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populated by at least 15 households in 1902. Using the Mollie households listed in the county directory, and census counts for each matching
Harrison Township household, Mollie's unofficial population must have exceeded 55 in 1900. The 1900 Census is probably the census that is closest to Mollie's peak year for population. The oil part of the Indiana Gas Boom was just beginning in 1890, and the boom was already over by 1910—as evidenced by the closing of the Mollie Post Office in 1907. Mollie's population has been estimated to have a peaked around 25 during the 1920s, less than half of the probable population in 1900. Over the next 50 years the population continued to decline, and by the 1970s, Mollie consisted of just two houses. Mollie's population in 1972 was 4—increasing to 5 people in 1980.
364:
Township south of
Montpelier, Indiana (which is north of Mollie). By the mid-1890s, about two thirds of Harrison Township (25 square miles) was considered part of an oil-producing region. Nearby Montpelier was thought to be "the very heart of the greatest natural gas and oil field in the world". Mollie's location along Blackford County's north-south railroad line is about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) from Hartford City and 3.6 miles (5.8 km) from Montpelier. During the Indiana Gas Boom, Mollie's location was ideal for men working in nearby oil fields. Thus, Mollie had the fortune during the 1890s of being located between two
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61:
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590:(see railroad map). Although work constructing the railroad line began in the 1850s, it was not completed (by connecting Fort Wayne to Muncie) until 1870. The original company was named Fort Wayne & Southern Railroad Company, but by the time the railroad began operations, it was named Fort Wayne, Cincinnati & Louisville Railroad. (Most of the "Louisville" part of the name can be seen on the railroad map herein.) The
45:
649:
Western
Railroad line (owned by the Nickel Plate Road by that time) had already been discontinued in 1931. Many small towns, including Mollie, had started as stops on railroad lines. The automobile contributed to the decline of the railroad as a major provider of passenger transportation. It also changed “business and shopping patterns at the expense of the small-town merchant”.
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68:
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decreased business made it a "waste of time" to continue. Despite the closing of the Mollie Post Office, the grocery housed in the same building continued, as did the waiting station for the interurban that was also located in the building. In 1914, burning soot caused the grocery store building to burn to the ground.
633:
in Mollie was significantly diminished. By 1907, Mollie's Post Office was discontinued because of lack of demand—the oil workers had moved away. Elsewhere in the county, the gas and oil workers left, some of the manufacturers moved, and some of the service industries were forced to close or cut back.
465:
Milestone years in Mollie's history are 1870, when the railroad line was completed; 1878, when leading-citizen Jacob
Burnworth moved to Blackford County; 1888, when the Mollie Post Office opened; 1890, when the first oil well was successfully drilled between Montpelier and Mollie; and 1907, when the
322:
remain. Two houses are located nearby—including one that was built using bricks made from the community's tile mill. Interurban lines declined in popularity in
Indiana during the 20th century, and a line serving Mollie was removed in the 1940s. Although the track that was the Mollie railroad spur is
648:
A smaller factor to affect Mollie was the automobile. During the 20th
Century, the quality of automobiles and roads improved—resulting in the decline of interurban lines and passenger service on the railroads. The last interurban train ran on January 18, 1941. Passenger service on the Lake Erie and
607:
Mollie's leading resident during the
Indiana Gas Boom era was Jacob Burnworth, who moved to Blackford County in 1878. Burnworth also owned Mollie's two major enterprises: the grocery store and the tile factory. The building that housed the grocery also had additional purposes. The Mollie store also
443:
millions of years ago. These glaciers are also responsible for the rich
Blackford County farmland, which includes the land surrounding Mollie. "Standard cereals, wool and live stock" were the products of the area farms during Mollie's more prosperous years in the 1890s. One hundred years later, the
306:
Most of the small community's growth and demise is linked to the
Indiana Gas Boom. Two other factors were minor contributors to Mollie's decline. First, the depletion of the raw material used in the community’s tile manufacturing factory meant that Mollie lost its only manufacturer. A second factor
1263:
Biographical and historical record of Jay and
Blackford Counties, Indiana: Containing ... portraits and biographies of some of the prominent men of the state : engravings of prominent citizens in Jay and Blackford Counties, with personal histories of many of the leading families and a concise
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Around 1905, an interurban line began running parallel to the railroad. The interurban, called the trolley by the locals, connected with Montpelier to the north and Hartford City to the south. Automobiles gradually replaced interurbans as the popular choice for passenger transportation. Blackford
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In 1887, natural gas was discovered in nearby Hartford City, and Blackford County began its participation in the Indiana Gas Boom. More importantly for Mollie, oil was discovered north of Hartford City in Harrison Township. Blackford County's first oil well began producing during 1890 in Harrison
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Harrison Township less the city of Montpelier was 1,900. This would include farms, Mollie, and other small villages similar to Mollie. For the year 1900, the census lists the population for Harrison Township less the city of Montpelier as 1,867. Based on entries in a county directory, Mollie was
