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247:. As such, states can resort to coercive means such as incarceration, expropriation, humiliation, and death threats to obtain the population's compliance with its rule and thus maintain order. However, this monopoly is limited to a certain geographical area, and in fact this limitation to a particular area is one of the things that defines a state." In other words, Weber describes the state as any organization that succeeds in holding the exclusive right to use, threaten, or authorize physical force against residents of its territory. Such a monopoly, according to Weber, must occur via a process of
369:, the state would not otherwise be able to enforce its legitimacy in its desired sphere of influence. In early and developing states, this role was often played by the "stationary bandit" who defended villagers from roving bandits, in the hope that the protection would incentivize villagers to invest in economic production, and the stationary bandit could eventually use its coercive power to expropriate some of that wealth.
36:
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For the same reasons, "monopoly" does not mean that only the government may use physical force, but that the state is that human community that successfully claims for itself to be the only source of legitimacy for all physical coercion or adjudication of coercion. For example, the law might permit
431:, Jon D. Wiseman points out that a state's monopoly on violence is conferred by the people of that state in exchange for protection of their person and property, which in turn grants states the ability to coerce and exploit people through, for example, taxation.
423:
Martha
Lizabeth Phelps takes Weber's ideas on the legitimacy of private security a step further, claiming that the use of private actors by the state remains legitimate if and only if military contractors are perceived as being controlled by the state.
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providing buyers and sellers in the black market with protection. Without this type of enforcement, market participants would not be confident enough to trust their counter-parties to honor contracts and the market would collapse.
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1053:
365:. Fiscal capacity meaning the state's ability to recover taxation, and legal capacity meaning the state's supremacy as sole arbiter of conflict resolution and contract enforcement. Without some sort of
372:
In regions where state presence is minimally felt, non-state actors can use their monopoly on violence to establish legitimacy, or maintain power. For example, the
Sicilian Mafia originated as a
328:, but this right derives from the state's authority. This conflicts directly with enlightenment principles of individual sovereignty that delegates power to the state by consent, and concepts of
300:
He intended the statement as a contemporary observation, noting that the connection between the state and the use of physical force has not always been so close. He uses the examples of
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continues this comparison to say that warmaking and statemaking are actually the best representations of what organized crime can grow into. The relationship between the state,
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A compulsory political organization with continuous operations will be called a 'state' insofar as its administrative staff successfully upholds a claim to the
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and sex crimes (thus the nickname "bawdy courts"). Regardless, the state exists wherever a single authority can legitimately authorize violence.
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In unorganized and underground markets, violence is used to enforce contracts in the absence of accessible legal conflict resolution.
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201:(1919), the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force is a core concept of modern public law, which goes back to
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Phelps, Martha
Lizabeth (December 2014). "Doppelgangers of the State: Private Security and Transferable Legitimacy".
721:
Owens, Emily Greene (2011). "Are
Underground Markets Really More Violent? Evidence from Early 20th Century America".
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preexist the state and are only recognised and guaranteed by the state which may be restricted from limiting them by
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that a fundamental characteristic of statehood is the claim of such a monopoly. An expanded definition appears in
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Weber's rationalism and modern society: new translations on politics, bureaucracy, and social stratification
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Weber's rationalism and modern society: new translations on politics, bureaucracy, and social stratification
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are characterized by the absence of widely acknowledged legitimacy in the use of force between states.
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and violence has been noted as having a direct relationship, using violence as a form of coercion.
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558:. Translated by Waters, Tony; Waters, Dagmar. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 129–198.
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591:. Translated by Waters, Tony; Waters, Dagmar. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 136.
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827:"How the normative resistance of anarchism shaped the state monopoly on violence"
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Tilly, Charles (1985). “War making and state making as organized crime” in
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Roman
Agrarian History and Its Significance for Public and Private Law
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1154:
The 'Objectivity' of
Knowledge in Social Science and Social Policy
667:
Olson, Mancur (1993). "Dictatorship, Democracy, and
Development".
