230:
579:
564:
1883:
445:, written in Latin script, to be made official, and other ethnicities began to feel alienated. Already in April 1989, in response to this agitation, Gagauz nationalists had begun to demand the creation of their own ethno-federal unit in Moldova, and Gagauz mobilization accelerated in the wake of massive Moldovan nationalist demonstrations that summer calling for a new language law, republican sovereignty and secession. Also in summer 1989, Russian-speaking elites in
1264:
494:
679:, seemingly conceding the loss of Transnistria. Once union was revealed as the Front's ultimate aim, a serious loss in numbers and influence followed. A vast network of local groups had allowed it to organise very effectively in 1989. It was able to attract hundreds of thousands to the Grand National Assembly in 1989, but only a few hundred to similar rallies in 1993. Its spiritual leader, the author
1774:
1764:
1378:
326:
618:(president of the republic's Supreme Soviet), which it claimed was failing to maintain order in restive regions and was too slow in pulling Moldova out of the USSR. At the congress, the Front's executive board, headed by Roșca, openly called for political union with Romania, and Front statutes were changed so that members could belong to no other political organisation.
512:) was the first major achievement of the Popular Front. Mass demonstrations organized by its activists, including one (the "Grand National Assembly") attended by 300,000 participants on 27 August, were of critical importance in convincing the Moldovan Supreme Soviet to adopt a new language law on 31 August 1989, to thunderous applause. The law stipulated Latin-script
516:(considered identical to Romanian by linguists) as the state language, although it was quite moderate, for instance defining Russian as a second "language of interethnic communication" alongside Moldovan, and the language of communication with the Soviet Union authorities. Later, when this autonomous territorial unit was created,
666:. In addition, some leaders of the PFM were quick to alienate ethnic minorities and PFM sympathizers from within the Soviet system. The discrepancy with the immediate economic needs of the population, and the alienation of many sympathizers stood at the core of the Front's inability to remain in power after 1992.
891:"Moldavian SSR supports the desire of the Moldovans that live across the borders of the Republic, and considering the existing linguistic Moldo-Romanian identity — of the Romanians that live on the territory of the USSR, of doing their studies and satisfying their cultural needs in their native language."
828:
The strikes, organised by the United
Council of Workers' Collectives or OSTK in Russian, were not purely driven by cultural considerations. OSTK was set up by factory management; these individuals' factories were under direct control from Moscow and risked losing all their influence and power in the
649:
and its supporters within the
Supreme Soviet argued against independence from the Soviet Union, against implementation of the August 1989 language law, and for increased autonomy for minority areas. Hence, clashes occurred almost immediately once the new Supreme Soviet began its inaugural session in
316:
The
Popular Front was well organized nationally, with its strongest support in the capital and in areas of the country most heavily populated by Moldavians. Once the organization was in power, however, internal disputes led to a sharp fall in popular support, and it fragmented into several competing
694:
formed government. Druc and other members, convinced by 1991-1992 that the goal of union had been lost, settled in
Romania. Pan-Romanians themselves split into the FPCD and the more moderate Congress of the Intelligentsia (formed April 1993), which also included former Frontists. By the time of the
629:), caused other Moldovan politicians to become more public in their desire for the continued existence of a separate state. A chief supporter of Moldova's sovereignty was Snegur, who became president in September 1990. Also, in protest and fear of the events of 1990, the now-alienated regions of
589:
Elections to the
Moldovan Supreme Soviet were held in February–March 1990; while the Communist Party was the only one registered for this contest, opposition candidates were allowed to run as individuals. Together with affiliated groups, the Front won a landslide victory and one of its leaders,
674:
Snegur fired Druc after a "disastrous" tenure on May 28, 1991, and
Moldova declared independence three months later. At its third congress in February 1992, the Front transformed itself from a mass movement into a political party, becoming the Christian Democratic Popular Front (FPCD), overtly
613:
The policies of the Druc government included a virtual purge of non-Moldovans from cultural institutions and the reorientation of educational policy away from