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Mollie's Post Office was discontinued in February 1907, and area mail began being handled by nearby Hartford City's Post Office. Although the Mollie Post Office was busy during the earlier years when the Blackford County oil field operations were significant, Postmaster Jacob Burnworth felt that
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The land once occupied by the Mollie community, located at the intersection of Blackford County roads 400 North and 300 East, is now farmland and owned privately. All commercial buildings have been demolished. Although the interurban line is gone, the railroad line is still in service. Norfolk
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Mollie's Post Office was established October 19, 1888. Henry H. Dean was the first postmaster, and this Post Office lasted for about one year before it was discontinued. The Post Office restarted on February 6, 1890, with Anderson Hatfield as the postmaster. It was housed in the front of Jacob
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acquired the Fort Wayne, Cincinnati & Louisville Railroad in 1890, and both names were used to describe the railroad during Mollie's more prosperous years. A short piece of railroad track branched off from the main line to enable the loading and unloading of railcars in Mollie. The Mollie
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condition of the land. The tile mill manufactured drain tile, building blocks, and bricks. At least one of the two houses still standing in the Mollie was built by using bricks from the local tile factory. Tile mill products could easily be shipped on the nearby railroad.
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Burnworth's grocery store. This Post Office became especially useful for workers in the nearby oil fields because mail could be easily sent and retrieved using the railroad. Although the grocery building burnt to the ground in 1891, the facility was rebuilt. The
595:"loading track" was listed in 1895 as having a length of 361 feet (110 m). Another short branch line, the 800-foot (240 m) Manhattan Oil spur, was located nearby. Although these branch lines have been removed, trains still operate over the main line.
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Southern Railway owns and operates the railroad line, which still connects the cities of Montpelier and Hartford City with each other and points throughout North America. (See photo—the track was undergoing maintenance work at the time the picture was taken.)
347:, at the intersection of county roads 400 North and 300 East. A railroad line passes very close to the intersection. A former resident, interviewed in 1972, believes the community was named after an early resident named Mollie, but she cannot recall Mollie's
645:. He owned the town's general store (which also contained the interurban station), and tile factory. The clay used by the tile factory became depleted, and the tile factory was moved to Hartford City. Burnworth died August 12, 1917, at the age of 76.
562:, cider mill, and a blacksmith shop. In later years, the grocery store was described as a “general store”. A community as small as Mollie could not justify having a hospital. However, Mollie had at least one registered physician, Doctor H. B. Reed.
299:, and a livestock station. The sole manufacturing facility was a brick and tile mill. Mollie's significance, in addition to its participation in the Indiana Gas Boom and its railroad station, is that Mollie is thought to be the site of the first
800:
Goltra, p. 79. This page lists the distance for railroad sidings in Hartford City, Mollie, and Montpelier from Fort Wayne. Differences in those mileages can be used to calculate the approximate distance by railroad between the Blackford County
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are the most popular crops grown in Blackford County, and over 65,000 acres (260 km) (60%) are devoted to these two crops according to a survey from the 1990s. Additional crops and livestock are also grown in Blackford County.
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At the beginning of the 20th century, the Indiana Gas Boom gradually came to an end. The end of the Gas Boom was difficult for many small communities, and it was a major cause of Mollie's decline. Unlike some communities, Mollie
295:. In addition to the oil fields, the area was also fertile farmland. Two county roads intersected at Mollie, making it well-located for area farmers as well as the oil workers. The small community had a feed mill, a grocery, a
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Beneath the soil of Mollie lies the Trenton Oil and Gas Field responsible for the Indiana Gas Boom. Oil production from the Trenton Field, which affected Mollie more than the production of natural gas, peaked around 1904.
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Mollie Post Office closed because of the end of the Gas (and oil) Boom. These events outline the rise, and the beginning of the decline, of the community. Population patterns can be expected to follow this outline.
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housed a small waiting station for the interurban and a post office. Burnworth served as the Mollie post master, and he was also a Justice of the Peace for Harrison Township. He died in 1917 at the age of 76.
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Mollie is located at the intersection of county roads 400 North and 300 East. A railroad passes very close to the intersection. During the late 19th Century and early 20th Century, passenger and freight
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stopped in the small community. A grain elevator and stockyard were located nearby, serving the area farmers. Livestock was transported to and from the area. Other buildings in Mollie included the tile
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population peaked at 17,123 in 1900, and it still has not returned to that zenith 100 years later. Mollie was still listed on maps during the 1920s, but its decline was already two decades old.
