653:) are the heart and soul of the Spanish montería. They have to work throughout the year with many tasks so that the "rehala" (packs of around 15 to 20 hounds) forms a solid team prepared to take out and chase the game properly. Each day, they must select the most appropriate dogs for the type of hunting they are going to attend, and they must allow dogs to hunt far away or to chase game at great distances, grouping them from time to time through the thickest areas of forest. They must also have good physical resistance to endure the sometimes rough terrain and occasionally adverse weather conditions. The "rehaleros" have many obligations and rules to respect. Their function is to lead their dogs so that the game reaches the "puestos" (pegs) so that huntsmen can shoot at them, killing off any wounded game grabbed by their dogs. They are generally considered to be the "essence" of a montería.
362:. In a forest or patch of several hundred hectares a series of so-called "armadas" or lines of positions with shooting pegs, are arranged to surround and cover the mancha. Depending on their particular location in it, the armadas are called by various names ("cuerda" is the highest; "sopié" the lowest; "traviesa" is the one that crosses or is generally found in the middle of the area). From a certain end, or from more than one, the rehalas are released, and led by their respective beaters. They will beat the area in different directions with the ultimate aim of moving the game towards the hunting pegs.
800:
300:
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409:
712:
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wild boar is resting, where the dogs bark at it continuously with courage but without attacking it directly. What is achieved through this strategy is that the wild boar breaks into a run while the hounds chase it "latiendo" (barking) until the boar is forced to pass through the "puesto" (peg) where there is a hunter with his rifle, who tries to shoot him down. On many occasions the hounds have to chase the wild boar for a long time until it breaks at some point where a hunter is located.
621:
27:
683:) are those who go with the montero to the peg. On many occasions, they help the huntsman to reach the peg, advise and help him in whatever he may require, specially with the collecting of game or fast decision such as if an animal should be shot or not. They also help the captain in giving him an estimate of what has been seen in that particular peg, how many animals have been shot etc. Secretarios are generally present only in the most high-end monterías.
597:) coordinates, organizes and directs the hunting altogether, being the highest authority in the celebration, and ultimately responsible for what happens in it. He makes the necessary decisions for the proper functioning of all matters related to the montería, gives the pertinent instructions to the monteros, coordinates all the assistant personnel, sets the rules to follow and resolves with his decisions any type of controversy that may occur.
970:
increasingly more interested in the act of hunting, and it is becoming more prevalent for women to be seen at monterías as huntswomen rather than attendants. Withal, the formality of the female attire at higher-end monterías seems to remain largely unaltered. Similar to men, women at more humble rural hunts and monterías norteñas will dismiss formality and the dress criteria will be function over form (reflective and synthetic fibres etc.).
954:
521:
323:, where it has been adopted more recently. Its existence is the result of an evolution that dates back to the 18th century. Prior to the appearance of modern "Spanish monterías", hunting in southern Spain and Portugal and was very similar to the "montería norteña", the one that is still carried out in the northern half of Spain. This was apparent in the book "Tratado de la montería" published by the
580:
the hunter will be found 'guilty' and 'convicted' regardless. Once this friendly act is finished, some participants of the hunt will rub the animal's blood and guts against the hunter's face, similar to what happens in other
European countries. He will sometimes be bestowed with a certificate that authenticates and validates the person as an official "montero".
182:
1010:
698:. At the end of the hunt, they will visit the pegs of every armada, collect the marked game and bring it to the nearest truck so they can be loaded and taken to the meeting point, a task that must be done in the shortest possible time. Arrieros will then unload the trucks and display the hunted animals in what is called the "junta de carnes" (literally
545:). The relevance of the virgin is that it is the patron saint of monterías and "monteros". Depending on the type of montería, the pegs will then be drawn randomly or previously adjudicated to each "montero". Hunters will then meet up with their respective "postores" and "armadas", to be led by them to their assigned shooting pegs.