Russian-speakers. The nationalists argued that the Popular Front should immediately use its majority in the Supreme Soviet to attain
375:
submitted the proposal to continue the meetings. In the public discourse, the movement called for national awakening, freedom of speech, revival of
Moldavian traditions, and for attainment of official status for the Moldovan language and return of it to the Latin script. The transition from
699:, in which the FPCD took 7.5% of the vote, the Popular Front tendency had dissipated from the vanguard of Moldovan politics. Its legacy was further undermined three days later, when language testing for state employment, due to begin that April, was canceled; and the following month, when
931:
Open supporters of the Front took about 27% of seats; together with moderate
Communists, mainly from rural districts, they commanded a majority. They gained complete control once Gagauz and Transnistrian deputies walked out in protest over Romanian-oriented cultural reforms. King,
703:
overwhelmingly affirmed
Moldova's sovereignty. No Frontist has held a major ministerial portfolio since the Druc period; moderate pan-Romanists, though they came to eclipse the FPCD in the mid-1990s, had completely disappeared as an organised political force by the
640:
Faced with what they considered a concerted effort by ethnic Romanian nationalists to dominate the republic, hardliners and minority activists banded together and began to resist majority initiatives. Organized in the Supreme Soviet as the Soviet Moldavia
594:, formed the new government. The Popular Front saw its government as a purely transitional ministry; its role was to dissolve the Moldavian SSR and join Romania. Its militancy grew: at a March 1990 rally, the Front adopted a resolution calling the 1918
437:
were forbidden in the USSR. The movement initially consisted of a broad multi-ethnic coalition of independent cultural and political groups that pressed for reform within the Soviet system and for the national emancipation of ethnic Moldovans.
468:
government, so that by early August, Moldova's ad hoc multiethnic opposition, which had allowed the Popular Front to emerge as a unified force from a plethora of informal organisations 2½ months earlier, was completely defunct. Moreover,
376:"movement" (informal association) to "front" (formal association) was regarded by its sympathizers as a natural "upgrade" once the movement has gained momentum with the public, and the Soviet authorities could no longer crack down on it.
708:. Still, Roșca's PPCD, successor to the Front, continues to be represented by a small parliamentary contingent, and informal but powerful cultural links ensure that the pan-Romanist trend has retained some influence in Moldova.
2520:
1730:
661:
form a single nation, and should eventually make a single country. Although an explicit unionist position was not adopted until it had been relegated to permanent opposition status, the Front leaders supported a rapid
614:
independence from Russian domination, end migration into the republic, and improve the status of ethnic Romanians. At the Front's second congress in June 1990, it declared itself in opposition to the leadership of
349:; 1988–89) organized public meetings, demonstrations, and song festivals since February 1988, which gradually grew in size and intensity. In the streets, the center of public manifestations was the
1752:
1904:
903:
209:
1430:
683:, became disillusioned and settled in Moscow. Snegur and other former reform Communists, once allied to the Front, moved to consolidate the new state and their position within it.
2510:
1855:
2416:
1363:
1931:
1183:
2535:
1552:
2545:
2525:
1745:
1981:
1465:
306:
2530:
2267:
2262:
1407:
1403:
387:
The Front's founding congress took place on 20 May 1989 amidst the backdrop of a ferment that had gripped the republic since late 1988, spurred by the reforms of
2490:
2252:
690:; to retain any hope of securing Transnistria, the idea of union with Romania had to be dropped, and so the Front moved into opposition and the anti-unionist
2033:
1577:
501:
350:
2500:
2257:
1941:
1738:
1616:
2505:
1356:
1341:
2485:
2515:
1926:
1176:
206:
1811:
1622:
1480:
571:
2439:
464:
An alliance between the Gagauz and Russians formed shortly thereafter, in opposition to Moldovan demands and enjoying support from the then
1709:
1372:
1218:
705:
696:
691:
477:; it insisted Soviet authorities would have to recognise that Moldova was taken from Romania in 1940 on the basis of a secret deal between
245:
407:
and was not exclusivist. The congress was attended by representatives from many of Moldova's ethnic groups, including a delegate from the
485:, a fact long denied by Soviet officials. Nevertheless, the Popular Front was far from dead and soon achieved its first major objective.