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lists the Mollie Post Office as one of seven Post Offices in Blackford County during 1895. In addition to the Post Office, the grocery building had a small waiting room for railroad passengers.
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have manufacturers that were dependent upon the low-cost energy provided by the abundant natural gas. However, the loss of the oil workers in the nearby Harrison Township oil fields meant that
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In 1972, Mollie's population was down to 4 people, and the community consisted of two houses. A "Welcome to Mollie, pop. 4" sign was kept nearby for the amusement of passing motorists.
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315:, automobile reliability, and automobile availability made people less dependent on railroads for transportation—diminishing Mollie's value as a stop along a railroad line.
513:. Farmers on horseback, and on foot, would drive cattle or hogs down the county roads to Mollie's stockyard. Livestock were typically shipped to stockyards in New York or
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476:, and the "Name of incorporated city, town, or village, within the above named division" heading on the census page was left blank. The population in 1890 for the
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Mollie's only manufacturing facility was a tile mill. Drainage tiles were important in Blackford County during the 19th century because of the original
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1315:
1065:
1237:
A History of Blackford County, Indiana : with historical accounts of the county, 1838-1986 histories of families who have lived in the county
509:
raised by area farmers were shipped out via the railroad. Mollie’s railroad facility, and the Mollie stockyard, were used by area farmers to ship
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Located in Mollie next to the intersection of the two county roads is a railroad line. This line was authorized in 1849, and connects the
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shop. These businesses had extra demand for their services during the Indiana Gas Boom, when numerous oil field workers worked nearby.
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Blackford and Grant Counties, Indiana A Chronicle of their People Past and Present with Family Lineage and Personal Memoirs: Volume I
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was forced to land near Mollie because of engine failure. This was exciting news in Blackford County, and people paid to ride the
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Other contributors to Mollie's demise concerned Jacob Burnworth and his tile factory. Burnworth was Mollie's leading citizen and
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from the 1880s until the 1920s. The region around Mollie experienced an economic "boom" period because of the discovery of
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The store, owned by Jacob Burnworth, is called a general store instead of a grocery store in this 1914 newspaper article.
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The railroad changed ownership and names more than once, and was also known as the Lake Erie and Western Railroad, the
351:. The community was essentially a small informal cluster of houses around a train station, and it was never officially
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Annual report of the Indiana State Board of Medical Registration and Examination for the year ending December 31, 1900
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276:. Mollie was a stop along the Fort Wayne, Cincinnati, and Louisville Railroad—and happened to be near the region's
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information is not directly available for Mollie. Residents of Mollie were counted as part of Blackford County's
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261:
150:
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Goodspeed. A picture of the sign is included in Goodspeed's article. The sign is also displayed on page 117 of
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Population of states and counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990: from the twenty-one decennial censuses
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Directory of Hartford City, Indiana, Together with a Complete Gazetteer of Blackford County Land Owners
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line) to Mollie to see the aircraft. A county historian believes this was one of the first, if not
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1320:. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Population Division. p. 225.
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Future Northern Indiana, including what became Harrison Township and Mollie, was flattened by two
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Monfort, Bert (November 25, 1980), "Molly – Thanksgiving in a small town (population five)",
1072:. It is currently (2011) part of the Norfolk Southern Railway. These names are discussed in
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Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Twenty-First Annual Report (1896)
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line was approximately halfway between the two largest cities in Blackford County:
1290:. Indianapolis: Indiana Department of Geology and Natural Resources. p. 718.
1239:. Hartford City, Indiana: Blackford County Historical Society. 1986. p. 302.
878:
1391:
Goodspeed, Darrell (December 28, 1972), ""4" – Small town boasts of population",
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February 7, 1907. (The article's headline spelled "Post Office" as "Postoffice".)
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Mollie's economy was centered on its railroad stop and agriculture. Mollie had a
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Based on 4 miles south of Montpelier, and mileages from the Montpelier, Indiana
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269:
1531:
Purdue University Center for New Crops & Plants Production (July 1, 2000).
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Shinn, page 185. The Burnworth portion of Shinn's book has been reproduced on
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1473:. Lanham, Maryland: Lanham : Rowman & Littlefield. p. 501.
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State of Indiana, Blackford County, Harrison Township, Sheets 5 through 9.
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page 11. "At first there was much swampy undrained land in the county."
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Indiana State Board of Agriculture; Indiana Geological Survey (1891).
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Biographical and historical record of Jay and Blackford Counties....,
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Indiana State Board of Medical Registration and Examination (1901).
