365:'s commitment at G7 meeting in Germany "to ensure a resilient democracy by protecting online and offline content". Guild noted that Alt News' "alert vigilance" was resented by "those who use disinformation as a tool to polarise the society and rake nationalist sentiments". DIGIPUB, a body of digital news media organisations had condemned Zubair's arrest and demanded the Delhi Police immediately withdraw the case against him. It stated, "In a democracy, where every individual possesses the right to exercise the freedom of speech and expression, it is unjustifiable that such stringent laws are being used as tools against journalists, who have been accorded the role of playing watchdog against the misuse of institutions of the state".
392:, the spokesperson for UN chief Antonio Guterres, while responding to a question at the daily news briefing in the United States, talked about Zubair's arrest and said, that, "In any place around the world, it is very important that people be allowed to express themselves freely, journalists be allowed to express themselves freely and without the threat of any harassment…Journalists should not be jailed for what they write, what they tweet and what they say. And that goes for anywhere in the world, including in this room."
454:
used as a punitive tool because it results in one of the gravest possible consequences emanating from criminal law: the loss of personal liberty." and added "Individuals must not be punished solely on the basis of allegations, and without a fair trial... When the power to arrest is exercised without application of mind and without due regard to the law, it amounts to an abuse of power".
33:
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deleted the video of the programme from its YouTube channel the next day. Nonetheless, Sharma defended her comments and accused Zubair of "heavily " the clip; she further claimed to have been receiving rape and death threats as a result. Alt News denied any responsibility for the reaction from the viewers after watching the video clip.
288:
tweet meant that it would no longer be visible in India. Twitter said this was done "in order to comply with
Twitter's obligations under India's local laws". Later two more of Zubair's tweets were withheld, they were about the provocative comments made by a Hindu priest Mahant Bajrang Muni threatening to kidnap and rape Muslim women.
179:. Zubair only assisted Sinha in running the site for about a year while continuing to work for Nokia. He finally left Nokia in September 2018 to become a full-time employee of Alt News. On 16 December 2019, he was appointed to the board of directors of the Pravda Media Foundation, which operates Alt News.
270:. Zubair said that these debates "have become a platform to encourage hate mongers to speak ill about other religions". He added that the Indian TV anchors were doing a better job of speaking against a religion than the hatemongers Yati Narasinghanand Saraswati or Mahant Bajrang Muni or Anand Swaroop.
441:
Every time Zubair applied for bail, fresh cases were filed against him, and his detention was extended. The
Supreme Court (SC) called this a "vicious cycle" of interim bail in one case and arrest in another case. On 20 July 2022, the Supreme Court granted him bail in all the seven cases filed against
428:
Following the complaint by
Sudarshan News, a Police case was filed arguing that Zubair's tweet could promote enmity between religious groups. A warrant was issued, and he was summoned by the Lakhimpur Kheri court on 11 July. Following his arrest in the Lakhimpur Kheri case, Zubair was sent to 14 days
336:
and section 67 of the IT Act were pressed against Zubair. He was then brought before a magistrate, who granted the police one day custody. Vrinda Grover, Zubair's lawyer, asserted that while many social media users tweeted the same message, only Zubair was targeted by police. Grover also alleged that
457:
The Uttar
Pradesh government had asked the court that Mohammed Zubair be "stopped from putting out tweets". The court refused to place any such order for restrictions against Zubair and said, "The imposition of such a condition would tantamount to a gag order... (which) have a chilling effect on the
400:
is monitoring it very closely. We are also in contact on this with our EU partners on the ground. The EU has a human rights dialogue with India, and freedom of expression and freedom of the press are a focus of those discussions with India. India describes itself as the world's largest democracy. So
244:
A day later, the video clip of her comments was shared by Zubair on social media. Sharma later alleged that it was a "heavily edited and selected video", which was denied by Pratik Sinha, who stated that it was unedited and also shared a longer clip which allegedly showed the same remarks. Times Now
466:
On 28 August 2023, Muzaffarnagar police registered a case against
Mohammed Zubair for posting a video on social media of the incident of a Muslim boy who was slapped by his classmates on the instructions of a school teacher. He later deleted it, under Section 74 of the Juvenile Justice Act. Zubair
453:
SC said, Zubair was "trapped in a vicious cycle of criminal process where the process itself has become the punishment," and warned that arrest "cannot be used as a punitive tool". The detailed judgment in the case had a series of extremely strong remarks. "Arrest is not meant to be and must not be
378:(BJYM) in Gujarat". It noted the simultaneous court proceedings in the two cases and said that Zubair was being targeted by Hindutva brigade as Zubair had been vocal against the communal issues spread by the Hindu fundamentalist groups under the patronage of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