2495:
2126:
1991:
1971:
1860:
1582:
1495:
1455:
1349:
536:
434:
422:
was elected as president of the Front, from among 3 candidates for the job. Other two candidates that sought election to the post were
1865:
1768:
1681:
1598:
663:
141:
115:
31:
1936:
1794:
2480:
1604:
1567:
1399:
1169:
1155:
1140:
1125:
1110:
1095:
1080:
360:
229:
2131:
2006:
1838:
1510:
1435:
595:
2540:
1872:
1475:
880:
Legea cu privire la functionarea limbilor vorbite pe teritoriul RSS Moldovenesti Nr.3465-XI din 01.09.89 Vestile nr.9/217, 1989
404:
1238:
461:
a second official language; this led to a wave of strikes in Transnistria initiated by local party cadres and factory bosses.
2023:
1532:
1393:
337:
105:
2449:
1996:
1651:
1500:
904:"Depunere de flori, program pentru copii și spectacol muzical: Agenda completă a evenimentelor dedicate Zilei Limbii Române"
1831:
1527:
1634:
136:
882:
602:, unification was the proper outcome of democratisation. The Front helped set up a massive demonstration on 6 May, the
474:
2279:
1666:
1656:
1440:
626:
2444:
637:
moved to break away from Moldova, declaring their own separate republics on 19 August and 2 September, respectively.
2153:
1799:
1671:
1572:
1233:
1208:
1016:
Among these were culture minister Ion Ungureanu, and the prominent poets Leonida Lari and Grigore Vieru. Fawn, p.65
578:
2401:
2284:
2395:
2158:
1661:
1450:
1228:
908:
603:
441:
However, an ethnic cleavage quickly became apparent as titular Popular Front representatives called only for the
2406:
2294:
1976:
449:
had defected from the movement, perceiving the language demands as an example of chauvinism. In early August, a
2454:
1916:
1676:
1628:
1557:
700:
1320:
2001:
1986:
1899:
1562:
1505:
1470:
1445:
2011:
1610:
1515:
1490:
1413:
563:
1295:
646:
2459:
2274:
2136:
2016:
1542:
1520:
1485:
552:
2423:
2146:
1804:
1719:
1686:
1305:
250:
145:
1882:
2289:
2079:
1816:
1714:
1547:
1325:
1272:
1200:
788:
738:
687:
240:
149:
2099:
2331:
1821:
1537:
840:
392:
160:
2054:
1826:
2321:
2184:
1315:
1290:
1285:
1243:
1151:
1136:
1121:
1106:
1091:
1076:
1064:
675:
committed to union with Romania. It also rejected the name "Republic of Moldova" in favour of
548:
540:
513:
505:
442:
419:
388:
342:
270:
65:
2361:
2356:
2189:
2049:
1460:
1068:
870:
Horia C. Matei, "State lumii. Enciclopedie de istorie." Meronia, București, 2006, p. 292-294
521:
458:
372:
329:
889:(Law regarding the usage of languages spoken on the territory of the Republic of Moldova):
535:, that became known as the Great National Assembly, which pressured the authorities of the
493:
2411:
2336:
1921:
1848:
1704:
1300:
1253:
886:
582:
567:
517:
427:
176:
2141:
686:
The president came out as a strong anti-unionist after Moldova's defeat in the June 1992
680:
412:
1263:
838:
Esther B. Fein, "Baltic Nationalists Voice Defiance But Say They Won't Be Provoked", in
433:
FPM was at first called a "public organization", since political parties other than the
2194:
2163:
1248:
599:
532:
423:
368:
125:
17:
2474:
2209:
2199:
2089:
2059:
1330:
1310:
615:
478:
408:
278:
129:
621:
However, this strident line, coupled with receptiveness to union in Romania (led by
2346:
2204:
2074:
634:
544:
482:
465:
446:
384:
Leonida Lari was one of the founders and main leaders of Popular Front of Moldova.