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history of Jay and Blackford Counties and their cities and villages
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Goodspeed. Goodspeed calls the interurban line a "trolley system".
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North America: the historical geography of a changing continent
1516:
Biennial Report of Secretary of State of the State of Indiana
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Characteristics of the Lake Erie & Western Railroad System
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1378:. Indianapolis: Press of Levey Bros. & Co. p. 102.
1267:. Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company. 1887. p. 901.
368:, having an oil field nearby, and having railroad service.
1574:. Philadelphia, PA: Geo. F. Lasher, printer. p. 992.
1421:. Indianapolis: State Board of Agruculture. p. 543.
951:
Statistics of Population, Minor Civil Divisions, Table 5.
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Other businesses in Mollie included the general store, a
517:. Some livestock, such as lambs from the west, also came
1418:
Annual report of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture
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Mollie is considered part of East Central Indiana and
1554:. Chicago and New York: The Lewis Publishing Company.
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The Goodspeed article was also quoted on page 117 of
424:. It is located about 44 miles (71 km) south of
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Former populated places in Blackford County, Indiana
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p. 90, quoting the November 19, 1895 edition of the
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County's interurban was removed in the early 1940s.
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1467:McIlwraith, Thomas F.; Muller, Edward K. (2001).
1026:Indiana State Board of Medical Registration...,
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428:, and about 71 miles (114 km) northeast of
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847:
1568:United States Post Office Department (1895).
1518:. Indianapolis: Wm. B. Burford. p. 453.
1454:. Indianapolis: Wm. B. Burford. p. 227.
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990:This tile factory is pictured on page 117 of
811:Indiana State Board of Agriculture, page 279.
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412:first, aircraft to land in Blackford County.
8:
1439:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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327:still operate over the adjacent main line.
1496:"Jacob Burnworth, 76, is Dead at Mollie",
1309:. Troy, Ohio: George R. Dale. p. 168.
1133:"Jacob Burnworth, 76, is Dead at Mollie,"
20:
716:
714:
18:Extinct village in Indiana, United States
1349:. Charleston, SC: Arcadia. p. 128.
1343:Glass, James A.; Kohrman, David (2005).
339:village named Mollie was located in the
1400:"Historic Map Works – Blackford County"
670:
634:According to the United States Census,
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188:
175:
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119:
84:
53:
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1186:for Blackford County during the 1920s.
838:United States Post Office Department,
318:Today (2011), none of the community’s
323:gone, freight trains operated by the
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7:
1346:The Gas Boom of East Central Indiana
979:Twelfth Census of the United States,
960:This is based on listings in Dale's
949:Twelfth Census of the United States,
620:Site of extinct village named Mollie
1571:United States Official Postal Guide
720:Monfort. (This 1980 article in the
379:United States Official Postal Guide
1548:Shinn, Benjamin Granville (1914).
1402:. Historid Map Works, LLC. c. 1920
14:
1196:A History of Blackford County...,
992:A History of Blackford County....
922:A History of Blackford County...,
910:A History of Blackford County...,
827:A History of Blackford County...,
786:A History of Blackford County...,
760:A History of Blackford County...,
1221:A History of Blackford County...
899:Oil and Gas in Indiana web page.
746:Goodspeed's 1972 article in the
724:misspelled "Mollie" as "Molly".)
692:Goodspeed's 1972 article in the
393:Near the end of World War I, an
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59:
43:
1559:"Two Fires Do $ 3,500 Damage",
1107:A History of Blackford County…,
1074:A History of Blackford County…,
1003:A History of Blackford County…,
700:and the Blackford Wells Tracer
698:A History of Blackford County…,
706:A History of Blackford County…
592:Lake Erie and Western Railroad
497:portion of 1890s railroad map.
67:
1:
1314:Forstall, Richard L. (1996).
1252:"A Postoffice is Wiped Out",
853:"A Postoffice is Wiped Out,"
303:landing in Blackford County.
264:, that flourished during the
1015:Two Fires Do $ 3,500 Damage.
867:Two Fires Do $ 3,500 Damage.
702:(Volume 10, Issue 4, page 3)
1135:Hartford City Evening News,
1070:Norfolk and Western Railway
855:Hartford City Evening News,
1618:
1561:Hartford City Evening News
1498:Hartford City Evening News
1254:Hartford City Evening News
1514:Owen, William D. (1898).
1284:Blatchley, W. S. (1897).
694:Marion Chronicle-Tribune.
582:cities of Fort Wayne and
283:Mollie's location on the
262:Blackford County, Indiana
85:
54:
42:
30:
1507:Hartford City News-Times
1393:Marion Chronicle Tribune
1303:Dale, George R. (1902).