348:
131:
187:
While the monopoly on violence as the defining conception of the
2040:
1464:
639:(5 ed.). TĂĽbingen: J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck. p. 29.
305:
1413:
975:
1609:
1504:
149:
29:
971:
620:
Weber, Max (1978). Roth, Guenther; Wittich, Claus (eds.).
357:
The capacity of a state is often measured in terms of its
792:"Markets and Hierarchies: Some Elementary Considerations"
587:
Weber, Max (2015). Waters, Tony; Waters, Dagmar (eds.).
554:
Weber, Max (2015). Waters, Tony; Waters, Dagmar (eds.).
1046:
Zur
Geschichte der Handelsgesellschaften im Mittelalter
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that hold that individual rights deriving from sapient
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The
Sicilian Mafia: the business of private protection
144:
exercise. Due to the monopoly on violence held by the
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243:which lays claim to the monopoly on the legitimate
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296:Weber applied several caveats to this definition:
1161:The Protestant Sects and the Spirit of Capitalism
1078:The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
635:Weber, Max (1980) . Winckelmann, Johannes (ed.).
237:. Weber claims that the state is the "only human
513:Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun
148:, the police officer is allowed to use violence
1382:Archiv fĂĽr Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik
507:Police power (United States constitutional law)
429:Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, & Conflict
308:was permitted under certain conditions, and of
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140:officer holding a suspect at gunpoint during a
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952:Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, and Conflict
868:"Anarchism! What Geography Still Ought to be"
320:individuals to use force in defense of one's
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1931:
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27:Core legal concept and definition of a state
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1062:Condition of Farm Labour in Eastern Germany
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1168:The Rejection and the Meaning of the World
1086:The Economic Ethics of the World Religions
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980:
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180:, and thus the supreme authority of that
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1290:Three-component theory of stratification
624:. Berkeley: U. California P. p. 54.
3015:Reflections on the Revolution in France
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18:Monopoly on the legitimate use of force
1295:Tripartite classification of authority
710:. Harvard University Press. p. 1.
7:
191:was first described in sociology by
58:adding citations to reliable sources
3125:The End of History and the Last Man
3035:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
392:view a direct relationship between
353:Anarchist placard, 12 December 2020
950:Kurtz, L.R.; Turpin, J.E. (1999).
292:) in the enforcement of its order.
166:monopoly on the legal use of force
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723:American Law and Economics Review
669:American Political Science Review
3323:Concepts in political philosophy
3095:The Open Society and Its Enemies
907:Paix et guerre entre les nations
893:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2012.01034.x
400:of rejection of all unjustified
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1902:Family as a model for the state
1389:German Sociological Association
671:. September 1993 (3): 567–576.
218:Les Six livres de la RĂ©publique
172:that is the only entity in its
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3252:Separation of church and state
3150:Collectivism and individualism
3105:The Origins of Totalitarianism
790:Williamson, Oliver E. (1973).
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3292:Category:Political philosophy
3165:Critique of political economy
457:Civil control of the military
3190:Institutional discrimination
3185:History of political thought
1917:Negative and positive rights
1243:Methodological individualism
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519:Power (social and political)
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2985:Two Treatises of Government
824:Newell, Michael E. (2019).
637:Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft
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745:Bringing the State Back In
345:Relation to state capacity
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913:, 1966. New edition 2003.
3075:The Revolt of the Masses
1373:Verein fĂĽr Socialpolitik
1228:Inner-worldly asceticism
1200:General Economic History
865:Springer, Simon (2012).
844:10.1177/1354066119848037
706:Gambetta, Diego (1996).
3055:The Communist Manifesto
1981:Tyranny of the majority
1892:Consent of the governed
1394:German Democratic Party
909:, Paris 1962; English:
655:Encyclopædia Britannica
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138:PolicĂa Nacional Civil
69:"Monopoly on violence"
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1253:Protestant work ethic
1186:Science as a Vocation
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1101:The Religion of India
1093:The Religion of China
925:Politics & Policy
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1907:Monopoly on violence
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954:. Elsevier Science.