763:) are the most iconic piece of equipment of a montería, and are used both by the beaters and the huntsmen, although they have suffered an abandoning in the last decades on behalf of the latter. Footwear such as "monteras" (Spanish artisanal leather boots with fringes) or "zapatos cartujanos" (leather
746:
The types of garments worn at
Spanish monterías vary, but these are significantly more strict and thus noticeable at high-end hunts, or those attended by the traditional elites. Just as monterías norteñas prioritise function over form, and reflective clothes are most common (similar to other European
1005:
to several hundred. It is at that moment that a few hounds (usually between 2 and 10) are released on the trail of entry of the wild boar in the forest. The hounds mark the path made by the wild boar during the night with their voice, called "latido" (heartbeat), until they reach the place where the
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In the early hours of the morning each beater goes out with his hound dog tied to a long leash called a "traílla" to look for the trail of wild boars. Once a trace of the previous night has been found, the beater, aided by the nose and ability of his hound, will follow the nocturnal footsteps of the
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To corroborate that the wild boar is in a certain thicket, the beater and his hound, after entering the boar's trail in it, proceed to go around it to see if the boar has continued its path or remains resting. If it has left, the beater will continue following the trail with his hound on to another
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Dress codes vary according to the socioeconomic backgrounds of the huntsmen, and so more 'accessible' rural monterías are hardly a solemn event. Commercial monterías i.e. those for which the hunters pay, are a mix in terms of formality; rarely is there a dress code. Spanish monterías by invitation,
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If it has been a particular hunter(s) first montería kill, the tradition of the "noviazgo" is carried out. Essentially, he will be affectionately 'judged' by the captain of the montería on his or her kill. The hunter will be 'defended' by a 'defense attorney', whose job is merely ceremonial, since
532:
After breakfast, the owner of the grounds or captain of the montería gives a speech where he provides detailed information on the game quotas, species, genders and characteristics (age, quality) of animals that can be shot, as well as explaining the safety procedures and timings etc. He will often
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This type of hunting is very selective, since the animal to hunt is chosen avoiding disturbing females with their offspring. Furthermore, practically no other animal is disturbed other than the one to be hunted (almost always boar in northern Spain) since it is an inexcusable mistake for dogs to
422:
It is not a selective modality, except for the instructions that can be given at the beginning of the hunt on the type of animals on which it is possible to shoot or not, and the selection made by the hunter at the time of shooting, knowing that in doing so he reveals his position more. For this
660:
are those individuals who organize the departure of the "armada", check that all the huntsmen are prepared, order the departure at a particular time, explain the details of each peg to its respective occupant, with express mention of the security measures and where the rest of the pegs will be
969:
The overall functionality of women's outfits at these events is limited. Due to the traditional passive role of women in hunts as mere observers or companions of men, their clothes have evolved to be more 'flamboyant' and less practical. However, this is now changing, as women in Spain are
109:, the former is culturally unique. Albeit, when monterías are brought up in the foreign context, it is almost always in reference to the former. Historians refer to the period 1915–1931 in rural Spain as the "época de oro de la montería española" (golden age of the Spanish montería).
661:
located. They have to comply with the scheduled times, saving harmful delays for everyone. At the end of the montería, they will be in charge of marking and coordinating the collection of the game that has been hunted in his/her "armada" and of the huntsmen that compose it.
942:, always in leather and ideally with mountain soles. Wellington boots are convenient when the weather or field conditions dictate. Equally, hats can be worn of the same types as men's, with the distinction that they can be more feminine in style. As a sport, extensive
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672:) are the actual armed hunters who occupy the pegs. They must respect all the safety regulations, the indications of the captain and the postores, the maximum game quotas established and they must behave in an exemplary and honest manner in their actions.
925:
gilets on top, and either tweed blazers or
Austrian jankers in feminine cuts (Tebas are mostly a masculine garment). Coats are worn in a variety of fabrics, with fur elements being relatively common, yet technical ones are perfectly appropriate too.
694:) are those in charge of picking up the hunted game from the pegs. Sometimes, during the course of the montería, they accompany the rehalas to take the animals collected in the spot or grabbed by the dogs to the loading bays, often with the help of
556:, once the dogs have finished their work. Straight after this, the hunter must mark his kills. Ideally, an identifying tag on the harvested animal(s) and/or on a nearby tree or bush will be placed as a visible sign, so that the "arrieros" and their
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Generally, the groups of people dedicated to this type of hunting, called "cuadrillas", are made up of up to 20 hunters, among which there is a variable number of beaters with their hounds, the number of dogs used in total ranging from 5 to 20.
571:
During the afternoon, the harvested animals begin to arrive to the house or meeting point, where the hunters will be able to appreciate them collectively and will normally take photographs. This is called the "junta de carnes" (literally
576:). Veterinaries and butchers will then proceed to extract the healthy animals' meat, which is, together with the trophies, almost always the owner's property, although the latter are usually given away for the hunter to keep as a token.
404:
This type of hunting consists of the use of a very high number of dogs that, led by their drivers, beat the ground to hunt in order to direct all kinds of animals towards the hunters (generally deer, wild boar, fallow deer and mouflon).
116:, as each of them establish their own calendars every year, but it is almost unexceptionally the same from one to the other. They are celebrated from mid-October until mid-February or in some cases the last weekend of said month.