748:Marion Chronicle-Tribune
722:Hartford City News-Times
325:Norfolk Southern Railway
172:869 ft (265 m)
1207:McIlwraith and Muller,
964:less duplicate entries.
1602:Ghost towns in Indiana
1372:Goltra, W. F. (1895).
1123:the web. (scroll down)
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575:
498:
313:modern highway systems
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573:
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208: • Summer (
105:40.50833°N 85.31500°W
574:An 1890s locomotive.
337:East Central Indiana
320:commercial buildings
260:American village in
1535:. Purdue University
1182:Historic Map Works
1158:Glass and Kohrman,
936:'s Indiana CropMAP
679:Montpelier, Indiana
656:Remains of the site
426:Fort Wayne, Indiana
110:40.50833; -85.31500
101: /
1563:, November 5, 1914
1279:on August 7, 2011.
1256:, February 7, 1907
884:2011-07-14 at the
790:Montpelier Herald.
636:Blackford County's
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311:. Improvements in
182: • Total
49:Location of Mollie
1533:"Indiana CropMAP"
1500:, August 13, 1917
1066:Nickel Plate Road
934:Purdue University
474:Harrison Township
341:Harrison Township
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422:Northern Indiana
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86:Coordinates:
62:
46:
37:
34:
29:
22:
16:
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1539:February 12,
1537:. Retrieved
1515:
1506:
1497:
1469:
1450:
1417:
1404:. Retrieved
1392:
1374:
1345:
1316:
1305:
1286:
1277:the original
1262:
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1166:
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1142:
1134:
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1102:
1093:
1081:
1073:
1060:
1051:
1046:pp. 759-760.
1043:
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978:
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705:
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643:entrepreneur
640:
626:
623:
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577:
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531:
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477:
468:
464:
461:Demographics
438:
434:
430:Indianapolis
419:
409:
392:
383:
378:
375:
362:
334:
317:
305:
282:
253:
252:
15:
1509:, p. 6
897:See Rupp's
704:quoted the
448:-oriented.
446:agriculture
372:Post office
343:section of
297:Post Office
108: /
1591:Categories
1406:January 8,
1230:References
1170:Forstall,
1076:pp. 18-19.
1068:, and the
538:blacksmith
534:cider mill
493:Mollie in
406:interurban
335:The small
309:automobile
293:Montpelier
278:oil fields
177:Population
96:85°18′54″W
93:40°30′30″N
1489:248646178
1435:cite book
975:Gazetteer
962:Gazetteer
938:web site.
511:livestock
416:Geography
366:boomtowns
274:crude oil
241:Area code
191:Time zone
169:Elevation
151:Blackford
1524:39817243
1460:16566746
1365:61885891
1336:34927951
1273:15560416
1245:15144953
1184:web page
1160:page 91.
1085:Goltra,
977:and the
912:pp. 8-9.
882:Archived
879:web site
708:article.
566:Railroad
536:, and a
450:Soybeans
441:glaciers
359:Gas boom
307:was the
301:aircraft
285:railroad
229:ZIP code
163:Harrison
158:Township
1580:2483030
1427:4948696
1384:7147894
1296:7536715
1209:p. 336.
1148:p. 136.
973:Dale's
840:p. 580.
829:p. 117.
627:did not
612:Decline
580:Indiana
556:factory
515:Chicago
485:Economy
402:trolley
398:biplane
353:platted
349:surname
331:History
258:extinct
139:Indiana
122:Country
36:village
33:Extinct
1578:
1522:
1487:
1477:
1458:
1425:
1382:
1363:
1353:
1334:
1324:
1294:
1271:
1243:
1198:p. 19.
1172:p. 50.
1146:Owen,
1109:p. 19.
1087:p. 79.
1028:p. 71.
924:p. 10.
762:p. 46.
584:Muncie
551:trains
526:swampy
478:entire
470:Census
256:is an
254:Mollie
146:County
74:Mollie
25:Mollie
665:Notes
234:47348
217:UTC-4
196:UTC-5
134:State
1576:OCLC
1541:2011
1520:OCLC
1485:OCLC
1475:ISBN
1456:OCLC
1441:link
1423:OCLC
1408:2011
1380:OCLC
1361:OCLC
1351:ISBN
1332:OCLC
1322:ISBN
1292:OCLC
1269:OCLC
1241:OCLC
519:into
454:corn
452:and
395:army
291:and
272:and
507:hay
410:the
270:gas
246:765
221:EDT
210:DST
200:EST
1593::
1483:.
1437:}}
1433:{{
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185:5
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