650:Monopoly on violence
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176:to legitimately use
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3115:A Theory of Justice
3085:The Road to Serfdom
3005:The Social Contract
1712:Christian democracy
1135:Economy and Society
885:2012Antip..44.1605S
731:10.1093/aler/ahq017
622:Economy and Society
452:Conflict resolution
270:Economy and Society
142:security checkpoint
3247:Political violence
3242:Political theology
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937:10.1111/polp.12100
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725:. v13, N1: 1–44.
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2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2293:
2291:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2173:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2002:
2000:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1956:Overton window
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1787:Libertarianism
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1414:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1377:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1354:Marianne Weber
1351:
1345:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1305:Rational-legal
1302:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1283:Value-rational
1280:
1275:
1270:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1218:Disenchantment
1214:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1204:
1196:
1189:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1131:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1105:
1097:
1082:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1050:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1001:
999:
998:
991:
984:
976:
968:
967:
960:
942:
931:(6): 824–849.
915:
905:Raymond Aron.
898:
857:
816:
805:(2): 316–325.
782:
749:
736:
713:
698:
659:
642:
627:
612:
605:
579:
572:
545:
544:
542:
539:
537:
536:
531:
529:State-building
526:
521:
516:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
438:
436:
433:
409:
406:
363:legal capacity
346:
343:
342:
341:
334:self-ownership
317:
256:
253:
128:
127:
110:September 2014
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3335:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3195:Jurisprudence
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3026:
3025:Rights of Man
3022:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2937:
2936:
2935:De re publica
2932:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2555:20th and 21st
2553:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2288:18th and 19th
2286:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2144:Nizam al-Mulk
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1827:Republicanism
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1423:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1342:Max Weber Sr.
1340:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1318:
1317:Value-freedom
1315:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1263:Social action
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1004:
997:
992:
990:
985:
983:
978:
977:
974:
963:
957:
953:
946:
943:
938:
934:
930:
926:
919:
916:
912:
911:Peace and War
908:
902:
899:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
869:
861:
858:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
828:
820:
817:
812:
808:
804:
800:
793:
786:
783:
778:
774:
770:
766:
761:
753:
750:
746:
740:
737:
732:
728:
724:
717:
714:
709:
702:
699:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
663:
660:
657:
656:
651:
646:
643:
638:
631:
628:
623:
616:
613:
608:
602:
598:
594:
590:
583:
580:
575:
569:
565:
561:
557:
550:
547:
540:
535:
534:Statelessness
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
514:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
439:
434:
432:
430:
425:
421:
419:
415:
412:According to
407:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
382:Charles Tilly
378:
375:
370:
368:
364:
360:
351:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:
297:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
273:
271:
267:
266:
261:
252:
250:
246:
242:
241:
236:
235:
230:
229:Thomas Hobbes
227:
224:
220:
219:
215:'s 1576 work
214:
211:
207:
204:
200:
199:
195:in his essay
194:
190:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
151:
147:
143:
139:
136:A Guatemalan
134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3276:
3175:Elite theory
3123:
3113:
3103:
3093:
3083:
3073:
3063:
3053:
3043:
3033:
3023:
3013:
3003:
2993:
2983:
2973:
2963:
2953:
2943:
2933:
2923:
2913:
2212:Guicciardini
2168:Early modern
1991:Philosophers
1941:Open society
1906:
1877:Body politic
1747:Distributism
1737:Conservatism
1732:Confucianism
1651:Gerontocracy
1641:Dictatorship
1595:Sovereignty‎
1585:Ruling class
1475:Emancipation
1460:Citizenship‎
1348:Alfred Weber
1278:Instrumental
1247:
1238:Life chances
1198:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1107:
1099:
1091:
1084:
1076:
1068:
1060:
1052:
1044:
1014:Bibliography
951:
945:
928:
924:
918:
910:
906:
901:
876:
872:
860:
835:
831:
819:
802:
798:
785:
768:
764:
752:
744:
739:
722:
716:
707:
701:
668:
662:
653:
645:
636:
630:
621:
615:
588:
582:
555:
549:
524:Private army
467:Failed state
428:
426:
422:
414:Raymond Aron
411:
379:
371:
356:
295:
289:
285:
281:
277:
275:
269:
263:
258:
249:legitimation
240:Gemeinschaft
238:
232:
231:' 1651 book
216:
196:
186:
174:jurisdiction
165:
161:
155:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3049:(1835–1840)
2929:(c. 350 BC)
2919:(c. 375 BC)
2536:Tocqueville
2501:Saint-Simon
2466:Montesquieu
2317:Bolingbroke
2249:Machiavelli
2129:Ibn Khaldun
2094:Alpharabius
2087:Middle Ages
1912:Natural law
1887:Common good
1812:Nationalism
1772:Imperialism
1742:Corporatism
1717:Colonialism
1697:Agrarianism
1676:Technocracy
1656:Meritocracy
1636:Bureaucracy
1626:Aristocracy
1310:Traditional
1300:Charismatic
1273:Traditional
1268:Affectional
330:natural law
226:philosopher
3307:Categories
3257:Separatism
3065:On Liberty
2965:The Prince
2694:Huntington
2197:Campanella
2124:al-Ghazali
2073:Thucydides
2031:Lactantius
1976:Statolatry
1802:Monarchism
1782:Liberalism
1707:Capitalism
1690:Ideologies
1671:Plutocracy
1619:Government
1575:Revolution
1560:Propaganda
1510:Legitimacy
1485:Government
1223:Ideal type
1024:Liberalism
541:References
477:Insurgency
394:capitalism
390:Anarchists
282:legitimate
213:Jean Bodin
80:newspapers
3313:Max Weber
2975:Leviathan
2955:Monarchia
2949:(c. 1274)
2784:Oakeshott
2729:Mansfield
2724:Luxemburg
2709:Kropotkin
2604:Bernstein
2557:centuries
2471:Nietzsche
2414:Jefferson
2342:Condorcet
2290:centuries
2269:Pufendorf
2134:Marsilius
2021:Confucius
2006:Aristotle
1999:Antiquity
1927:Noble lie
1847:Third Way
1842:Socialism
1767:Feudalism
1722:Communism
1702:Anarchism
1681:Theocracy
1666:Oligarchy
1646:Democracy
1631:Autocracy
1545:Pluralism
1530:Obedience
1495:Hierarchy
1455:Authority
1350:(brother)
1324:Verstehen
1233:Iron cage
1003:Max Weber