278:
in the 16th and 17th centuries, medieval hunting evolved according to each territory and country, in modalities that today differ greatly from each other, such as hunting in the north of Spain (montería norteña or batida), the
548:
Between 10 and 12 in the morning, and after every hunter is already in their peg, the release of dogs takes place. The dogs will scramble through the forest to force the game to leave their shelter and enter the hunting area.
872:
are normally worn on top, although suede blousons have been traditionally worn too, less so today. Loden, tweed or more 'technical' coats can be worn alternatively or in addition. In terms of trousers, field-coloured chinos,
251:
in strategic places of passage of said animal in order to catch it. To launch the animal towards the hunting pegs, the bed was approached with hounds and chased by hunters on foot and on horseback to try and catch the game.
771:
are widespread. Bullet belts, montería bags, rifle cases and other
Spanish leather items are typical. The world's largest and most important leather craftsman industry is located in the south of Spain, in places like
238:
However, the most common form of hunting throughout Spain and
Portugal was that in which, prior to the actual hunt, the prey bedding place was sought by following the trail of the chosen animal with the help of a
998:
thicket where he will repeat the strategy. It is a hunt that requires great knowledge of the signals and customs of the different forest animals and a good physical condition, as well as well-trained dogs.
392:
A traditional rehala dedicated to hunting deer and wild boar, is normally made up of a majority of pure podencos, a minority of hounds and mastiff mongrels and a pure mastiff or catching dog collars (often
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and
Tattersall shirts are worn most often, but velvet and silk ones are common too. Similarly, cashmere or wool v-neck jumpers can be worn, and their colours can be brighter than men's. Women can wear
727:
Attire is one of the most characteristic aspects of a traditional
Spanish montería, one that sets it aside from its European counterparts. Essentially, Spanish goods and garments predominate, although
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or a local, whose role is to assist the captain of the montería as a practical connoisseur of the spot and its game, plan the closure of the same and the strategy for the loosing of the dogs.
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The beds of adult male wild boars are preferably chosen as the target of the hunt. Hunters are stationed with firearms surrounding the "mancha" thicket, whose extension can vary from a few
990:
and their beaters, the "monteros", play a leading role. Contrary to
Spanish monterías, only wild boars are shot here, with the exception of foxes or occasionally 1 Iberian wolf per hunt.
1225:
339:. It is the most effective approach to harvesting big-game animals. In 1984, more than 35,000 stags had been taken that season in monterías, that number being likely much higher today.
135:
estimated that hunting in Spain generated about €6.5 billion of Spain's GDP, amounting to 0.3% of the country's economy and 187,000 jobs, monterías being a significant part of this.
1145:
860:
dress shirts and cashmere or wool v-neck jumpers in field colours i.e. shades of green, brown or burgundy (in the last years, stronger shades like red have been popularised).
365:
Each rehala has between 10 and 20 dogs and is led by a "rehalero", "perrero" or "podenquero". The base of most of the rehalas dedicated to "southern-style hunting" consist of
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can easily find it. The hunters then return to the house to enjoy lunch and comment on the montería. A typical lunch will normally consist of a warm spoon dish, usually a
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are also prevalent. There is a current stream of critics that argue that technological advances have led way to modern and more 'practical' attires e.g. camouflage and
131:
and lack of necessity (the collected meat is nonetheless taken advantage of fully, and provides a sustainable and natural free range food source). In 2016, a study by
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169:
etc. were commissioned the drafting of
Hunting Treaties, the favourite activity of the ruling classes at that time, of which there are still a few in existence:
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1463:
2189:
856:
Despite not being compulsory at all, silk, linen, cashmere or wool ties with either plain or hunting prints are often worn by men. These are accompanied by
98:. Modern monterías in the Spanish sense are the result of around 300 years of evolution from the most primitive hunts that were common in the Middle Ages.
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1807:
105:
and the "montería norteña", typical of the northern half of Spain. While the latter is very similar to the rest of driven hunts occurring elsewhere in
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can also be observed frequently. Bottoms can be skirts and baggys in country fabrics, breeks, or simple corduroys or chinos, usually not too fitted;
913:
Women's dress code at more formal monterías is not as explicit as men's, and thus is more variable, although neckties are generally not appropriate.
837:
816:
702:), which is normally a flat area near the house, either paved or natural grass. This will be done while the hunters enjoy lunch back in the house.
101:
As of today, two types of monterías exist; namely the "montería española" or "a la española", practised throughout the southern half of Spain and
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2419:
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2043:
1990:
1911:
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As can be seen, practically the only great difference that exists between this form of hunting and medieval hunting is that hunting dogs and
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reason, the most experienced hunters will avoid shooting on animals of little hunting value while waiting for what they consider worthwhile.