353:
noted that in 40 years since the release of the comedy film, nobody had raised objections to the photo, tweeted by Zubair, for which he was arrested. Gupta compared Nupur Sharma who had not been arrested yet for her statement with arrest of Zubair questioning the fairness of police. Gupta expressed
345:
Journalist bodies, human rights organisations, and the political opposition perceived the arrest as a revenge against Zubair's role in reporting on the 2022 Muhammad controversy and Alt News' work of fighting disinformation and noted the case as exemplary of diminishing press freedom in India under
287:
In mid-June, Zubair posted e-mails from the
Twitter service informing him that one of his tweets criticising the comments by Yati Narsinghanand Giri the leader of a Hindu group were being 'withheld' in India under the country's IT laws at the request of law enforcement authorities. 'Withholding' a
432:
On 16 July 2022, a court in Uttar
Pradesh rejected Zubair's petition for bail in connection to a FIR that was filed against him in 2021 for allegedly inciting animosity. After the court sentenced Zubair to a 14-day judicial detention in the case, the bail application was brought before Additional
395:
Germany has expressed worry over the detention of
Mohammed Zubair and stated that it has been in touch with other EU members over the detention's continuation. In response to a query regarding Zubair's arrest, the spokeswoman for the German Foreign Office had stated on 6 July 2022: "Journalists
354:
surprise at the quick investigation by the police on a complaint by an anonymous account when lodging complaints was difficult. He said that police or a magistrate cannot authorise a 'fishing inquiry' where questions that are not connected to the subject matter of a case are asked.
295:
that his tweet did not insult or attempt to insult religious beliefs and the case against him had been lodged to 'harass' him. After hearing a plea on the case, the High Court refused to quash the FIR and said that the case needed investigation and adjudication by a trial court.
1101:
191:(FIR) were lodged against him. On 10 June 2021, Zubair received a notice from Twitter alerting him that Twitter had been approached by Indian law officials regarding a tweet Zubair had tweeted in March 2021, which Indian authorities claimed breached Indian laws.
473:, "... Why was only my name put there? There were several media outlets who posted the video before and after me. I later removed the video after I was told that I was disclosing the minor’s identity. I was targeted…This shows police can target anyone."
929:
134:'s premiership and was widely criticised by journalistic bodies, human rights organisations and the political opposition who allege that the arrest was an act of revenge against his role in Alt News' work of combating disinformation.
373:
published an investigation report on the targeting of Zubair by "years-long campaign by a network of anonymous and inauthentic accounts linked to Vikash Ahir, state president of the Hindu Yuva Vahini (HYV) and co-convenor of the
284:, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh in early June in response to a complaint by a Sitapur leader of a Hindu group. The complainant accused Zubair of "outraging religious feelings" of three seers by labelling them "hatemongers" on Twitter.
1093:
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On 19 June 2022, an anonymous
Twitter user named "Hanuman Bhakt @balajikijaiin" quoted Zubair's tweet from four years earlier, and asked Delhi Police to take action against him, calling it a "direct insult" to Hindus.
1317:
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Zubair was a target of police because of his Muslim faith, name, and profession. On 28 June, Zubair was placed in four days of police custody for interrogation. The police seized his electronic devices.
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On 9 July, Zubair was in jail under judicial custody when he was granted bail in the case filed in
Sitapur. The same day a warrant was issued against him in an old case filed in Uttar Pradesh's
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303:. Solicitor General Tushar Mehta argued against the plea and admitted "We accept that the speeches made by Yati Narsinghanand were hate speech for which he was arrested and put in jail".
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over a 2018 tweet for allegedly "insulting Hindu religious beliefs" and incarcerated for a month. His detention raised further concerns about the state of India's press freedom under
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and superimposed it on an old picture from Ghaza, with graphics of missiles bombing the mosque, during a broadcast. Zubair questioned if this was reporting or inciting violence.
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him. The bail would also apply if new cases on the same incident are filed. SC transferred all the cases filed in Uttar Pradesh to Delhi and disbanded the
266:
On 27 May 2022, Zubair published a series of tweets slamming prime-time debates on Indian television channels during the ongoing controversy regarding the
1532:
835:
I pulled up my socks and passed out of school with a decent score and then got into M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, a reputed engineering college.
1031:
878:
1617:
277:, and Anand Swarup—had been recorded on camera using hate speech, instigating violence against Muslims, and making rape threats against Muslim women.
