404:
434:(sword-shaped). The blades are parallel-veined. The margin is entire. The corms form in vertical chains, with the youngest at the top, and oldest and largest buried most deeply in the soil. The roots of the lowermost corm in a chain are contractile roots and drag the corm deeper into the ground where conditions allow. The chains of corms are fragile and easily separated, a quality that has enabled some species to become invasive and difficult to control in the garden.
57:
77:
889:
908:
924:
597:
1950:
1989:
653:– South Africa; naturalised in parts of Europe, Rwanda, Zaire, Assam, Norfolk Island in Australia, Fiji, the Caribbean, Argentina, Tristan da Cunha (
1898:
1963:
1911:
2025:
1143:
403:
907:
1820:
1087:
888:
575:
1199:
1825:
1937:
792:
1564:
1285:
2074:
1968:
1502:
1976:
1259:
758:
634:
521:
1050:
923:
1469:
1176:
Crocosmias are also known as montbretia, although this tends to refer to the common species
Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora.
1794:
1781:
822:
486:
478:
458:
431:
2079:
2038:
76:
1994:
564:
2125:
619:
569:
207:
994:
2043:
1414:
1885:
1622:
1159:
1061:
807:
715:
627:
215:
184:
1241:
698:
591:
2115:
1859:
1724:
623:
560:
1799:
1215:
775:
Crocosmias are grown worldwide, and more than 400 cultivars have been produced. Some hybrids have become
1890:
1864:
826:
729:
1651:
724:
1337:
1311:
665:
2004:
1916:
1683:
709:
683:
675:
605:
211:
1440:
1535:
2120:
2087:
2030:
1872:
1362:
743:
546:
541:
that have naturalised, while "crocosmia" is reserved for less aggressive red-flowered cultivars.
454:
223:
71:
1593:
56:
167:
2012:
1955:
1807:
1195:
1189:
1139:
1083:
803:
799:
737:
631:(Falling Stars) – eastern + southern Africa from Cape Province to Sudan; naturalised in Azores
2017:
776:
551:
360:
320:
263:
36:
1697:
1131:
811:
613:
601:
489:
200:
114:
1877:
1762:
1851:
1388:
1108:
1027:
788:
645:
368:
101:
2109:
466:
446:
438:
127:
2092:
1812:
689:
671:
380:
192:
1773:
1786:
2066:
1981:
1924:
1756:
649:
482:
244:
137:
1103:
503:, meaning "odour" – from the dried leaves emitting a strong smell like that of
1065:
1022:
965:
442:
392:
157:
1747:
1846:
1833:
474:
419:
416:
412:
372:
364:
147:
2056:
17:
2051:
1741:
538:
530:. "Montbretia" is commonly used in the British Isles for orange-flowered
388:
787:
hybrids, which are invasive in the UK, Ireland, Australia, New
Zealand,
513:– another genus belonging to the Iridaceae) when immersed in hot water.
1903:
504:
1929:
1055:
509:
470:
462:
450:
376:
1718:
441:
of 4 to 20 vivid red and orange alternate flowers on a horizontally
1242:"Wildly beautiful but caution should be taken with invasive plants"
453:. These flower from early summer well into autumn. The flowers are
445:(branched) stem. The terminal inflorescence can have the form of a
1838:
423:
407:
Naturalized montbretia (escaped from its original garden location)
402:
384:
356:
88:
1942:
815:
427:
1722:
1286:"Common Weeds of New Zealand: Introduced and Invasive Species"
341:
1216:"Montbretia crocosmia x crocosmiiflora identification guide"
347:
305:
293:
290:
272:
733:– Lesotho, Free State, Drakensberg Mountains in Mpumalanga
344:
326:
281:
679:– Kamiesberg Mountains in Cape Province of South Africa
520:
is still widely used, especially for the garden hybrid
27:
Genus of flowering plants in the Iris family
Iridaceae
1136:
The Iris Family: Natural
History & Classification
329:
299:
284:
278:
266:
1138:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 144–147.
