413:. It also satirized the colonial policies of the US and European nations towards the rest of the world, the venal corruption of the local elite, and equal rights for women while arguing repeatedly for Westernization and educational reform. But publishing such stridently anti-clerical material in a Muslim country in the early 20th century was done at no small risk to the editorial team. Members were often harassed, their offices attacked, and on more than one occasion, Mammadguluzadeh had to escape from protesters incensed by the contents of the magazine.
343:
471:
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Managing to speak to the intelligentsia as well as the masses, the magazine was an instant success and was read across the Muslim world from
Morocco to India. Roughly half of each eight-page issue featured illustrations, making the magazine accessible to the large numbers of people who were
355:
The periodical was founded by Jalil
Mammadguluzadeh, a famous Azerbaijani writer, and Omar Faig Nemanzadeh, a prominent educator and publicist, published by Geyrat Publishing House owned by both. The name "Molla Nasraddin" was inspired by the 13th century Muslim cleric
334:, the legendary Sufi wise man-cum-fool of the Middle Ages. Columnists wrote articles that "boldly satirized politics, religion, colonialism, Westernization, and modernization, education (or lack thereof), and the oppression of women".
350:
Europe and Japan are prosperous and developed while the rest of Asia, the Middle East and Africa are lands of slackers and oppressed lower classes. Caption: "The state of the continents in the twentieth
495:, self-contradictory, and staunchly in favor of the creolization that resulted from multiple languages (it drew on three alphabets), ideas, and identities (its editorial offices were itinerant between
523:– changed hands and names three or four times. By 1920, the Soviets had invaded Baku, affecting the quality of the magazine's editorial and art direction because it was forced to toe the
817:
941:
936:
971:
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391:
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405:’s primary purpose was to attack the hypocrisy of the Muslim clergy using an acerbic sense of humor and realist illustrations reminiscent of a Caucasian
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who was remembered for his funny stories and anecdotes. The main purpose of the magazine was to satirically depict various social phenomena, such as
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889:
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Only three issues came out in 1933 and shortly afterwards the magazine closed down. Nevertheless, its legacy cannot be underestimated.
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Bold and denunciative articles were the reason for numerous searches performed by the police and frequent bans of
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531:. Starting from the second issue of 1931, the magazine was renamed and until 1933 was published under the title
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line. From 1922 to 1933, the magazine was a periodical of the
Central and Baku Soviet of the
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coined the term "Molla
Nasreddinism" to describe the ability to tell things as they are.
519:'s two and a half decade run, the country at the heart of its polemics and caricatures –
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372:; and to ridicule backward lifestyles and values of the clergy and religious fanatics.
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Molla
Nasraddin - The Magazine: Laughter that Pricked the Conscience of a Nation
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383:, where within the next year he published eight more issues of the magazine.
379:(in 1912, 1914 and 1917). After a three-year break, Mammadguluzadeh moved to
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331:
109:
96:
17:
155:
Jalil
Mammadguluzadeh, Omar Faig Nemanzadeh and Mashadi Alasgar Bashirzadeh
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Language Unity of
Azerbaijan, Molla Nasreddin in Tabriz (1920-1921)
890:"Molla Nasreddin: The Magazine That Would've, Could've, Should've"
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341:
288:(1922–33). From the second issue of 1931, the magazine was called
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Storming the
Heavens: The Soviet League of the Militant Godless
908:"How Muslim Azerbaijan had satire years before Charlie Hebdo"
631:
Molla
Nasreddin: The Making of a Modern Trickster, 1906-1911
761:
420:
would often contain the following articles and columns:
901:
Elements of Humor: Molla Nasreddin in Azerbaijan (1988)
763:, Shexsiyyeter.nakhchivan.az; Retrieved 5 January 2018.
564:
offered inspiration to similar pamphleteers from the
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151:
141:
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650:"Molla Nasreddin ii. Political and Social Weekly"
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322:from Morocco to East Asia". It was founded by
600:and the creative Cauldron of Transcaucasia".
318:languages. The magazine was "read across the
264:
8:
715:"New-York Books: When Satire Conquered Iran"
683:"The Magazine That Almost Changed The World"
26:
942:1933 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
34:
25:
937:1906 establishments in the Russian Empire
777:Molla Nasraddin and Jalil Mammadguluzadeh
710:
708:
706:
704:
602:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
568:to the Middle East. The Azeri newspaper
430:Cartoons, caricatures, and illustrations
972:Satirical magazines published in Russia
957:Magazines published in the Soviet Union
671:
491:illiterate. Its written articles were
447:(journalistic and literary commentary)
906:Khalilova, Konul (28 February 2015).
596:Afary, Janet; Afary, Kamran (2021). "
7:
751:, Baku.ru; Retrieved 5 January 2018.
677:
675:
658:Encyclopædia Iranica, Online Edition
629:Afary, Janet; Afary, Kamran (2022).
733:. Vol 4:3 (Autumn 1996), pp. 22-23.