282:
165:
60:
2301:
1133:
Political Construction Sites: Nation-building in Russia and the Post-Soviet States
325:
2389:
2341:
2214:
2069:
1909:
1843:
1280:
622:
591:
400:
2351:
2326:
2094:
2084:
2064:
676:
153:
289:. Formally, the Front existed from 1989 to 1992. It was the successor to the
2179:
879:
658:
654:
1161:
998:
Initially allied with the Front, the Agrarians defected in 1991. Fawn, p.65
780:
730:
457:
published drafts of the new law, showing that no plans existed to declare
1789:
630:
525:
454:
396:
1773:
1763:
1377:
1213:
286:
606:, which saw multitudes gather on both sides as eight crossings on the
539:(RSSM) to adopt a language law on 31 August 1989 that proclaimed the
470:
192:
610:
were opened and people crossed freely between Moldova and Romania.
577:
562:
492:
324:
1103:
Ideology and National Identity in Post-communist Foreign Policies
607:
450:
185:
2521:
1980s establishments in the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
1734:
1345:
1165:
30:
For the political movement formed at the end of the 1960s, see
645:) faction, the anti-reformers became increasingly inflexible.
497:
Postal stamp commemorating the Grand National Assembly of 1989
199:
1088:
Nationalist Mobilization and the Collapse of the Soviet State
531:
On 27 August 1989, the FPM organized a mass demonstration in
547:
to be the state language of the MSSR. Its identity with the
653:
The leaders of the FPM were driven by the core belief that
1905:
Controversy over ethnic and linguistic identity in Moldova
1148:
Russians Beyond Russia: The Politics of National Identity
391:. Initially, it was a reformist movement modelled on the
473:
was worried by the Front's raising another issue: the
598:"natural and legitimate"; for pan-Romanians such as
2432:
2382:
2310:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2172:
2119:
2112:
2042:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1932:
April 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election protests
1890:
1782:
1644:
1591:
1423:
1386:
1271:
1199:
801:
799:
797:
222:
205:
171:
159:
135:
121:
111:
101:
86:
71:
59:
51:
39:
1150:. Continuum International Publishing Group, 1995,
524:were recognized as official alongside Moldovan in
418:During the second congress (30 June–1 July 1989),
1553:Party of Development and Consolidation of Moldova
1073:Journeys Through Conflict: Narratives and Lessons
27:1989–1992 political movement in the Moldavian SSR
854:
852:
850:
758:
756:
2268:Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova
2263:Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova
940:
938:
281:, one of the 15 union republics of the former
1746:
1431:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
1357:
1177:
815:
813:
811:
551:was also established. 31 August has been the
8:
2511:Pro-independence parties in the Soviet Union
2034:Unionist Movement of the Republic of Moldova
1578:Unionist Movement of the Republic of Moldova
2258:Electoral Bloc of Communists and Socialists
1942:Day of the Union of Bessarabia with Romania
2314:
2242:
2235:
2116:
1961:
1954:
1753:
1739:
1731:
1364:
1350:
1342:
1184:
1170:
1162:
829:event of union with Romania. Kolstø, p.139
228:
36:
1617:Political Alliance for a European Moldova
2536:Political parties disestablished in 1992
2253:Collective Action Party – Civic Congress
1927:Romanian accession to the European Union
2546:Christian democratic parties in Moldova
2526:1989 establishments in the Soviet Union
726:
724:
722:
720:
716:
277:, FPM) was a political movement in the
1224:Grand National Assembly, Chișinău 1989
351:Stephen the Great Monument in Chișinău
2531:Political parties established in 1989
1812:Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia
1623:Alliance for European Integration III
371:at his bust on the Aleea Clasicilor,
367:On January 15, 1988, in a tribute to
297:; 1988–89), and was succeeded by the
7:
2491:Defunct political parties in Moldova
1090:. Cambridge University Press, 2002,
2127:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
1992:Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova
1982:Christian-Democratic People's Party
1972:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
1496:Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova
1466:Christian-Democratic People's Party
1456:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
537:Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
307:Christian-Democratic People's Party
2501:Popular fronts in the Soviet Union
1769:Unification of Moldova and Romania
1599:Alliance for Democracy and Reforms
1075:. Rowman & Littlefield, 2001,
585:at a Front meeting on 7 March 1991
353:, and the adjacent park harboring
299:Christian Democratic Popular Front
116:Christian Democratic Popular Front
32:National Patriotic Front (Moldova)
25:
1605:Alliance for European Integration
1400:Bloc of Communists and Socialists
902:Josan, Andreea (31 August 2023).