586:
Species accepted by Kew Plants of the World Online:
338:
335:
302:
269:
236:
Klotzsch ex Klatt name published without description
1731:
1704:(Royal Horticultural Society Plant Collector Guide)
332:
323:
287:
275:
748:(Pott's montbretia) – Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal
694:(Giant montbretia) – Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal
485:by insects, birds (sunbirds) or by the wind. The
1367:North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
989:
987:
985:
495:The genus name is derived from the Greek words
720:(Aunt Eliza) – Lesotho, Eswatini, South Africa
1700:, John Manning, Gary Dunlop, Auriol Batten -
8:
1082:. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008.
1719:
1441:"AGM Plants April 2023 © RHS – Ornamental"
55:
44:
1421:. California Invasive Plant Council. 2024
1312:"Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora (montbretia)"
574:, a fellow French botanist on Napoleon's
1191:100 Flowers and How They Got Their Names
981:
940:
884:
34:is also a synonym for the plant genus
1395:. University of Georgia. October 2018
1194:. Algonquin Books. pp. 142–143.
1080:RHS A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants
929:Montbretia, south Manchester, England
705:– Drakensberg Mountains in Mpumalanga
7:
2080:b6b52478-bb7f-4e08-963f-e18405cbb80c
2005:50dc5eb5-3ac6-4aec-b9bc-392b774f4e37
1338:"Weed Information Sheet: Montbretia"
1220:Environet Invasive Plant Specialists
559:were once included. It was named by
25:
1369:. North Carolina State University
703:(L.Bolus) Goldblatt ex M.P.de Vos
422:that grow from basal underground
922:
906:
887:
492:are shorter than they are wide.
359:of flowering plants in the iris
319:
262:
75:
2044:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1
947:Also called 'Carmin Brilliant'.
793:West Coast of the United States
1002:Kew Plants of the World Online
798:Crocosmia are winter-hardy in
1:
1164:BBC Gardeners' World Magazine
1415:"Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora"
1389:"Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora"
1363:"Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora"
1260:"Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora"
565:Ernest Coquebert de Montbret
823:Royal Horticultural Society
821:24 cultivars possessed the
555:, in which some species of
426:. The alternate leaves are
30:Montbretia redirects here.
2142:
1134:; Manning, John C (2008).
473:have an equal length. The
465:. The fertile flowers are
29:
1573:Missouri Botanical Garden
1290:Wildflowers-and-Weeds.com
1109:Dictionary.com Unabridged
1028:Dictionary.com Unabridged
499:, meaning "saffron", and
229:
222:
198:
191:
72:Scientific classification
70:
63:
54:
47:
1707:Kostelijk, P.J. (1984) "
1702:Crocosmia and Chasmanthe
1692:Flora of Southern Africa
1450:. April 2023. p. 30
1160:"How to Grow Crocosmias"
375:of southern and eastern
1292:. Thomas J. Elpel. 2024
1062:Oxford University Press
561:Alire Raffeneau Delile
507:(a spice derived from
408:
1627:'Paul's Best Yellow'"
1188:Wells, Diana (1997).
1058:UK English Dictionary
827:Award of Garden Merit
699:Crocosmia mathewsiana
592:Crocosmia ambongensis
516:The alternative name
406:
1316:CABI Digital Library
1266:. Lucidcentral. 2016
869:'Paul's Best Yellow'
829:in 2023, including:
710:Crocosmia paniculata
684:Crocosmia masoniorum
437:They have colourful
1511:'Star of the East'"
547:heterotypic synonym
1478:'Carmin brillant'"
1318:. 8 September 2016
1264:Weeds of Australia
917:'Lucifer' in bloom
851:'Star of the East'
409:
2103:
2102:
2013:Open Tree of Life
1725:Taxon identifiers
1656:'Severn Sunrise'"
1145:978-0-88192-897-6
1068:on 22 March 2020.
841:'Carmin Brillant'
800:temperate regions
747:
738:Crocosmia pottsii
732:
725:Crocosmia pearsei
719:
704:
693:
678:
652:
630:
608:
576:Egyptian Campaign
481:forked. They are
430:(stem-borne) and
387:. One species is
313:), also known as
253:
252:
247:
237:
187:
16:(Redirected from
2133:
2126:Iridaceae genera
2096:
2095:
2083:
2082:
2070:
2069:
2060:
2059:
2047:
2046:
2034:
2033:
2021:
2020:
2008:
2007:
1998:
1997:
1985:
1984:
1982:NHMSYS0000457712
1972:
1971:
1959:
1958:
1946:
1945:
1933:
1932:
1920:
1919:
1907:
1906:
1894:
1893:
1881:
1880:
1868:
1867:
1855:
1854:
1842:
1841:
1829:
1828:
1816:
1815:
1803:
1802:
1790:
1789:
1777:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1720:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1648:
1642:
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1637:
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1613:
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1610:
1608:
1590:
1584:
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1445:
1437:
1431:
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1426:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1385:
1379:
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1374:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1248:. 5 August 2017.