2374:
1853:
1344:
La
Vanguardia: La caza genera 6.475 millones de euros anuales en España y emplea a casi 187.000 personas, según un estudio – 19 April 2018
493:
A montería usually begins anywhere between 8 and 10 in the morning. With the first light of the day, the huntsmen begin to arrive at the
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889:
boots), according to the weather, formality and geographical conditions. Hats in field colours are also popular, particularly tyrolean,
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being common. Women's footwear in monterías is similar to men's, and so it is pertinent to wear Spanish leather boots, shoes or simply
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1602:
812:
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were also regularly hunted until they became almost extinct and were protected in 1970 in the entirety of the Iberian Peninsula.
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113:
2114:
Documentación Técnica del Expediente para la Declaración de la Montería y la Rehala como Bien de Interés Cultural en Andalucía
1830:
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1934:
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are sometimes worn, and these are then replaced when heading to the pegs for more appropriate footwear (leather, mountain or
841:
743:, that put the heritage of monterías at risk, stressing the importance of respecting a minimum dresscode when at a montería.
471:
2424:
2407:
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are appropriate. Spanish leather goods are amongst the most commonly used elements in a montería. In this regard,
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countries), generally speaking, a certain formality is expected at a conventional Spanish montería, and therefore
408:
299:
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Between 2 and 4 in the afternoon, the hunting is usually finalised, and this is communicated through a series of
419:
The dogs used in this type of hunting are generally not suitable for hunting in the traditional European manner.
205:
1354:
1089:
79:
with the aim of forcing the game to move around and into the shooting pegs, where hunters will be able to fire.
2452:
2073:"Valores Culturales, Discursos y Conflictos en torno a la Caza. El Caso de las Monterías Sociales en Andalucía"
728:
1193:
1178:
1163:
485:
If not by invitation, the price per peg of a commercial Spanish montería is anywhere between €250 and €6,000.
1648:
2267:
711:
2092:
1405:
Jesús Ángel Cecilia Gómez, "Especies cinegéticas españolas: descripción, modalidades de caza y trofeos" in
1332:
1112:
773:
227:. Two very peculiar types were net hunting and vulture hunting, carried out mainly in the northwest of the
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animal, often for many kilometres until he finds the place where he is bedridden, resting during the day.
777:
119:
The sport is controversial, particularly in Spain. Advocates of monterías view it as an intrinsic part of
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finalise his speech by a prayer and at times, this is concluded with a group cry "¡Viva España y viva la
2198:
1251:
1067:
256:
190:
186:
124:
91:
1431:
1209:
Víctor Rodríguez, "'El marqués de Viana y la caza', un libro sobre los años dorados de la montería" in
1070:
were hunted in monterías norteñas until 1967, when they were protected after almost becoming extinct.
620:
808:
781:
609:
51:) is an ancient type of driven hunt endemic to Spain. It involves the tracking, chase and killing of
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1912:"De La Mancha a Extremadura: estas son las fincas donde monarcas, nobles y empresarios van de caza"
1108:
833:
804:
346:
are the most common species to be hunted in this type of montería, but also other species such as
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2297:
857:
553:
534:
386:
212:
154:
128:
324:
26:
1649:"Samuel Flores Santos-Suárez: "Es necesario que el campo tenga dueño, sólo así estará cuidado""
315:
This type of hunt, much larger in extent, is carried out mainly in the centre and south of the
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2237:
2130:
2039:
1986:
902:
793:
760:
316:
228:
224:
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2232:
2212:
2013:
1130:
1125:
979:
882:
829:
436:
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343:
336:
244:
198:
150:
87:
83:
56:
52:
47:
2163:
A short film of a montería with Franz Albrecht zu Oettingen-Spielberg in Castilla-La Mancha
1876:
71:. A number of "rehalas" (packs of hounds) along with their respective "rehaleros" (unarmed
2389:
1432:
Rafael Méndez, "El tribunal corrige a la Junta y prohíbe cazar lobos al sur del Duero" in
1198:, Instituto de Cultura "Juan Gil-Albert" (Diputación Provincial de Alicante, 1993), p. 204
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886:
740:
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During the Middle Ages in Spain, this type of hunting was carried out mainly for hunting
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789:
398:
288:
2150:
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Grupo Lince de la Sociedad Española para la Conservación y Estudio de los Mamíferos,
716:
31:
1854:"Manual sobre códigos éticos y estéticos de la rehala y la montería española (y II)"
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or Cording's of Piccadilly. Incidentally, one of the most revered types of leather,
2414:
2312:
2307:
1056:
935:
898:
764:
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720:
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Traditional footwear for "montería española": a pair of Spanish leather boots with
625:
479:
467:
359:
355:
328:
232:
95:
1935:"Pedro de Borbón-Dos Sicilias: desarrollador de piensos para especies cinegéticas"
1626:"Todo lo que necesita saber para que aunque sea su primera montería no lo parezca"
373:), although those that are somewhat more specialised in wild boar use preferably
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1140:
1060:
1034:
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475:
442:
347:
332:
284:
271:
248:
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20:
2017:
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939:
752:
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308:
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2001:
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is hunted in a modality called "hunt on leash". In this type of hunting, the
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or grounds where the hunt will take place. There, a traditional breakfast of
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983:
947:
943:
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874:
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60:
776:, where there are manufacturers like "Rey Pavón", the official supplier to
19:
This article is about a modality of hunting. For the city in Colombia, see
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894:
460:
320:
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158:
132:
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or montería española or "a la española" in southern Spain and Portugal.