311:Partidul Popular Creștin Democrat
305:; 1992–99) and ultimately by the
2440:Moldova–European Union relations
2132:National Identity Bloc in Europe
1881:
1839:Union of Bessarabia with Romania
1772:
1762:
1441:European Social Democratic Party
1436:Dignity and Truth Platform Party
1376:
1262:
596:Union of Bessarabia with Romania
347:Mișcarea Democratică din Moldova
335:The precursor of the Front, the
303:Frontul Popular Creștin Democrat
295:Mișcarea Democratică din Moldova
2506:Romanian nationalism in Moldova
1873:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
1856:Soviet occupation of Bessarabia
285:, and in the newly independent
2486:Political movements in Moldova
1795:Russo-Turkish War of 1806–1812
1394:Party of Action and Solidarity
338:Democratic Movement of Moldova
321:Democratic Movement of Moldova
291:Democratic Movement of Moldova
106:Democratic Movement of Moldova
1:
2516:National liberation movements
2417:2018 unification declarations
1937:2015–2016 protests in Moldova
1832:Moldavian Democratic Republic
1528:National Alternative Movement
2402:Centenary of the Great Union
2285:Renato Usatîi Electoral Bloc
1645:Historical political parties
1635:Chance. Duties. Realization.
1373:Political parties in Moldova
2280:Party of Regions of Moldova
1800:Treaty of Bucharest of 1812
1667:Democratic Union of Freedom
1657:Communist Party of Moldavia
1652:Bessarabian Peasants' Party
1424:Extra-parliamentary parties
664:re-unification with Romania
275:Frontul Popular din Moldova
45:Frontul Popular din Moldova
2562:
2496:Liberal parties in Moldova
2407:Alliance for the Centenary
1977:Antimafia Popular Movement
1922:Romanian accession to NATO
1573:Socialist Party of Moldova
1234:Stephen the Great Monument
670:Decline and transformation
142:Romanian–Moldovan unionism
29:
2450:Moldova–Romania relations
2396:Bessarabia, Romanian land
2317:
2159:Romanian Nationhood Party
1879:
1710:List of political parties
1700:
1662:Democratic Agrarian Party
1260:
1239:Capitoline Wolf, Chișinău
922:Vorkunova in Alker, p.107
791:, Washington, D.C., 1995.
741:, Washington, D.C., 1995.
236:
227:
177:Romanian national colours
2481:Popular Front of Moldova
2455:Romanian nationality law
2029:Popular Front of Moldova
1997:Mișcarea Politică Unirea
1917:1994 Moldovan referendum
1866:National Patriotic Front
1790:Principality of Moldavia
1692:Popular Front of Moldova
1682:National Patriotic Front
1677:National Moldavian Party
1558:Party of Law and Justice
1501:Mișcarea Politică Unirea
1193:Popular Front of Moldova
1135:. Westview Press, 2000,
785:Moldova: A Country Study
735:Moldova: A Country Study
627:December 1989 Revolution
317:factions by early 1993.