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1132:Goldblatt, Peter
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1064:. Archived from
1047:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1008:
991:
969:
954:
948:
945:
926:
910:
891:
875:'Severn Sunrise'
741:
728:
713:
702:
687:
669:
666:Crocosmia fucata
643:
617:
595:
573:
461:(zigzag) arched
354:
353:
350:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
312:
311:
308:
307:
304:
301:
296:
295:
292:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
243:
235:
183:
80:
79:
59:
45:
21:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2091:
2086:
2078:
2073:
2065:
2063:
2055:
2050:
2042:
2037:
2029:
2024:
2016:
2011:
2003:
2001:
1993:
1988:
1980:
1975:
1967:
1962:
1954:
1949:
1941:
1936:
1928:
1923:
1915:
1910:
1902:
1897:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1871:
1863:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1837:
1832:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1806:
1798:
1793:
1785:
1780:
1772:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1727:
1698:Peter Goldblatt
1680:
1675:
1674:
1664:
1662:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1486:
1484:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1424:
1422:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1398:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1169:
1167:
1166:. 20 April 2020
1158:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1090:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1034:
1032:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1006:
1004:
993:
992:
983:
978:
973:
972:
955:
951:
946:
942:
937:
930:
927:
918:
911:
902:
901:corms in winter
892:
883:
878:
773:
755:
614:Crocosmia aurea
584:
567:
401:
379:, ranging from
322:
318:
298:
265:
261:
218:
204:
201:Crocosmia aurea
182:
74:
65:Crocosmia aurea
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2139:
2137:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2093:wfo-4000009738
2084:
2071:
2061:
2048:
2035:
2022:
2009:
1999:
1986:
1973:
1960:
1947:
1934:
1921:
1908:
1895:
1882:
1869:
1856:
1843:
1830:
1817:
1804:
1791:
1778:
1768:
1753:
1737:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1705:
1695:
1679:
1678:External links
1676:
1673:
1672:
1643:
1614:
1585:
1556:
1527:
1509:crocosmiiflora
1494:
1476:crocosmiiflora
1461:
1432:
1406:
1380:
1354:
1329:
1303:
1277:
1251:
1246:Irish Examiner
1233:
1207:
1200:
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1123:
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1089:978-1405332965
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912:
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903:
899:crocosmiiflora
893:
886:
882:
879:
877:
876:
870:
864:
858:
852:
849:crocosmiiflora
842:
839:crocosmiiflora
831:
802:. They can be
789:North Carolina
785:crocosmiiflora
772:
769:
768:
767:
764:crocosmiiflora
754:
753:Garden hybrids
751:
750:
749:
734:
721:
706:
695:
680:
662:
640:crocosmiiflora
632:
610:
583:
580:
536:crocosmiiflora
527:crocosmiiflora
467:hermaphroditic
439:inflorescences
400:
397:
355:), is a small
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2138:
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2117:
2116:Garden plants
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1714:
1713:The Plantsman
1711:in gardens".
1710:
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1699:
1696:
1693:
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1685:
1684:De Vos, M. P.
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1165:
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1124:
1112:(Online). n.d
1111:
1110:
1105:
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1085:
1081:
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1063:
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1031:(Online). n.d
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828:
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790:
786:
782:
779:, especially
778:
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731:
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633:
629:
625:
621:
616:
615:
611:
607:
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594:
593:
589:
588:
587:
581:
579:
577:
571:
566:
562:
558:
554:
553:
549:of the genus
548:
544:
540:
537:
533:
529:
528:
524:
519:
514:
512:
511:
506:
502:
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193:Type species
178:
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1925:iNaturalist
1757:Wikispecies
1715:5: 246–253.
1694:7: 129–138.