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ABC: La montería y la rehala como patrimonio cultural – 5 August 2020
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927:
914:
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501:(a dish made from fried breadcrumbs and typically accompanied with a
280:
162:
106:
76:
1789:
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1779:
1777:
1449:
Lince Ibérico: aspectos jurídicos para la conservación de la especie
803:
A group of hunters wearing full traditional attire at a montería in
2027:
La Montería Tradicional Española y sus Rehalas: Costumbres y Normas
1226:"Anexo. Periodos Hábiles de Caza en Andalucía. Temporada 2021-2022"
881:
are often used. During breakfast, formal leather shoes in brown or
127:
and population controls, whereas opponents argue on the grounds of
94:
and his "Libro de la montería", published in the first half of the
1333:
El Mundo: La caza defiende su actividad con cifras – 19 April 2018
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Expansión: La caza mueve 6.475 millones en España – 20 April 2018
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557:
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Species that are currently shot in monterías españolas include:
304:
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1040:
Species that are currently shot in monterías norteñas include:
2252:
1388:
1386:
922:
2127:
Caza, cazadores y medio ambiente: breve etnografía cinegética
832:, are almost exceptionally a formal event. Examples include "
307:
prior to being transported to the gathering at a montería in
283:"venerie" (on foot) and the "grande venerie" (on horseback),
1568:"Todo lo que debes saber para no desentonar en una montería"
828:, whose ownership is often associated to the aristocracy or
1716:
1714:
1273:
Agricultura de Castilla-La Mancha, Consejería de (2021).
1250:
Medio Ambiente de Castilla y León, Consejería de (2021).
624:
A pair of rehalas and their beaters at a montería in the
2093:"Algunos Aspectos de la Evolución de la Caza en España"
1409:, Ministerio de Agricultura, No. 58 (Mar., 1991), p. 61
1168:, Vol. 2, Editoria Nacional (Madrid, 1962), pp. 228–229
957:
An example of a top-part female attire consisting of a
149:
The first exhaustive works on hunting date back to the
2157:
A short film of a montería in 1952 with General Franco
153:, when different royal houses and European nobles of
528:
is often enjoyed for breakfast at a Spanish montería
470:
were shot in Spanish monterías until 1992, when the
243:, to, once the location of the bed was known, place
204:"Le livre de chasse du roy Modus" (15th century) by
2290:
2205:
1693:
1669:
807:, such sophistication being rare nowadays. The 6th
197:"Tratado de la montería" by an unknown hunter from
82:The earliest records of monterías date back to the
2151:A guide to a montería by the Real Club de Monteros
1681:
1419:
1296:Agricultura de Extremadura, Consejería de (2021).
412:Rehala hounds awaiting the start of a montería in
189:-hunting scene from the "Libro de la montería" of
1146:Junta Nacional de Homologación de Trofeos de Caza
1275:"Periodos hábiles de caza en Castilla-La Mancha"
1224:Agricultura de Andalucía, Consejería de (2021).
1793:
1603:"Sierra de Andújar, capitalidad de la montería"
1484:
1377:
1365:
223:, different types of hunting were known in the
1194:Antonio Gil Olcina & Alfredo Morales Gil,
723:leather shoes with mountain soles (cartujanos)
474:declared it a "protected species south of the
2183:
1107:, a group of European hunters accompanied by
8:
263:, whereas in France it was more common with
824:which tend to be those at well-established
2190:
2176:
2168:
2002:"The Conservation of Spanish Gilt Leather"
1877:"¡Hay por la sierra una Peña con Zahones!"
1451:, SECEM, Imagraf (Málaga, 2010), pp. 31-33
1647:Hernández, Virginia (November 16, 2020).
1624:Martínez Tato, Marta (November 9, 2017).
1543:García, José Antonio (January 26, 2010).
1196:Medio siglo de cambios agrarios en España
1768:
1756:
1744:
1732:
1720:
1705:
1588:
1566:Mencos Íñiguez, Ana (October 22, 2016).