263:Popular Front of Moldova
44:
42:Popular Front of Moldova
2154:People's Movement Party
1987:Democracy at Home Party
1900:Independence of Moldova
1568:Social Democratic Party
1481:European People's Party
1471:Democracy at Home Party
1446:Modern Democratic Party
510:Marea Adunare Națională
502:Grand National Assembly
489:Grand National Assembly
475:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
411:umbrella organisation,
161:Political position
2541:Anti-communist parties
2445:Moldova–NATO relations
2012:Romanian Popular Party
2007:National Liberal Party
1611:Pro-European Coalition
1583:Working People's Party
1516:Romanian Popular Party
1511:National Liberal Party
1120:. Hoover Press, 2000,
706:February 2001 election
697:February 1994 election
586:
575:
509:
498:
346:
332:
274:
18:Moldovan Popular Front
2460:Transnistria conflict
2275:Greater Moldova Party
2137:Greater Romania Party
2017:Save Bessarabia Union
1543:New Historical Option
1521:Save Bessarabia Union
1486:Greater Moldova Party
1476:Ecologist Green Party
1387:Parliamentary parties
581:
566:
553:Romanian Language Day
496:
328:
75:30 May 1989
2383:Unionist initiatives
2147:United Romania Party
2024:National Unity Party
1805:Bessarabian question
1720:Elections in Moldova
1687:Our Moldova Alliance
1533:National Unity Party
1086:Beissinger, Mark R.
1067:; Gurr, Ted Robert;
783:, Fedor, Helen, ed.
733:, Fedor, Helen, ed.
643:Sovetskaya Moldaviya
361:Aley of the Classics
146:Romanian nationalism
2080:Vladimir Plahotniuc
1817:Southern Bessarabia
1715:Politics of Moldova
1296:Alexandru Ion Barbu
1105:. Routledge, 2004,
789:Library of Congress
739:Library of Congress
688:War of Transnistria
415:("Gagauz People").
287:Republic of Moldova
241:Politics of Moldova
150:Christian democracy
2332:Vadim Krasnoselsky
1822:Russian Revolution
1538:New Force Movement
1321:Alexei Barbăneagră
885:2011-08-09 at the
841:The New York Times
731:The 1990 Elections
692:Agrarian Democrats
587:
576:
499:
333:
2468:
2467:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2108:
2107:
1728:
1727:
1339:
1338:
1316:Gheorghe Ghidirim
1286:Valeriu Muravschi
1229:Bridge of Flowers
1069:Rupesinghe, Kumar
1065:Alker, Hayward R.
805:Beissinger, p.226
781:Political Parties
750:Beissinger, p.225
604:Bridge of Flowers
549:Romanian language
541:Moldovan language
443:Moldovan language
389:Mikhail Gorbachev
259:
258:
246:Political parties
112:Succeeded by
16:(Redirected from
2553:
2424:Youth of Moldova
2357:Vladimir Voronin
2315:
2295:Motherland Party
2243:
2236:
2117:
1962:
1955:
1885:
1777:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1732:
1381:
1380:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1343:
1266:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1163:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1005:
999:
996:
990:
987:
981:
978:
972:
969:
963:
960:
954:
951:
945:
942:
933:
929:
923:
920:
914:
913:
899:
893:
877:
871:
869:
865:
859:
856:
845:
844:, 28 August 1989
836:
830:
826:
820:
817:
806:
803:
792:
778:
772:
769:
763:
760:
751:
748:
742:
728:
574:on 27 April 1990
405:demokratizatsiya
355:Aleea Clasicilor
232:
217:
198:
191:
184:
180:
102:Preceded by
97:
95:
82:
80:
37:
21:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2428:
2412:Centenary March
2366:
2337:Andrei Sangheli
2306:
2219:
2168:
2104:
2055:Dorin Chirtoacă
2038:
1946:
1892:
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395:that stressed
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1326:Tudor Botnaru
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1311:Ion Ungureanu
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1141:0-8133-3752-6
1138:
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1131:Kolstø, Pal.