1241:
2266:
1466:
1405:
1063:
2028:
696:
1094:"Times Now deletes video of Navika Kuamr's debate, issues clarification amidst controversy over derogatory comments on Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)"
1278:
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reported that Zubair had helped bring international attention to the controversial remarks. A few days later, he was arrested in other cases.
205:
According to Time magazine, Zubair and his Alt News co-founder, Pratik Sinha, were among the favourites to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 2022.
755:
333:
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1962:
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417:, objecting to a tweet by Zubair fact checking a video published by Sudarshan News. Zubair had noted that Sudarshan News used images of
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one can expect democratic values like freedom of expression and freedom of the press to be given the necessary space there."
200:
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should not be persecuted and imprisoned for what they say and write," "We are indeed aware of this specific case and our
332:
On 27 June, Zubair was arrested by Delhi Police after being accused of "hurting religious sentiments". The charges under
375:
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In 2020, Pratik Sinha alleged that Zubair is being targeted by right wing government for his work after a number of
218:
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447:
188:
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358:
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222:
1310:"Zubair insulted 'respected religious leader' Bajrang Muni's followers: UP police argue in Supreme Court"
1875:
2214:"NL Interview with Zubair: 'India is a poor country, why would anyone donate to you for fact-checking'"
2093:"Muzaffarnagar school incident: FIR filed against Alt News's Md Zubair for disclosing minor's identity"
381:
Zubair's detention sparked worries about the state of India's press freedoms, which are deteriorating.
814:
2251:
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389:
350:
318:
292:
2065:"FIR against Mohammed Zubair for allegedly disclosing identity of Muslim boy assaulted in classroom"
1840:"Scribes Shouldn't Be Jailed for What They Write, Tweet: UN Chief's Spokesperson on Zubair's Arrest"
418:
747:
2146:
1966:
1503:"Questions arise when police arrest Mohammed Zubair, but not Nupur Sharma, says retired SC judge"
468:
281:
1907:"In case filed by Sudarshan News staffer, UP court sends Zubair to judicial custody for 14 days"
321:. The screenshot from the film showed a signboard with the name "Honeymoon Hotel" repainted to "
1242:"Court Refuses to Quash FIR Against Mohammed Zubair for Calling Hindutva Leaders 'Hatemongers'"
2127:
1123:
937:
728:
647:
313:
2226:"Zubair: 'A Muslim Man Asking For Accountability and Working as a Journalist Is Not a Crime'"
815:"Zubair: 'A Muslim Man Asking For Accountability and Working as a Journalist Is Not a Crime'"
673:"India: Arrest of Muslim fact-checker raises concerns over press freedom | DW | 28 June 2022"
2177:"Anonymous Complainant Targeting Zubair Tweet Linked to Tek Fog App, BJYM Leader in Gujarat"
1938:"Lakhimpur Kheri Court refuses bail to Mohammed Zubair in 2021 Sudarshan TV fact-check case"
1843:
1743:"Anonymous Complainant Targeting Zubair Tweet Linked to Tek Fog App, BJYM Leader in Gujarat"
1594:"Patiala House court grants bail to Alt News co-founder Mohammed Zubair in Delhi Police FIR"
1470:
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852:
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369:
311:
In 2018, Zubair shared a satirical tweet with a screenshot from the 1983 Indian comedy film
2158:
1777:"Germany expresses concern over India's detention of Muslim journalist | DW | 7 July 2022"
1130:
1064:"'Remarks on Prophet': After Thane, Hyderabad Police Files FIR Against BJP's Nupur Sharma"
998:
909:"Nobel Peace Prize 2022 AltNews cofounders Pratik Sinha, Mohammed Zubair among favourites"
882:
410:
267:
234:
1650:"Editor's Guild condemns Alt-News co-founder Zubair's arrest, demands immediate release"
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249:
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conferred Zubair with the Kottai Ameer Communal Harmony Award, on the occasion of the
2240:
2200:
1536:
1467:"Kissi Se Na Kehna! Mohammed Zubair Arrested for Tweeting Photo from 1983 Hindi Film"
1406:"Kissi Se Na Kehna! Mohammed Zubair Arrested for Tweeting Photo from 1983 Hindi Film"
1344:
1209:"India: Muslim journalist Mohammed Zubair to be released on bail | DW | 20 July 2022"
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1144:
1032:"FIR filed against BJP spokesperson Nupur Sharma for comments about Prophet Mohammad"
602:
573:
362:
131:
120:
127:
2189:"Watch: How Mohammed Zubair Became Target of a Smear Campaign by Hindutva Outfits"
1713:"Watch: How Mohammed Zubair Became Target of a Smear Campaign by Hindutva Outfits"
1436:"Alt News Co-founder Mohammed Zubair Moves SC For Bail, Claims Threat To His Life"
879:"Alt News co-founder Mohammed Zubair receives Twitter notice for tweet from March"
1563:"Alt News co-founder Mohammed Zubair arrested for 'hurting religious sentiments'"
1279:"FIR Against Mohammed Zubair for Calling Militant Hindutva Leaders 'Hatemongers'"
1376:"Supreme Court Grants Interim Bail to Mohammed Zubair, Bar on Tweeting | BOOM"
291:
On 14 June, Zubair challenged the FIR and pleaded in the Lucknow Bench of the
2131:
941:
732:
651:
2120:"TN govt. honours Alt News' Mohammed Zubair with award for communal harmony"
1622:
1618:"Alt News co-founder Mohammed Zubair's police custody extended by four days"
913:
849:"Mohammed Zubair Is Being Targeted for the Work Alt News Does: Pratik Sinha"
697:"Delhi police arrest Muslim journalist Mohammed Zubair over tweet from 2018"
546:
230:
151:
147:
63:
59:
2029:""Arrest Not Punitive Tool": Supreme Court On Fact-Checker M Zubair's Case"
969:"Why the debate around the age of Aisha, the Prophet's wife, is irrelevant"
32:
1963:"UP court denies bail to Alt News co-founder Mohammad Zubair in 2021 case"
1683:""Release Mohammed Zubair": Editors Guild Invokes PM's "Commitment" At G7"
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176:
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In 2017, Zubair and fellow former software engineer Pratik Sinha founded
116:
104:
93:
1996:"Fact-Checker Mohammed Zubair To Leave Jail, Court Ends "Vicious Cycle""
1145:"Nupur Sharma: India's diplomatic woes over Prophet Muhammad row deepen"
299:
In mid-July, Zubair challenged the order of Allahabad High Court in the
115:(born 1983) is an Indian journalist, fact-checker and the co-founder of
322:
1533:"Explained: Why Alt News co-founder Mohammed Zubair has been arrested"
361:
issued a statement demanding immediate release of Zubair and cited PM
241:, at the time of their marriage and the consummation of the marriage.
422:
413:. This case was filed in September 2021 by an employee of TV channel
143:
1810:"Indian police arrest Muslim journalist accused of insulting Hindus"
237:
dispute. The comments were in reference to Muhammad and the alleged
784:"Who is Mohammed Zubair, Indian journalist arrested by Modi gov't?"
603:"Mohammed Zubair: Supreme Court grants bail to Indian fact-checker"
574:"Mohammed Zubair: Supreme Court grants bail to Indian fact-checker"
238:
159:
1871:"Zubair arrest: Germany expresses concern, India sends rebuttal"
1179:"Mohammed Zubair: The Indian fact-checker arrested for a tweet"
2201:"Mohammed Zubair: Indian police arrest journalist over tweets"
1345:"Mohammed Zubair: Indian police arrest journalist over tweets"
1182:
930:"Muslim nations slam India over insulting remarks about Islam"
721:"Arrest of Indian Muslim journalist sparks widespread outrage"
640:"Arrest of Journalist in India Adds to Press Freedom Concerns"
158:, and spent over ten years working as a software engineer for
273:
The extremist Hindutva leaders—Mahant Bajrang Muni 'Udasin,'
476:
However, he has not been contacted by police on the matter.
225:(BJP), made controversial remarks about the Islamic prophet
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433:Chief Judicial Magistrate Mohamaddi on 11 July.
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1465:Jafri, Alishan; Barton, Naomi (28 June 2022).
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1058:
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748:"Indian journalist arrested over Twitter post"
8:
1172:
1170:
542:"Mohammed Zubair | The man who chased facts"
1770:
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1677:
1675:
847:Khanum Sherwani, Arfa (8 September 2020).
31:
20:
1808:Mogul, Rhea; Mitra, Esha (29 June 2022).
630:
628:
221:, a spokeswoman of India's ruling party,
535:
533:
531:
527:
503:
2154:
2144:
859:from the original on 17 September 2020
2118:Bureau, The Hindu (26 January 2024).
450:to investigate cases against Zubair.
334:Section 295A of the Indian Penal Code
7:
349:Retired Indian Supreme Court judge,
156:M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology
511:
2006:from the original on 12 April 2023
1616:Lakshman, Abhinay (28 June 2022).