1392:
1111:participate in a series of monterías in
798:
539:long live Spain and the Virgin of Cabeza
112:The season for monterías depends on the
25:
2062:Chapman, Abel; Buck, Walter J. (1893).
2053:Chapman, Abel; Buck, Walter J. (1910).
1806:Beltrán, Francisco (November 7, 2014).
1156:
1030:chase any other animal than wild boar.
274:and especially since the widespread of
1897:
1520:Verdeja, Marcelo (February 14, 2009).
1462:Verdeja, Marcelo (February 14, 2009).
1183:, Vol. 1, Siringa Libros (1978), p. 54
1910:Bercovitz, Vera (November 18, 2017).
1829:Castejón, Perico (December 6, 2016).
1601:Sánchez Montes, Félix (May 6, 2019).
1497:Vicent, Manuel (September 13, 2019).
1109:Franz Albrecht zu Oettingen-Spielberg
46:
7:
1852:Calonge, Javier (December 5, 2018).
1092:and based on the eponymous novel by
1059:(occasionally and only north of the
842:Prince Pedro of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
541:) or "¡Viva España y viva el rey!" (
123:economies, as well as necessary for
2111:Palenzuela Chamorro, Pablo (2017).
1875:Choclán, Felipe (October 1, 2012).
1831:"¿Cómo vestirse para una montería?"
1166:Enciclopedia de la cultura española
982:, in the north-northwest of Spain,
2071:Florido del Corral, David (2017).
1933:Lázaro, Jaime (October 26, 2018).
30:Beaters return from a montería in
14:
2125:Sánchez Garrido, Roberto (2013).
2091:López Ontiveros, Antonio (1991).
2036:La Rehala: Una Vocación, una vida
767:with mountain soles) and leather
2281:
2129:. Editorial Club Universitario.
2080:Revista Andaluza de Antropología
1037:have been replaced by firearms.
901:were also used by men until the
211:"Livro da Montaria" of the King
1103:(2023), miniseries produced by
1088:(1989), miniseries produced by
114:autonomous communities of Spain
1983:1984 Gun Digest Hunting Annual
1:
2106:(1). Universidad de La Rioja.
1959:. MyOutdoorTV. September 2023
1499:"La berrea como acto místico"
1277:. Junta de Castilla-La Mancha
2086:(2). Universidad de Sevilla.
2000:Calnal, Christopher (1992).
1981:Anderson, Robert S. (1984).
543:long live Spain and the king
517:or both) is usually served.
319:, including the entirety of
2012:(1). Taylor & Francis.
1522:"El precio de una montería"
1464:"El precio de una montería"
90:, as can be seen with king
2509:
2403:Monkeys in Chinese culture
2018:10.1179/sic.1992.37.s1.005
1254:. Junta de Castilla y León
173:“Libro de la montería” by
142:
75:) will stir up an area of
18:
2279:
2034:Castejón, Perico (2002).
2025:Castejón, Perico (2014).
1298:"Disposiciones Generales"
1252:"Periodos y Días Hábiles"
819:next to him, January 1924
719:(monteras) and a pair of
206:Gaston III, Count of Foix
1957:"Wild Boar Fever: Spain"
1808:"La Estética de la Caza"
1694:Palenzuela Chamorro 2017
1670:Palenzuela Chamorro 2017
1164:Florentino Pérez-Embid,
811:is first from the left,
729:British country clothing
303:Hunted deers mounted on
2268:Animal-assisted therapy
2006:Studies in Conservation
1682:Florido del Corral 2017
1545:"Jabalíes de todo filo"
1420:Florido del Corral 2017
1181:Caza y fauna en Neuquén
978:As was done during the
778:James Purdey & Sons
595:captain of the montería
2100:Agricultura y Sociedad
1547:. La Opinión de Zamora
1407:Agricultura y Sociedad
1303:. Junta de Extremadura
1086:El mundo de Juan Lobón
1022:
966:
820:
815:in the middle and the
759:(either in leather or
724:
637:, also referred to as
629:
626:Sierra de Hornachuelos
591:capitán de la montería
529:
416:
312:
257:Cantabrian brown bears
193:
145:Hunting § History
35:
2120:. Junta de Andalucía.
2066:. Gurney and Jackson.
1084:Monterías feature in
1017:during a montería in
1012:
956:
868:blazers and Austrian
802:
792:, is originally from
782:Holland & Holland
714:
623:
523:
411:
302:
184:
29:
1794:Sánchez Garrido 2013
1485:Sánchez Garrido 2013
1378:López Ontiveros 1991
1366:López Ontiveros 1991
1231:. Junta de Andalucía
809:Marquess of Alventos
606:master of the sierra
509:, garlic and either
472:European Union Court
48:[monteˈɾi.a]
1395:, pp. 142–143.