242:
60:Mammadali Sidgi Safarov (1910–1911)
660:. Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation.
394:genre in Azerbaijani literature.
265:
14:
947:Magazines published in Azerbaijan
717:, nybooks.com, 18 September 2012.
967:Magazines disestablished in 1933
876:
23:Azerbaijani satirical periodical
478:(second from right) displaying
441:(short witty pieces of writing)
952:Azerbaijani-language magazines
839:Peris, Daniel (May 23, 1998).
818:"Periodicheskaia pechat' SSSR"
633:. Edinburgh University Press.
1:
962:Magazines established in 1906
614:10.1080/13530194.2019.1659130
390:is in its development of the
330:(1872–1937), and named after
845:. Cornell University Press.
310:; meaning "Godless") in the
63:Aligulu Gamkusar (1913–1914)
529:League of Militant Atheists
474:Russian Second Duma member
1008:
807:; accessed 5 January 2018.
749:Great Soviet Encyclopaedia
92:Abdurrahim bey Hagverdiyev
15:
862:– via Google Books.
828:– via Google Books.
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545:
307:
256:
33:
805:Литературный Азербайджан
731:Azerbaijan International
276:periodical published in
459:Personal advertisements
450:Humorous advertisements
794:Mammadguluzadeh, Jalil
648:Javadi, Hasan (2000).
557:; meaning "Godless").
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482:
352:
299:
247:
987:Mass media in Tbilisi
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366:cultural assimilation
346:In a 1910 cartoon in
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324:Jalil Mammadguluzadeh
116:Artistic contributors
77:Jalil Mammadguluzadeh
55:Jalil Mammadguluzadeh
982:Mass media in Tabriz
892:. 15 September 2010.
885:at Wikimedia Commons
799:1 March 2007 at the
747:, an entry from the
386:The significance of
328:Omar Faig Nemanzadeh
269:) was an eight-page
105:Mammed Said Ordubadi
82:Omar Faig Nemanzadeh
16:For other uses, see
729:by Garibova, Jala.
87:Mirza Alakbar Sabir
30:
977:Mass media in Baku
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456:Humorous telegrams
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917:BBC World Service
881:Media related to
775:. (6 July 2006).
465:Satirical stories
314:and occasionally
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476:Mustafa Mahmudov
411:Toulouse-Lautrec
392:critical realist
326:(1869–1932) and
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266:Молла Насреддинъ
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123:Oskar Schmerling
101:Aligulu Gamkusar
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598:Mollā Nasreddin
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590:Further reading
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562:Molla Nasreddin
525:Bolshevik party
517:Molla Nasreddin
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488:
480:Molla Nasraddin
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418:Molla Nasraddin
403:Molla Nasreddin
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388:Molla Nasraddin
377:Molla Nasraddin
348:Molla Nasraddin
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261:old orthography
257:Молла Насреддин
248:Molla Nəsrəddin
234:Molla Nasraddin
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174:
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110:Mirza Ali Mojuz
49:Editor-in-chief
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41:Molla Nasraddin
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871:External links
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820:. May 23, 1955
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856:. Retrieved
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822:. Retrieved
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781:(in Persian)
779:BBC Persian
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320:Muslim world
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243:ملا نصرالدین
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128:Josef Rotter
115:
40:
27:
555:«Безбожник»
537:Azerbaijani
445:Feuilletons
434:Discussions
312:Azerbaijani
296:Azerbaijani
280:(1906–17),
271:Azerbaijani
239:Azerbaijani
225:Azerbaijani
213:(1922–1931)
193:(1906–1917)
168:Final issue
57:(1906–1931)
931:Categories
852:0801434858
666:References
546:«Аллаhсыз»
541:«Allahsız»
521:Azerbaijan
493:polyphonic
486:Popularity
370:corruption
362:inequality
201:Qajar Iran
142:Categories
992:Nasreddin
622:203436235
426:Anecdotes
398:Editorial
358:Nasreddin
351:century."
332:Nasreddin
308:Безбожник
274:satirical
97:Ali Nazmi
18:Nasreddin
912:BBC News
797:Archived
576:See also
533:Allahsyz
439:Facetiae
300:Allahsız
291:Allahsyz
221:Language
180:Based in
858:May 23,
824:May 23,
656:(ed.).
566:Balkans
551:Russian
515:During
497:Tbilisi
462:Postbox
338:History
316:Russian
304:Russian
253:Russian
187:Tbilisi
160:Founded
152:Founder
849:
693:26 May
637:
620:
570:Irshad
511:Demise
505:Tabriz
503:, and
381:Tabriz
368:, and
282:Tabriz
278:Tiflis
203:(1921)
197:Tabriz
170:Number
146:Satire
652:. In
618:S2CID
860:2020
847:ISBN
826:2020
695:2011
635:ISBN
501:Baku
286:Baku
207:Baku
173:1933
163:1906
894:By
610:doi
543:or
507:).
409:or
175:748
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910:.
803:,
703:^
685:.
674:^
616:.
606:48
604:.
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20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