1130:
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1126:0-8179-9792-X
1123:
1119:
1118:The Moldovans
1115:
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1111:0-7146-8415-5
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1081:0-7425-1028-X
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1052:Fawn, p. 66-7
1049:
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1007:Kolstø, p.144
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868:(in Romanian)
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858:Kolstø, p.140
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762:Kolstø, p.139
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616:Mircea Snegur
611:
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559:Rise to power
558:
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453:newspaper in
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373:Anatol Șalaru
370:
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330:Anatol Șalaru
327:
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279:Moldavian SSR
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130:Moldavian SSR
127:
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89:
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74:
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67:
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58:
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38:
33:
19:
2347:Vasile Stati
2205:Victor Ponta
2142:Noua Dreaptă
2075:Mihai Ghimpu
2028:
1893:developments
1827:Sfatul Țării
1691:
1491:Labour Party
1414:Independents
1273:Druc Cabinet
1223:
1192:
1147:
1132:
1117:
1102:
1101:Fawn, Rick.
1087:
1072:
1048:
1039:
1034:Melvin, p.67
1030:
1021:
1012:
1003:
994:
985:
976:
967:
958:
949:
927:
918:
907:
897:
890:
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863:
839:
834:
824:
784:
776:
767:
746:
734:
701:a referendum
685:
673:
652:
650:April 1990.
642:
639:
635:Transnistria
620:
612:
588:
555:ever since.
545:Latin script
530:
500:
463:
447:Transnistria
440:
432:
417:
413:Gagauz Halkı
386:
383:
366:
358:
354:
336:
334:
315:
310:
302:
298:
294:
290:
283:Soviet Union
266:
262:
260:
166:Centre-right
122:Headquarters
52:Abbreviation
2390:Action 2012
2215:Eugen Tomac
2070:Pavel Filip
1910:Moldovenism
1891:Post-Soviet
1844:Great Union
1625:(2015–2016)
1613:(2013–2015)
1607:(2009–2013)
1601:(1997–2001)
1291:Nicolae Țîu
1281:Mircea Druc
1244:Ion Hadârcă
1209:Deșteptarea
1025:King, p.154
989:King, p.153
971:King, p.150
953:King, p.151
944:King, p.149
819:King, p.140
771:King, p.138
623:Ion Iliescu
600:Iurie Roșca
592:Mircea Druc
420:Ion Hadârcă
401:perestroika
66:Ion Hadârcă
2475:Categories
2352:Irina Vlah
2327:Igor Dodon
2095:Ion Sturza
2085:Maia Sandu
2065:Vlad Filat
2060:Ion Costaș
1951:Supporters
1783:Background
1331:Ion Costaș
1059:References
1043:Fawn, p.66
980:Fawn, p.65
677:Bessarabia
625:after the
572:Parliament
223:Party flag
154:Liberalism
90:Early 1993
79:1989-05-30
2302:Șor Party
2290:Our Party
2232:Opponents
2180:Dan Barna
1592:Alliances
1548:Our Party
681:Ion Druță
659:Moldovans
655:Romanians
647:Yedinstvo
251:Elections
216:101 / 380
87:Dissolved
2433:See also
2342:Ilan Șor
1410:) (8+18)
1071:(eds.).
883:Archived
631:Gagauzia
533:Chișinău
526:Gagauzia
514:Moldovan
506:Romanian
455:Tiraspol
397:glasnost
380:Founding
343:Romanian
271:Romanian
137:Ideology
126:Chișinău
2311:Figures
2246:Parties
2239:Moldova
2173:Figures
2120:Parties
2113:Romania
2043:Figures
1965:Parties
1958:Moldova
1637:(2023–)
1631:(2024–)
1629:Victory
522:Russian
459:Russian
172:Colours
92: (
77: (
72:Founded
1619:(2015)
1461:Chance
1201:Topics
1154:
1139:
1124:
1109:
1094:
1079:
518:Gagauz
483:Hitler
479:Stalin
471:Moscow
409:Gagauz
403:, and
197:
193:Yellow
190:
183:
61:Leader
932:p.146
712:Notes
1416:(12)
1408:PSRM
1404:PCRM
1396:(62)
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