1090:Televisión Española
840:, "La Toledana" of
838:Duke of Westminster
535:Virgen de la Cabeza
524:A typical plate of
2199:Mammals in culture
1796:, pp. 78–104.
1436:, 21 November 2009
1113:Castilla–La Mancha
1074:In popular culture
1023:
967:
821:
817:8th Count of Yebes
796:, hence the name.
774:Castilla-La Mancha
725:
630:
530:
417:
313:
213:John I of Portugal
194:
36:
2475:
2474:
2238:Laboratory animal
2136:978-84-99481-61-6
2045:978-84-95088-56-7
1992:978-09-10676-68-7
1985:. DBI Books Inc.
1900:, pp. 23–26.
1759:, pp. 35–37.
1747:, pp. 26–35.
1735:, pp. 23–25.
1696:, pp. 57–58.
1684:, pp. 55–72.
1422:, pp. 55–16.
1368:, pp. 14–15.
1213:, 7 February 2017
1179:Roberto Gazzari,
950:are not proper.
903:Spanish Civil War
647:masters of hounds
608:) is usually the
602:maestro de sierra
317:Iberian Peninsula
295:Montería española
229:Iberian Peninsula
225:Iberian Peninsula
2500:
2493:Culture of Spain
2285:
2233:Animals in sport
2213:Animal husbandry
2192:
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2178:
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2140:
2121:
2119:
2107:
2097:
2087:
2077:
2067:
2058:
2057:. Edward Arnold.
2055:Unexplored Spain
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1161:
1131:Big-game hunting
1126:Hunting in Spain
1099:In season 12 of
1068:Cantabrian bears
1021:, northern Spain
1013:Beater with his
980:Late Middle Ages
974:Montería norteña
741:synthetic fibers
344:Iberian red deer
337:Sierra de Segura
335:hunter from the
199:Sierra de Segura
151:Late Middle Ages
88:Crown of Castile
84:Late Middle Ages
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1105:MyOutdoorTV.com
1101:Wild Boar Fever
1081:
1076:
976:
921:or standard or
911:
854:
813:Infante Alfonso
761:Grazalema cloth
709:
692:game collectors
586:
491:
379:Spanish Mastiff
371:podenco andaluz
342:Wild boars and
325:Duke of Almazán
297:
147:
141:
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17:
16:Ancient endemic
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2443:Whale watching
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2420:Spotted hyenas
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2145:External links
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1879:. Club de Caza
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1094:Luis Berenguer
1080:
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1053:(occasionally)
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946:and elaborate
910:
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850:
848:"El Castaño".
846:Emilio Botín's
708:
705:
704:
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700:meat gathering
684:
681:peg assistants
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574:meat gathering
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480:Iberian lynxes
468:Iberian wolves
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289:United Kingdom
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2038:. Agualarga.
2037:
2032:
2029:. La Trébere.
2028:
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2015:
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2007:
2003:
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1914:. Vanity Fair
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1770:
1769:Castejón 2014
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1757:Castejón 2014
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1745:Castejón 2014
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1733:Castejón 2014
1729:
1726:
1723:, p. 22.
1722:
1721:Castejón 2014
1717:
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1707:
1706:Castejón 2014
1702:
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1671:
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1628:. Vanity Fair
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1590:
1589:Castejón 2014
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33:
32:Sierra Morena
28:
22:
2415:Seal hunting
2313:Bear hunting
2308:Bear-baiting
2218:Draft animal
2159:(In Spanish)
2153:(In Spanish)
2126:
2113:
2103:
2099:
2083:
2079:
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2035:
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2009:
2005:
1982:
1975:Bibliography
1961:. Retrieved
1951:
1941:November 24,
1939:. Retrieved
1928:
1918:November 24,
1916:. Retrieved
1905:
1893:
1883:November 24,
1881:. Retrieved
1870:
1860:November 24,
1858:. Retrieved
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1837:November 24,
1835:. Retrieved