16:Indian journalist and fact-checker
14:
2039:from the original on 25 July 2022
1973:from the original on 16 July 2022
1942:Bar and Bench – Indian Legal news
1936:Bench, Bar & (18 July 2022).
1917:from the original on 15 July 2022
1883:from the original on 16 July 2022
1850:from the original on 16 July 2022
1820:from the original on 21 July 2022
1753:from the original on 16 July 2022
1723:from the original on 13 July 2022
1693:from the original on 20 July 2022
1660:from the original on 20 July 2022
1630:from the original on 16 July 2022
1573:from the original on 21 July 2022
1543:from the original on 16 July 2022
1513:from the original on 20 July 2022
1477:from the original on 15 July 2022
1386:from the original on 20 July 2022
1355:from the original on 11 July 2022
1320:from the original on 21 July 2022
1289:from the original on 16 July 2022
1252:from the original on 20 July 2022
1219:from the original on 20 July 2022
1189:from the original on 14 July 2022
889:from the original on 24 July 2022
825:from the original on 31 July 2022
794:from the original on 14 July 2022
758:from the original on 17 July 2022
707:from the original on 21 July 2022
683:from the original on 25 July 2022
658:from the original on 15 July 2022
613:from the original on 20 July 2022
233:television channel debate on the
215:2022 Muhammad remarks controversy
209:2022 Muhammad remarks controversy
1789:from the original on 8 July 2022
1446:from the original on 8 July 2022
1416:from the original on 8 July 2022
1155:from the original on 7 June 2022
1104:from the original on 31 May 2022
1074:from the original on 5 June 2022
1042:from the original on 5 June 2022
1009:from the original on 6 June 2022
979:from the original on 7 June 2022
126:In 2022, Zubair was arrested by
2267:21st-century Indian journalists
2063:Scroll Staff (28 August 2023).
1775:Welle, Deutsche (7 July 2022).
813:Jafri, Alishan (31 July 2022).
405:Sudarshan TV fact checking case
154:, India. He graduated from the
928:Saaliq, Sheikh (6 June 2022).
782:Kuchay, Bilal (22 June 2022).
671:Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche.
638:Yasir, Sameer (28 June 2022).
510:The tweets can be seen in the
201:List of Indian Nobel laureates
146:family on 29 December 1983 in
1:
1869:Joshua, Anita (8 July 2022).
1597:. Bar and Bench. 15 July 2022
1177:Pandey, Geeta (8 July 2022).
540:Langa, Mahesh (2 July 2022).
462:Muzaffarnagar school incident
262:Hindutva extremist tweet case
1905:Team, N. L. (11 July 2022).
1501:Scroll Staff (5 July 2022).
1374:Jain, Ritika (8 July 2022).
376:Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha
239:age of his third wife, Aisha
217:began on 27 May 2022, when
2283:
444:Special Investigation Team
198:
999:"Mohammed Zubair's Tweet"
189:first information reports
30:
487:Government of Tamil Nadu
485:On 26 January 2024, the
448:Uttar Pradesh government
2262:Indian male journalists
385:International reactions
341:Reactions to the arrest
142:Zubair was born into a
119:, an Indian non-profit
359:Editors Guild of India
301:Supreme Court of India
223:Bharatiya Janata Party
183:Targeted by right wing
2257:People from Bangalore
1876:The Telegraph (India)
1098:Janta Ka Reporter 2.0
429:in judicial custody.
458:freedom of speech".
398:embassy in New Delhi
351:Justice Deepak Gupta
319:Hrishikesh Mukherjee
293:Allahabad High Court
280:An FIR was filed in
1129:5 June 2022 at the
491:Indian Republic Day
419:Al-Masjid an-Nabawi
2157:has generic name (
2097:The Indian Express
1967:The Indian Express
1654:The Indian Express
644:The New York Times
275:Yati Narsinghanand
1440:outlookindia.com/
1308:Sodhi, Tanishka.
634:See links below
390:Stéphane Dujarric
314:Kissi Se Na Kehna
195:Nobel Peace Prize
166:Journalism career
150:, the capital of
110:
109:
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2212:Pande, Manisha.
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2099:. 28 August 2023
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2035:. 25 July 2022.
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2016:
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2011:
2002:. 20 July 2022.
1992:
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1969:. 16 July 2022.
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1846:. 29 June 2022.
1844:The Wire (India)
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1689:. 28 June 2022.
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1569:. 27 June 2022.
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1539:. 28 June 2022.
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1471:The Wire (India)
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1412:. 28 June 2022.
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1351:. 28 June 2022.
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1283:The Wire (India)
1275:
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1248:. 14 June 2022.
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