1540:'Hellfire'"
1342:Weedbusters
1051:"Crocosmia"
1023:"Crocosmia"
818:in spring.
810:, removing
771:Cultivation
718:) Goldblatt
606:J.C.Manning
568: [
399:Description
154:Subfamily:
138:Asparagales
115:Angiosperms
2110:Categories
1598:'Lucifer'"
1569:'Lucifer'"
976:References
966:Alan Bloom
857:'Hellfire'
804:propagated
791:, and the
676:M.P.de Vos
659:C. pottsii
545:is also a
543:Montbretia
518:montbretia
483:pollinated
443:divaricate
420:perennials
393:Madagascar
373:grasslands
315:montbretia
233:Crocanthus
158:Crocoideae
32:Montbretia
18:Montbretia
2121:Iridaceae
1878:Crocosmia
1847:FloraBase
1826:Crocosmia
1763:Crocosmia
1733:Crocosmia
1709:Crocosmia
1688:Crocosmia
1665:21 August
1654:Crocosmia
1636:21 August
1625:Crocosmia
1607:21 August
1596:Crocosmia
1578:21 August
1567:Crocosmia
1549:21 August
1538:Crocosmia
1520:21 August
1505:Crocosmia
1487:21 August
1472:Crocosmia
1454:21 August
1425:21 August
1399:21 August
1373:21 August
1347:21 August
1322:21 August
1296:21 August
1270:21 August
1226:21 August
1170:20 August
1116:20 August
1035:20 August
1007:20 August
997:Crocosmia
958:Crocosmia
915:Crocosmia
895:Crocosmia
873:Crocosmia
867:Crocosmia
863:'Lucifer'
861:Crocosmia
855:Crocosmia
845:Crocosmia
835:Crocosmia
814:from the
760:Crocosmia
746:) N.E.Br.
692:) N.E.Br.
636:Crocosmia
602:Goldblatt
598:H.Perrier
557:Crocosmia
539:cultivars
487:dehiscent
417:deciduous
413:evergreen
365:Iridaceae
257:Crocosmia
179:Crocosmia
168:Freesieae
148:Iridaceae
85:Kingdom:
49:Crocosmia
2075:VicFlora
2064:VASCAN:
2057:40016723
2052:Tropicos
1821:eFloraSA
1742:Wikidata
1686:(1999) "
999:Planch."
962:Curtonus
808:division
806:through
777:invasive
655:C. aurea
552:Tritonia
490:capsules
479:apically
459:flexuose
432:ensiform
367:. It is
241:Curtonus
224:Synonyms
144:Family:
128:Monocots
37:Tritonia
1956:1267835
1943:20292-1
1904:2747926
1748:Q158670
1419:CAL-IPC
881:Gallery
812:offsets
690:L.Bolus
650:N.E.Br.
646:Lemoine
628:Planch.
582:Species
505:saffron
471:stamens
455:sessile
428:cauline
389:endemic
371:to the
245:N.E.Br.
216:Planch.
212:Hook.f.
185:Planch.
174:Genus:
164:Tribe:
134:Order:
89:Plantae
2026:PLANTS
2018:740495
2002:NZOR:
1891:108401
1865:108401
1800:426371
1774:189775
1771:APDB:
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1056:Lexico
730:Oberm.
672:Lindl.
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510:Crocus
497:krokos
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451:raceme
377:Africa
369:native
361:family
2031:CROCO
1995:58947
1969:43283
1951:IRMNG
1930:61186
1873:FoAO2
1852:22369
1839:1CCMG
1813:8VWJZ
1787:85168
1444:(PDF)
935:Notes
744:Baker
716:Klatt
624:Hook.
620:Pappe
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475:style
463:spike
457:on a
449:or a
424:corms
385:Sudan
357:genus
208:Pappe
122:Clade
109:Clade
96:Clade
2067:1050
2039:POWO
1990:NCBI
1964:ITIS
1938:IPNI
1917:3086
1912:GRIN
1899:GBIF
1834:EPPO
1795:BOLD
1782:APNI
1667:2024
1638:2024
1609:2024
1580:2024
1551:2024
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1489:2024
1456:2024
1427:2024
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1375:2024
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1272:2024
1228:2024
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1140:ISBN
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1084:ISBN
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1977:NBN
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1660:RHS
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