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1814:November 24,
1812:. Retrieved
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1655:November 24,
1653:. Retrieved
1642:
1632:November 24,
1630:. Retrieved
1619:
1609:November 24,
1607:. Retrieved
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1574:November 22,
1572:. Retrieved
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1551:November 22,
1549:. Retrieved
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1528:November 22,
1526:. Retrieved
1515:
1505:November 22,
1503:. Retrieved
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1470:November 22,
1468:. Retrieved
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1307:November 22,
1305:. Retrieved
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1281:November 22,
1279:. Retrieved
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1258:November 22,
1256:. Retrieved
1245:
1235:November 22,
1233:. Retrieved
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1085:
1066:
1057:Iberian wolf
1039:
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936:bell-bottoms
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369:-type dogs (
364:
341:
329:15th-century
314:
269:
254:
237:
218:
148:
125:conservation
118:
111:
100:
96:14th century
81:
55:, typically
39:
37:
2248:Pack animal
2223:Fur farming
1963:November 9,
1937:. Expansión
1898:Calnal 1992
1856:. CazaWorld
1141:Fox hunting
1061:Douro river
1035:sighthounds
988:bloodhounds
940:ankle boots
834:La Garganta
677:secretarios
643:podenqueros
476:Douro river
443:Fallow deer
348:fallow deer
331:work by an
285:fox hunting
272:Renaissance
249:sighthounds
221:Middle Ages
219:During the
65:fallow deer
2482:Categories
2408:Orangutans
2318:Teddy bear
2064:Wild Spain
1651:. El Mundo
1152:References
1015:bloodhound
919:waistcoats
887:wellington
858:tattersall
610:gamekeeper
564:, soup or
414:Villadiego
383:catch dogs
333:Andalusian
261:wild boars
191:Alfonso XI
175:Alfonso XI
92:Alfonso XI
2375:Kangaroos
2345:Elephants
2243:Livestock
1501:. El País
1211:Expansión
1045:Wild boar
984:wild boar
948:jewellery
895:flat caps
875:corduroys
836:" of the
635:rehaleros
515:torreznos
503:fried egg
489:Procedure
451:(usually)
445:(usually)
439:(usually)
433:(usually)
431:Wild boar
270:From the
61:wild boar
2465:Werewolf
2398:Gorillas
2394:Simians
1833:. Trofeo
1120:See also
1047:(always)
1003:hectares
883:cordovan
790:cordovan
688:arrieros
670:hunstmen
666:monteros
658:postores
639:perreros
463:(rarely)
461:Roe deer
375:mongrels
321:Portugal
276:firearms
265:red deer
231:to hunt
159:Portugal
133:Deloitte
103:Portugal
57:red deer
53:big-game
44:Spanish:
40:montería
21:Montería
2488:Hunting
2438:Whaling
2434:Whales
2430:Weasels
2370:Jaguars
2354:Horses
2330:Coyotes
2228:Hunting
1434:El País
1051:Red fox
1019:Galicia
944:make-up
928:Ponchos
915:Blouses
870:jankers
830:peerage
805:Seville
794:Córdoba
786:Beretta
769:gaiters
757:zahones
737:jankers
721:blucher
717:fringes
651:beaters
612:of the
566:puchero
554:conches
511:chorizo
455:Red fox
449:Mouflon
387:griffon
352:mouflon
309:Andújar
287:in the
167:Germany
155:Castile
139:History
86:in the
73:beaters
69:mouflon
2460:Wolves
2425:Tigers
2380:Koalas
2206:Topics
2133:
2042:
1989:
963:fedora
961:and a
959:poncho
891:fedora
879:breeks
826:fincas
707:Attire
628:, 1950
584:People
562:cocido
311:, 1958
281:French
245:Alanos
163:France
107:Europe
77:forest
34:, 1913
2453:Orcas
2385:Lions
2350:Foxes
2303:Bears
2291:Types
2118:(PDF)
2096:(PDF)
2076:(PDF)
1810:. ABC
1605:. ABC
1570:. ABC
1524:. ABC
1466:. ABC
1301:(PDF)
1229:(PDF)
932:capes
909:Women
866:tweed
862:Tebas
696:mules
614:finca
558:mules
526:migas
499:migas
495:finca
395:alano
367:hound
327:on a
305:mules
241:hound
121:rural
2390:Pigs
2340:Deer
2335:Dogs
2325:Cats
2298:Bats
2131:ISBN
2040:ISBN
1987:ISBN
1965:2023
1943:2021
1920:2021
1885:2021
1862:2021
1839:2021
1816:2021
1657:2021
1634:2021
1611:2021
1576:2021
1553:2021
1530:2021
1507:2021
1472:2021
1309:2021
1283:2021
1260:2021
1237:2021
1079:Film
930:and
893:and
751:and
749:ties
686:The
675:The
664:The
656:The
633:The
600:The
589:The
537:!" (
437:Stag
399:dogo
360:lynx
358:and
356:wolf
259:and
247:and
233:wolf
187:bear
67:and
2253:Pet
2014:doi
965:hat
923:fur
905:).
877:or
852:Men
844:or
649:or
641:or
478:".
401:).
397:or
377:of
2484::
2104:58
2102:.
2098:.
2084:13
2082:.
2078:.
2010:37
2008:.
2004:.
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780:,
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2020:.
2016::
1995:.
1967:.
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