180:ḥujjat al-islām
141:clergyman. The
82:
73:
69:
60:
51:
37:
21:
12:
11:
5:
374:
372:
364:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
328:
327:
324:
323:
318:978-0300112542
317:
299:
296:
293:
292:
290:, p. 206.
275:
262:
248:
247:
245:
242:
200:
197:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
74:
66:
62:
61:
52:
48:
44:
43:
39:
38:
31:
23:
22:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
373:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
331:
320:
314:
310:
306:
305:Amanat, Abbas
302:
301:
297:
289:
284:
282:
280:
276:
272:
266:
263:
259:
253:
250:
243:
241:
239:
233:
231:
230:
225:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
198:
196:
194:
190:
186:
181:
175:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:Hamid Dabashi
148:
144:
143:Seyyed mosque
140:
136:
132:
127:محمدباقر شفتی
124:
120:
112:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
77:
67:
63:
59:
55:
49:
45:
40:
35:
29:
24:
17:
308:
270:
265:
257:
252:
234:
227:
221:
202:
160:Hojatoleslam
158:
147:Hossein Nasr
118:
117:
97:Denomination
70:(1844-00-00)
36:, dated 1843
341:1844 deaths
336:1761 births
288:Amanat 2017
169:حجة الإسلام
330:Categories
244:References
240:in Islam.
129:; 1767 in
80:Qajar Iran
34:Qajar Iran
199:Biography
174:romanized
155:clergyman
58:Zand Iran
307:(2017).
87:Religion
42:Personal
298:Sources
224:Isfahan
213:madrasa
176::
135:Isfahan
123:Persian
111:Twelver
91:Shi'ism
76:Isfahan
315:
193:Sharia
165:Arabic
163:(from
238:usury
217:Najaf
209:Rasht
205:Shaft
189:Mufti
185:judge
131:Shaft
107:Creed
54:Shaft
313:ISBN
229:vaqf
187:and
149:and
139:shia
101:Shia
68:1844
65:Died
50:1767
47:Born
332::
278:^
195:.
171:,
167::
125::
78:,
56:,
321:.
121:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