852:182194314
771:: 37–51.
693:145312307
402:hierarchy
302:feudalism
262:wrote in
260:Max Weber
234:Leviathan
193:Max Weber
3230:Centrism
2925:Politics
2915:Republic
2884:Voegelin
2864:Spengler
2849:Shariati
2824:Rothbard
2779:Nussbaum
2679:Habermas
2654:Fukuyama
2644:Foucault
2569:Ambedkar
2546:Voltaire
2516:de Staël
2491:Rousseau
2372:Franklin
2347:Constant
2307:Beccaria
2139:Muhammad
2119:Gelasius
2104:Averroes
2078:Xenophon
2058:Polybius
2011:Chanakya
1856:Concepts
1822:Populism
1792:Localism
1777:Islamism
1762:Feminism
1661:Monarchy
1565:Property
1555:Progress
1520:Monopoly
1490:Hegemony
1344:(father)
1211:Concepts
1195:" (1919)
1188:" (1917)
1178:Lectures
1170:" (1916)
1163:" (1904)
1156:" (1904)
1127:The City
873:Antipode
442:Coercion
435:See also
367:coercion
326:property
304:, where
278:monopoly
3267:Statism
3180:Elitism
3138:Related
2939:(51 BC)
2869:Strauss
2844:Scruton
2839:Schmitt
2829:Russell
2749:Michels
2744:Maurras
2739:Marcuse
2699:Kautsky
2669:Gramsci
2664:Gentile
2634:Dworkin
2624:Du Bois
2619:Dmowski
2614:Chomsky
2609:Burnham
2594:Benoist
2564:Agamben
2531:Thoreau
2521:Stirner
2511:Spencer
2456:Mazzini
2446:Maistre
2441:Madison
2436:Le Play
2367:Fourier
2332:Carlyle
2312:Bentham
2302:Bastiat
2297:Bakunin
2274:Spinoza
2264:MĂĽntzer
2234:Leibniz
2207:Grotius
2187:Bossuet
2154:Plethon
2099:Aquinas
2068:Sun Tzu
2036:Mencius
2026:Han Fei
1797:Marxism
1757:Fascism
1590:Society
1515:Liberty
1500:Justice
1480:Freedom
1364:Related
881:Bibcode
811:1817092
685:2938736
652:at the
427:In the
386:markets
280:of the
223:English
150:legally
94:scholar
3129:(1992)
3119:(1971)
3109:(1951)
3099:(1945)
3089:(1944)
3079:(1929)
3069:(1859)
3059:(1848)
3039:(1820)
3029:(1791)
3019:(1790)
3009:(1762)
2999:(1748)
2989:(1689)
2979:(1651)
2969:(1532)
2959:(1313)
2889:Walzer
2879:Taylor
2834:Sartre
2799:Popper
2794:Pareto
2789:Ortega
2774:Nozick
2764:Mouffe
2714:Laclau
2674:Guénon
2659:Gandhi
2599:Berlin
2589:Bauman
2584:Badiou
2574:Arendt
2541:Tucker
2431:Le Bon
2392:Herder
2382:Haller
2377:Godwin
2362:Fichte
2357:Engels
2352:Cortés
2322:Bonald
2279:Suárez
2254:Milton
2244:Luther
2217:Hobbes
2202:Filmer
2192:Calvin
2177:Boétie
2170:period
2149:Ockham
2016:Cicero
1817:Nazism
1605:Utopia
1580:Rights
1570:Regime
1540:People
1525:Nation
1356:(wife)
1335:People
1203:(1923)
1146:Essays
1138:(1922)
1130:(1921)
1122:(1920)
1112:(1921)
1104:(1916)
1096:(1915)
1081:(1905)
1073:(1896)
1065:(1892)
1057:(1891)
1049:(1889)
958:
850:
809:
691:
683:
603:
570:
359:fiscal
314:heresy
206:jurist
203:French
170:polity
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3278:Index
2907:Works
2894:Weber
2859:Spann
2854:Sorel
2819:Röpke
2814:Rawls
2769:Negri
2759:Mosca
2754:Mises
2719:Lenin
2689:Hoppe
2684:Hayek
2649:Fromm
2639:Evola
2629:Dugin
2526:Taine
2506:Smith
2486:Renan
2481:Paine
2402:Iqbal
2387:Hegel
2337:Comte
2327:Burke
2239:Locke
2229:James
2182:Bodin
2114:Dante
2109:Bruni
2063:Shang
2046:Plato
1600:State
1550:Power
1535:Peace
1470:Elite
1448:Terms
1038:Books
848:S2CID
807:JSTOR
795:(PDF)
689:S2CID
681:JSTOR
408:Other
189:state
178:force
146:state
101:JSTOR
87:books
2809:Rand
2804:Qutb
2704:Kirk
2579:Aron
2496:Sade
2476:Owen
2461:Mill
2451:Marx
2419:Kant
2397:Hume
2259:More
2159:Wang
2041:Mozi
1465:Duty
956:ISBN
601:ISBN
568:ISBN
361:and
322:self
221:and
208:and
182:area
160:, a
73:news
2874:Sun
2734:Mao
1610:War
1505:Law
933:doi
889:doi
840:doi
773:doi
727:doi
673:doi
593:doi
560:doi
324:or
286:das
164:or
156:In
56:by
3309::
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